1 # <pre> 2 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 3 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 4 5 # From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15): 6 # To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see 7 # <a href="http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/"> 8 # COMNAP - Stations and Bases 9 # </a> 10 # and 11 # <a href="http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm"> 12 # Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23) 13 # </a> 14 # for information. 15 # Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information. 16 # 17 # Except for the French entries, 18 # I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome! 19 # FORMAT is 'zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited. 20 21 # These rules are stolen from the 'southamerica' file. 22 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 23 Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 24 Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S 25 Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 - 26 Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 27 Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 28 Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S 29 Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 - 30 Rule ChileAQ 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 31 Rule ChileAQ 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S 32 Rule ChileAQ 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 - 33 Rule ChileAQ 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 34 Rule ChileAQ 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S 35 Rule ChileAQ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S 36 Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 - 37 Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S 38 Rule ChileAQ 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 39 Rule ChileAQ 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S 40 Rule ChileAQ 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - 41 Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 42 Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S 43 Rule ChileAQ 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 - 44 Rule ChileAQ 1999 2010 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S 45 Rule ChileAQ 2000 2007 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 46 # N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time, 47 # which is used below in specifying the transition. 48 Rule ChileAQ 2008 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - 49 Rule ChileAQ 2009 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 50 Rule ChileAQ 2010 only - Apr Sun>=1 3:00u 0 - 51 Rule ChileAQ 2011 only - May Sun>=2 3:00u 0 - 52 Rule ChileAQ 2011 only - Aug Sun>=16 4:00u 1:00 S 53 Rule ChileAQ 2012 max - Apr Sun>=23 3:00u 0 - 54 Rule ChileAQ 2012 max - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 S 55 56 # Argentina - year-round bases 57 # Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05 58 # Esperanza, San Martin Land, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17 59 # Jubany, Potter Peninsula, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01 60 # Marambio, Seymour I, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29 61 # Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22 62 # San Martin, Debenham I, -6807-06708, since 1951-03-21 63 # (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21) 64 65 # Australia - territories 66 # Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited) 67 # previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered 68 # <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html"> 69 # Margaret Turner reports 70 # </a> (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST; 71 # presumably this is when they have visitors. 72 # 73 # year-round bases 74 # Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969 75 # Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13 76 # (except 1964-11 - 1969-02) 77 # Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13 78 79 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11): 80 # Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone: 81 # Casey moved from UTC+8 to UTC+11 82 # Davis moved from UTC+7 to UTC+5 83 # Mawson moved from UTC+6 to UTC+5 84 # The changes occurred on 2009-10-18 at 02:00 (local times). 85 # 86 # Government source: (Australian Antarctic Division) 87 # <a href="http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079"> 88 # http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079 89 # </a> 90 # 91 # We have more background information here: 92 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html"> 93 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html 94 # </a> 95 96 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10): 97 # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: ... 98 # 99 # - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010. 100 # The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but 101 # has not been decided yet. 102 # 103 # - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010 104 # 20:00 UTC. 105 # 106 # - Mawson station stays on UTC+5. 107 # 108 # Background: 109 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html"> 110 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html 111 # </a> 112 113 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 114 Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - zzz 1969 115 8:00 - WST 2009 Oct 18 2:00 116 # Western (Aus) Standard Time 117 11:00 - CAST 2010 Mar 5 2:00 118 # Casey Time 119 8:00 - WST 2011 Oct 28 2:00 120 11:00 - CAST 2012 Feb 21 17:00u 121 8:00 - WST 122 Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 13 123 7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time 124 0 - zzz 1969 Feb 125 7:00 - DAVT 2009 Oct 18 2:00 126 5:00 - DAVT 2010 Mar 10 20:00u 127 7:00 - DAVT 2011 Oct 28 2:00 128 5:00 - DAVT 2012 Feb 21 20:00u 129 7:00 - DAVT 130 Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13 131 6:00 - MAWT 2009 Oct 18 2:00 132 # Mawson Time 133 5:00 - MAWT 134 # References: 135 # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html"> 136 # Casey Weather (1998-02-26) 137 # </a> 138 # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html"> 139 # Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26) 140 # </a> 141 # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html"> 142 # Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25) 143 # </a> 144 145 # Brazil - year-round base 146 # Comandante Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4 147 148 # Chile - year-round bases and towns 149 # Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994 150 # Presidente Eduadro Frei, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07 151 # General Bernardo O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02 152 # Capitan Arturo Prat, -6230-05941 153 # Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09 154 # These locations have always used Santiago time; use TZ='America/Santiago'. 155 156 # China - year-round bases 157 # Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20 158 # Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26 159 160 # France - year-round bases 161 # 162 # From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20): 163 # Time data are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP 164 # (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology). 165 # She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adelie bases 166 # don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adelie supplies came 167 # from Tasmania. 168 # 169 # French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants 170 # 171 # Martin-de-Vivies Base, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950 172 # Alfred-Faure Base, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964 173 # Port-aux-Francais, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951; 174 # whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956 175 # 176 # St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited 177 # fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931 178 # 179 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 180 Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - zzz 1950 # Port-aux-Francais 181 5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time 182 # 183 # year-round base in the main continent 184 # Dumont-d'Urville, Ile des Petrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11 185 # 186 # Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947. 187 # It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14. 188 # 189 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 190 Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - zzz 1947 191 10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time 192 0 - zzz 1956 Nov 193 10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time 194 # Reference: 195 # <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station"> 196 # Dumont d'Urville Station (2005-12-05) 197 # </a> 198 199 # Germany - year-round base 200 # Georg von Neumayer, -7039-00815 201 202 # India - year-round base 203 # Dakshin Gangotri, -7005+01200 204 205 # Japan - year-round bases 206 # Dome Fuji, -7719+03942 207 # Syowa, -690022+0393524 208 # 209 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06): 210 # In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time. 211 # 212 # Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan, 213 # was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main 214 # station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location. 215 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 216 Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29 217 3:00 - SYOT # Syowa Time 218 # See: 219 # <a href="http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html"> 220 # NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17) 221 # </a> 222 223 # S Korea - year-round base 224 # King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988 225 226 # New Zealand - claims 227 # Balleny Islands (never inhabited) 228 # Scott Island (never inhabited) 229 # 230 # year-round base 231 # Scott Base, Ross Island, since 1957-01. 232 # See Pacific/Auckland. 233 # 234 # These rules for New Zealand are stolen from the 'australasia' file. 235 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 236 Rule NZAQ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D 237 Rule NZAQ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 238 Rule NZAQ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D 239 Rule NZAQ 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D 240 Rule NZAQ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S 241 Rule NZAQ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 242 Rule NZAQ 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S 243 Rule NZAQ 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 244 Rule NZAQ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 245 246 # Norway - territories 247 # Bouvet (never inhabited) 248 # 249 # claims 250 # Peter I Island (never inhabited) 251 252 # Poland - year-round base 253 # Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977 254 255 # Russia - year-round bases 256 # Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22 257 # Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02 258 # Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551, 259 # year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01 260 # Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150, 261 # year-round from 1960/61 to 1992 262 263 # Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11 264 # <a href="http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP"> 265 # From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15)</a>: 266 # Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same 267 # time as Moscow, Russia. 268 # 269 # From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08): 270 # I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is 271 # what they had to say about time there: 272 # "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo) 273 # time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was 274 # 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead 275 # of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The 276 # natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT." 277 # 278 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04): 279 # This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it 280 # in person. He said that some Antartic locations set their local 281 # time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this 282 # changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean 283 # solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks 284 # happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time 285 # it is at Vostok. But we'll guess UTC+6. 286 # 287 Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16 288 6:00 - VOST # Vostok time 289 290 # S Africa - year-round bases 291 # Marion Island, -4653+03752 292 # Sanae, -7141-00250 293 294 # UK 295 # 296 # British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims 297 # South Orkney Islands 298 # scientific station from 1903 299 # whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926 300 # South Shetland Islands 301 # 302 # year-round bases 303 # Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983 304 # Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931, 305 # scientific station 1943/1967, 306 # previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident, 307 # and a garrison was deployed briefly 308 # Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06 309 # Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated 310 # so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location. 311 # Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01 312 # 313 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22) 314 # <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year. 315 # 316 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 317 Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - zzz 1976 Dec 1 318 -3:00 - ROTT # Rothera time 319 320 # Uruguay - year round base 321 # Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107 322 323 # USA - year-round bases 324 # 325 # Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968) 326 # 327 # From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06): 328 # It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us 329 # and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line.... 330 # I verified with someone who was there that since 1980, 331 # Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War, 332 # Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina. 333 # 334 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 335 Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - zzz 1965 336 -4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 337 -3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May 338 -4:00 ChileAQ CL%sT 339 # 340 # 341 # McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12 342 # Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20 343 # 344 # From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27): 345 # Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station, 346 # stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station, 347 # but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12 348 # as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound, 349 # which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year 350 # at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 degrees SOUTH.) 351 # 352 # From Susan Smith 353 # http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html 354 # (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available): 355 # We use the same time as McMurdo does. 356 # And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does.... 357 # One last quirk about South Pole time. 358 # All the electric clocks are usually wrong. 359 # Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something 360 # makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days, 361 # we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so. 362 # Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!! 363 # 364 # See 'australasia' for Antarctica/McMurdo.