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5129 Update timezone info db to 2014g
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--- old/usr/src/cmd/zic/africa
+++ new/usr/src/cmd/zic/africa
1 -# <pre>
2 1 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
3 2 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
4 3
5 -# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
4 +# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
6 5 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
7 -# tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
6 +# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
7 +# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
8 8
9 9 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
10 10 #
11 11 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
12 12 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
13 13 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
14 14 #
15 15 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
16 16 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
17 17 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
18 18 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
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19 19 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
20 20 #
21 21 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
22 22 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
23 23 #
24 24 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
25 25 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
26 26 # I found in the UCLA library.
27 27 #
28 28 # For data circa 1899, a common source is:
29 -# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
30 -# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
29 +# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
30 +# http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
31 31 #
32 32 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
33 33 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
34 34 #
35 35 # Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
36 36 # for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively,
37 37 # but Mark R V Murray reports that
38 -# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
39 -# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
40 -# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
41 -# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''.
42 -# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference.
38 +# 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
39 +# 'CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
40 +# 'WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
41 +# the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa".
42 +# He has heard of "Western Sahara Time" for +0:00 but can find no reference.
43 43 #
44 -# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
44 +# To make things confusing, 'WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
45 45 # I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,
46 46 # and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.
47 47 # This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African
48 48 # mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.
49 49 #
50 50 # To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency:
51 51 # -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used)
52 52 # 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time
53 53 # 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time
54 54 # 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time
55 55 # and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:
56 56 # 1:00 WAT West Africa Time
57 -# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
57 +# I realize that this leads to 'WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
58 58 # for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of
59 59 # until we get more information.
60 60 #
61 61 # I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
62 62 # 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time
63 63 # 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used)
64 64 # 2:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used)
65 65 # 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
66 66 # 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
67 67 # 3:00 EAT East Africa Time
68 68 # 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
69 69
70 70 # Algeria
71 71 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
72 72 Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S
73 73 Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 -
74 74 Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S
75 75 Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S
76 76 Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
77 77 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S
78 78 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 -
79 79 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S
80 80 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 -
81 81 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S
82 82 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 -
83 83 Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
84 84 Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 -
85 85 Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 -
86 86 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S
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87 87 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 -
88 88 Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S
89 89 Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 -
90 90 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S
91 91 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 -
92 92 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S
93 93 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
94 94 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
95 95 # more precise 0:09:21.
96 96 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
97 -Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
98 - 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
99 - 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00
97 +Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
98 + 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
99 + 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00
100 100 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7
101 101 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29
102 102 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14
103 103 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21
104 104 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26
105 105 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May
106 106 1:00 - CET
107 107
108 108 # Angola
109 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
110 -Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892
111 - 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time
112 - 1:00 - WAT
113 -
114 109 # Benin
115 -# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934;
116 -# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
117 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
118 -Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912
119 - 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
120 - 1:00 - WAT
110 +# See Africa/Lagos.
121 111
122 112 # Botswana
123 113 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
124 114 # Milne says they were regulated by the Cape Town Signal in 1899;
125 115 # assume they switched to 2:00 when Cape Town did.
126 116 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
127 117 Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885
128 118 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar
129 - 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00
130 - 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
119 + 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00
120 + 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
131 121 2:00 - CAT
132 122
133 123 # Burkina Faso
134 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
135 -Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912
136 - 0:00 - GMT
124 +# See Africa/Abidjan.
137 125
138 126 # Burundi
139 127 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
140 128 Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890
141 129 2:00 - CAT
142 130
143 131 # Cameroon
144 -# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
145 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
146 -Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912
147 - 1:00 - WAT
132 +# See Africa/Lagos.
148 133
149 134 # Cape Verde
135 +#
136 +# Shanks gives 1907 for the transition to CVT.
137 +# Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree
138 +# http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
139 +# merely made it official?
140 +#
150 141 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
151 -Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia
142 +Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia
152 143 -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep
153 144 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15
154 - -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00
145 + -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00
155 146 -1:00 - CVT
156 147
157 148 # Central African Republic
158 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
159 -Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912
160 - 1:00 - WAT
149 +# See Africa/Lagos.
161 150
162 151 # Chad
163 152 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
164 -Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912
153 +Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 # N'Djamena
165 154 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14
166 155 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8
167 156 1:00 - WAT
168 157
169 158 # Comoros
170 159 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
171 -Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro
160 +Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro
172 161 3:00 - EAT
173 162
174 -# Democratic Republic of Congo
163 +# Democratic Republic of the Congo
175 164 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
176 -Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
177 - 1:00 - WAT
178 165 Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
179 166 2:00 - CAT
167 +# The above is for the eastern part; see Africa/Lagos for the western part.
180 168
181 169 # Republic of the Congo
182 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
183 -Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912
184 - 1:00 - WAT
170 +# See Africa/Lagos.
185 171
186 -# Cote D'Ivoire
172 +# Côte d'Ivoire / Ivory Coast
187 173 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
188 174 Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912
189 175 0:00 - GMT
176 +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Bamako # Mali
177 +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Banjul # Gambia
178 +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Conakry # Guinea
179 +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Dakar # Senegal
180 +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Freetown # Sierra Leone
181 +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Lome # Togo
182 +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Nouakchott # Mauritania
183 +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Ouagadougou # Burkina Faso
184 +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Sao_Tome # São Tomé and Príncipe
185 +Link Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/St_Helena # St Helena
190 186
191 187 # Djibouti
192 188 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
193 189 Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul
194 190 3:00 - EAT
195 191
196 192 ###############################################################################
197 193
198 194 # Egypt
199 195
200 196 # Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh
201 197 # observatory; round to nearest. Milne also says that the official time for
202 198 # Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this
203 199 # did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said.
204 200
205 201 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
206 202 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S
207 203 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
208 204 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S
209 205 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
210 206 Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
211 207 Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 -
212 208 Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
213 209 Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S
214 210 Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
215 211 Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
216 212 Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
217 213 Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
218 214 Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
219 215 Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
220 216 Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S
221 217 Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S
222 218 Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
223 219 Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S
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224 220 Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
225 221 # IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00.
226 222 # Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29.
227 223
228 224 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20):
229 225 # "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight
230 226 # saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of
231 227 # Egyptians would approve the cancellation."
232 228 #
233 229 # Egypt to cancel daylight saving time
234 -# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168">
235 230 # http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168
236 -# </a>
237 231 # or
238 -# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html">
239 232 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html
240 -# </a>
241 233 Rule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S
242 -Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
234 +Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 -
243 235 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19):
244 236 # The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports:
245 237 # Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday
246 238 # after observing the daylight saving time since May.
247 239 # http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf
248 -Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 -
240 +Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
249 241 # From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14):
250 242 # I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight
251 243 # saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07.
252 -# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:]
244 +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:]
253 245 # http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm
254 246 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53
255 247 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...:
256 248 # http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm
257 -Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 23:00s 0 -
249 +Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 -
258 250 # From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06):
259 251 # Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter
260 252 # than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each
261 253 # year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite
262 254 # hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by
263 255 # shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently,
264 256 # unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008.
265 257 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
266 258 # For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August.
267 259
268 260 # From Petr Machata (2009-04-06):
269 261 # The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited):
270 262 #
271 263 # > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009
272 264 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu =
273 265 # Apr 23
274 266 # > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200
275 267 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri =
276 268 # Apr 24
277 269 # > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800
278 270 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu =
279 271 # Aug 27
280 272 # > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800
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281 273 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu =
282 274 # Aug 27
283 275 # > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200
284 276 #
285 277 # > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59=
286 278 # :59)
287 279 # > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/
288 280 #
289 281 # timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that.
290 282 #
291 -# [1] <a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263">
292 -# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263
293 -# </a>
294 -# [2] <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53">
295 -# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53
296 -# </a>
297 -# [3] <a href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/">
298 -# http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/
299 -# </a>
283 +# [1] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263
284 +# [2] http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53
285 +# [3] http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/
300 286
301 287 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20):
302 288 # In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth
303 289 # Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday
304 290 # in September.
305 291
306 292 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11):
307 293 # We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet
308 294 # Information and Decision Support Center:
309 -# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html">
310 295 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html
311 -# </a>
312 296 #
313 297 # The Middle East News Agency
314 -# <a href="http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx">
315 298 # http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx
316 -# </a>
317 299 # also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21"
318 300 # today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT."
319 301 # Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service,
320 302 # and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine
321 303 # (at least today).
322 304
323 305 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20):
324 -# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has
306 +# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has
325 307 # decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during
326 308 # Ramadan.
327 309 #
328 310 # Arabic translation:
329 -# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan--and then forward again"
330 -# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again">
311 +# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan - and then forward again"
331 312 # http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again
332 -# </a>
333 -# or
334 -# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html">
335 313 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html
336 -# </a>
337 314
338 -Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 23:00s 0 -
339 -Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 23:00s 0 -
340 -Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 -
341 -Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 10 0:00 1:00 S
342 -Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
315 +# From Ahmad El-Dardiry (2014-05-07):
316 +# Egypt is to change back to Daylight system on May 15
317 +# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/100735/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-government-to-reapply-daylight-saving-time-.aspx
343 318
319 +# From Gunther Vermier (2015-05-13):
320 +# our Egypt office confirms that the change will be at 15 May "midnight" (24:00)
321 +
322 +# From Imed Chihi (2014-06-04):
323 +# We have finally "located" a precise official reference about the DST changes
324 +# in Egypt. The Ministers Cabinet decision is explained at
325 +# http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/Media/CabinetMeetingsDetails.aspx?id=347 ...
326 +# [T]his (Arabic) site is not accessible outside Egypt, but the page ...
327 +# translates into: "With regard to daylight saving time, it is scheduled to
328 +# take effect at exactly twelve o'clock this evening, Thursday, 15 MAY 2014,
329 +# to be suspended by twelve o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 26 JUN 2014,
330 +# and re-established again at the end of the month of Ramadan, at twelve
331 +# o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 31 JUL 2014." This statement has been
332 +# reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]...
333 +# http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258
334 +
335 +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-04):
336 +# Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath of AP report that the Egyptian government says
337 +# the change is because of blackouts in Cairo, even though Ahram Online (cited
338 +# above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. There is
339 +# no information about when DST will end this fall. See:
340 +# http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833
341 +#
342 +# For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use
343 +# 2010's rules, and guess that Egypt will switch to standard time at
344 +# 24:00 the last Thursday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 00:00 the
345 +# first Friday after Ramadan. To implement this,
346 +# transition dates for 2015 through 2037 were determined by running
347 +# the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the results integrated
348 +# by hand into the table below. Ramadan again intrudes on the guessed
349 +# DST starting in 2038, but that's beyond our somewhat-arbitrary cutoff.
350 +# (let ((islamic-year 1436))
351 +# (while (< islamic-year 1460)
352 +# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year)))
353 +# (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))
354 +# (friday 5))
355 +# (while (/= friday (mod a 7))
356 +# (setq a (1- a)))
357 +# (while (/= friday (mod b 7))
358 +# (setq b (1+ b)))
359 +# (setq a (1- a))
360 +# (setq b (1- b))
361 +# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a))
362 +# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b))
363 +# (insert
364 +# (format
365 +# (concat "Rule\tEgypt\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t0\t-\n"
366 +# "Rule\tEgypt\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t1:00\tS\n")
367 +# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a))
368 +# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b)))))
369 +# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year))))
370 +Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 24:00 0 -
371 +Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 24:00 0 -
372 +Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 10 24:00 0 -
373 +Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 9 24:00 1:00 S
374 +Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 -
375 +Rule Egypt 2014 only - May 15 24:00 1:00 S
376 +Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jun 26 24:00 0 -
377 +Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jul 31 24:00 1:00 S
378 +Rule Egypt 2014 max - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 -
379 +Rule Egypt 2015 2019 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S
380 +Rule Egypt 2015 only - Jun 11 24:00 0 -
381 +Rule Egypt 2015 only - Jul 23 24:00 1:00 S
382 +Rule Egypt 2016 only - Jun 2 24:00 0 -
383 +Rule Egypt 2016 only - Jul 7 24:00 1:00 S
384 +Rule Egypt 2017 only - May 25 24:00 0 -
385 +Rule Egypt 2017 only - Jun 29 24:00 1:00 S
386 +Rule Egypt 2018 only - May 10 24:00 0 -
387 +Rule Egypt 2018 only - Jun 14 24:00 1:00 S
388 +Rule Egypt 2019 only - May 2 24:00 0 -
389 +Rule Egypt 2019 only - Jun 6 24:00 1:00 S
390 +Rule Egypt 2020 only - May 28 24:00 1:00 S
391 +Rule Egypt 2021 only - May 13 24:00 1:00 S
392 +Rule Egypt 2022 only - May 5 24:00 1:00 S
393 +Rule Egypt 2023 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S
394 +
344 395 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
345 396 Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct
346 397 2:00 Egypt EE%sT
347 398
348 399 # Equatorial Guinea
349 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
350 -Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912
351 - 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15
352 - 1:00 - WAT
400 +# See Africa/Lagos.
353 401
354 402 # Eritrea
355 403 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
356 404 Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870
357 - 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time
358 - 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
405 + 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time
406 + 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
359 407 3:00 - EAT
360 408
361 409 # Ethiopia
362 -# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
363 -# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones
364 -# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.
365 -# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera.
410 +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-31):
411 +# Like the Swahili of Kenya and Tanzania, many Ethiopians keep a
412 +# 12-hour clock starting at our 06:00, so their "8 o'clock" is our
413 +# 02:00 or 14:00. Keep this in mind when you ask the time in Amharic.
414 +#
415 +# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time
416 +# zones between 1870 and 1890, that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in
417 +# 1890, and that they switched to 3:00 on 1936-05-05. Perhaps 38E50
418 +# was for Adis Dera. Quite likely the Shanks data entries are wrong
419 +# anyway.
366 420 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
367 421 Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870
368 - 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
422 + 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
369 423 3:00 - EAT
370 424
371 425 # Gabon
372 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
373 -Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912
374 - 1:00 - WAT
426 +# See Africa/Lagos.
375 427
376 428 # Gambia
377 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
378 -Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912
379 - -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time
380 - -1:00 - WAT 1964
381 - 0:00 - GMT
429 +# See Africa/Abidjan.
382 430
383 431 # Ghana
384 432 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
385 -# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present'';
386 -# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
387 -Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST
388 -Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT
433 +# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to "the present";
434 +# Shanks & Pottenger say 1936 to 1942;
435 +# and September 1 to January 1 is given by:
436 +# Scott Keltie J, Epstein M (eds), The Statesman's Year-Book,
437 +# 57th ed. Macmillan, London (1920), OCLC 609408015, pp xxviii.
438 +# For lack of better info, assume DST was observed from 1920 to 1942.
439 +Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST
440 +Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT
389 441 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
390 442 Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918
391 443 0:00 Ghana %s
392 444
393 445 # Guinea
394 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
395 -Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912
396 - 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
397 - -1:00 - WAT 1960
398 - 0:00 - GMT
446 +# See Africa/Abidjan.
399 447
400 448 # Guinea-Bissau
449 +#
450 +# Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT,
451 +# evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree
452 +# http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
453 +# with the date that it took effect, namely 1912-01-01.
454 +#
401 455 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
402 -Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26
456 +Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1
403 457 -1:00 - WAT 1975
404 458 0:00 - GMT
405 459
406 460 # Kenya
407 461 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
408 462 Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul
409 463 3:00 - EAT 1930
410 464 2:30 - BEAT 1940
411 465 2:45 - BEAUT 1960
412 466 3:00 - EAT
413 467
414 468 # Lesotho
415 469 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
416 470 Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
417 - 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00
418 - 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
471 + 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00
472 + 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
419 473 2:00 - SAST
420 474
421 475 # Liberia
422 476 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
423 477 # In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
424 478 # from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
425 479 # Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
426 480 # Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan;
427 481 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
428 482 # For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and
429 483 # Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
430 484 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
431 485 Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882
432 486 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
433 487 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time
434 488 0:00 - GMT
435 489
436 490 ###############################################################################
437 491
438 492 # Libya
439 493
440 494 # From Even Scharning (2012-11-10):
441 495 # Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10.
442 496 # http://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/
443 497 # Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc
444 498 #
445 499 # Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in
446 500 # http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html
447 501 #
448 502 # From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11):
449 503 # Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1.
450 504 # The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe
451 505 # (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on
452 506 # lastFri instead of lastSun).
453 507
454 508 # From Even Scharning (2013-10-25):
455 509 # The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was
456 510 # cancelled yesterday....
457 511 # http://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/
458 512 #
459 513 # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25):
460 514 # For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UTC+2.
461 515
462 516 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
463 517 Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S
464 518 Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
465 519 Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S
466 520 Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
467 521 Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S
468 522 Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
469 523 Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
470 524 Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
471 525 Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S
472 526 Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S
473 527 Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
474 528 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
475 529 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
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476 530 Rule Libya 1997 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S
477 531 Rule Libya 1997 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
478 532 Rule Libya 2013 only - Mar lastFri 1:00 1:00 S
479 533 Rule Libya 2013 only - Oct lastFri 2:00 0 -
480 534 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
481 535 Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920
482 536 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959
483 537 2:00 - EET 1982
484 538 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4
485 539 # The 1996 and 1997 entries are from Shanks & Pottenger;
486 -# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors.
540 +# the IATA SSIM data entries contain some obvious errors.
487 541 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30
488 542 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1997 Oct 4
489 - 2:00 - EET 2012 Nov 10 2:00
490 - 1:00 Libya CE%sT 2013 Oct 25 2:00
543 + 2:00 - EET 2012 Nov 10 2:00
544 + 1:00 Libya CE%sT 2013 Oct 25 2:00
491 545 2:00 - EET
492 546
493 547 # Madagascar
494 548 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
495 549 Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul
496 550 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s
497 551 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s
498 552 3:00 - EAT
499 553
500 554 # Malawi
501 555 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
502 556 Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
503 557 2:00 - CAT
504 558
505 559 # Mali
506 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
507 -Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912
508 - 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
509 - -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20
510 - 0:00 - GMT
511 -
512 560 # Mauritania
513 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
514 -Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912
515 - 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
516 - -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28
517 - 0:00 - GMT
561 +# See Africa/Abidjan.
518 562
519 563 # Mauritius
520 564
521 565 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25):
522 566 # Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial
523 567 # basis....
524 568 # It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to
525 569 # 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful....
526 570 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html
527 571
528 572 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25):
529 573 # http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD
530 574
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531 575 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30):
532 576 # The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A
533 577 # final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving
534 578 # would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight.
535 579
536 580 # From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):
537 581 # Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger.
538 582
539 583 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10):
540 584 # According to
541 -# <a href="http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216">
542 585 # http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216
543 -# </a>
544 586 # (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier
545 587 # than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start
546 588 # date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time
547 589 # given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time).
548 590 #
549 591 # A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date
550 592 # to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date,
551 593 # but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in
552 594 # USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder
553 595 # why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which
554 596 # changes two days later.
555 597
556 598 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11):
557 599 # Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving
558 -# time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally
600 +# time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally
559 601 # published on Monday, June 30, 2008...
560 602 #
561 603 # I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction
562 -# de l'heure d'ete" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26
563 -# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.
564 -# ...
565 -# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html">
604 +# de l'heure d'été" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26
605 +# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one....
566 606 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html
567 -# </a>
568 607
569 608 # From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03):
570 609 # The Government of Mauritius weblink
571 -# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD">
572 610 # http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD
573 -# </a>
574 611 # Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows:
575 612 #
576 613 # 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly
577 614 # of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in
578 615 # Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of
579 616 # the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United
580 617 # States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the
581 618 # last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on
582 619 # the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the
583 -# year 2008 - 2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008
620 +# year 2008-2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008
584 621 # and end on 29 March 2009.
585 622
586 623 # From Ed Maste (2008-10-07):
587 624 # THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the
588 625 # beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the
589 626 # morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March.
590 -# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf">
591 627 # http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf
592 -# </a>
593 628
594 629 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05):
595 630 # According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe
596 631 # DST the coming summer...
597 632 #
598 633 # Some sources, in French:
599 -# <a href="http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB">
600 634 # http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB
601 -# </a>
602 -# <a href="http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-">
603 635 # http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-
604 -# </a>
605 636 #
606 637 # Our wrap-up:
607 -# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html">
608 638 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html
609 -# </a>
610 639
611 640 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11):
612 641 # The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this:
613 642 # "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour
614 643 # at 2am (or 02:00) local time..."
615 644
616 645 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
617 646 Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S
618 647 Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 -
619 648 Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
620 649 Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
621 650 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
622 -Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis
651 +Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis
623 652 4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time
624 653 # Agalega Is, Rodriguez
625 654 # no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
626 655
627 656 # Mayotte
628 657 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
629 -Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou
658 +Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou
630 659 3:00 - EAT
631 660
632 661 # Morocco
633 -# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
662 +# See the 'europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
634 663
635 664 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
636 665 # Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between
637 666 # 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008.
638 667 #
639 668 # "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will
640 669 # be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to
641 -# Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...."
670 +# Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...."
642 671 #
643 -# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html">
644 672 # http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html
645 -# </a>
646 -# OR
647 -# <a href="http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html">
648 673 # http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html
649 -# </a>
650 674
651 675 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
652 -# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse:
653 -# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view">
676 +# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe
677 +# Presse:
654 678 # http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view
655 -# </a>
656 679 #
657 680 # Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt.
658 681 # spokesman.
659 682
660 683 # From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09):
661 684 # According to this article:
662 -# <a href="http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html">
663 685 # http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html
664 -# </a>
665 -# (and republished here:
666 -# <a href="http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html">
667 -# http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html
668 -# </a>
669 -# )
670 -# the changes occurs at midnight:
686 +# (and republished here: <http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html>)
687 +# the changes occur at midnight:
671 688 #
672 -# saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be
673 -# intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday)
674 -# sunday night the 28th at midnight
689 +# Saturday night May 31st at midnight (which in French is to be
690 +# interpreted as the night between Saturday and Sunday)
691 +# Sunday night the 28th at midnight
675 692 #
676 -# Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say
677 -# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and
678 -# monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive
679 -# june1st to sept 27th.
693 +# Seeing that the 28th is Monday, I am guessing that she intends to say
694 +# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between Sunday and
695 +# Monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive
696 +# June 1st to Sept 27th.
680 697 #
681 698 # The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree
682 699 # published on the web.
683 700 #
684 701 # It's also confirmed here:
685 -# <a href="http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm">
686 702 # http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm
687 -# </a>
688 -# on a government portal as being between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet
689 -# posted in english).
703 +# on a government portal as being between June 1st and Sept 27th (not yet
704 +# posted in English).
690 705 #
691 -# The following google query will generate many relevant hits:
692 -# <a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search">
706 +# The following Google query will generate many relevant hits:
693 707 # http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search
694 -# </a>
695 708
696 709 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27):
697 710 # Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31
698 711 # and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end
699 712 # of September:
700 713 #
701 714 # One article about it (in French):
702 -# <a href="http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default">
703 715 # http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default
704 -# </a>
705 716 #
706 717 # We have some further details posted here:
707 -# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html">
708 718 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html
709 -# </a>
710 719
711 720 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17):
712 721 # Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according
713 722 # to many sources, such as
714 -# <a href="http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html">
715 723 # http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html
716 -# </a>
717 -# <a href="http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312">
718 724 # http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312
719 -# </a>
720 725 # (French)
721 726 #
722 727 # Our summary:
723 -# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html">
724 728 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html
725 -# </a>
726 729
727 730 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):
728 731 # Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre,
729 -# Ministere de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics
732 +# Ministère de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics
730 733 #
731 734 # Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967)
732 735 # concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of
733 736 # Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be
734 737 # advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight.
735 738 #
736 -# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf">
737 739 # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf
738 -# </a>
739 -#
740 -# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html">
741 740 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html
742 -# </a>
743 741
744 742 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13):
745 743 # Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization
746 744 # of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from
747 745 # 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08.
748 746 #
749 747 # Example:
750 -# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html">
751 748 # http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html
752 -# </a>
753 749 # (French)
754 750 # Our page:
755 -# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html">
756 751 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html
757 -# </a>
758 752
759 753 # From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30):
760 754 # ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format)
761 -# The 3rd april 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd april 1:00:00
762 -# The 31th july 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31th July 00:00:00
755 +# The 3rd April 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd April 01:00:00
756 +# The 31st July 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31st July 00:00:00
763 757 # ...Official links of change in morocco
764 758 # The change was broadcast on the FM Radio
765 759 # I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at
766 760 # +212.537.71.84.00
767 -# <a href="http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/">
768 761 # http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/
769 -# </a>
770 762 # They said that
771 -# <a href="http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view">
772 763 # http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view
773 -# </a>
774 764 # is the official publication to look at.
775 765 # They said that the decision was already taken.
776 766 #
777 767 # More articles in the press
778 -# <a href="http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev">
779 -# http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev
780 -# </a>
781 -# e.html
782 -# <a href="http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923">
768 +# http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-leve.html
783 769 # http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923
784 -# </a>
785 -# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim">
786 770 # http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim
787 -# anche-prochain-5538.html
788 -# </a>
789 771
790 772 # From Petr Machata (2011-03-30):
791 773 # They have it written in English here:
792 -# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view">
793 774 # http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view
794 -# </a>
795 775 #
796 776 # It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31,
797 777 # 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of
798 778 # wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has
799 779 # also been like that in the past.
800 780
801 781 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09):
802 -# According to Infomédiaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma),
803 -# on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure légale:
804 -# Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'été
805 -# <a href="http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9">
782 +# According to Infomédiaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma),
783 +# on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure légale:
784 +# Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'été
806 785 # http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9
807 -# </a>
808 786 # Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on
809 787 # the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on
810 788 # last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012)
811 789 # except the month of Ramadan.
812 790 # or (brief)
813 -# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html">
814 791 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html
815 -# </a>
816 792
817 793 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10):
818 794 # The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in
819 795 # effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day;
820 796 # it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX.
821 797 # Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about
822 798 # start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX.
823 799
824 800 # From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16):
825 801 # Seen Morocco change again:
826 -# <a href="http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php">
827 802 # http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php
828 -# </a>
829 -# "...à partir du dernier dimance d'avril et non fins mars,
830 -# comme annoncé précédemment."
803 +# "...à partir du dernier dimanche d'avril et non fins mars,
804 +# comme annoncé précédemment."
831 805
832 806 # From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17):
833 807 # The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government:
834 -# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288">
835 808 # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French]
836 -# </a>
837 809 #
838 810 # Google translation, lightly edited:
839 811 # Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT)
840 812 # Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18,
841 813 # 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the
842 814 # Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry
843 815 # of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return
844 816 # of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until
845 817 # Monday, August 20, 2012. So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from
846 818 # 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes
847 819 # August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am.
848 820
849 821 # From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06):
850 822 # Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be
851 823 # announced a bit in advance. On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government
852 824 # announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be
853 825 # 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see
854 -# <http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288>.
826 +# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288
855 827
856 828 # From Andrew Paprocki (2013-07-02):
857 829 # Morocco announced that the year's Ramadan daylight-savings
858 830 # transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see:
859 831 # http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10
860 832
861 833 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28):
862 834 # Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day
863 835 # before it was going to end. There is a new decree (2.13.781) for
864 836 # this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00
865 837 # to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules. Official
866 838 # source (French):
867 839 # http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013
868 840 # Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree):
869 841 # http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html
870 842
871 -# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-03):
872 -# To estimate what the Moroccan government will do in future years,
873 -# transition dates for 2014 through 2038 were determined by running
874 -# the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3:
875 -#
876 -# (let ((islamic-year 1435))
877 -# (while (< islamic-year 1461)
878 -# (let ((a
879 -# (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
880 -# (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))))
881 -# (b
882 -# (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
883 -# (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))))
884 -# (insert
885 -# (format
886 -# (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t %2d\t 3:00\t0\t-\n"
887 -# "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t %2d\t 2:00\t1:00\tS\n")
888 -# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a))
889 -# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b)))))
843 +# From Sebastien Willemijns (2014-03-18):
844 +# http://www.afriquinfos.com/articles/2014/3/18/maroc-heure-dete-avancez-tous-horloges-247891.asp
845 +
846 +# From Milamber Space Network (2014-06-05):
847 +# The Moroccan government has recently announced that the country will return
848 +# to standard time at 03:00 on Saturday, June 28, 2014 local time.... DST
849 +# will resume again at 02:00 on Saturday, August 2, 2014....
850 +# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=586
851 +
852 +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-05):
853 +# For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use 2014's rules,
854 +# and guess that Morocco will switch to standard time at 03:00 the last
855 +# Saturday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 02:00 the first Saturday after
856 +# Ramadan. To implement this, transition dates for 2015 through 2037 were
857 +# determined by running the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the
858 +# results integrated by hand into the table below.
859 +# (let ((islamic-year 1436))
860 +# (while (< islamic-year 1460)
861 +# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year)))
862 +# (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))
863 +# (saturday 6))
864 +# (while (/= saturday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7)))
865 +# (while (/= saturday (mod b 7))
866 +# (setq b (1+ b)))
867 +# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a))
868 +# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b))
869 +# (insert
870 +# (format
871 +# (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t0\t-\n"
872 +# "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t1:00\tS\n")
873 +# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a))
874 +# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b)))))
890 875 # (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year))))
891 -#
892 -# with spring-forward transitions removed for 2023-2025, when the
893 -# normal spring-forward date falls during the estimated Ramadan; with
894 -# all transitions removed for 2026-2035, where the estimated Ramadan
895 -# falls entirely outside daylight-saving time; and with fall-back
896 -# transitions removed for 2036-2037, where the normal fall-back
897 -# date falls during the estimated Ramadan. Normally, the table would
898 -# stop after 2037 because 32-bit time_t values roll around early in 2038,
899 -# but that would imply a prediction of perpetual DST after March 2038
900 -# due to the year-2037 glitches. So, this table instead stops after
901 -# 2038, the first non-glitchy year after the 32-bit rollover.
902 -# An advantage of stopping after 2038 is that it lets zic guess
903 -# TZ='WET0WEST,M3.5.0,M10.5.0/3' for time stamps far in the future.
904 876
905 877 # RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
906 878
907 879 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S
908 880 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 -
909 881 Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S
910 882 Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 -
911 883 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S
912 884 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 -
913 885 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S
914 886 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
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915 887 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S
916 888 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
917 889 Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
918 890 Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
919 891 Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
920 892 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
921 893 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 -
922 894 Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
923 895 Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
924 896 Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
925 -Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 -
897 +Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 -
926 898 Rule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
927 899 Rule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 -
928 900 Rule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
929 -Rule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0 0 -
930 -Rule Morocco 2012 2013 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
931 -Rule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
932 -Rule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 -
933 -Rule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 S
934 -Rule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 -
935 -Rule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 S
936 -Rule Morocco 2013 2035 - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 -
937 -Rule Morocco 2014 2022 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
938 -Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 29 3:00 0 -
939 -Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jul 29 2:00 1:00 S
940 -Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 18 3:00 0 -
941 -Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 18 2:00 1:00 S
942 -Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 7 3:00 0 -
943 -Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 7 2:00 1:00 S
944 -Rule Morocco 2017 only - May 27 3:00 0 -
945 -Rule Morocco 2017 only - Jun 26 2:00 1:00 S
946 -Rule Morocco 2018 only - May 16 3:00 0 -
947 -Rule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 15 2:00 1:00 S
948 -Rule Morocco 2019 only - May 6 3:00 0 -
949 -Rule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 5 2:00 1:00 S
950 -Rule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 24 3:00 0 -
951 -Rule Morocco 2020 only - May 24 2:00 1:00 S
952 -Rule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 13 3:00 0 -
953 -Rule Morocco 2021 only - May 13 2:00 1:00 S
954 -Rule Morocco 2022 only - Apr 3 3:00 0 -
955 -Rule Morocco 2022 only - May 3 2:00 1:00 S
956 -Rule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 22 2:00 1:00 S
957 -Rule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 10 2:00 1:00 S
958 -Rule Morocco 2025 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
959 -Rule Morocco 2026 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
960 -Rule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 21 3:00 0 -
961 -Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 11 3:00 0 -
962 -Rule Morocco 2038 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
963 -Rule Morocco 2038 only - Oct 30 2:00 1:00 S
964 -Rule Morocco 2038 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 -
901 +Rule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0 0 -
902 +Rule Morocco 2012 2013 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
903 +Rule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
904 +Rule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 -
905 +Rule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 S
906 +Rule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 -
907 +Rule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 S
908 +Rule Morocco 2013 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 -
909 +Rule Morocco 2014 2022 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
910 +Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 28 3:00 0 -
911 +Rule Morocco 2014 only - Aug 2 2:00 1:00 S
912 +Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 13 3:00 0 -
913 +Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 18 2:00 1:00 S
914 +Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 4 3:00 0 -
915 +Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 9 2:00 1:00 S
916 +Rule Morocco 2017 only - May 20 3:00 0 -
917 +Rule Morocco 2017 only - Jul 1 2:00 1:00 S
918 +Rule Morocco 2018 only - May 12 3:00 0 -
919 +Rule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 16 2:00 1:00 S
920 +Rule Morocco 2019 only - May 4 3:00 0 -
921 +Rule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 8 2:00 1:00 S
922 +Rule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 18 3:00 0 -
923 +Rule Morocco 2020 only - May 30 2:00 1:00 S
924 +Rule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 10 3:00 0 -
925 +Rule Morocco 2021 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 S
926 +Rule Morocco 2022 only - Apr 2 3:00 0 -
927 +Rule Morocco 2022 only - May 7 2:00 1:00 S
928 +Rule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 22 2:00 1:00 S
929 +Rule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 13 2:00 1:00 S
930 +Rule Morocco 2025 only - Apr 5 2:00 1:00 S
931 +Rule Morocco 2026 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
932 +Rule Morocco 2035 only - Oct 27 3:00 0 -
933 +Rule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 18 3:00 0 -
934 +Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 10 3:00 0 -
965 935
966 936 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
967 937 Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26
968 938 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16
969 939 1:00 - CET 1986
970 940 0:00 Morocco WE%sT
971 941
972 942 # Western Sahara
973 943 #
974 944 # From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22):
975 945 # A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters
976 946 # ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as
977 947 # Morocco does.
978 948 #
979 949 # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23):
980 950 # Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT,
981 951 # since most of it was then controlled by Morocco.
982 952
983 -Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan
953 +Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan # El Aaiún
984 954 -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14
985 955 0:00 Morocco WE%sT
986 956
987 957 # Mozambique
958 +#
959 +# Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT.
960 +# Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree
961 +# http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
962 +# merely made it official?
963 +#
988 964 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
989 965 Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar
990 966 2:00 - CAT
991 967
992 968 # Namibia
993 969 # The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger.
994 970 # Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
995 971
996 -# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in
997 -# <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>:
972 +# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30):
973 +# http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html
998 974 # While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other
999 975 # settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there
1000 976 # rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of
1001 977 # Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of
1002 978 # the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest
1003 979 # of the country.
1004 980 #
1005 981 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31):
1006 982 # Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but
1007 983 # we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone.
1008 984
1009 985 # RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1010 986 Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
1011 987 Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
1012 988 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1013 989 Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
1014 - 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time
1015 - 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00
1016 - 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00
990 + 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time
991 + 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00
992 + 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00
1017 993 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence
1018 994 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3
1019 995 1:00 Namibia WA%sT
1020 996
1021 997 # Niger
1022 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1023 -Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912
1024 - -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26
1025 - 0:00 - GMT 1960
1026 - 1:00 - WAT
998 +# See Africa/Lagos.
1027 999
1028 1000 # Nigeria
1029 1001 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1030 1002 Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep
1031 1003 1:00 - WAT
1004 +Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Bangui # Central African Republic
1005 +Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Brazzaville # Rep. of the Congo
1006 +Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Douala # Cameroon
1007 +Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Kinshasa # Dem. Rep. of the Congo (west)
1008 +Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Libreville # Gabon
1009 +Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Luanda # Angola
1010 +Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Malabo # Equatorial Guinea
1011 +Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Niamey # Niger
1012 +Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Porto-Novo # Benin
1032 1013
1033 -# Reunion
1014 +# Réunion
1034 1015 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1035 -Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
1036 - 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time
1016 +Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
1017 + 4:00 - RET # Réunion Time
1037 1018 #
1038 -# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows.
1019 +# Crozet Islands also observes Réunion time; see the 'antarctica' file.
1020 +#
1021 +# Scattered Islands (Îles Éparses) administered from Réunion are as follows.
1039 1022 # The following information about them is taken from
1040 -# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French;
1041 -# no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
1023 +# Îles Éparses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22,
1024 +# in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
1042 1025 # We have no info about their time zone histories.
1043 1026 #
1044 1027 # Bassas da India - uninhabited
1045 1028 # Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
1046 1029 # Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
1047 1030 # Juan de Nova - uninhabited
1048 1031 # Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
1049 1032
1050 1033 # Rwanda
1051 1034 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1052 1035 Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun
1053 1036 2:00 - CAT
1054 1037
1055 1038 # St Helena
1056 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1057 -Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown
1058 - -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time
1059 - 0:00 - GMT
1039 +# See Africa/Abidjan.
1060 1040 # The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
1061 1041 # Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA
1062 -# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA
1042 +# Ascension: on GMT, say the USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA
1063 1043 # Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously):
1064 1044 # on GMT, says the CIA
1065 -# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT
1045 +# Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited
1066 1046
1067 -# Sao Tome and Principe
1068 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1069 -Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884
1070 - -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time
1071 - 0:00 - GMT
1072 -
1047 +# São Tomé and Príncipe
1073 1048 # Senegal
1074 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1075 -Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912
1076 - -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun
1077 - 0:00 - GMT
1049 +# See Africa/Abidjan.
1078 1050
1079 1051 # Seychelles
1080 1052 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1081 -Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria
1053 +Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria
1082 1054 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time
1083 1055 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
1084 1056 # Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
1085 1057 # Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
1086 1058 # in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know
1087 1059 # whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
1088 1060 # Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
1089 1061
1090 1062 # Sierra Leone
1091 -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1092 -# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1093 -Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST
1094 -Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT
1095 -Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST
1096 -Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT
1097 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1098 -Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882
1099 - -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time
1100 - -1:00 SL %s 1957
1101 - 0:00 SL %s
1063 +# See Africa/Abidjan.
1102 1064
1103 1065 # Somalia
1104 1066 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1105 1067 Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov
1106 1068 3:00 - EAT 1931
1107 1069 2:30 - BEAT 1957
1108 1070 3:00 - EAT
1109 1071
1110 1072 # South Africa
1111 1073 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1112 1074 Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 -
1113 1075 Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
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1114 1076 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1115 1077 Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
1116 1078 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar
1117 1079 2:00 SA SAST
1118 1080 # Marion and Prince Edward Is
1119 1081 # scientific station since 1947
1120 1082 # no information
1121 1083
1122 1084 # Sudan
1123 1085 #
1124 -# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html">
1125 -# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13)
1126 -# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:
1086 +# From <http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html>
1087 +# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13),
1088 +# also reported by Michaël De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:
1127 1089 # Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon
1128 1090 # Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for
1129 1091 # Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin.
1130 1092 #
1131 1093 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1132 1094 Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1133 1095 Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 -
1134 1096 Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
1135 1097 Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1136 1098 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1137 1099 Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931
1138 1100 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00
1139 1101 3:00 - EAT
1140 1102
1141 1103 # South Sudan
1142 1104 Link Africa/Khartoum Africa/Juba
1143 1105
1144 1106 # Swaziland
1145 1107 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1146 1108 Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar
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1147 1109 2:00 - SAST
1148 1110
1149 1111 # Tanzania
1150 1112 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1151 1113 Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931
1152 1114 3:00 - EAT 1948
1153 1115 2:45 - BEAUT 1961
1154 1116 3:00 - EAT
1155 1117
1156 1118 # Togo
1157 -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1158 -Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893
1159 - 0:00 - GMT
1119 +# See Africa/Abidjan.
1160 1120
1161 1121 # Tunisia
1162 1122
1163 1123 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30):
1164 -# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,
1124 +# My correspondent, Risto Nykänen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,
1165 1125 # this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News
1166 1126 # <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP
1167 1127 # and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by
1168 1128 # one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be
1169 1129 # UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next
1170 1130 # Saturday." (My translation)
1171 1131 #
1172 1132 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02):
1173 -# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ...
1174 -# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html>
1133 +# La Presse, the first national daily newspaper ...
1134 +# http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html
1175 1135 # ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30,
1176 1136 # 1h standard time.
1177 1137 #
1178 1138 # From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28):
1179 1139 # The daylight saving time will be the same each year:
1180 1140 # Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00
1181 1141 # Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ...
1182 1142 # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50
1183 1143
1184 1144 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16):
1185 1145 # According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year.
1186 1146 # (Arabic)
1187 -# <a href="http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546">
1188 1147 # http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546
1189 -# </a>
1190 -# <a href="http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp">
1191 1148 # http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp
1192 -# </a>
1193 1149 #
1194 1150 # We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia.
1195 1151 # We have a wrap-up about this on the following page:
1196 -# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html">
1197 1152 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html
1198 -# </a>
1199 1153
1200 1154 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):
1201 1155 # Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency
1202 1156 #
1203 1157 # Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn):
1204 1158 #
1205 1159 # (in English)
1206 -# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157">
1207 1160 # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157
1208 -# </a>
1209 1161 #
1210 1162 # (in Arabic)
1211 -# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1">
1212 1163 # http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1
1213 -# </a>
1214 1164
1215 -# From Arthur David Olson (2009--3-18):
1216 -# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is due to the fact
1217 -# that the fasting month of ramadan coincides with the period concerned by summer time.
1218 -# Therefore, the standard time will be kept unchanged the whole year long."
1219 -# So foregoing DST seems to be an exception (albeit one that may be repeated in the future).
1165 +# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-18):
1166 +# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is
1167 +# due to the fact that the fasting month of Ramadan coincides with the period
1168 +# concerned by summer time. Therefore, the standard time will be kept
1169 +# unchanged the whole year long." So foregoing DST seems to be an exception
1170 +# (albeit one that may be repeated in the future).
1220 1171
1221 1172 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27):
1222 1173 # According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010
1223 1174 #
1224 1175 # (translation):
1225 1176 # "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on
1226 1177 # Sunday...
1227 1178 # Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also
1228 1179 # coincided with the month of Ramadan..."
1229 1180 #
1230 1181 # (in Arabic)
1231 -# <a href="http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1">
1232 1182 # http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1
1233 -# <a href="http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036">
1234 1183 # http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036
1235 -# or
1236 -# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html">
1237 1184 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html
1238 1185
1239 1186 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1240 1187 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
1241 1188 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
1242 1189 Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S
1243 1190 Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 -
1244 1191 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S
1245 1192 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 -
1246 1193 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S
1247 1194 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 -
1248 1195 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S
1249 1196 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
1250 1197 Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
1251 1198 Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
1252 1199 Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
1253 1200 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S
1254 1201 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 -
1255 1202 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
1256 1203 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -
1257 1204 Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S
1258 1205 Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 -
1259 1206 Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S
1260 1207 Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
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1261 1208 Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
1262 1209 Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 -
1263 1210 Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
1264 1211 Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
1265 1212
1266 1213 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
1267 1214 # more precise 0:09:21.
1268 1215 # Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
1269 1216 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1270 1217 Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12
1271 - 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
1218 + 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
1272 1219 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT
1273 1220
1274 1221 # Uganda
1275 1222 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1276 1223 Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul
1277 1224 3:00 - EAT 1930
1278 1225 2:30 - BEAT 1948
1279 1226 2:45 - BEAUT 1957
1280 1227 3:00 - EAT
1281 1228
1282 1229 # Zambia
1283 1230 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1284 1231 Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar
1285 1232 2:00 - CAT
1286 1233
1287 1234 # Zimbabwe
1288 1235 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1289 1236 Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar
1290 1237 2:00 - CAT
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