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          --- old/usr/src/data/zoneinfo/southamerica
          +++ new/usr/src/data/zoneinfo/southamerica
   1    1  # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
   2    2  # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
   3    3  
   4    4  # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
   5    5  # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
   6    6  # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
   7    7  # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
   8    8  
   9      -# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
        9 +# From Paul Eggert (2016-12-05):
  10   10  #
  11   11  # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
  12   12  # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
  13   13  # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
  14   14  # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
  15   15  #
  16      -# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
  17      -# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
       16 +# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
       17 +# for time zone data was the International Air Transport
  18   18  # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
  19   19  # published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
  20   20  # of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,
  21   21  # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
  22   22  #
  23   23  # For data circa 1899, a common source is:
  24   24  # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
  25   25  # http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
  26   26  #
  27      -# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
  28      -# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
  29      -# suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
  30      -#       I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
  31      -#       _daylight-saving time_.  _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
  32      -#       in Europe and South America.
  33      -#       -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
  34      -#       H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
  35      -#
  36      -# Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
  37      -# for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
  38      -# "summer time".  Reinaldo Goulart, a São Paulo businessman active in
  39      -# the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
  40      -#       The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
  41      -#       Brazil.  Let's say that "the Brasília time" is considered the
  42      -#       "official time" because Brasília is the capital city.
  43      -#       The other three time zones are called "Brasília time "minus one" or
  44      -#       "plus one" or "plus two".  As far as I know there is no such
  45      -#       name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
  46      -# So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
  47      -# Corrections are welcome!
  48      -#               std     dst
  49      -#       -2:00   FNT     FNST    Fernando de Noronha
  50      -#       -3:00   BRT     BRST    Brasília
  51      -#       -4:00   AMT     AMST    Amazon
  52      -#       -5:00   ACT     ACST    Acre
       27 +# These tables use numeric abbreviations like -03 and -0330 for
       28 +# integer hour and minute UTC offsets.  Although earlier editions used
       29 +# alphabetic time zone abbreviations, these abbreviations were
       30 +# invented and did not reflect common practice.
  53   31  
  54   32  ###############################################################################
  55   33  
  56   34  ###############################################################################
  57   35  
  58   36  # Argentina
  59   37  
  60   38  # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
  61   39  # Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
  62   40  # Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974.  Switches at midnight.
↓ open down ↓ 314 lines elided ↑ open up ↑
 377  355  #
 378  356  # The problem is that the changes in the rest of the Provinces that did
 379  357  # change in 2007/2008, were made according to the Federal Law and Decrees
 380  358  # that did so on the 3rd Sunday of October and March.
 381  359  #
 382  360  # In fact, San Luis actually switched from UTC-4 to UTC-3 last Sunday
 383  361  # (October 11th) at 0:00.
 384  362  #
 385  363  # So I guess a new set of rules, besides "Arg", must be made and the last
 386  364  # America/Argentina/San_Luis entries should change to use these...
 387      -#
 388      -# I'm enclosing a patch that does what I say... regretfully, the San Luis
 389      -# timezone must be called "WART/WARST" even when most of the time (like,
 390      -# right now) WARST == ART... that is, since last Sunday, all the country
 391      -# is using UTC-3, but in my patch, San Luis calls it "WARST" and the rest
 392      -# of the country calls it "ART".
 393  365  # ...
 394  366  
 395  367  # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-09):
 396  368  # According to news reports from El Diario de la República Province San
 397  369  # Luis, Argentina (standard time UTC-04) will keep Daylight Saving Time
 398  370  # after April 11, 2010 - will continue to have same time as rest of
 399  371  # Argentina (UTC-3) (no DST).
 400  372  #
 401  373  # Confirmaron la prórroga del huso horario de verano (Spanish)
 402  374  # http://www.eldiariodelarepublica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=29383&Itemid=9
↓ open down ↓ 18 lines elided ↑ open up ↑
 421  393  # setting for time stamps past 2038.
 422  394  
 423  395  # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
 424  396  # Milne says Córdoba time was -4:16:48.2.  Round to the nearest second.
 425  397  
 426  398  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 427  399  #
 428  400  # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
 429  401  Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT      1894 Oct 31
 430  402                          -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May    # Córdoba Mean Time
 431      -                        -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 432      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 433      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 434      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 435      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT
      403 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
      404 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
      405 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
      406 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
      407 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02
 436  408  #
 437  409  # Córdoba (CB), Santa Fe (SF), Entre Ríos (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN),
 438  410  # Chaco (CC), Formosa (FM), Santiago del Estero (SE)
 439  411  #
 440  412  # Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified:
 441  413  # - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
 442  414  # - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
 443  415  # - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
 444  416  # - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
 445  417  #   then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.
 446  418  #
 447  419  Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT   1894 Oct 31
 448  420                          -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 449      -                        -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 450      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 451      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1991 Mar  3
 452      -                        -4:00   -       WART    1991 Oct 20
 453      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 454      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 455      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT
      421 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
      422 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
      423 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1991 Mar  3
      424 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1991 Oct 20
      425 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
      426 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
      427 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02
 456  428  #
 457  429  # Salta (SA), La Pampa (LP), Neuquén (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
 458  430  Zone America/Argentina/Salta -4:21:40 - LMT     1894 Oct 31
 459  431                          -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 460      -                        -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 461      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 462      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1991 Mar  3
 463      -                        -4:00   -       WART    1991 Oct 20
 464      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 465      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 466      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 467      -                        -3:00   -       ART
      432 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
      433 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
      434 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1991 Mar  3
      435 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1991 Oct 20
      436 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
      437 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
      438 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
      439 +                        -3:00   -       -03
 468  440  #
 469  441  # Tucumán (TM)
 470  442  Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT   1894 Oct 31
 471  443                          -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 472      -                        -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 473      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 474      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1991 Mar  3
 475      -                        -4:00   -       WART    1991 Oct 20
 476      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 477      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 478      -                        -3:00   -       ART     2004 Jun  1
 479      -                        -4:00   -       WART    2004 Jun 13
 480      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT
      444 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
      445 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
      446 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1991 Mar  3
      447 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1991 Oct 20
      448 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
      449 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
      450 +                        -3:00   -       -03     2004 Jun  1
      451 +                        -4:00   -       -04     2004 Jun 13
      452 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02
 481  453  #
 482  454  # La Rioja (LR)
 483  455  Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT  1894 Oct 31
 484  456                          -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 485      -                        -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 486      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 487      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1991 Mar  1
 488      -                        -4:00   -       WART    1991 May  7
 489      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 490      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 491      -                        -3:00   -       ART     2004 Jun  1
 492      -                        -4:00   -       WART    2004 Jun 20
 493      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 494      -                        -3:00   -       ART
      457 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
      458 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
      459 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1991 Mar  1
      460 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1991 May  7
      461 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
      462 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
      463 +                        -3:00   -       -03     2004 Jun  1
      464 +                        -4:00   -       -04     2004 Jun 20
      465 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
      466 +                        -3:00   -       -03
 495  467  #
 496  468  # San Juan (SJ)
 497  469  Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT  1894 Oct 31
 498  470                          -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 499      -                        -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 500      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 501      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1991 Mar  1
 502      -                        -4:00   -       WART    1991 May  7
 503      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 504      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 505      -                        -3:00   -       ART     2004 May 31
 506      -                        -4:00   -       WART    2004 Jul 25
 507      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 508      -                        -3:00   -       ART
      471 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
      472 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
      473 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1991 Mar  1
      474 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1991 May  7
      475 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
      476 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
      477 +                        -3:00   -       -03     2004 May 31
      478 +                        -4:00   -       -04     2004 Jul 25
      479 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
      480 +                        -3:00   -       -03
 509  481  #
 510  482  # Jujuy (JY)
 511  483  Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT     1894 Oct 31
 512  484                          -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 513      -                        -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 514      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 515      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1990 Mar  4
 516      -                        -4:00   -       WART    1990 Oct 28
 517      -                        -4:00   1:00    WARST   1991 Mar 17
 518      -                        -4:00   -       WART    1991 Oct  6
 519      -                        -3:00   1:00    ARST    1992
 520      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 521      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 522      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 523      -                        -3:00   -       ART
      485 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
      486 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
      487 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1990 Mar  4
      488 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1990 Oct 28
      489 +                        -4:00   1:00    -03     1991 Mar 17
      490 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1991 Oct  6
      491 +                        -3:00   1:00    -02     1992
      492 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
      493 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
      494 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
      495 +                        -3:00   -       -03
 524  496  #
 525  497  # Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
 526  498  Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
 527  499                          -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 528      -                        -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 529      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 530      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1991 Mar  3
 531      -                        -4:00   -       WART    1991 Oct 20
 532      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 533      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 534      -                        -3:00   -       ART     2004 Jun  1
 535      -                        -4:00   -       WART    2004 Jun 20
 536      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 537      -                        -3:00   -       ART
      500 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
      501 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
      502 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1991 Mar  3
      503 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1991 Oct 20
      504 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
      505 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
      506 +                        -3:00   -       -03     2004 Jun  1
      507 +                        -4:00   -       -04     2004 Jun 20
      508 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
      509 +                        -3:00   -       -03
 538  510  #
 539  511  # Mendoza (MZ)
 540  512  Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT   1894 Oct 31
 541  513                          -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 542      -                        -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 543      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 544      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1990 Mar  4
 545      -                        -4:00   -       WART    1990 Oct 15
 546      -                        -4:00   1:00    WARST   1991 Mar  1
 547      -                        -4:00   -       WART    1991 Oct 15
 548      -                        -4:00   1:00    WARST   1992 Mar  1
 549      -                        -4:00   -       WART    1992 Oct 18
 550      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 551      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 552      -                        -3:00   -       ART     2004 May 23
 553      -                        -4:00   -       WART    2004 Sep 26
 554      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 555      -                        -3:00   -       ART
      514 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
      515 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
      516 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1990 Mar  4
      517 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1990 Oct 15
      518 +                        -4:00   1:00    -03     1991 Mar  1
      519 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1991 Oct 15
      520 +                        -4:00   1:00    -03     1992 Mar  1
      521 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1992 Oct 18
      522 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
      523 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
      524 +                        -3:00   -       -03     2004 May 23
      525 +                        -4:00   -       -04     2004 Sep 26
      526 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
      527 +                        -3:00   -       -03
 556  528  #
 557  529  # San Luis (SL)
 558  530  
 559  531  Rule    SanLuis 2008    2009    -       Mar     Sun>=8  0:00    0       -
 560  532  Rule    SanLuis 2007    2008    -       Oct     Sun>=8  0:00    1:00    S
 561  533  
 562  534  Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT  1894 Oct 31
 563  535                          -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 564      -                        -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 565      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 566      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1990
 567      -                        -3:00   1:00    ARST    1990 Mar 14
 568      -                        -4:00   -       WART    1990 Oct 15
 569      -                        -4:00   1:00    WARST   1991 Mar  1
 570      -                        -4:00   -       WART    1991 Jun  1
 571      -                        -3:00   -       ART     1999 Oct  3
 572      -                        -4:00   1:00    WARST   2000 Mar  3
 573      -                        -3:00   -       ART     2004 May 31
 574      -                        -4:00   -       WART    2004 Jul 25
 575      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Jan 21
 576      -                        -4:00   SanLuis WAR%sT  2009 Oct 11
 577      -                        -3:00   -       ART
      536 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
      537 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
      538 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1990
      539 +                        -3:00   1:00    -02     1990 Mar 14
      540 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1990 Oct 15
      541 +                        -4:00   1:00    -03     1991 Mar  1
      542 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1991 Jun  1
      543 +                        -3:00   -       -03     1999 Oct  3
      544 +                        -4:00   1:00    -03     2000 Mar  3
      545 +                        -3:00   -       -03     2004 May 31
      546 +                        -4:00   -       -04     2004 Jul 25
      547 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 2008 Jan 21
      548 +                        -4:00   SanLuis -04/-03 2009 Oct 11
      549 +                        -3:00   -       -03
 578  550  #
 579  551  # Santa Cruz (SC)
 580  552  Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT      1894 Oct 31
 581      -                        -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May    # Córdoba Mean Time
 582      -                        -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 583      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 584      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 585      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 586      -                        -3:00   -       ART     2004 Jun  1
 587      -                        -4:00   -       WART    2004 Jun 20
 588      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 589      -                        -3:00   -       ART
      553 +                        -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
      554 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
      555 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
      556 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
      557 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
      558 +                        -3:00   -       -03     2004 Jun  1
      559 +                        -4:00   -       -04     2004 Jun 20
      560 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
      561 +                        -3:00   -       -03
 590  562  #
 591  563  # Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur (TF)
 592  564  Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT   1894 Oct 31
 593      -                        -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May    # Córdoba Mean Time
 594      -                        -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 595      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 596      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 597      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 598      -                        -3:00   -       ART     2004 May 30
 599      -                        -4:00   -       WART    2004 Jun 20
 600      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 601      -                        -3:00   -       ART
      565 +                        -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
      566 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
      567 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
      568 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
      569 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
      570 +                        -3:00   -       -03     2004 May 30
      571 +                        -4:00   -       -04     2004 Jun 20
      572 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
      573 +                        -3:00   -       -03
 602  574  
 603  575  # Aruba
 604  576  Link America/Curacao America/Aruba
 605  577  
 606  578  # Bolivia
 607  579  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 608  580  Zone    America/La_Paz  -4:32:36 -      LMT     1890
 609  581                          -4:32:36 -      CMT     1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
 610  582                          -4:32:36 1:00   BOST    1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
 611      -                        -4:00   -       BOT     # Bolivia Time
      583 +                        -4:00   -       -04
 612  584  
 613  585  # Brazil
 614  586  
 615  587  # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
 616  588  # The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
 617  589  # just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
 618  590  # The rule change lasted only part of the day;
 619  591  # the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
 620  592  # was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
 621  593  
↓ open down ↓ 331 lines elided ↑ open up ↑
 953  925  # The next is wrong in some years but is better than nothing.
 954  926  Rule    Brazil  2038    max     -       Feb     Sun>=15 0:00    0       -
 955  927  
 956  928  # The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST:
 957  929  # DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP.
 958  930  
 959  931  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 960  932  #
 961  933  # Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE)
 962  934  Zone America/Noronha    -2:09:40 -      LMT     1914
 963      -                        -2:00   Brazil  FN%sT   1990 Sep 17
 964      -                        -2:00   -       FNT     1999 Sep 30
 965      -                        -2:00   Brazil  FN%sT   2000 Oct 15
 966      -                        -2:00   -       FNT     2001 Sep 13
 967      -                        -2:00   Brazil  FN%sT   2002 Oct  1
 968      -                        -2:00   -       FNT
      935 +                        -2:00   Brazil  -02/-01 1990 Sep 17
      936 +                        -2:00   -       -02     1999 Sep 30
      937 +                        -2:00   Brazil  -02/-01 2000 Oct 15
      938 +                        -2:00   -       -02     2001 Sep 13
      939 +                        -2:00   Brazil  -02/-01 2002 Oct  1
      940 +                        -2:00   -       -02
 969  941  # Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement.
 970  942  # These include Trindade and Martim Vaz (administratively part of ES),
 971  943  # Rocas Atoll (RN), and the St Peter and St Paul Archipelago (PE).
 972  944  # Fernando de Noronha was a separate territory from 1942-09-02 to 1989-01-01;
 973  945  # it also included the Penedos.
 974  946  #
 975  947  # Amapá (AP), east Pará (PA)
 976  948  # East Pará includes Belém, Marabá, Serra Norte, and São Félix do Xingu.
 977  949  # The division between east and west Pará is the river Xingu.
 978  950  # In the north a very small part from the river Javary (now Jari I guess,
 979  951  # the border with Amapá) to the Amazon, then to the Xingu.
 980  952  Zone America/Belem      -3:13:56 -      LMT     1914
 981      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   1988 Sep 12
 982      -                        -3:00   -       BRT
      953 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 1988 Sep 12
      954 +                        -3:00   -       -03
 983  955  #
 984  956  # west Pará (PA)
 985  957  # West Pará includes Altamira, Óbidos, Prainha, Oriximiná, and Santarém.
 986  958  Zone America/Santarem   -3:38:48 -      LMT     1914
 987      -                        -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT   1988 Sep 12
 988      -                        -4:00   -       AMT     2008 Jun 24  0:00
 989      -                        -3:00   -       BRT
      959 +                        -4:00   Brazil  -04/-03 1988 Sep 12
      960 +                        -4:00   -       -04     2008 Jun 24  0:00
      961 +                        -3:00   -       -03
 990  962  #
 991  963  # Maranhão (MA), Piauí (PI), Ceará (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
 992  964  # Paraíba (PB)
 993  965  Zone America/Fortaleza  -2:34:00 -      LMT     1914
 994      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   1990 Sep 17
 995      -                        -3:00   -       BRT     1999 Sep 30
 996      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2000 Oct 22
 997      -                        -3:00   -       BRT     2001 Sep 13
 998      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2002 Oct  1
 999      -                        -3:00   -       BRT
      966 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 1990 Sep 17
      967 +                        -3:00   -       -03     1999 Sep 30
      968 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 2000 Oct 22
      969 +                        -3:00   -       -03     2001 Sep 13
      970 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 2002 Oct  1
      971 +                        -3:00   -       -03
1000  972  #
1001  973  # Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
1002  974  Zone America/Recife     -2:19:36 -      LMT     1914
1003      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   1990 Sep 17
1004      -                        -3:00   -       BRT     1999 Sep 30
1005      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2000 Oct 15
1006      -                        -3:00   -       BRT     2001 Sep 13
1007      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2002 Oct  1
1008      -                        -3:00   -       BRT
      975 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 1990 Sep 17
      976 +                        -3:00   -       -03     1999 Sep 30
      977 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 2000 Oct 15
      978 +                        -3:00   -       -03     2001 Sep 13
      979 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 2002 Oct  1
      980 +                        -3:00   -       -03
1009  981  #
1010  982  # Tocantins (TO)
1011  983  Zone America/Araguaina  -3:12:48 -      LMT     1914
1012      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   1990 Sep 17
1013      -                        -3:00   -       BRT     1995 Sep 14
1014      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2003 Sep 24
1015      -                        -3:00   -       BRT     2012 Oct 21
1016      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2013 Sep
1017      -                        -3:00   -       BRT
      984 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 1990 Sep 17
      985 +                        -3:00   -       -03     1995 Sep 14
      986 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 2003 Sep 24
      987 +                        -3:00   -       -03     2012 Oct 21
      988 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 2013 Sep
      989 +                        -3:00   -       -03
1018  990  #
1019  991  # Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
1020  992  Zone America/Maceio     -2:22:52 -      LMT     1914
1021      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   1990 Sep 17
1022      -                        -3:00   -       BRT     1995 Oct 13
1023      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   1996 Sep  4
1024      -                        -3:00   -       BRT     1999 Sep 30
1025      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2000 Oct 22
1026      -                        -3:00   -       BRT     2001 Sep 13
1027      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2002 Oct  1
1028      -                        -3:00   -       BRT
      993 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 1990 Sep 17
      994 +                        -3:00   -       -03     1995 Oct 13
      995 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 1996 Sep  4
      996 +                        -3:00   -       -03     1999 Sep 30
      997 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 2000 Oct 22
      998 +                        -3:00   -       -03     2001 Sep 13
      999 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 2002 Oct  1
     1000 +                        -3:00   -       -03
1029 1001  #
1030 1002  # Bahia (BA)
1031 1003  # There are too many Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/Bahia instead
1032 1004  # of America/Salvador.
1033 1005  Zone America/Bahia      -2:34:04 -      LMT     1914
1034      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2003 Sep 24
1035      -                        -3:00   -       BRT     2011 Oct 16
1036      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2012 Oct 21
1037      -                        -3:00   -       BRT
     1006 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 2003 Sep 24
     1007 +                        -3:00   -       -03     2011 Oct 16
     1008 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 2012 Oct 21
     1009 +                        -3:00   -       -03
1038 1010  #
1039 1011  # Goiás (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
1040 1012  # Espírito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), São Paulo (SP), Paraná (PR),
1041 1013  # Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
1042 1014  Zone America/Sao_Paulo  -3:06:28 -      LMT     1914
1043      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   1963 Oct 23  0:00
1044      -                        -3:00   1:00    BRST    1964
1045      -                        -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT
     1015 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02 1963 Oct 23  0:00
     1016 +                        -3:00   1:00    -02     1964
     1017 +                        -3:00   Brazil  -03/-02
1046 1018  #
1047 1019  # Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
1048 1020  Zone America/Campo_Grande -3:38:28 -    LMT     1914
1049      -                        -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT
     1021 +                        -4:00   Brazil  -04/-03
1050 1022  #
1051 1023  # Mato Grosso (MT)
1052 1024  Zone America/Cuiaba     -3:44:20 -      LMT     1914
1053      -                        -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT   2003 Sep 24
1054      -                        -4:00   -       AMT     2004 Oct  1
1055      -                        -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT
     1025 +                        -4:00   Brazil  -04/-03 2003 Sep 24
     1026 +                        -4:00   -       -04     2004 Oct  1
     1027 +                        -4:00   Brazil  -04/-03
1056 1028  #
1057 1029  # Rondônia (RO)
1058 1030  Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 -     LMT     1914
1059      -                        -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT   1988 Sep 12
1060      -                        -4:00   -       AMT
     1031 +                        -4:00   Brazil  -04/-03 1988 Sep 12
     1032 +                        -4:00   -       -04
1061 1033  #
1062 1034  # Roraima (RR)
1063 1035  Zone America/Boa_Vista  -4:02:40 -      LMT     1914
1064      -                        -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT   1988 Sep 12
1065      -                        -4:00   -       AMT     1999 Sep 30
1066      -                        -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT   2000 Oct 15
1067      -                        -4:00   -       AMT
     1036 +                        -4:00   Brazil  -04/-03 1988 Sep 12
     1037 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1999 Sep 30
     1038 +                        -4:00   Brazil  -04/-03 2000 Oct 15
     1039 +                        -4:00   -       -04
1068 1040  #
1069 1041  # east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutaí, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
1070 1042  # The great circle line from Tabatinga to Porto Acre divides
1071 1043  # east from west Amazonas.
1072 1044  Zone America/Manaus     -4:00:04 -      LMT     1914
1073      -                        -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT   1988 Sep 12
1074      -                        -4:00   -       AMT     1993 Sep 28
1075      -                        -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT   1994 Sep 22
1076      -                        -4:00   -       AMT
     1045 +                        -4:00   Brazil  -04/-03 1988 Sep 12
     1046 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1993 Sep 28
     1047 +                        -4:00   Brazil  -04/-03 1994 Sep 22
     1048 +                        -4:00   -       -04
1077 1049  #
1078 1050  # west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
1079 1051  #       Eirunepé, Envira, Ipixuna
1080 1052  Zone America/Eirunepe   -4:39:28 -      LMT     1914
1081      -                        -5:00   Brazil  AC%sT   1988 Sep 12
1082      -                        -5:00   -       ACT     1993 Sep 28
1083      -                        -5:00   Brazil  AC%sT   1994 Sep 22
1084      -                        -5:00   -       ACT     2008 Jun 24  0:00
1085      -                        -4:00   -       AMT     2013 Nov 10
1086      -                        -5:00   -       ACT
     1053 +                        -5:00   Brazil  -05/-04 1988 Sep 12
     1054 +                        -5:00   -       -05     1993 Sep 28
     1055 +                        -5:00   Brazil  -05/-04 1994 Sep 22
     1056 +                        -5:00   -       -05     2008 Jun 24  0:00
     1057 +                        -4:00   -       -04     2013 Nov 10
     1058 +                        -5:00   -       -05
1087 1059  #
1088 1060  # Acre (AC)
1089 1061  Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 -      LMT     1914
1090      -                        -5:00   Brazil  AC%sT   1988 Sep 12
1091      -                        -5:00   -       ACT     2008 Jun 24  0:00
1092      -                        -4:00   -       AMT     2013 Nov 10
1093      -                        -5:00   -       ACT
     1062 +                        -5:00   Brazil  -05/-04 1988 Sep 12
     1063 +                        -5:00   -       -05     2008 Jun 24  0:00
     1064 +                        -4:00   -       -04     2013 Nov 10
     1065 +                        -5:00   -       -05
1094 1066  
1095 1067  # Chile
1096 1068  
1097 1069  # From Paul Eggert (2015-04-03):
1098 1070  # Shanks & Pottenger says America/Santiago introduced standard time in
1099 1071  # 1890 and rounds its UTC offset to 70W40; guess that in practice this
1100 1072  # was the same offset as in 1916-1919.  It also says Pacific/Easter
1101 1073  # standardized on 109W22 in 1890; assume this didn't change the clocks.
1102 1074  #
1103 1075  # Dates for America/Santiago from 1910 to 2004 are primarily from
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1228 1200  # It does consider the second Saturday of May and August as the dates
1229 1201  # for the transition; and it lists DST dates until 2019, but I think
1230 1202  # this scheme will stick.
1231 1203  #
1232 1204  # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
1233 1205  # For now, assume the pattern holds for the indefinite future.
1234 1206  # The decree says transitions occur at 24:00; in practice this appears
1235 1207  # to mean 24:00 mainland time, not 24:00 local time, so that Easter
1236 1208  # Island is always two hours behind the mainland.
1237 1209  
     1210 +# From Juan Correa (2016-12-04):
     1211 +# Magallanes region ... will keep DST (UTC -3) all year round....
     1212 +# http://www.soychile.cl/Santiago/Sociedad/2016/12/04/433428/Bachelet-firmo-el-decreto-para-establecer-un-horario-unico-para-la-Region-de-Magallanes.aspx
     1213 +#
     1214 +# From Deborah Goldsmith (2017-01-19):
     1215 +# http://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2017/01/17/41660/01/1169626.pdf
     1216 +# From Paul Eggert (2017-01-19):
     1217 +# The above says the Magallanes change expires 2019-05-11 at 24:00,
     1218 +# so in theory, they will revert to -04/-03 after that, which means
     1219 +# they will switch from -03 to -04 one hour after Santiago does that day.
     1220 +# For now, assume that they will not revert.
     1221 +
1238 1222  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1239 1223  Rule    Chile   1927    1931    -       Sep      1      0:00    1:00    S
1240 1224  Rule    Chile   1928    1932    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1241 1225  Rule    Chile   1968    only    -       Nov      3      4:00u   1:00    S
1242 1226  Rule    Chile   1969    only    -       Mar     30      3:00u   0       -
1243 1227  Rule    Chile   1969    only    -       Nov     23      4:00u   1:00    S
1244 1228  Rule    Chile   1970    only    -       Mar     29      3:00u   0       -
1245 1229  Rule    Chile   1971    only    -       Mar     14      3:00u   0       -
1246 1230  Rule    Chile   1970    1972    -       Oct     Sun>=9  4:00u   1:00    S
1247 1231  Rule    Chile   1972    1986    -       Mar     Sun>=9  3:00u   0       -
↓ open down ↓ 20 lines elided ↑ open up ↑
1268 1252  Rule    Chile   2011    only    -       Aug     Sun>=16 4:00u   1:00    S
1269 1253  Rule    Chile   2012    2014    -       Apr     Sun>=23 3:00u   0       -
1270 1254  Rule    Chile   2012    2014    -       Sep     Sun>=2  4:00u   1:00    S
1271 1255  Rule    Chile   2016    max     -       May     Sun>=9  3:00u   0       -
1272 1256  Rule    Chile   2016    max     -       Aug     Sun>=9  4:00u   1:00    S
1273 1257  # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
1274 1258  # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08.  Ignore these.
1275 1259  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1276 1260  Zone America/Santiago   -4:42:46 -      LMT     1890
1277 1261                          -4:42:46 -      SMT     1910 Jan 10 # Santiago Mean Time
1278      -                        -5:00   -       CLT     1916 Jul  1 # Chile Time
     1262 +                        -5:00   -       -05     1916 Jul  1
1279 1263                          -4:42:46 -      SMT     1918 Sep 10
1280      -                        -4:00   -       CLT     1919 Jul  1
     1264 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1919 Jul  1
1281 1265                          -4:42:46 -      SMT     1927 Sep  1
1282      -                        -5:00   Chile   CL%sT   1932 Sep  1
1283      -                        -4:00   -       CLT     1942 Jun  1
1284      -                        -5:00   -       CLT     1942 Aug  1
1285      -                        -4:00   -       CLT     1946 Jul 15
1286      -                        -4:00   1:00    CLST    1946 Sep  1 # central Chile
1287      -                        -4:00   -       CLT     1947 Apr  1
1288      -                        -5:00   -       CLT     1947 May 21 23:00
1289      -                        -4:00   Chile   CL%sT
     1266 +                        -5:00   Chile   -05/-04 1932 Sep  1
     1267 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1942 Jun  1
     1268 +                        -5:00   -       -05     1942 Aug  1
     1269 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1946 Jul 15
     1270 +                        -4:00   1:00    -03     1946 Sep  1 # central Chile
     1271 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1947 Apr  1
     1272 +                        -5:00   -       -05     1947 May 21 23:00
     1273 +                        -4:00   Chile   -04/-03
     1274 +Zone America/Punta_Arenas -4:43:40 -    LMT     1890
     1275 +                        -4:42:46 -      SMT     1910 Jan 10
     1276 +                        -5:00   -       -05     1916 Jul  1
     1277 +                        -4:42:46 -      SMT     1918 Sep 10
     1278 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1919 Jul  1
     1279 +                        -4:42:46 -      SMT     1927 Sep  1
     1280 +                        -5:00   Chile   -05/-04 1932 Sep  1
     1281 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1942 Jun  1
     1282 +                        -5:00   -       -05     1942 Aug  1
     1283 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1947 Apr  1
     1284 +                        -5:00   -       -05     1947 May 21 23:00
     1285 +                        -4:00   Chile   -04/-03 2016 Dec  4
     1286 +                        -3:00   -       -03
1290 1287  Zone Pacific/Easter     -7:17:28 -      LMT     1890
1291 1288                          -7:17:28 -      EMT     1932 Sep    # Easter Mean Time
1292      -                        -7:00   Chile   EAS%sT  1982 Mar 14 3:00u # Easter Time
1293      -                        -6:00   Chile   EAS%sT
     1289 +                        -7:00   Chile   -07/-06 1982 Mar 14 3:00u # Easter Time
     1290 +                        -6:00   Chile   -06/-05
1294 1291  #
1295 1292  # Salas y Gómez Island is uninhabited.
1296 1293  # Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernández Is, Desventuradas Is,
1297 1294  # and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
1298 1295  
1299 1296  # Antarctic base using South American rules
1300 1297  # (See the file 'antarctica' for more.)
1301 1298  #
1302 1299  # Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)
1303 1300  #
1304 1301  # From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06):
1305 1302  # It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us
1306 1303  # and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line....
1307 1304  # I verified with someone who was there that since 1980,
1308 1305  # Palmer has followed Chile.  Prior to that, before the Falklands War,
1309 1306  # Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.
1310 1307  #
1311 1308  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1312 1309  Zone Antarctica/Palmer  0       -       -00     1965
1313      -                        -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
1314      -                        -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1982 May
1315      -                        -4:00   Chile   CL%sT
     1310 +                        -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
     1311 +                        -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1982 May
     1312 +                        -4:00   Chile   -04/-03 2016 Dec  4
     1313 +                        -3:00   -       -03
1316 1314  
1317 1315  # Colombia
1318 1316  
1319 1317  # Milne gives 4:56:16.4 for Bogotá time in 1899; round to nearest.  He writes,
1320 1318  # "A variation of fifteen minutes in the public clocks of Bogota is not rare."
1321 1319  
1322 1320  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1323 1321  Rule    CO      1992    only    -       May      3      0:00    1:00    S
1324 1322  Rule    CO      1993    only    -       Apr      4      0:00    0       -
1325 1323  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1326 1324  Zone    America/Bogota  -4:56:16 -      LMT     1884 Mar 13
1327 1325                          -4:56:16 -      BMT     1914 Nov 23 # Bogotá Mean Time
1328      -                        -5:00   CO      CO%sT   # Colombia Time
     1326 +                        -5:00   CO      -05/-04
1329 1327  # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
1330 1328  # no information; probably like America/Bogota
1331 1329  
1332 1330  # Curaçao
1333 1331  
1334 1332  # Milne gives 4:35:46.9 for Curaçao mean time; round to nearest.
1335 1333  #
1336 1334  # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1337 1335  # Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at
1338 1336  # -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that
↓ open down ↓ 3 lines elided ↑ open up ↑
1342 1340  # This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
1343 1341  #
1344 1342  # By July 2007 Curaçao and St Maarten are planned to become
1345 1343  # associated states within the Netherlands, much like Aruba;
1346 1344  # Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius would become directly part of the
1347 1345  # Netherlands as Kingdom Islands.  This won't affect their time zones
1348 1346  # though, as far as we know.
1349 1347  #
1350 1348  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1351 1349  Zone    America/Curacao -4:35:47 -      LMT     1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
1352      -                        -4:30   -       ANT     1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
     1350 +                        -4:30   -       -0430   1965
1353 1351                          -4:00   -       AST
1354 1352  
1355 1353  # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15):
1356 1354  # use links for places with new iso3166 codes.
1357 1355  # The name "Lower Prince's Quarter" is both longer than fourteen characters
1358 1356  # and contains an apostrophe; use "Lower_Princes" below.
1359 1357  
1360 1358  Link    America/Curacao America/Lower_Princes   # Sint Maarten
1361 1359  Link    America/Curacao America/Kralendijk      # Caribbean Netherlands
1362 1360  
1363 1361  # Ecuador
1364 1362  #
1365 1363  # Milne says the Central and South American Telegraph Company used -5:24:15.
1366 1364  #
1367      -# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-04):
1368      -# Apparently Ecuador had a failed experiment with DST in 1992.
1369      -# <http://midena.gov.ec/content/view/1261/208/> (2007-02-27) and
1370      -# <http://www.hoy.com.ec/NoticiaNue.asp?row_id=249856> (2006-11-06) both
1371      -# talk about "hora Sixto".  Leave this alone for now, as we have no data.
     1365 +# From Alois Treindl (2016-12-15):
     1366 +# http://www.elcomercio.com/actualidad/hora-sixto-1993.html
     1367 +# ... Whether the law applied also to Galápagos, I do not know.
     1368 +# From Paul Eggert (2016-12-15):
     1369 +# http://www.elcomercio.com/afull/modificacion-husohorario-ecuador-presidentes-decreto.html
     1370 +# This says President Sixto Durán Ballén signed decree No. 285, which
     1371 +# established DST from 1992-11-28 to 1993-02-05; it does not give transition
     1372 +# times.  The people called it "hora de Sixto" ("Sixto hour").  The change did
     1373 +# not go over well; a popular song "Qué hora es" by Jaime Guevara had lyrics
     1374 +# that included "Amanecía en mitad de la noche, los guaguas iban a clase sin
     1375 +# sol" ("It was dawning in the middle of the night, the buses went to class
     1376 +# without sun").  Although Ballén's campaign slogan was "Ni un paso atrás"
     1377 +# (Not one step back), the clocks went back in 1993 and the experiment was not
     1378 +# repeated.  For now, assume transitions were at 00:00 local time country-wide.
1372 1379  #
     1380 +# Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
     1381 +Rule    Ecuador 1992    only    -       Nov     28      0:00    1:00    S
     1382 +Rule    Ecuador 1993    only    -       Feb      5      0:00    0       -
     1383 +#
1373 1384  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1374 1385  Zone America/Guayaquil  -5:19:20 -      LMT     1890
1375 1386                          -5:14:00 -      QMT     1931 # Quito Mean Time
1376      -                        -5:00   -       ECT     # Ecuador Time
     1387 +                        -5:00   Ecuador -05/-04
1377 1388  Zone Pacific/Galapagos  -5:58:24 -      LMT     1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
1378      -                        -5:00   -       ECT     1986
1379      -                        -6:00   -       GALT    # Galápagos Time
     1389 +                        -5:00   -       -05     1986
     1390 +                        -6:00   Ecuador -06/-05
1380 1391  
1381 1392  # Falklands
1382 1393  
1383 1394  # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1384 1395  # Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks & Pottenger and the IATA agree except
1385 1396  # the IATA gives 1996-09-08.  Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1386 1397  
1387 1398  # From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
1388 1399  # via Jesper Nørgaard:
1389 1400  # ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
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1469 1480  Rule    Falk    1983    only    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1:00    S
1470 1481  Rule    Falk    1984    1985    -       Apr     lastSun 0:00    0       -
1471 1482  Rule    Falk    1984    only    -       Sep     16      0:00    1:00    S
1472 1483  Rule    Falk    1985    2000    -       Sep     Sun>=9  0:00    1:00    S
1473 1484  Rule    Falk    1986    2000    -       Apr     Sun>=16 0:00    0       -
1474 1485  Rule    Falk    2001    2010    -       Apr     Sun>=15 2:00    0       -
1475 1486  Rule    Falk    2001    2010    -       Sep     Sun>=1  2:00    1:00    S
1476 1487  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1477 1488  Zone Atlantic/Stanley   -3:51:24 -      LMT     1890
1478 1489                          -3:51:24 -      SMT     1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
1479      -                        -4:00   Falk    FK%sT   1983 May    # Falkland Is Time
1480      -                        -3:00   Falk    FK%sT   1985 Sep 15
1481      -                        -4:00   Falk    FK%sT   2010 Sep  5  2:00
1482      -                        -3:00   -       FKST
     1490 +                        -4:00   Falk    -04/-03 1983 May
     1491 +                        -3:00   Falk    -03/-02 1985 Sep 15
     1492 +                        -4:00   Falk    -04/-03 2010 Sep  5  2:00
     1493 +                        -3:00   -       -03
1483 1494  
1484 1495  # French Guiana
1485 1496  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1486 1497  Zone America/Cayenne    -3:29:20 -      LMT     1911 Jul
1487      -                        -4:00   -       GFT     1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
1488      -                        -3:00   -       GFT
     1498 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1967 Oct
     1499 +                        -3:00   -       -03
1489 1500  
1490 1501  # Guyana
1491 1502  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1492 1503  Zone    America/Guyana  -3:52:40 -      LMT     1915 Mar    # Georgetown
1493      -                        -3:45   -       GBGT    1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
1494      -                        -3:45   -       GYT     1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
1495      -                        -3:00   -       GYT     1991
     1504 +                        -3:45   -       -0345   1975 Jul 31
     1505 +                        -3:00   -       -03     1991
1496 1506  # IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00.  Assume a 1991 switch.
1497      -                        -4:00   -       GYT
     1507 +                        -4:00   -       -04
1498 1508  
1499 1509  # Paraguay
1500 1510  #
1501 1511  # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1502 1512  # Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are 01:00 -> 02:00,
1503 1513  # and autumn transitions are 00:00 -> 23:00.  Go with pre-1999
1504 1514  # editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
1505 1515  #
1506 1516  # From Waldemar Villamayor-Venialbo (2013-09-20):
1507 1517  # No time of the day is established for the adjustment, so people normally
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1579 1589  # The change in Paraguay is now final.  Decree number 10780
1580 1590  # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/uploads/pdf/presidencia-3b86ff4b691c79d4f5927ca964922ec74772ce857c02ca054a52a37b49afc7fb.pdf
1581 1591  # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2014-02-28):
1582 1592  # Decree 1264 can be found at:
1583 1593  # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/archivos/documentos/DECRETO1264_ey9r8zai.pdf
1584 1594  Rule    Para    2013    max     -       Mar     Sun>=22 0:00    0       -
1585 1595  
1586 1596  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1587 1597  Zone America/Asuncion   -3:50:40 -      LMT     1890
1588 1598                          -3:50:40 -      AMT     1931 Oct 10 # Asunción Mean Time
1589      -                        -4:00   -       PYT     1972 Oct    # Paraguay Time
1590      -                        -3:00   -       PYT     1974 Apr
1591      -                        -4:00   Para    PY%sT
     1599 +                        -4:00   -       -04     1972 Oct
     1600 +                        -3:00   -       -03     1974 Apr
     1601 +                        -4:00   Para    -04/-03
1592 1602  
1593 1603  # Peru
1594 1604  #
1595 1605  # From Evelyn C. Leeper via Mark Brader (2003-10-26)
1596 1606  # <news:xrGmb.39935$gA1.13896113@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net>:
1597 1607  # When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over
1598 1608  # sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon.
1599 1609  #
1600 1610  # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1601 1611  # Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition.  Assume 1986 was like 1987.
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1608 1618  Rule    Peru    1986    1987    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    S
1609 1619  Rule    Peru    1986    1987    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1610 1620  Rule    Peru    1990    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    S
1611 1621  Rule    Peru    1990    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1612 1622  # IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1613 1623  Rule    Peru    1994    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    S
1614 1624  Rule    Peru    1994    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1615 1625  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1616 1626  Zone    America/Lima    -5:08:12 -      LMT     1890
1617 1627                          -5:08:36 -      LMT     1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
1618      -                        -5:00   Peru    PE%sT   # Peru Time
     1628 +                        -5:00   Peru    -05/-04
1619 1629  
1620 1630  # South Georgia
1621 1631  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1622 1632  Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 -  LMT     1890 # Grytviken
1623      -                        -2:00   -       GST     # South Georgia Time
     1633 +                        -2:00   -       -02
1624 1634  
1625 1635  # South Sandwich Is
1626 1636  # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
1627 1637  
1628 1638  # Suriname
1629 1639  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1630 1640  Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 -      LMT     1911
1631 1641                          -3:40:52 -      PMT     1935     # Paramaribo Mean Time
1632 1642                          -3:40:36 -      PMT     1945 Oct    # The capital moved?
1633      -                        -3:30   -       NEGT    1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
1634      -                        -3:30   -       SRT     1984 Oct    # Suriname Time
1635      -                        -3:00   -       SRT
     1643 +                        -3:30   -       -0330   1984 Oct
     1644 +                        -3:00   -       -03
1636 1645  
1637 1646  # Trinidad and Tobago
1638 1647  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1639 1648  Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 -   LMT     1912 Mar 2
1640 1649                          -4:00   -       AST
1641 1650  
1642 1651  # These all agree with Trinidad and Tobago since 1970.
1643 1652  Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Anguilla
1644 1653  Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Antigua
1645 1654  Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Dominica
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1728 1737  # http://www.elobservador.com.uy/gobierno-resolvio-que-no-habra-cambio-horario-verano-n656787
1729 1738  # http://www.republica.com.uy/este-ano-no-se-modificara-el-huso-horario-en-uruguay/523760/
1730 1739  # From Paul Eggert (2015-06-30):
1731 1740  # Apparently restaurateurs complained that DST caused people to go to the beach
1732 1741  # instead of out to dinner.
1733 1742  # From Pablo Camargo (2015-07-13):
1734 1743  # http://archivo.presidencia.gub.uy/sci/decretos/2015/06/cons_min_201.pdf
1735 1744  # [dated 2015-06-29; repeals Decree 311/006 dated 2006-09-04]
1736 1745  Rule    Uruguay 2006    2014    -       Oct     Sun>=1   2:00   1:00    S
1737 1746  Rule    Uruguay 2007    2015    -       Mar     Sun>=8   2:00   0       -
1738      -# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
     1747 +
     1748 +# This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z.
1739 1749  Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 -      LMT     1898 Jun 28
1740 1750                          -3:44:44 -      MMT     1920 May  1 # Montevideo MT
1741      -                        -3:30   Uruguay UY%sT   1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
1742      -                        -3:00   Uruguay UY%sT
     1751 +                        -3:30   Uruguay -0330/-03 1942 Dec 14
     1752 +                        -3:00   Uruguay -03/-02 1968
     1753 +                        -3:00   Uruguay -03/-0230 1971
     1754 +                        -3:00   Uruguay -03/-02 1974
     1755 +                        -3:00   Uruguay -03/-0230 1974 Dec 22
     1756 +                        -3:00   Uruguay -03/-02
1743 1757  
1744 1758  # Venezuela
1745 1759  #
1746 1760  # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-28):
1747 1761  # For the 1965 transition see Gaceta Oficial No. 27.619 (1964-12-15), p 205.533
1748 1762  # http://www.pgr.gob.ve/dmdocuments/1964/27619.pdf
1749 1763  #
1750 1764  # From John Stainforth (2007-11-28):
1751 1765  # ... the change for Venezuela originally expected for 2007-12-31 has
1752 1766  # been brought forward to 2007-12-09.  The official announcement was
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1766 1780  # half-hour time difference set by Chavez. Reuters 2016-04-15 14:50 -0400
1767 1781  # http://www.reuters.com/article/us-venezuela-timezone-idUSKCN0XC2BE
1768 1782  #
1769 1783  # From Matt Johnson (2016-04-20):
1770 1784  # ... published in the official Gazette [2016-04-18], here:
1771 1785  # http://historico.tsj.gob.ve/gaceta_ext/abril/1842016/E-1842016-4551.pdf
1772 1786  
1773 1787  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1774 1788  Zone    America/Caracas -4:27:44 -      LMT     1890
1775 1789                          -4:27:40 -      CMT     1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
1776      -                        -4:30   -       VET     1965 Jan  1  0:00 # Venezuela T.
1777      -                        -4:00   -       VET     2007 Dec  9  3:00
1778      -                        -4:30   -       VET     2016 May  1  2:30
1779      -                        -4:00   -       VET
     1790 +                        -4:30   -       -0430   1965 Jan  1  0:00
     1791 +                        -4:00   -       -04     2007 Dec  9  3:00
     1792 +                        -4:30   -       -0430   2016 May  1  2:30
     1793 +                        -4:00   -       -04
    
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