593 Rule Russia 1919 only - Aug 16 0:00 0 MSK
594 Rule Russia 1921 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 MSD
595 Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 MSM # Midsummer
596 Rule Russia 1921 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 MSD
597 Rule Russia 1921 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
598 # Act No. 925 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1980-10-24):
599 Rule Russia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
600 Rule Russia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
601 # Act No. 967 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1984-09-13), repeated in
602 # Act No. 227 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1989-03-14):
603 Rule Russia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
604 Rule Russia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
605 #
606 Rule Russia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
607 Rule Russia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
608 Rule Russia 1993 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
609 Rule Russia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
610 Rule Russia 1996 2010 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
611 # As described below, Russia's 2014 change affects Zone data, not Rule data.
612
613 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-06-14):
614 # According to Kremlin press service, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev
615 # signed a federal law "On calculation of time" on June 9, 2011.
616 # According to the law Russia is abolishing daylight saving time.
617 #
618 # Medvedev signed a law "On the Calculation of Time" (in russian):
619 # http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583
620 #
621 # Medvedev signed a law on the calculation of the time (in russian):
622 # http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html
623
624 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15):
625 # Take "abolishing daylight saving time" to mean that time is now considered
626 # to be standard.
627
628 # These are for backward compatibility with older versions.
629
630 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
631 Zone WET 0:00 EU WE%sT
632 Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT
988 # includes central Greenland, is known as west Greenland), keeps time
989 # UTC-3, with daylight savings methods according to European rules.
990 #
991 # It is common procedure to use UTC 0 in the wilderness of East and
992 # North Greenland, because it is mainly Icelandic aircraft operators
993 # maintaining traffic in these areas. However, the official status of
994 # this area is that it sticks with Godthåb time. This area might be
995 # considered a dual time zone in some respects because of this.
996
997 # From Rives McDow (2001-11-19):
998 # I heard back from someone stationed at Thule; the time change took place
999 # there at 2:00 AM.
1000
1001 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1002 # From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT;
1003 # the 1995 map as like Godthåb.
1004 # For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthåb before 1996.
1005 # startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error,
1006 # so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year.
1007 # For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules.
1008 #
1009 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1010 Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1011 Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1012 Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1013 Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1014 Rule Thule 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1015 Rule Thule 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1016 #
1017 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1018 Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28
1019 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
1020 -3:00 EU WG%sT 1996
1021 0:00 - GMT
1022 Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
1023 -2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
1024 -2:00 C-Eur CG%sT 1981 Mar 29
1025 -1:00 EU EG%sT
1026 Zone America/Godthab -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Nuuk
1027 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
1028 -3:00 EU WG%sT
1029 Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base
1030 -4:00 Thule A%sT
1031
1032 # Estonia
1033 # From Peter Ilieve (1994-10-15):
1034 # A relative in Tallinn confirms the accuracy of the data for 1989 onwards
1035 # [through 1994] and gives the legal authority for it,
1036 # a regulation of the Government of Estonia, No. 111 of 1989....
1037 #
1038 # From Peter Ilieve (1996-10-28):
1039 # [IATA SSIM (1992/1996) claims that the Baltic republics switch at 01:00s,
1040 # but a relative confirms that Estonia still switches at 02:00s, writing:]
1041 # "I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different
1042 # (confusing) rules for International Air and Railway Transport Schedules
1043 # conversion in Sunday connected with end of summer time in Estonia....
1044 # A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on
1045 # human physiology. It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to
1046 # summer time next spring."
1047
1048 # From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited:
1049 # The 1998-09-22 Estonian time law
1050 # http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390
1051 # refers to the Eighth Directive and cites the association agreement between
1052 # the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22-27, 120).
1606 # Liechtenstein
1607
1608 # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-09):
1609 # Shanks & Pottenger say Vaduz is like Zurich.
1610
1611 # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-18):
1612 # http://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/LIJ/1978/1938-1978/1941.pdf
1613 # ... confirms on p. 6 that Liechtenstein followed Switzerland in 1941 and 1942.
1614 # I ... translate only the last two paragraphs:
1615 # ... during second world war, in the years 1941 and 1942, Liechtenstein
1616 # introduced daylight saving time, adapting to Switzerland. From 1943 on
1617 # central European time was in force throughout the year.
1618 # From a report of the duke's government to the high council,
1619 # regarding the introduction of a time law, of 31 May 1977.
1620
1621 Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz
1622
1623
1624 # Lithuania
1625
1626 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
1627 # IATA SSIM (1992/1996) says Lithuania uses W-Eur rules, but since it is
1628 # known to be wrong about Estonia and Latvia, assume it's wrong here too.
1629
1630 # From Marius Gedminas (1998-08-07):
1631 # I would like to inform that in this year Lithuanian time zone
1632 # (Europe/Vilnius) was changed.
1633
1634 # From ELTA No. 972 (2582) (1999-09-29) <http://www.elta.lt/>,
1635 # via Steffen Thorsen:
1636 # Lithuania has shifted back to the second time zone (GMT plus two hours)
1637 # to be valid here starting from October 31,
1638 # as decided by the national government on Wednesday....
1639 # The Lithuanian government also announced plans to consider a
1640 # motion to give up shifting to summer time in spring, as it was
1641 # already done by Estonia.
1642
1643 # From the Fact File, Lithuanian State Department of Tourism
1644 # <http://www.tourism.lt/informa/ff.htm> (2000-03-27):
1645 # Local time is GMT+2 hours ..., no daylight saving.
1646
1647 # From a user via Klaus Marten (2003-02-07):
1648 # As a candidate for membership of the European Union, Lithuania will
1649 # observe Summer Time in 2003, changing its clocks at the times laid
1650 # down in EU Directive 2000/84 of 19.I.01 (i.e. at the same times as its
1651 # neighbour Latvia). The text of the Lithuanian government Order of
1652 # 7.XI.02 to this effect can be found at
1653 # http://www.lrvk.lt/nut/11/n1749.htm
1654
1655
1656 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1657 Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880
1658 1:24:00 - WMT 1917 # Warsaw Mean Time
1659 1:35:36 - KMT 1919 Oct 10 # Kaunas Mean Time
1660 1:00 - CET 1920 Jul 12
1661 2:00 - EET 1920 Oct 9
1662 1:00 - CET 1940 Aug 3
1663 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 24
1664 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug
1665 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1666 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
1667 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998
1668 2:00 - EET 1998 Mar 29 1:00u
1669 1:00 EU CE%sT 1999 Oct 31 1:00u
1670 2:00 - EET 2003 Jan 1
1671 2:00 EU EE%sT
1672
1673 # Luxembourg
1674 # Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways;
1675 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1676 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1677 Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S
1678 Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
1679 Rule Lux 1917 only - Apr 28 23:00 1:00 S
1680 Rule Lux 1917 only - Sep 17 1:00 0 -
1681 Rule Lux 1918 only - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S
1682 Rule Lux 1918 only - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 -
1683 Rule Lux 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00 1:00 S
1684 Rule Lux 1919 only - Oct 5 3:00 0 -
1685 Rule Lux 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 S
1686 Rule Lux 1920 only - Oct 24 2:00 0 -
1711
1712 # Malta
1713 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1714 Rule Malta 1973 only - Mar 31 0:00s 1:00 S
1715 Rule Malta 1973 only - Sep 29 0:00s 0 -
1716 Rule Malta 1974 only - Apr 21 0:00s 1:00 S
1717 Rule Malta 1974 only - Sep 16 0:00s 0 -
1718 Rule Malta 1975 1979 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
1719 Rule Malta 1975 1980 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
1720 Rule Malta 1980 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
1721 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1722 Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta
1723 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s
1724 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s
1725 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1973 Mar 31
1726 1:00 Malta CE%sT 1981
1727 1:00 EU CE%sT
1728
1729 # Moldova
1730
1731 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1732 # A previous version of this database followed Shanks & Pottenger, who write
1733 # that Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00.
1734 # However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence
1735 # on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree).
1736 # In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area
1737 # and it's possible that some Russophones continued to observe Moscow time.
1738 # But [two people] separately reported via
1739 # Jesper Nørgaard that as of 2001-01-24 Tiraspol was like Chisinau.
1740 # The Tiraspol entry has therefore been removed for now.
1741 #
1742 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-17):
1743 # Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR, also known as
1744 # "Pridnestrovie") has abolished seasonal clock change (no transition
1745 # to the Winter Time).
1746 #
1747 # News (in Russian):
1748 # http://www.kyivpost.ua/russia/news/pridnestrove-otkazalos-ot-perehoda-na-zimnee-vremya-30954.html
1749 # http://www.allmoldova.com/moldova-news/1249064116.html
1750 #
1769 # From Roman Tudos (2015-07-02):
1770 # http://lex.justice.md/index.php?action=view&view=doc&lang=1&id=355077
1771 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-01):
1772 # The abovementioned official link to IGO1445-868/2014 states that
1773 # 2014-10-26's fallback transition occurred at 03:00 local time. Also,
1774 # http://www.trm.md/en/social/la-30-martie-vom-trece-la-ora-de-vara
1775 # says the 2014-03-30 spring-forward transition was at 02:00 local time.
1776 # Guess that since 1997 Moldova has switched one hour before the EU.
1777
1778 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1779 Rule Moldova 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
1780 Rule Moldova 1997 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 -
1781
1782 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1783 Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1880
1784 1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT
1785 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT
1786 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1940 Aug 15
1787 2:00 1:00 EEST 1941 Jul 17
1788 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 24
1789 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990
1790 3:00 - MSK 1990 May 6
1791 2:00 - EET 1991
1792 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992
1793 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997
1794 # See Romania commentary for the guessed 1997 transition to EU rules.
1795 2:00 Moldova EE%sT
1796
1797 # Monaco
1798 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
1799 # more precise 0:09:21.
1800 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1801 Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15
1802 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
1803 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00
1804 1:00 France CE%sT 1977
1805 1:00 EU CE%sT
1806
1807 # Montenegro
1808 # See Europe/Belgrade.
1809
1810 # Netherlands
1811
2249 # administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have
2250 # remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan.
2251
2252 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06):
2253 # The comments detailing the coverage of each Russian zone are meant to assist
2254 # with maintenance only and represent our best guesses as to which regions
2255 # are covered by each zone. They are not meant to be taken as an authoritative
2256 # listing. The region codes listed come from
2257 # http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498
2258 # and are used for convenience only; no guarantees are made regarding their
2259 # future stability. ISO 3166-2:RU codes are also listed for first-level
2260 # divisions where available.
2261
2262 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2263
2264
2265 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
2266 # Europe/Kaliningrad covers...
2267 # 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast
2268
2269 Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr
2270 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945
2271 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946
2272 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2273 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2274 3:00 - FET 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2275 2:00 - EET
2276
2277
2278 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
2279 # Europe/Moscow covers...
2280 # 01 RU-AD Adygea, Republic of
2281 # 05 RU-DA Dagestan, Republic of
2282 # 06 RU-IN Ingushetia, Republic of
2283 # 07 RU-KB Kabardino-Balkar Republic
2284 # 08 RU-KL Kalmykia, Republic of
2285 # 09 RU-KC Karachay-Cherkess Republic
2286 # 10 RU-KR Karelia, Republic of
2287 # 11 RU-KO Komi Republic
2288 # 12 RU-ME Mari El Republic
2289 # 13 RU-MO Mordovia, Republic of
2290 # 15 RU-SE North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of
2291 # 16 RU-TA Tatarstan, Republic of
2292 # 20 RU-CE Chechen Republic
2293 # 21 RU-CU Chuvash Republic
2294 # 23 RU-KDA Krasnodar Krai
2295 # 26 RU-STA Stavropol Krai
2296 # 29 RU-ARK Arkhangelsk Oblast
2297 # 31 RU-BEL Belgorod Oblast
2298 # 32 RU-BRY Bryansk Oblast
2301 # 36 RU-VOR Voronezh Oblast
2302 # 37 RU-IVA Ivanovo Oblast
2303 # 40 RU-KLU Kaluga Oblast
2304 # 44 RU-KOS Kostroma Oblast
2305 # 46 RU-KRS Kursk Oblast
2306 # 47 RU-LEN Leningrad Oblast
2307 # 48 RU-LIP Lipetsk Oblast
2308 # 50 RU-MOS Moscow Oblast
2309 # 51 RU-MUR Murmansk Oblast
2310 # 52 RU-NIZ Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
2311 # 53 RU-NGR Novgorod Oblast
2312 # 57 RU-ORL Oryol Oblast
2313 # 58 RU-PNZ Penza Oblast
2314 # 60 RU-PSK Pskov Oblast
2315 # 61 RU-ROS Rostov Oblast
2316 # 62 RU-RYA Ryazan Oblast
2317 # 67 RU-SMO Smolensk Oblast
2318 # 68 RU-TAM Tambov Oblast
2319 # 69 RU-TVE Tver Oblast
2320 # 71 RU-TUL Tula Oblast
2321 # 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast
2322 # 76 RU-YAR Yaroslavl Oblast
2323 # 77 RU-MOW Moscow
2324 # 78 RU-SPE Saint Petersburg
2325 # 83 RU-NEN Nenets Autonomous Okrug
2326
2327 # From Vladimir Karpinsky (2014-07-08):
2328 # LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow
2329 # Observatory (coordinates: 55 deg. 45'29.70", 37 deg. 34'05.30")....
2330 # LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard.
2331 # (The info is from the book by Byalokoz ... p. 18.)
2332 # The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia was defined by
2333 # Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow
2334 # was synchronized with LMT St. Petersburg (+30 minutes), (Pulkov observatory
2335 # coordinates: 59 deg. 46'18.70", 30 deg. 19'40.70") so 30 deg. 19'40.70" >
2336 # 2h01m18.7s = 2:01:19. LMT Moscow = LMT St.Petersburg + 30m 2:01:19 + 0:30 =
2337 # 2:31:19 ...
2338 #
2339 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08):
2340 # Milne does not list Moscow, but suggests that its time might be listed in
2341 # Résumés mensuels et annuels des observations météorologiques (1895).
2342 # Presumably this is OCLC 85825704, a journal published with parallel text in
2343 # Russian and French. This source has not been located; go with Karpinsky.
2344
2345 Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:17 - LMT 1880
2346 2:30:17 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time
2380 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May
2381 # From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev.
2382 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 0:00s
2383 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s
2384 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST.
2385 # Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks.
2386 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1997
2387 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u
2388 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17):
2389 # time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014
2390 # http://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html
2391 # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-30):
2392 # Simferopol and Sevastopol reportedly changed their central town clocks
2393 # late the previous day, but this appears to have been ceremonial
2394 # and the discrepancies are small enough to not worry about.
2395 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00
2396 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2397 3:00 - MSK
2398
2399
2400 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
2401 # Europe/Volgograd covers...
2402 # 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast
2403 # 34 RU-VGG Volgograd Oblast
2404 # 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast
2405 # 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast
2406
2407 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-09):
2408 # Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400 but Wikipedia says +0300.
2409 # Perhaps it switched after the others? But we have no data.
2410
2411 Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3
2412 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time
2413 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time
2414 4:00 - STAT 1961 Nov 11
2415 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T
2416 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2417 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
2418 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2419 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2420 3:00 - MSK
2421
2422
2423 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
2424 # Europe/Samara covers...
2425 # 18 RU-UD Udmurt Republic
2426 # 63 RU-SAM Samara Oblast
2427
2428 # Byalokoz 1919 says Samara was 3:20:20.
2429
2430 Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:20 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00
2431 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21
2432 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27
2433 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev
2434 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2435 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
2436 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00
2437 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s # Samara Time
2438 3:00 Russia SAM%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2439 4:00 - SAMT
2440
2441
2442 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
2443 # Asia/Yekaterinburg covers...
2444 # 02 RU-BA Bashkortostan, Republic of
2445 # 90 RU-PER Perm Krai
2446 # 45 RU-KGN Kurgan Oblast
2447 # 56 RU-ORE Orenburg Oblast
2448 # 66 RU-SVE Sverdlovsk Oblast
2449 # 72 RU-TYU Tyumen Oblast
2450 # 74 RU-CHE Chelyabinsk Oblast
2451 # 86 RU-KHM Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra
2452 # 89 RU-YAN Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
2453 #
2454 # Note: Effective 2005-12-01, (59) Perm Oblast and (81) Komi-Permyak
2455 # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (90, RU-PER) Perm Krai.
2456
2457 # Milne says Yekaterinburg was 4:02:32.9; round to nearest.
2458 # Byalokoz 1919 says its provincial time was based on Perm, at 3:45:05.
2459 # Assume it switched on 1916-07-03, the time of the new standard.
2460 # The 1919 and 1930 transitions are from Shanks.
2461
2462 Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1916 Jul 3
2463 3:45:05 - PMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00
2464 4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time
2465 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2466 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2467 5:00 Russia YEK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2468 6:00 - YEKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2469 5:00 - YEKT
2470
2471
2472 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
2473 # Asia/Omsk covers...
2474 # 04 RU-AL Altai Republic
2475 # 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai
2476 # 55 RU-OMS Omsk Oblast
2477
2478 # Byalokoz 1919 says Omsk was 4:53:30.
2479
2480 Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:30 - LMT 1919 Nov 14
2481 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk Time
2482 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2483 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2484 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2485 7:00 - OMST 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2486 6:00 - OMST
2487
2488
2489 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
2490 # Asia/Novosibirsk covers...
2491 # 54 RU-NVS Novosibirsk Oblast
2492 # 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast
2493
2494 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's
2495 # not clear when it switched from +7 to +6.
2496
2497 Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00
2498 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time
2499 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2500 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2501 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P.
2502 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2503 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2504 6:00 - NOVT
2505
2506
2507 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
2508 # Asia/Novokuznetsk covers...
2509 # 42 RU-KEM Kemerovo Oblast
2510
2511 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-10-13):
2512 # Kemerovo oblast' (Kemerovo region) in Russia will change current time zone on
2513 # March 28, 2010:
2514 # from current Russia Zone 6 - Krasnoyarsk Time Zone (KRA) UTC +0700
2515 # to Russia Zone 5 - Novosibirsk Time Zone (NOV) UTC +0600
2516 #
2517 # This is according to Government of Russia decree No. 740, on September
2518 # 14, 2009 "Application in the territory of the Kemerovo region the Fifth
2519 # time zone." ("Russia Zone 5" or old "USSR Zone 5" is GMT +0600)
2520 #
2521 # Russian Government web site (Russian language)
2522 # http://www.government.ru/content/governmentactivity/rfgovernmentdecisions/archive/2009/09/14/991633.htm
2523 # or Russian-English translation by WorldTimeZone.com with reference
2524 # map to local region and new Russia Time Zone map after March 28, 2010
2525 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html
2526 #
2527 # Thus, when Russia will switch to DST on the night of March 28, 2010
2528 # Kemerovo region (Kemerovo oblast') will not change the clock.
2529 #
2530 # As a result, Kemerovo oblast' will be in the same time zone as
2531 # Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Barnaul and Altai Republic.
2532
2533 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02):
2534 # The Kemerovo region will remain at UTC+7 through the 2014-10-26 change, thus
2535 # realigning itself with KRAT.
2536
2537 Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - LMT 1924 May 1
2538 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time
2539 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2540 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2541 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s
2542 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s # Novosibirsk
2543 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2544 7:00 - KRAT # Krasnoyarsk Time
2545
2546
2547 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
2548 # Asia/Krasnoyarsk covers...
2549 # 17 RU-TY Tuva Republic
2550 # 19 RU-KK Khakassia, Republic of
2551 # 24 RU-KYA Krasnoyarsk Krai
2576 # Byalokoz 1919 says Irkutsk was 6:57:05.
2577 # Go with Byalokoz.
2578
2579 Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:05 - LMT 1880
2580 6:57:05 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time
2581 7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time
2582 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2583 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2584 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2585 9:00 - IRKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2586 8:00 - IRKT
2587
2588
2589 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06):
2590 # Asia/Chita covers...
2591 # 92 RU-ZAB Zabaykalsky Krai
2592 #
2593 # Note: Effective 2008-03-01, (75) Chita Oblast and (80) Agin-Buryat
2594 # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (92, RU-ZAB) Zabaykalsky Krai.
2595
2596 Zone Asia/Chita 7:33:52 - LMT 1919 Dec 15
2597 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
2598 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2599 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2600 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2601 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2602 8:00 - IRKT
2603
2604
2605 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
2606 # Asia/Yakutsk covers...
2607 # 28 RU-AMU Amur Oblast
2608 #
2609 # ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic:
2610 # 14-02 **** Aldansky District
2611 # 14-04 **** Amginsky District
2612 # 14-05 **** Anabarsky District
2613 # 14-06 **** Bulunsky District
2614 # 14-07 **** Verkhnevilyuysky District
2615 # 14-10 **** Vilyuysky District
2616 # 14-11 **** Gorny District
2617 # 14-12 **** Zhigansky District
2618 # 14-13 **** Kobyaysky District
2619 # 14-14 **** Lensky District
2620 # 14-15 **** Megino-Kangalassky District
2621 # 14-16 **** Mirninsky District
2622 # 14-18 **** Namsky District
2684 # Make a wild guess that it switched to Vladivostok time in 2004.
2685 # This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info.
2686
2687 Zone Asia/Khandyga 9:02:13 - LMT 1919 Dec 15
2688 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
2689 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2690 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2691 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2004
2692 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2693 11:00 - VLAT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725?
2694 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2695 9:00 - YAKT
2696
2697
2698 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
2699 # Asia/Sakhalin covers...
2700 # 65 RU-SAK Sakhalin Oblast
2701 # ...with the exception of:
2702 # 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands)
2703
2704 # The Zone name should be Asia/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long.
2705 Zone Asia/Sakhalin 9:30:48 - LMT 1905 Aug 23
2706 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1
2707 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 25
2708 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T
2709 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2710 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s
2711 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2712 11:00 - SAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2713 10:00 - SAKT
2714
2715
2716 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
2717 # Asia/Magadan covers...
2718 # 49 RU-MAG Magadan Oblast
2719
2720 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02):
2721 # Magadan Oblast is moving from UTC+12 to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26; however,
2722 # several districts of Sakha Republic as well as Severo-Kurilsky District of
2723 # the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands), represented
2724 # until now by Asia/Magadan, will instead move to UTC+11. These regions will
2725 # need their own zone.
2726
2727 Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
2728 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time
2729 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2730 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2731 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2732 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2733 10:00 - MAGT
2734
2735
2736 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06):
2737 # Asia/Srednekolymsk covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic:
2738 # 14-01 **** Abyysky District
2739 # 14-03 **** Allaikhovsky District
2740 # 14-08 **** Verkhnekolymsky District
2741 # 14-17 **** Momsky District
2742 # 14-20 **** Nizhnekolymsky District
2743 # 14-25 **** Srednekolymsky District
2744 #
2745 # ...and parts of (65, RU-SAK) Sakhalin Oblast:
2746 # 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands)
2747
2748 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02):
2749 # Oymyakonsky District of Sakha Republic (represented by Ust-Nera), along with
2750 # most of Sakhalin Oblast (represented by Sakhalin) will be moving to UTC+10 on
2751 # 2014-10-26 to stay aligned with VLAT/SAKT; however, Severo-Kurilsky District
2752 # of the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands, represented by
2753 # Severo-Kurilsk) will remain on UTC+11.
3137 # From Faruk Pasin (2014-02-14):
3138 # The DST for Turkey has been changed for this year because of the
3139 # Turkish Local election....
3140 # http://www.sabah.com.tr/Ekonomi/2014/02/12/yaz-saatinde-onemli-degisiklik
3141 # ... so Turkey will move clocks forward one hour on March 31 at 3:00 a.m.
3142 # From Randal L. Schwartz (2014-04-15):
3143 # Having landed on a flight from the states to Istanbul (via AMS) on March 31,
3144 # I can tell you that NOBODY (even the airlines) respected this timezone DST
3145 # change delay. Maybe the word just didn't get out in time.
3146 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-15):
3147 # The press reported massive confusion, as election officials obeyed the rule
3148 # change but cell phones (and airline baggage systems) did not. See:
3149 # Kostidis M. Eventful elections in Turkey. Balkan News Agency
3150 # http://www.balkaneu.com/eventful-elections-turkey/ 2014-03-30.
3151 # I guess the best we can do is document the official time.
3152
3153 # From Fatih (2015-09-29):
3154 # It's officially announced now by the Ministry of Energy.
3155 # Turkey delays winter time to 8th of November 04:00
3156 # http://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/yaz-saati-uygulamasi-8-kasimda-sona-erecek/362217
3157
3158 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3159 Rule Turkey 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
3160 Rule Turkey 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
3161 Rule Turkey 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
3162 Rule Turkey 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 -
3163 Rule Turkey 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
3164 Rule Turkey 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
3165 Rule Turkey 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
3166 Rule Turkey 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
3167 # Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 - Sep 16 and no DST in 1924-1925;
3168 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
3169 Rule Turkey 1924 only - May 13 0:00 1:00 S
3170 Rule Turkey 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
3171 Rule Turkey 1925 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
3172 Rule Turkey 1940 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 S
3173 Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 5 0:00 0 -
3174 Rule Turkey 1940 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
3175 Rule Turkey 1941 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
3176 Rule Turkey 1942 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
|
593 Rule Russia 1919 only - Aug 16 0:00 0 MSK
594 Rule Russia 1921 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 MSD
595 Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 MSM # Midsummer
596 Rule Russia 1921 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 MSD
597 Rule Russia 1921 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
598 # Act No. 925 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1980-10-24):
599 Rule Russia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
600 Rule Russia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
601 # Act No. 967 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1984-09-13), repeated in
602 # Act No. 227 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1989-03-14):
603 Rule Russia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
604 Rule Russia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
605 #
606 Rule Russia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
607 Rule Russia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
608 Rule Russia 1993 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
609 Rule Russia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
610 Rule Russia 1996 2010 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
611 # As described below, Russia's 2014 change affects Zone data, not Rule data.
612
613 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07):
614 # Wikipedia and other sources refer to the Act of the Council of
615 # Ministers of the USSR from 1988-01-04 No. 5 and the Act of the
616 # Council of Ministers of the USSR from 1989-03-14 No. 227.
617 #
618 # I did not find full texts of these acts. For the 1989 one we have
619 # title at http://base.garant.ru/70754136/ :
620 # "About change in calculation of time on the territories of
621 # Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR and Estonian SSR, Astrakhan,
622 # Kaliningrad, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk and Uralsk oblasts".
623 # And http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt appears to
624 # contain quotes from both acts: Since last Sunday of March 1988 rules
625 # of the second time belt are installed in Volgograd and Saratov
626 # oblasts. Since last Sunday of March 1989:
627 # a) Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR, Estonian SSR, Kaliningrad oblast:
628 # second time belt rules without extra hour (Moscow-1);
629 # b) Astrakhan, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk oblasts: second time belt
630 # rules (Moscow time)
631 # c) Uralsk oblast: third time belt rules (Moscow+1).
632
633 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-06-14):
634 # According to Kremlin press service, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev
635 # signed a federal law "On calculation of time" on June 9, 2011.
636 # According to the law Russia is abolishing daylight saving time.
637 #
638 # Medvedev signed a law "On the Calculation of Time" (in russian):
639 # http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583
640 #
641 # Medvedev signed a law on the calculation of the time (in russian):
642 # http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html
643
644 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15):
645 # Take "abolishing daylight saving time" to mean that time is now considered
646 # to be standard.
647
648 # These are for backward compatibility with older versions.
649
650 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
651 Zone WET 0:00 EU WE%sT
652 Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT
1008 # includes central Greenland, is known as west Greenland), keeps time
1009 # UTC-3, with daylight savings methods according to European rules.
1010 #
1011 # It is common procedure to use UTC 0 in the wilderness of East and
1012 # North Greenland, because it is mainly Icelandic aircraft operators
1013 # maintaining traffic in these areas. However, the official status of
1014 # this area is that it sticks with Godthåb time. This area might be
1015 # considered a dual time zone in some respects because of this.
1016
1017 # From Rives McDow (2001-11-19):
1018 # I heard back from someone stationed at Thule; the time change took place
1019 # there at 2:00 AM.
1020
1021 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1022 # From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT;
1023 # the 1995 map as like Godthåb.
1024 # For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthåb before 1996.
1025 # startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error,
1026 # so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year.
1027 # For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules.
1028
1029 # From J William Piggott (2016-02-20):
1030 # "Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund" is officially named
1031 # "National Park" by Executive Order:
1032 # http://naalakkersuisut.gl/~/media/Nanoq/Files/Attached%20Files/Engelske-tekster/Legislation/Executive%20Order%20National%20Park.rtf
1033 # It is their only National Park.
1034 #
1035 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1036 Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1037 Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1038 Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1039 Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1040 Rule Thule 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1041 Rule Thule 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1042 #
1043 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1044 Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28
1045 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
1046 -3:00 EU WG%sT 1996
1047 0:00 - GMT
1048 Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
1049 -2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
1050 -2:00 C-Eur CG%sT 1981 Mar 29
1051 -1:00 EU EG%sT
1052 Zone America/Godthab -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Nuuk
1053 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
1054 -3:00 EU WG%sT
1055 Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base
1056 -4:00 Thule A%sT
1057
1058 # Estonia
1059 #
1060 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
1061 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
1062 #
1063 # From Peter Ilieve (1994-10-15):
1064 # A relative in Tallinn confirms the accuracy of the data for 1989 onwards
1065 # [through 1994] and gives the legal authority for it,
1066 # a regulation of the Government of Estonia, No. 111 of 1989....
1067 #
1068 # From Peter Ilieve (1996-10-28):
1069 # [IATA SSIM (1992/1996) claims that the Baltic republics switch at 01:00s,
1070 # but a relative confirms that Estonia still switches at 02:00s, writing:]
1071 # "I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different
1072 # (confusing) rules for International Air and Railway Transport Schedules
1073 # conversion in Sunday connected with end of summer time in Estonia....
1074 # A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on
1075 # human physiology. It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to
1076 # summer time next spring."
1077
1078 # From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited:
1079 # The 1998-09-22 Estonian time law
1080 # http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390
1081 # refers to the Eighth Directive and cites the association agreement between
1082 # the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22-27, 120).
1636 # Liechtenstein
1637
1638 # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-09):
1639 # Shanks & Pottenger say Vaduz is like Zurich.
1640
1641 # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-18):
1642 # http://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/LIJ/1978/1938-1978/1941.pdf
1643 # ... confirms on p. 6 that Liechtenstein followed Switzerland in 1941 and 1942.
1644 # I ... translate only the last two paragraphs:
1645 # ... during second world war, in the years 1941 and 1942, Liechtenstein
1646 # introduced daylight saving time, adapting to Switzerland. From 1943 on
1647 # central European time was in force throughout the year.
1648 # From a report of the duke's government to the high council,
1649 # regarding the introduction of a time law, of 31 May 1977.
1650
1651 Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz
1652
1653
1654 # Lithuania
1655
1656 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
1657 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
1658
1659 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
1660 # IATA SSIM (1992/1996) says Lithuania uses W-Eur rules, but since it is
1661 # known to be wrong about Estonia and Latvia, assume it's wrong here too.
1662
1663 # From Marius Gedminas (1998-08-07):
1664 # I would like to inform that in this year Lithuanian time zone
1665 # (Europe/Vilnius) was changed.
1666
1667 # From ELTA No. 972 (2582) (1999-09-29) <http://www.elta.lt/>,
1668 # via Steffen Thorsen:
1669 # Lithuania has shifted back to the second time zone (GMT plus two hours)
1670 # to be valid here starting from October 31,
1671 # as decided by the national government on Wednesday....
1672 # The Lithuanian government also announced plans to consider a
1673 # motion to give up shifting to summer time in spring, as it was
1674 # already done by Estonia.
1675
1676 # From the Fact File, Lithuanian State Department of Tourism
1677 # <http://www.tourism.lt/informa/ff.htm> (2000-03-27):
1678 # Local time is GMT+2 hours ..., no daylight saving.
1679
1680 # From a user via Klaus Marten (2003-02-07):
1681 # As a candidate for membership of the European Union, Lithuania will
1682 # observe Summer Time in 2003, changing its clocks at the times laid
1683 # down in EU Directive 2000/84 of 19.I.01 (i.e. at the same times as its
1684 # neighbour Latvia). The text of the Lithuanian government Order of
1685 # 7.XI.02 to this effect can be found at
1686 # http://www.lrvk.lt/nut/11/n1749.htm
1687
1688
1689 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1690 Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880
1691 1:24:00 - WMT 1917 # Warsaw Mean Time
1692 1:35:36 - KMT 1919 Oct 10 # Kaunas Mean Time
1693 1:00 - CET 1920 Jul 12
1694 2:00 - EET 1920 Oct 9
1695 1:00 - CET 1940 Aug 3
1696 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 24
1697 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug
1698 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
1699 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
1700 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998
1701 2:00 - EET 1998 Mar 29 1:00u
1702 1:00 EU CE%sT 1999 Oct 31 1:00u
1703 2:00 - EET 2003 Jan 1
1704 2:00 EU EE%sT
1705
1706 # Luxembourg
1707 # Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways;
1708 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1709 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1710 Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S
1711 Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
1712 Rule Lux 1917 only - Apr 28 23:00 1:00 S
1713 Rule Lux 1917 only - Sep 17 1:00 0 -
1714 Rule Lux 1918 only - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S
1715 Rule Lux 1918 only - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 -
1716 Rule Lux 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00 1:00 S
1717 Rule Lux 1919 only - Oct 5 3:00 0 -
1718 Rule Lux 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 S
1719 Rule Lux 1920 only - Oct 24 2:00 0 -
1744
1745 # Malta
1746 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1747 Rule Malta 1973 only - Mar 31 0:00s 1:00 S
1748 Rule Malta 1973 only - Sep 29 0:00s 0 -
1749 Rule Malta 1974 only - Apr 21 0:00s 1:00 S
1750 Rule Malta 1974 only - Sep 16 0:00s 0 -
1751 Rule Malta 1975 1979 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
1752 Rule Malta 1975 1980 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
1753 Rule Malta 1980 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
1754 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1755 Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta
1756 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s
1757 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s
1758 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1973 Mar 31
1759 1:00 Malta CE%sT 1981
1760 1:00 EU CE%sT
1761
1762 # Moldova
1763
1764 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07):
1765 # the act of the government of the Republic of Moldova Nr. 132 from 1990-05-04
1766 # http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=298782&lang=2
1767 # ... says that since 1990-05-06 on the territory of the Moldavian SSR
1768 # time would be calculated as the standard time of the second time belt
1769 # plus one hour of the "summer" time. To implement that clocks would be
1770 # adjusted one hour backwards at 1990-05-06 2:00. After that "summer"
1771 # time would be cancelled last Sunday of September at 3:00 and
1772 # reintroduced last Sunday of March at 2:00.
1773
1774 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1775 # A previous version of this database followed Shanks & Pottenger, who write
1776 # that Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00.
1777 # However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence
1778 # on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree).
1779 # In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area
1780 # and it's possible that some Russophones continued to observe Moscow time.
1781 # But [two people] separately reported via
1782 # Jesper Nørgaard that as of 2001-01-24 Tiraspol was like Chisinau.
1783 # The Tiraspol entry has therefore been removed for now.
1784 #
1785 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-17):
1786 # Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR, also known as
1787 # "Pridnestrovie") has abolished seasonal clock change (no transition
1788 # to the Winter Time).
1789 #
1790 # News (in Russian):
1791 # http://www.kyivpost.ua/russia/news/pridnestrove-otkazalos-ot-perehoda-na-zimnee-vremya-30954.html
1792 # http://www.allmoldova.com/moldova-news/1249064116.html
1793 #
1812 # From Roman Tudos (2015-07-02):
1813 # http://lex.justice.md/index.php?action=view&view=doc&lang=1&id=355077
1814 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-01):
1815 # The abovementioned official link to IGO1445-868/2014 states that
1816 # 2014-10-26's fallback transition occurred at 03:00 local time. Also,
1817 # http://www.trm.md/en/social/la-30-martie-vom-trece-la-ora-de-vara
1818 # says the 2014-03-30 spring-forward transition was at 02:00 local time.
1819 # Guess that since 1997 Moldova has switched one hour before the EU.
1820
1821 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1822 Rule Moldova 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
1823 Rule Moldova 1997 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 -
1824
1825 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1826 Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1880
1827 1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT
1828 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT
1829 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1940 Aug 15
1830 2:00 1:00 EEST 1941 Jul 17
1831 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 24
1832 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 May 6 2:00
1833 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992
1834 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997
1835 # See Romania commentary for the guessed 1997 transition to EU rules.
1836 2:00 Moldova EE%sT
1837
1838 # Monaco
1839 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
1840 # more precise 0:09:21.
1841 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1842 Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15
1843 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
1844 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00
1845 1:00 France CE%sT 1977
1846 1:00 EU CE%sT
1847
1848 # Montenegro
1849 # See Europe/Belgrade.
1850
1851 # Netherlands
1852
2290 # administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have
2291 # remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan.
2292
2293 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06):
2294 # The comments detailing the coverage of each Russian zone are meant to assist
2295 # with maintenance only and represent our best guesses as to which regions
2296 # are covered by each zone. They are not meant to be taken as an authoritative
2297 # listing. The region codes listed come from
2298 # http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498
2299 # and are used for convenience only; no guarantees are made regarding their
2300 # future stability. ISO 3166-2:RU codes are also listed for first-level
2301 # divisions where available.
2302
2303 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2304
2305
2306 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
2307 # Europe/Kaliningrad covers...
2308 # 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast
2309
2310 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
2311 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
2312
2313 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07):
2314 # http://www.rgo.ru/ru/kaliningradskoe-oblastnoe-otdelenie/ob-otdelenii/publikacii/kak-nam-zhilos-bez-letnego-vremeni
2315 # confirms that the 1989 change to Moscow-1 was implemented.
2316 # (The article, though, is misattributed to 1990 while saying that
2317 # summer->winter transition would be done on the 24 of September. But
2318 # 1990-09-24 was Monday, while 1989-09-24 was Sunday as expected.)
2319 # ...
2320 # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091
2321 # says that Kaliningrad switched to Moscow-1 on 1989-03-26, avoided
2322 # at the last moment switch to Moscow-1 on 1991-03-31, switched to
2323 # Moscow on 1991-11-03, switched to Moscow-1 on 1992-01-19.
2324
2325 Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr
2326 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945
2327 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946
2328 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
2329 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2330 3:00 - FET 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2331 2:00 - EET
2332
2333
2334 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-21), per Tim Parenti (2014-07-03) and
2335 # Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
2336 # Europe/Moscow covers...
2337 # 01 RU-AD Adygea, Republic of
2338 # 05 RU-DA Dagestan, Republic of
2339 # 06 RU-IN Ingushetia, Republic of
2340 # 07 RU-KB Kabardino-Balkar Republic
2341 # 08 RU-KL Kalmykia, Republic of
2342 # 09 RU-KC Karachay-Cherkess Republic
2343 # 10 RU-KR Karelia, Republic of
2344 # 11 RU-KO Komi Republic
2345 # 12 RU-ME Mari El Republic
2346 # 13 RU-MO Mordovia, Republic of
2347 # 15 RU-SE North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of
2348 # 16 RU-TA Tatarstan, Republic of
2349 # 20 RU-CE Chechen Republic
2350 # 21 RU-CU Chuvash Republic
2351 # 23 RU-KDA Krasnodar Krai
2352 # 26 RU-STA Stavropol Krai
2353 # 29 RU-ARK Arkhangelsk Oblast
2354 # 31 RU-BEL Belgorod Oblast
2355 # 32 RU-BRY Bryansk Oblast
2358 # 36 RU-VOR Voronezh Oblast
2359 # 37 RU-IVA Ivanovo Oblast
2360 # 40 RU-KLU Kaluga Oblast
2361 # 44 RU-KOS Kostroma Oblast
2362 # 46 RU-KRS Kursk Oblast
2363 # 47 RU-LEN Leningrad Oblast
2364 # 48 RU-LIP Lipetsk Oblast
2365 # 50 RU-MOS Moscow Oblast
2366 # 51 RU-MUR Murmansk Oblast
2367 # 52 RU-NIZ Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
2368 # 53 RU-NGR Novgorod Oblast
2369 # 57 RU-ORL Oryol Oblast
2370 # 58 RU-PNZ Penza Oblast
2371 # 60 RU-PSK Pskov Oblast
2372 # 61 RU-ROS Rostov Oblast
2373 # 62 RU-RYA Ryazan Oblast
2374 # 67 RU-SMO Smolensk Oblast
2375 # 68 RU-TAM Tambov Oblast
2376 # 69 RU-TVE Tver Oblast
2377 # 71 RU-TUL Tula Oblast
2378 # 76 RU-YAR Yaroslavl Oblast
2379 # 77 RU-MOW Moscow
2380 # 78 RU-SPE Saint Petersburg
2381 # 83 RU-NEN Nenets Autonomous Okrug
2382
2383 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07):
2384 # 11. Regions-violators, 1981-1982.
2385 # Wikipedia refers to
2386 # http://maps.monetonos.ru/maps/raznoe/Old_Maps/Old_Maps/Articles/022/3_1981.html
2387 # http://besp.narod.ru/nauka_1981_3.htm
2388 #
2389 # The second link provides two articles scanned from the Nauka i Zhizn
2390 # magazine No. 3, 1981 and a scan of the short article attributed to
2391 # the Trud newspaper from February 1982. The first link provides the
2392 # same Nauka i Zhizn articles converted to the text form (but misses
2393 # time belt changes map).
2394 #
2395 # The second Nauka i Zhizn article says that in addition to
2396 # introduction of summer time on 1981-04-01 there are some time belt
2397 # border changes on 1981-10-01, mostly affecting Nenets Autonomous
2398 # Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Yakutia, Magadan Oblast and Chukotka
2399 # according to the provided map (colored one). In addition to that
2400 # "time violators" (regions which were not using rules of the time
2401 # belts in which they were located) would not be moving off the DST on
2402 # 1981-10-01 to restore the decree time usage. (Komi ASSR was
2403 # supposed to repeat that move in October 1982 to account for the 2
2404 # hour difference.) Map depicting "time violators" before 1981-10-01
2405 # is also provided.
2406 #
2407 # The article from Trud says that 1981-10-01 changes caused problems
2408 # and some territories would be moved to pre-1981-10-01 time by not
2409 # moving to summer time on 1982-04-01. Namely: Dagestan,
2410 # Kabardino-Balkar, Kalmyk, Komi, Mari, Mordovian, North Ossetian,
2411 # Tatar, Chechen-Ingush and Chuvash ASSR, Krasnodar and Stavropol
2412 # krais, Arkhangelsk, Vladimir, Vologda, Voronezh, Gorky, Ivanovo,
2413 # Kostroma, Lipetsk, Penza, Rostov, Ryazan, Tambov, Tyumen and
2414 # Yaroslavl oblasts, Nenets and Evenk autonomous okrugs, Khatangsky
2415 # district of Taymyr Autonomous Okrug. As a result Evenk Autonomous
2416 # Okrug and Khatangsky district of Taymyr Autonomous Okrug would end
2417 # up on Moscow+4, Tyumen Oblast on Moscow+2 and the rest on Moscow
2418 # time.
2419 #
2420 # http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt
2421 # attributes the 1982 changes to the Act of the Council of Ministers
2422 # of the USSR No. 126 from 18.02.1982. 1980-925.txt also adds
2423 # Udmurtia to the list of affected territories and lists Khatangsky
2424 # district separately from Taymyr Autonomous Okurg. Probably erroneously.
2425 #
2426 # The affected territories are currently listed under Europe/Moscow,
2427 # Asia/Yekaterinburg and Asia/Krasnoyarsk.
2428 #
2429 # 12. Udmurtia
2430 # The fact that Udmurtia is depicted as a violator in the Nauka i
2431 # Zhizn article hints at Izhevsk being on different time from
2432 # Kuybyshev before 1981-10-01. Udmurtia is not mentioned in the 1989 act.
2433 # http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt
2434 # implies Udmurtia was on Moscow time after 1982-04-01.
2435 # Wikipedia implies Udmurtia being on Moscow+1 until 1991.
2436 #
2437 # ...
2438 #
2439 # All Russian zones are supposed to have by default a -1 change at
2440 # 1991-03-31 2:00 (cancellation of the decree time in the USSR) and a +1
2441 # change at 1992-01-19 2:00 (restoration of the decree time in Russia).
2442 #
2443 # There were some exceptions, though.
2444 # Wikipedia says newspapers listed Astrakhan, Saratov, Kirov, Volgograd,
2445 # Izhevsk, Grozny, Kazan and Samara as such exceptions for the 1992
2446 # change. (Different newspapers providing different lists. And some
2447 # lists found in the internet are quite wild.)
2448 #
2449 # And apparently some exceptions were reverted in the last moment.
2450 # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091
2451 # says that Kaliningrad decided not to be an exception 2 days before the
2452 # 1991-03-31 switch and one person at
2453 # http://izhevsk.ru/forum_light_message/50/682597-m8369040.html
2454 # says he remembers that Samara opted out of the 1992-01-19 exception
2455 # 2 days before the switch.
2456 #
2457 #
2458 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
2459 # Given the above, we appear to be missing some Zone entries for the
2460 # chaotic early 1980s in Russia. It's not clear what these entries
2461 # should be. For now, sweep this under the rug and just document the
2462 # time in Moscow.
2463
2464 # From Vladimir Karpinsky (2014-07-08):
2465 # LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow
2466 # Observatory (coordinates: 55 deg. 45'29.70", 37 deg. 34'05.30")....
2467 # LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard.
2468 # (The info is from the book by Byalokoz ... p. 18.)
2469 # The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia was defined by
2470 # Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow
2471 # was synchronized with LMT St. Petersburg (+30 minutes), (Pulkov observatory
2472 # coordinates: 59 deg. 46'18.70", 30 deg. 19'40.70") so 30 deg. 19'40.70" >
2473 # 2h01m18.7s = 2:01:19. LMT Moscow = LMT St.Petersburg + 30m 2:01:19 + 0:30 =
2474 # 2:31:19 ...
2475 #
2476 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08):
2477 # Milne does not list Moscow, but suggests that its time might be listed in
2478 # Résumés mensuels et annuels des observations météorologiques (1895).
2479 # Presumably this is OCLC 85825704, a journal published with parallel text in
2480 # Russian and French. This source has not been located; go with Karpinsky.
2481
2482 Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:17 - LMT 1880
2483 2:30:17 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time
2517 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May
2518 # From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev.
2519 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 0:00s
2520 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s
2521 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST.
2522 # Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks.
2523 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1997
2524 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u
2525 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17):
2526 # time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014
2527 # http://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html
2528 # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-30):
2529 # Simferopol and Sevastopol reportedly changed their central town clocks
2530 # late the previous day, but this appears to have been ceremonial
2531 # and the discrepancies are small enough to not worry about.
2532 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00
2533 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2534 3:00 - MSK
2535
2536
2537 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
2538 # Europe/Astrakhan covers:
2539 # 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast
2540 #
2541 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
2542
2543 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-12):
2544 # On February 10, 2016 Astrakhan Oblast got approval by the Federation
2545 # Council to change its time zone to UTC+4 (from current UTC+3 Moscow time)....
2546 # This Federal Law shall enter into force on 27 March 2016 at 02:00.
2547 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09):
2548 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201602150056
2549
2550 Zone Europe/Astrakhan 3:12:12 - LMT 1924 May
2551 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21
2552 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
2553 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2554 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
2555 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2556 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2557 3:00 - +03 2016 Mar 27 2:00s
2558 4:00 - +04
2559
2560 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
2561 # Europe/Volgograd covers:
2562 # 34 RU-VGG Volgograd Oblast
2563 # 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast
2564 # The 1988 transition is from USSR act No. 5 (1988-01-04).
2565
2566 Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3
2567 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time
2568 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time
2569 4:00 - STAT 1961 Nov 11
2570 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1988 Mar 27 2:00s # Volgograd T
2571 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2572 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
2573 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2574 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2575 3:00 - MSK
2576
2577 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
2578 # Europe/Kirov covers:
2579 # 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast
2580 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
2581 #
2582 # Europe/Kirov is still in draft form and for now is commented out.
2583 #
2584 #Zone Europe/Kirov 3:18:48 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00
2585 # 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21
2586 # 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
2587 # 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2588 # 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
2589 # 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2590 # 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2591 # 3:00 - +03
2592
2593 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
2594 # Europe/Samara covers...
2595 # 18 RU-UD Udmurt Republic
2596 # 63 RU-SAM Samara Oblast
2597
2598 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
2599 # Byalokoz 1919 says Samara was 3:20:20.
2600 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
2601
2602 Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:20 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00
2603 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samara Time
2604 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27
2605 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev
2606 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2607 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
2608 3:00 - SAMT 1991 Oct 20 3:00
2609 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s
2610 3:00 Russia SAM%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2611 4:00 - SAMT
2612
2613 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
2614 # Europe/Ulyanovsk covers:
2615 # 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast
2616
2617 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
2618
2619 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-02-17):
2620 # Ulyanovsk ... on their way to change time zones by March 27, 2016 at 2am.
2621 # Ulyanovsk Oblast ... from MSK to MSK+1 (UTC+3 to UTC+4) ...
2622 # 920582-6 ... 02/17/2016 The State Duma passed the bill in the first reading.
2623 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09):
2624 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090051
2625
2626 Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk 3:13:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00
2627 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21
2628 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
2629 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2630 2:00 Russia +02/+03 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2631 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2632 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2633 3:00 - +03 2016 Mar 27 2:00s
2634 4:00 - +04
2635
2636 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
2637 # Asia/Yekaterinburg covers...
2638 # 02 RU-BA Bashkortostan, Republic of
2639 # 90 RU-PER Perm Krai
2640 # 45 RU-KGN Kurgan Oblast
2641 # 56 RU-ORE Orenburg Oblast
2642 # 66 RU-SVE Sverdlovsk Oblast
2643 # 72 RU-TYU Tyumen Oblast
2644 # 74 RU-CHE Chelyabinsk Oblast
2645 # 86 RU-KHM Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra
2646 # 89 RU-YAN Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
2647 #
2648 # Note: Effective 2005-12-01, (59) Perm Oblast and (81) Komi-Permyak
2649 # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (90, RU-PER) Perm Krai.
2650
2651 # Milne says Yekaterinburg was 4:02:32.9; round to nearest.
2652 # Byalokoz 1919 says its provincial time was based on Perm, at 3:45:05.
2653 # Assume it switched on 1916-07-03, the time of the new standard.
2654 # The 1919 and 1930 transitions are from Shanks.
2655
2656 Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1916 Jul 3
2657 3:45:05 - PMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00
2658 4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time
2659 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2660 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2661 5:00 Russia YEK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2662 6:00 - YEKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2663 5:00 - YEKT
2664
2665
2666 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
2667 # Asia/Omsk covers...
2668 # 55 RU-OMS Omsk Oblast
2669
2670 # Byalokoz 1919 says Omsk was 4:53:30.
2671
2672 Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:30 - LMT 1919 Nov 14
2673 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk Time
2674 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2675 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2676 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2677 7:00 - OMST 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2678 6:00 - OMST
2679
2680 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-22):
2681 # Asia/Barnaul covers:
2682 # 04 RU-AL Altai Republic
2683 # 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai
2684
2685 # Data before 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger.
2686
2687 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07):
2688 # Letter of Bank of Russia from 1995-05-25
2689 # http://www.bestpravo.ru/rossijskoje/lj-akty/y3a.htm
2690 # suggests that Altai Republic transitioned to Moscow+3 on
2691 # 1995-05-28.
2692 #
2693 # http://regnum.ru/news/society/1957270.html
2694 # has some historical data for Altai Krai:
2695 # before 1957: west part on UTC+6, east on UTC+7
2696 # after 1957: UTC+7
2697 # since 1995: UTC+6
2698 # http://barnaul.rusplt.ru/index/pochemu_altajskij_kraj_okazalsja_v_neprivychnom_chasovom_pojase-17648.html
2699 # confirms that and provides more details including 1995-05-28 transition date.
2700
2701 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-02-17):
2702 # Altai Krai and Altai Republic on their way to change time zones
2703 # by March 27, 2016 at 2am....
2704 # Altai Republic / Gorno-Altaysk MSK+3 to MSK+4 (UTC+6 to UTC+7) ...
2705 # Altai Krai / Barnaul MSK+3 to MSK+4 (UTC+6 to UTC+7)
2706 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09):
2707 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090043
2708 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090038
2709
2710 Zone Asia/Barnaul 5:35:00 - LMT 1919 Dec 10
2711 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21
2712 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2713 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2714 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1995 May 28
2715 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2716 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2717 6:00 - +06 2016 Mar 27 2:00s
2718 7:00 - +07
2719
2720 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
2721 # Asia/Novosibirsk covers:
2722 # 54 RU-NVS Novosibirsk Oblast
2723
2724 Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00
2725 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time
2726 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2727 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2728 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P.
2729 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2730 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2731 6:00 - NOVT
2732
2733 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
2734 # Asia/Tomsk covers:
2735 # 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast
2736 #
2737 # Asia/Tomsk is still in draft form and for now is commented out.
2738 # Tomsk may be changing time zones in 2016 (not decided yet).
2739
2740 # From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29):
2741 # Tomsk is still 4 hours ahead of Moscow.
2742
2743 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-19):
2744 # http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102075743
2745 # (fifth time belt being UTC+5+1(decree time)
2746 # / UTC+5+1(decree time)+1(summer time)) ...
2747 # Note that time belts (numbered from 2 (Moscow) to 12 according to their
2748 # GMT/UTC offset and having too many exceptions like regions formally
2749 # belonging to one belt but using time from another) were replaced
2750 # with time zones in 2011 with different numberings (there was a
2751 # 2-hour gap between second and third zones in 2011-2014).
2752
2753 #Zone Asia/Tomsk 5:39:52 - LMT 1919 Dec 22
2754 # 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21
2755 # 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2756 # 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2757 # 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2002 May 1 3:00
2758 # 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2759 # 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2760 # 6:00 - +06
2761
2762
2763 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
2764 # Asia/Novokuznetsk covers...
2765 # 42 RU-KEM Kemerovo Oblast
2766
2767 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-10-13):
2768 # Kemerovo oblast' (Kemerovo region) in Russia will change current time zone on
2769 # March 28, 2010:
2770 # from current Russia Zone 6 - Krasnoyarsk Time Zone (KRA) UTC +0700
2771 # to Russia Zone 5 - Novosibirsk Time Zone (NOV) UTC +0600
2772 #
2773 # This is according to Government of Russia decree No. 740, on September
2774 # 14, 2009 "Application in the territory of the Kemerovo region the Fifth
2775 # time zone." ("Russia Zone 5" or old "USSR Zone 5" is GMT +0600)
2776 #
2777 # Russian Government web site (Russian language)
2778 # http://www.government.ru/content/governmentactivity/rfgovernmentdecisions/archive/2009/09/14/991633.htm
2779 # or Russian-English translation by WorldTimeZone.com with reference
2780 # map to local region and new Russia Time Zone map after March 28, 2010
2781 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html
2782 #
2783 # Thus, when Russia will switch to DST on the night of March 28, 2010
2784 # Kemerovo region (Kemerovo oblast') will not change the clock.
2785
2786 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02):
2787 # The Kemerovo region will remain at UTC+7 through the 2014-10-26 change, thus
2788 # realigning itself with KRAT.
2789
2790 Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - LMT 1924 May 1
2791 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time
2792 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2793 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2794 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s
2795 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s # Novosibirsk
2796 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2797 7:00 - KRAT # Krasnoyarsk Time
2798
2799
2800 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
2801 # Asia/Krasnoyarsk covers...
2802 # 17 RU-TY Tuva Republic
2803 # 19 RU-KK Khakassia, Republic of
2804 # 24 RU-KYA Krasnoyarsk Krai
2829 # Byalokoz 1919 says Irkutsk was 6:57:05.
2830 # Go with Byalokoz.
2831
2832 Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:05 - LMT 1880
2833 6:57:05 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time
2834 7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time
2835 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2836 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2837 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2838 9:00 - IRKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2839 8:00 - IRKT
2840
2841
2842 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06):
2843 # Asia/Chita covers...
2844 # 92 RU-ZAB Zabaykalsky Krai
2845 #
2846 # Note: Effective 2008-03-01, (75) Chita Oblast and (80) Agin-Buryat
2847 # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (92, RU-ZAB) Zabaykalsky Krai.
2848
2849 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-02):
2850 # [The] time zone in the Trans-Baikal Territory (Zabaykalsky Krai) -
2851 # Asia/Chita [is changing] from UTC+8 to UTC+9. Effective date will
2852 # be March 27, 2016 at 2:00am....
2853 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201512300107
2854
2855 Zone Asia/Chita 7:33:52 - LMT 1919 Dec 15
2856 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
2857 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2858 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2859 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2860 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2861 8:00 - IRKT 2016 Mar 27 2:00
2862 9:00 - YAKT
2863
2864
2865 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
2866 # Asia/Yakutsk covers...
2867 # 28 RU-AMU Amur Oblast
2868 #
2869 # ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic:
2870 # 14-02 **** Aldansky District
2871 # 14-04 **** Amginsky District
2872 # 14-05 **** Anabarsky District
2873 # 14-06 **** Bulunsky District
2874 # 14-07 **** Verkhnevilyuysky District
2875 # 14-10 **** Vilyuysky District
2876 # 14-11 **** Gorny District
2877 # 14-12 **** Zhigansky District
2878 # 14-13 **** Kobyaysky District
2879 # 14-14 **** Lensky District
2880 # 14-15 **** Megino-Kangalassky District
2881 # 14-16 **** Mirninsky District
2882 # 14-18 **** Namsky District
2944 # Make a wild guess that it switched to Vladivostok time in 2004.
2945 # This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info.
2946
2947 Zone Asia/Khandyga 9:02:13 - LMT 1919 Dec 15
2948 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
2949 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2950 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2951 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2004
2952 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2953 11:00 - VLAT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725?
2954 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2955 9:00 - YAKT
2956
2957
2958 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
2959 # Asia/Sakhalin covers...
2960 # 65 RU-SAK Sakhalin Oblast
2961 # ...with the exception of:
2962 # 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands)
2963
2964 # From Matt Johnson (2016-02-22):
2965 # Asia/Sakhalin is moving (in entirety) from UTC+10 to UTC+11 ...
2966 # (2016-03-09):
2967 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090044
2968
2969 # The Zone name should be Asia/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long.
2970 Zone Asia/Sakhalin 9:30:48 - LMT 1905 Aug 23
2971 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1
2972 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 25
2973 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T
2974 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2975 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s
2976 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2977 11:00 - SAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2978 10:00 - SAKT 2016 Mar 27 2:00s
2979 11:00 - SAKT
2980
2981
2982 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
2983 # Asia/Magadan covers...
2984 # 49 RU-MAG Magadan Oblast
2985
2986 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02):
2987 # Magadan Oblast is moving from UTC+12 to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26; however,
2988 # several districts of Sakha Republic as well as Severo-Kurilsky District of
2989 # the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands), represented
2990 # until now by Asia/Magadan, will instead move to UTC+11. These regions will
2991 # need their own zone.
2992
2993 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-03):
2994 # Magadan Oblast / Magadan (draft bill date of entry 2015-12-08),
2995 # UTC+10 to UTC+11
2996 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-17):
2997 # The bill is currently proposed to be approved in both the second and
2998 # the third readings on 2016-03-22. It might be in time to be approved
2999 # by the Federation Council on 2016-03-23.
3000
3001 Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
3002 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time
3003 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
3004 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
3005 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
3006 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
3007 10:00 - MAGT
3008 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
3009 # If the bill passes as-is, replace the previous data line with:
3010 # 10:00 - MAGT 2016 Apr 24 2:00s
3011 # 11:00 - MAGT
3012 # and update zone1970.tab and zone.tab to say "MSK+08" for Asia/Magadan.
3013
3014
3015 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06):
3016 # Asia/Srednekolymsk covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic:
3017 # 14-01 **** Abyysky District
3018 # 14-03 **** Allaikhovsky District
3019 # 14-08 **** Verkhnekolymsky District
3020 # 14-17 **** Momsky District
3021 # 14-20 **** Nizhnekolymsky District
3022 # 14-25 **** Srednekolymsky District
3023 #
3024 # ...and parts of (65, RU-SAK) Sakhalin Oblast:
3025 # 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands)
3026
3027 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02):
3028 # Oymyakonsky District of Sakha Republic (represented by Ust-Nera), along with
3029 # most of Sakhalin Oblast (represented by Sakhalin) will be moving to UTC+10 on
3030 # 2014-10-26 to stay aligned with VLAT/SAKT; however, Severo-Kurilsky District
3031 # of the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands, represented by
3032 # Severo-Kurilsk) will remain on UTC+11.
3416 # From Faruk Pasin (2014-02-14):
3417 # The DST for Turkey has been changed for this year because of the
3418 # Turkish Local election....
3419 # http://www.sabah.com.tr/Ekonomi/2014/02/12/yaz-saatinde-onemli-degisiklik
3420 # ... so Turkey will move clocks forward one hour on March 31 at 3:00 a.m.
3421 # From Randal L. Schwartz (2014-04-15):
3422 # Having landed on a flight from the states to Istanbul (via AMS) on March 31,
3423 # I can tell you that NOBODY (even the airlines) respected this timezone DST
3424 # change delay. Maybe the word just didn't get out in time.
3425 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-15):
3426 # The press reported massive confusion, as election officials obeyed the rule
3427 # change but cell phones (and airline baggage systems) did not. See:
3428 # Kostidis M. Eventful elections in Turkey. Balkan News Agency
3429 # http://www.balkaneu.com/eventful-elections-turkey/ 2014-03-30.
3430 # I guess the best we can do is document the official time.
3431
3432 # From Fatih (2015-09-29):
3433 # It's officially announced now by the Ministry of Energy.
3434 # Turkey delays winter time to 8th of November 04:00
3435 # http://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/yaz-saati-uygulamasi-8-kasimda-sona-erecek/362217
3436 #
3437 # From BBC News (2015-10-25):
3438 # Confused Turks are asking "what's the time?" after automatic clocks defied a
3439 # government decision ... "For the next two weeks #Turkey is on EEST... Erdogan
3440 # Engineered Standard Time," said Twitter user @aysekarahasan.
3441 # http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34631326
3442
3443 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3444 Rule Turkey 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
3445 Rule Turkey 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
3446 Rule Turkey 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
3447 Rule Turkey 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 -
3448 Rule Turkey 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
3449 Rule Turkey 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
3450 Rule Turkey 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
3451 Rule Turkey 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
3452 # Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 - Sep 16 and no DST in 1924-1925;
3453 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
3454 Rule Turkey 1924 only - May 13 0:00 1:00 S
3455 Rule Turkey 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
3456 Rule Turkey 1925 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
3457 Rule Turkey 1940 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 S
3458 Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 5 0:00 0 -
3459 Rule Turkey 1940 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
3460 Rule Turkey 1941 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
3461 Rule Turkey 1942 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
|