Print this page
6870 Update zoneinfo to 2016c
Reviewed by: Jason King <jason.brian.king@gmail.com>
Reviewed by: Igor Kozhukhov <ikozhukhov@gmail.com>
        
*** 608,617 ****
--- 608,637 ----
  Rule    Russia  1993    2010    -       Mar     lastSun  2:00s  1:00    S
  Rule    Russia  1993    1995    -       Sep     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
  Rule    Russia  1996    2010    -       Oct     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
  # As described below, Russia's 2014 change affects Zone data, not Rule data.
  
+ # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07):
+ # Wikipedia and other sources refer to the Act of the Council of
+ # Ministers of the USSR from 1988-01-04 No. 5 and the Act of the
+ # Council of Ministers of the USSR from 1989-03-14 No. 227.
+ #
+ # I did not find full texts of these acts.  For the 1989 one we have
+ # title at http://base.garant.ru/70754136/ :
+ # "About change in calculation of time on the territories of
+ # Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR and Estonian SSR, Astrakhan,
+ # Kaliningrad, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk and Uralsk oblasts".
+ # And http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt appears to
+ # contain quotes from both acts: Since last Sunday of March 1988 rules
+ # of the second time belt are installed in Volgograd and Saratov
+ # oblasts.  Since last Sunday of March 1989:
+ # a) Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR, Estonian SSR, Kaliningrad oblast:
+ # second time belt rules without extra hour (Moscow-1);
+ # b) Astrakhan, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk oblasts: second time belt
+ # rules (Moscow time)
+ # c) Uralsk oblast: third time belt rules (Moscow+1).
+ 
  # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-06-14):
  # According to Kremlin press service, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev
  # signed a federal law "On calculation of time" on June 9, 2011.
  # According to the law Russia is abolishing daylight saving time.
  #
*** 1003,1012 ****
--- 1023,1038 ----
  # the 1995 map as like Godthåb.
  # For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthåb before 1996.
  # startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error,
  # so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year.
  # For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules.
+ 
+ # From J William Piggott (2016-02-20):
+ # "Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund" is officially named
+ # "National Park" by Executive Order:
+ # http://naalakkersuisut.gl/~/media/Nanoq/Files/Attached%20Files/Engelske-tekster/Legislation/Executive%20Order%20National%20Park.rtf
+ # It is their only National Park.
  #
  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
  Rule    Thule   1991    1992    -       Mar     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
  Rule    Thule   1991    1992    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
  Rule    Thule   1993    2006    -       Apr     Sun>=1  2:00    1:00    D
*** 1028,1037 ****
--- 1054,1067 ----
                          -3:00   EU      WG%sT
  Zone America/Thule      -4:35:08 -      LMT     1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base
                          -4:00   Thule   A%sT
  
  # Estonia
+ #
+ # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
+ # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
+ #
  # From Peter Ilieve (1994-10-15):
  # A relative in Tallinn confirms the accuracy of the data for 1989 onwards
  # [through 1994] and gives the legal authority for it,
  # a regulation of the Government of Estonia, No. 111 of 1989....
  #
*** 1621,1630 ****
--- 1651,1663 ----
  Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz
  
  
  # Lithuania
  
+ # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
+ # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
+ 
  # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
  # IATA SSIM (1992/1996) says Lithuania uses W-Eur rules, but since it is
  # known to be wrong about Estonia and Latvia, assume it's wrong here too.
  
  # From Marius Gedminas (1998-08-07):
*** 1660,1671 ****
                          1:00    -       CET     1920 Jul 12
                          2:00    -       EET     1920 Oct  9
                          1:00    -       CET     1940 Aug  3
                          3:00    -       MSK     1941 Jun 24
                          1:00    C-Eur   CE%sT   1944 Aug
!                         3:00    Russia  MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31  2:00s
!                         2:00    1:00    EEST    1991 Sep 29  2:00s
                          2:00    C-Eur   EE%sT   1998
                          2:00    -       EET     1998 Mar 29  1:00u
                          1:00    EU      CE%sT   1999 Oct 31  1:00u
                          2:00    -       EET     2003 Jan  1
                          2:00    EU      EE%sT
--- 1693,1704 ----
                          1:00    -       CET     1920 Jul 12
                          2:00    -       EET     1920 Oct  9
                          1:00    -       CET     1940 Aug  3
                          3:00    -       MSK     1941 Jun 24
                          1:00    C-Eur   CE%sT   1944 Aug
!                         3:00    Russia  MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26  2:00s
!                         2:00    Russia  EE%sT   1991 Sep 29  2:00s
                          2:00    C-Eur   EE%sT   1998
                          2:00    -       EET     1998 Mar 29  1:00u
                          1:00    EU      CE%sT   1999 Oct 31  1:00u
                          2:00    -       EET     2003 Jan  1
                          2:00    EU      EE%sT
*** 1726,1735 ****
--- 1759,1778 ----
                          1:00    Malta   CE%sT   1981
                          1:00    EU      CE%sT
  
  # Moldova
  
+ # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07):
+ # the act of the government of the Republic of Moldova Nr. 132 from 1990-05-04
+ # http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=298782&lang=2
+ # ... says that since 1990-05-06 on the territory of the Moldavian SSR
+ # time would be calculated as the standard time of the second time belt
+ # plus one hour of the "summer" time. To implement that clocks would be
+ # adjusted one hour backwards at 1990-05-06 2:00. After that "summer"
+ # time would be cancelled last Sunday of September at 3:00 and
+ # reintroduced last Sunday of March at 2:00.
+ 
  # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
  # A previous version of this database followed Shanks & Pottenger, who write
  # that Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00.
  # However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence
  # on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree).
*** 1784,1796 ****
                          1:55    -       CMT     1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT
                          1:44:24 -       BMT     1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT
                          2:00    Romania EE%sT   1940 Aug 15
                          2:00    1:00    EEST    1941 Jul 17
                          1:00    C-Eur   CE%sT   1944 Aug 24
!                         3:00    Russia  MSK/MSD 1990
!                         3:00    -       MSK     1990 May 6
!                         2:00    -       EET     1991
                          2:00    Russia  EE%sT   1992
                          2:00    E-Eur   EE%sT   1997
  # See Romania commentary for the guessed 1997 transition to EU rules.
                          2:00    Moldova EE%sT
  
--- 1827,1837 ----
                          1:55    -       CMT     1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT
                          1:44:24 -       BMT     1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT
                          2:00    Romania EE%sT   1940 Aug 15
                          2:00    1:00    EEST    1941 Jul 17
                          1:00    C-Eur   CE%sT   1944 Aug 24
!                         3:00    Russia  MSK/MSD 1990 May  6  2:00
                          2:00    Russia  EE%sT   1992
                          2:00    E-Eur   EE%sT   1997
  # See Romania commentary for the guessed 1997 transition to EU rules.
                          2:00    Moldova EE%sT
  
*** 2264,2283 ****
  
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
  # Europe/Kaliningrad covers...
  # 39    RU-KGD  Kaliningrad Oblast
  
  Zone Europe/Kaliningrad  1:22:00 -      LMT     1893 Apr
                           1:00   C-Eur   CE%sT   1945
                           2:00   Poland  CE%sT   1946
!                          3:00   Russia  MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31  2:00s
                           2:00   Russia  EE%sT   2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                           3:00   -       FET     2014 Oct 26  2:00s
                           2:00   -       EET
  
  
! # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
  # Europe/Moscow covers...
  # 01    RU-AD   Adygea, Republic of
  # 05    RU-DA   Dagestan, Republic of
  # 06    RU-IN   Ingushetia, Republic of
  # 07    RU-KB   Kabardino-Balkar Republic
--- 2305,2340 ----
  
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
  # Europe/Kaliningrad covers...
  # 39    RU-KGD  Kaliningrad Oblast
  
+ # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
+ # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
+ 
+ # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07):
+ # http://www.rgo.ru/ru/kaliningradskoe-oblastnoe-otdelenie/ob-otdelenii/publikacii/kak-nam-zhilos-bez-letnego-vremeni
+ # confirms that the 1989 change to Moscow-1 was implemented.
+ # (The article, though, is misattributed to 1990 while saying that
+ # summer->winter transition would be done on the 24 of September. But
+ # 1990-09-24 was Monday, while 1989-09-24 was Sunday as expected.)
+ # ...
+ # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091
+ # says that Kaliningrad switched to Moscow-1 on 1989-03-26, avoided
+ # at the last moment switch to Moscow-1 on 1991-03-31, switched to
+ # Moscow on 1991-11-03, switched to Moscow-1 on 1992-01-19.
+ 
  Zone Europe/Kaliningrad  1:22:00 -      LMT     1893 Apr
                           1:00   C-Eur   CE%sT   1945
                           2:00   Poland  CE%sT   1946
!                          3:00   Russia  MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26  2:00s
                           2:00   Russia  EE%sT   2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                           3:00   -       FET     2014 Oct 26  2:00s
                           2:00   -       EET
  
  
! # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-21), per Tim Parenti (2014-07-03) and
! # Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
  # Europe/Moscow covers...
  # 01    RU-AD   Adygea, Republic of
  # 05    RU-DA   Dagestan, Republic of
  # 06    RU-IN   Ingushetia, Republic of
  # 07    RU-KB   Kabardino-Balkar Republic
*** 2316,2331 ****
  # 62    RU-RYA  Ryazan Oblast
  # 67    RU-SMO  Smolensk Oblast
  # 68    RU-TAM  Tambov Oblast
  # 69    RU-TVE  Tver Oblast
  # 71    RU-TUL  Tula Oblast
- # 73    RU-ULY  Ulyanovsk Oblast
  # 76    RU-YAR  Yaroslavl Oblast
  # 77    RU-MOW  Moscow
  # 78    RU-SPE  Saint Petersburg
  # 83    RU-NEN  Nenets Autonomous Okrug
  
  # From Vladimir Karpinsky (2014-07-08):
  # LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow
  # Observatory (coordinates: 55 deg. 45'29.70", 37 deg. 34'05.30")....
  # LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard.
  # (The info is from the book by Byalokoz ... p. 18.)
--- 2373,2468 ----
  # 62    RU-RYA  Ryazan Oblast
  # 67    RU-SMO  Smolensk Oblast
  # 68    RU-TAM  Tambov Oblast
  # 69    RU-TVE  Tver Oblast
  # 71    RU-TUL  Tula Oblast
  # 76    RU-YAR  Yaroslavl Oblast
  # 77    RU-MOW  Moscow
  # 78    RU-SPE  Saint Petersburg
  # 83    RU-NEN  Nenets Autonomous Okrug
  
+ # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07):
+ # 11. Regions-violators, 1981-1982.
+ # Wikipedia refers to
+ # http://maps.monetonos.ru/maps/raznoe/Old_Maps/Old_Maps/Articles/022/3_1981.html
+ # http://besp.narod.ru/nauka_1981_3.htm
+ #
+ # The second link provides two articles scanned from the Nauka i Zhizn
+ # magazine No. 3, 1981 and a scan of the short article attributed to
+ # the Trud newspaper from February 1982.  The first link provides the
+ # same Nauka i Zhizn articles converted to the text form (but misses
+ # time belt changes map).
+ #
+ # The second Nauka i Zhizn article says that in addition to
+ # introduction of summer time on 1981-04-01 there are some time belt
+ # border changes on 1981-10-01, mostly affecting Nenets Autonomous
+ # Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Yakutia, Magadan Oblast and Chukotka
+ # according to the provided map (colored one).  In addition to that
+ # "time violators" (regions which were not using rules of the time
+ # belts in which they were located) would not be moving off the DST on
+ # 1981-10-01 to restore the decree time usage.  (Komi ASSR was
+ # supposed to repeat that move in October 1982 to account for the 2
+ # hour difference.)  Map depicting "time violators" before 1981-10-01
+ # is also provided.
+ #
+ # The article from Trud says that 1981-10-01 changes caused problems
+ # and some territories would be moved to pre-1981-10-01 time by not
+ # moving to summer time on 1982-04-01.  Namely: Dagestan,
+ # Kabardino-Balkar, Kalmyk, Komi, Mari, Mordovian, North Ossetian,
+ # Tatar, Chechen-Ingush and Chuvash ASSR, Krasnodar and Stavropol
+ # krais, Arkhangelsk, Vladimir, Vologda, Voronezh, Gorky, Ivanovo,
+ # Kostroma, Lipetsk, Penza, Rostov, Ryazan, Tambov, Tyumen and
+ # Yaroslavl oblasts, Nenets and Evenk autonomous okrugs, Khatangsky
+ # district of Taymyr Autonomous Okrug.  As a result Evenk Autonomous
+ # Okrug and Khatangsky district of Taymyr Autonomous Okrug would end
+ # up on Moscow+4, Tyumen Oblast on Moscow+2 and the rest on Moscow
+ # time.
+ #
+ # http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt
+ # attributes the 1982 changes to the Act of the Council of Ministers
+ # of the USSR No. 126 from 18.02.1982.  1980-925.txt also adds
+ # Udmurtia to the list of affected territories and lists Khatangsky
+ # district separately from Taymyr Autonomous Okurg.  Probably erroneously.
+ #
+ # The affected territories are currently listed under Europe/Moscow,
+ # Asia/Yekaterinburg and Asia/Krasnoyarsk.
+ #
+ # 12. Udmurtia
+ # The fact that Udmurtia is depicted as a violator in the Nauka i
+ # Zhizn article hints at Izhevsk being on different time from
+ # Kuybyshev before 1981-10-01. Udmurtia is not mentioned in the 1989 act.
+ # http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt
+ # implies Udmurtia was on Moscow time after 1982-04-01.
+ # Wikipedia implies Udmurtia being on Moscow+1 until 1991.
+ #
+ # ...
+ #
+ # All Russian zones are supposed to have by default a -1 change at
+ # 1991-03-31 2:00 (cancellation of the decree time in the USSR) and a +1
+ # change at 1992-01-19 2:00 (restoration of the decree time in Russia).
+ #
+ # There were some exceptions, though.
+ # Wikipedia says newspapers listed Astrakhan, Saratov, Kirov, Volgograd,
+ # Izhevsk, Grozny, Kazan and Samara as such exceptions for the 1992
+ # change. (Different newspapers providing different lists. And some
+ # lists found in the internet are quite wild.)
+ #
+ # And apparently some exceptions were reverted in the last moment.
+ # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091
+ # says that Kaliningrad decided not to be an exception 2 days before the
+ # 1991-03-31 switch and one person at
+ # http://izhevsk.ru/forum_light_message/50/682597-m8369040.html
+ # says he remembers that Samara opted out of the 1992-01-19 exception
+ # 2 days before the switch.
+ #
+ #
+ # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
+ # Given the above, we appear to be missing some Zone entries for the
+ # chaotic early 1980s in Russia.  It's not clear what these entries
+ # should be.  For now, sweep this under the rug and just document the
+ # time in Moscow.
+ 
  # From Vladimir Karpinsky (2014-07-08):
  # LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow
  # Observatory (coordinates: 55 deg. 45'29.70", 37 deg. 34'05.30")....
  # LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard.
  # (The info is from the book by Byalokoz ... p. 18.)
*** 2395,2446 ****
                           2:00   EU      EE%sT   2014 Mar 30  2:00
                           4:00   -       MSK     2014 Oct 26  2:00s
                           3:00   -       MSK
  
  
! # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
! # Europe/Volgograd covers...
  # 30    RU-AST  Astrakhan Oblast
  # 34    RU-VGG  Volgograd Oblast
- # 43    RU-KIR  Kirov Oblast
  # 64    RU-SAR  Saratov Oblast
  
- # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-09):
- # Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400 but Wikipedia says +0300.
- # Perhaps it switched after the others?  But we have no data.
- 
  Zone Europe/Volgograd    2:57:40 -      LMT     1920 Jan  3
                           3:00   -       TSAT    1925 Apr  6 # Tsaritsyn Time
                           3:00   -       STAT    1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time
                           4:00   -       STAT    1961 Nov 11
!                          4:00   Russia  VOL%sT  1989 Mar 26  2:00s # Volgograd T
                           3:00   Russia  VOL%sT  1991 Mar 31  2:00s
                           4:00   -       VOLT    1992 Mar 29  2:00s
                           3:00   Russia  MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                           4:00   -       MSK     2014 Oct 26  2:00s
                           3:00   -       MSK
  
  
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
  # Europe/Samara covers...
  # 18    RU-UD   Udmurt Republic
  # 63    RU-SAM  Samara Oblast
  
  # Byalokoz 1919 says Samara was 3:20:20.
  
  Zone Europe/Samara       3:20:20 -      LMT     1919 Jul  1  2:00
!                          3:00   -       SAMT    1930 Jun 21
                           4:00   -       SAMT    1935 Jan 27
                           4:00   Russia  KUY%sT  1989 Mar 26  2:00s # Kuybyshev
                           3:00   Russia  MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31  2:00s
                           2:00   Russia  EE%sT   1991 Sep 29  2:00s
!                          3:00   -       KUYT    1991 Oct 20  3:00
!                          4:00   Russia  SAM%sT  2010 Mar 28  2:00s # Samara Time
                           3:00   Russia  SAM%sT  2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                           4:00   -       SAMT
  
  
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
  # Asia/Yekaterinburg covers...
  # 02    RU-BA   Bashkortostan, Republic of
  # 90    RU-PER  Perm Krai
  # 45    RU-KGN  Kurgan Oblast
--- 2532,2640 ----
                           2:00   EU      EE%sT   2014 Mar 30  2:00
                           4:00   -       MSK     2014 Oct 26  2:00s
                           3:00   -       MSK
  
  
! # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
! # Europe/Astrakhan covers:
  # 30    RU-AST  Astrakhan Oblast
+ #
+ # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
+ 
+ # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-12):
+ # On February 10, 2016 Astrakhan Oblast got approval by the Federation
+ # Council to change its time zone to UTC+4 (from current UTC+3 Moscow time)....
+ # This Federal Law shall enter into force on 27 March 2016 at 02:00.
+ # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09):
+ # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201602150056
+ 
+ Zone Europe/Astrakhan    3:12:12 -      LMT     1924 May
+                          3:00   -       +03     1930 Jun 21
+                          4:00   Russia  +04/+05 1989 Mar 26  2:00s
+                          3:00   Russia  +03/+04 1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+                          4:00   -       +04     1992 Mar 29  2:00s
+                          3:00   Russia  +03/+04 2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+                          4:00   -       +04     2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+                          3:00   -       +03     2016 Mar 27  2:00s
+                          4:00   -       +04
+ 
+ # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
+ # Europe/Volgograd covers:
  # 34    RU-VGG  Volgograd Oblast
  # 64    RU-SAR  Saratov Oblast
+ # The 1988 transition is from USSR act No. 5 (1988-01-04).
  
  Zone Europe/Volgograd    2:57:40 -      LMT     1920 Jan  3
                           3:00   -       TSAT    1925 Apr  6 # Tsaritsyn Time
                           3:00   -       STAT    1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time
                           4:00   -       STAT    1961 Nov 11
!                          4:00   Russia  VOL%sT  1988 Mar 27  2:00s # Volgograd T
                           3:00   Russia  VOL%sT  1991 Mar 31  2:00s
                           4:00   -       VOLT    1992 Mar 29  2:00s
                           3:00   Russia  MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                           4:00   -       MSK     2014 Oct 26  2:00s
                           3:00   -       MSK
  
+ # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
+ # Europe/Kirov covers:
+ # 43    RU-KIR  Kirov Oblast
+ # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
+ #
+ # Europe/Kirov is still in draft form and for now is commented out.
+ #
+ #Zone Europe/Kirov       3:18:48 -      LMT     1919 Jul  1  2:00
+ #                        3:00   -       +03     1930 Jun 21
+ #                        4:00   Russia  +04/+05 1989 Mar 26  2:00s
+ #                        3:00   Russia  +03/+04 1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+ #                        4:00   -       +04     1992 Mar 29  2:00s
+ #                        3:00   Russia  +03/+04 2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+ #                        4:00   -       +04     2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+ #                        3:00   -       +03
  
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
  # Europe/Samara covers...
  # 18    RU-UD   Udmurt Republic
  # 63    RU-SAM  Samara Oblast
  
+ # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
  # Byalokoz 1919 says Samara was 3:20:20.
+ # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
  
  Zone Europe/Samara       3:20:20 -      LMT     1919 Jul  1  2:00
!                          3:00   -       SAMT    1930 Jun 21 # Samara Time
                           4:00   -       SAMT    1935 Jan 27
                           4:00   Russia  KUY%sT  1989 Mar 26  2:00s # Kuybyshev
                           3:00   Russia  MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31  2:00s
                           2:00   Russia  EE%sT   1991 Sep 29  2:00s
!                          3:00   -       SAMT    1991 Oct 20  3:00
!                          4:00   Russia  SAM%sT  2010 Mar 28  2:00s
                           3:00   Russia  SAM%sT  2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                           4:00   -       SAMT
  
+ # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
+ # Europe/Ulyanovsk covers:
+ # 73    RU-ULY  Ulyanovsk Oblast
  
+ # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
+ 
+ # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-02-17):
+ # Ulyanovsk ... on their way to change time zones by March 27, 2016 at 2am.
+ # Ulyanovsk Oblast ... from MSK to MSK+1 (UTC+3 to UTC+4) ...
+ # 920582-6 ... 02/17/2016 The State Duma passed the bill in the first reading.
+ # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09):
+ # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090051
+ 
+ Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk    3:13:36 -      LMT     1919 Jul  1  2:00
+                          3:00   -       +03     1930 Jun 21
+                          4:00   Russia  +04/+05 1989 Mar 26  2:00s
+                          3:00   Russia  +03/+04 1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+                          2:00   Russia  +02/+03 1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+                          3:00   Russia  +03/+04 2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+                          4:00   -       +04     2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+                          3:00   -       +03     2016 Mar 27  2:00s
+                          4:00   -       +04
+ 
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
  # Asia/Yekaterinburg covers...
  # 02    RU-BA   Bashkortostan, Republic of
  # 90    RU-PER  Perm Krai
  # 45    RU-KGN  Kurgan Oblast
*** 2469,2480 ****
                           5:00   -       YEKT
  
  
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
  # Asia/Omsk covers...
- # 04    RU-AL   Altai Republic
- # 22    RU-ALT  Altai Krai
  # 55    RU-OMS  Omsk Oblast
  
  # Byalokoz 1919 says Omsk was 4:53:30.
  
  Zone Asia/Omsk           4:53:30 -      LMT     1919 Nov 14
--- 2663,2672 ----
*** 2483,2511 ****
                           5:00   Russia  OMS%sT  1992 Jan 19  2:00s
                           6:00   Russia  OMS%sT  2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                           7:00   -       OMST    2014 Oct 26  2:00s
                           6:00   -       OMST
  
  
! # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
! # Asia/Novosibirsk covers...
! # 54    RU-NVS  Novosibirsk Oblast
! # 70    RU-TOM  Tomsk Oblast
  
! # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's
! # not clear when it switched from +7 to +6.
  
  Zone Asia/Novosibirsk    5:31:40 -      LMT     1919 Dec 14  6:00
                           6:00   -       NOVT    1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time
                           7:00   Russia  NOV%sT  1991 Mar 31  2:00s
                           6:00   Russia  NOV%sT  1992 Jan 19  2:00s
                           7:00   Russia  NOV%sT  1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P.
                           6:00   Russia  NOV%sT  2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                           7:00   -       NOVT    2014 Oct 26  2:00s
                           6:00   -       NOVT
  
  
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
  # Asia/Novokuznetsk covers...
  # 42    RU-KEM  Kemerovo Oblast
  
  # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-10-13):
--- 2675,2767 ----
                           5:00   Russia  OMS%sT  1992 Jan 19  2:00s
                           6:00   Russia  OMS%sT  2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                           7:00   -       OMST    2014 Oct 26  2:00s
                           6:00   -       OMST
  
+ # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-22):
+ # Asia/Barnaul covers:
+ # 04    RU-AL   Altai Republic
+ # 22    RU-ALT  Altai Krai
  
! # Data before 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger.
  
! # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07):
! # Letter of Bank of Russia from 1995-05-25
! # http://www.bestpravo.ru/rossijskoje/lj-akty/y3a.htm
! # suggests that Altai Republic transitioned to Moscow+3 on
! # 1995-05-28.
! #
! # http://regnum.ru/news/society/1957270.html
! # has some historical data for Altai Krai:
! # before 1957: west part on UTC+6, east on UTC+7
! # after 1957: UTC+7
! # since 1995: UTC+6
! # http://barnaul.rusplt.ru/index/pochemu_altajskij_kraj_okazalsja_v_neprivychnom_chasovom_pojase-17648.html
! # confirms that and provides more details including 1995-05-28 transition date.
  
+ # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-02-17):
+ # Altai Krai and Altai Republic on their way to change time zones
+ # by March 27, 2016 at 2am....
+ # Altai Republic / Gorno-Altaysk MSK+3 to MSK+4 (UTC+6 to UTC+7) ...
+ # Altai Krai / Barnaul MSK+3 to MSK+4 (UTC+6 to UTC+7)
+ # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09):
+ # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090043
+ # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090038
+ 
+ Zone Asia/Barnaul        5:35:00 -      LMT     1919 Dec 10
+                          6:00   -       +06     1930 Jun 21
+                          7:00   Russia  +07/+08 1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+                          6:00   Russia  +06/+07 1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+                          7:00   Russia  +07/+08 1995 May 28
+                          6:00   Russia  +06/+07 2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+                          7:00   -       +07     2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+                          6:00   -       +06     2016 Mar 27  2:00s
+                          7:00   -       +07
+ 
+ # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
+ # Asia/Novosibirsk covers:
+ # 54    RU-NVS  Novosibirsk Oblast
+ 
  Zone Asia/Novosibirsk    5:31:40 -      LMT     1919 Dec 14  6:00
                           6:00   -       NOVT    1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time
                           7:00   Russia  NOV%sT  1991 Mar 31  2:00s
                           6:00   Russia  NOV%sT  1992 Jan 19  2:00s
                           7:00   Russia  NOV%sT  1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P.
                           6:00   Russia  NOV%sT  2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                           7:00   -       NOVT    2014 Oct 26  2:00s
                           6:00   -       NOVT
  
+ # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
+ # Asia/Tomsk covers:
+ # 70    RU-TOM  Tomsk Oblast
+ #
+ # Asia/Tomsk is still in draft form and for now is commented out.
+ # Tomsk may be changing time zones in 2016 (not decided yet).
  
+ # From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29):
+ # Tomsk is still 4 hours ahead of Moscow.
+ 
+ # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-19):
+ # http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102075743
+ # (fifth time belt being UTC+5+1(decree time)
+ # / UTC+5+1(decree time)+1(summer time)) ...
+ # Note that time belts (numbered from 2 (Moscow) to 12 according to their
+ # GMT/UTC offset and having too many exceptions like regions formally
+ # belonging to one belt but using time from another) were replaced
+ # with time zones in 2011 with different numberings (there was a
+ # 2-hour gap between second and third zones in 2011-2014).
+ 
+ #Zone Asia/Tomsk         5:39:52 -      LMT     1919 Dec 22
+ #                        6:00   -       +06     1930 Jun 21
+ #                        7:00   Russia  +07/+08 1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+ #                        6:00   Russia  +06/+07 1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+ #                        7:00   Russia  +07/+08 2002 May  1  3:00
+ #                        6:00   Russia  +06/+07 2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+ #                        7:00   -       +07     2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+ #                        6:00   -       +06
+ 
+ 
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
  # Asia/Novokuznetsk covers...
  # 42    RU-KEM  Kemerovo Oblast
  
  # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-10-13):
*** 2524,2536 ****
  # map to local region and new Russia Time Zone map after March 28, 2010
  # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html
  #
  # Thus, when Russia will switch to DST on the night of March 28, 2010
  # Kemerovo region (Kemerovo oblast') will not change the clock.
- #
- # As a result, Kemerovo oblast' will be in the same time zone as
- # Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Barnaul and Altai Republic.
  
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02):
  # The Kemerovo region will remain at UTC+7 through the 2014-10-26 change, thus
  # realigning itself with KRAT.
  
--- 2780,2789 ----
*** 2591,2607 ****
  # 92    RU-ZAB  Zabaykalsky Krai
  #
  # Note: Effective 2008-03-01, (75) Chita Oblast and (80) Agin-Buryat
  # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (92, RU-ZAB) Zabaykalsky Krai.
  
  Zone Asia/Chita  7:33:52 -      LMT     1919 Dec 15
                           8:00   -       YAKT    1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
                           9:00   Russia  YAK%sT  1991 Mar 31  2:00s
                           8:00   Russia  YAK%sT  1992 Jan 19  2:00s
                           9:00   Russia  YAK%sT  2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                          10:00   -       YAKT    2014 Oct 26  2:00s
!                          8:00   -       IRKT
  
  
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
  # Asia/Yakutsk covers...
  # 28    RU-AMU  Amur Oblast
--- 2844,2867 ----
  # 92    RU-ZAB  Zabaykalsky Krai
  #
  # Note: Effective 2008-03-01, (75) Chita Oblast and (80) Agin-Buryat
  # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (92, RU-ZAB) Zabaykalsky Krai.
  
+ # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-02):
+ # [The] time zone in the Trans-Baikal Territory (Zabaykalsky Krai) -
+ # Asia/Chita [is changing] from UTC+8 to UTC+9.  Effective date will
+ # be March 27, 2016 at 2:00am....
+ # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201512300107
+ 
  Zone Asia/Chita  7:33:52 -      LMT     1919 Dec 15
                           8:00   -       YAKT    1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
                           9:00   Russia  YAK%sT  1991 Mar 31  2:00s
                           8:00   Russia  YAK%sT  1992 Jan 19  2:00s
                           9:00   Russia  YAK%sT  2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                          10:00   -       YAKT    2014 Oct 26  2:00s
!                          8:00   -       IRKT    2016 Mar 27  2:00
!                          9:00   -       YAKT
  
  
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
  # Asia/Yakutsk covers...
  # 28    RU-AMU  Amur Oblast
*** 2699,2718 ****
  # Asia/Sakhalin covers...
  # 65    RU-SAK  Sakhalin Oblast
  # ...with the exception of:
  # 65-11 ****    Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands)
  
  # The Zone name should be Asia/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long.
  Zone Asia/Sakhalin       9:30:48 -      LMT     1905 Aug 23
                           9:00   -       JCST    1937 Oct  1
                           9:00   -       JST     1945 Aug 25
                          11:00   Russia  SAK%sT  1991 Mar 31  2:00s # Sakhalin T
                          10:00   Russia  SAK%sT  1992 Jan 19  2:00s
                          11:00   Russia  SAK%sT  1997 Mar lastSun  2:00s
                          10:00   Russia  SAK%sT  2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                          11:00   -       SAKT    2014 Oct 26  2:00s
!                         10:00   -       SAKT
  
  
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
  # Asia/Magadan covers...
  # 49    RU-MAG  Magadan Oblast
--- 2959,2984 ----
  # Asia/Sakhalin covers...
  # 65    RU-SAK  Sakhalin Oblast
  # ...with the exception of:
  # 65-11 ****    Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands)
  
+ # From Matt Johnson (2016-02-22):
+ # Asia/Sakhalin is moving (in entirety) from UTC+10 to UTC+11 ...
+ # (2016-03-09):
+ # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090044
+ 
  # The Zone name should be Asia/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long.
  Zone Asia/Sakhalin       9:30:48 -      LMT     1905 Aug 23
                           9:00   -       JCST    1937 Oct  1
                           9:00   -       JST     1945 Aug 25
                          11:00   Russia  SAK%sT  1991 Mar 31  2:00s # Sakhalin T
                          10:00   Russia  SAK%sT  1992 Jan 19  2:00s
                          11:00   Russia  SAK%sT  1997 Mar lastSun  2:00s
                          10:00   Russia  SAK%sT  2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                          11:00   -       SAKT    2014 Oct 26  2:00s
!                         10:00   -       SAKT    2016 Mar 27  2:00s
!                         11:00   -       SAKT
  
  
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
  # Asia/Magadan covers...
  # 49    RU-MAG  Magadan Oblast
*** 2722,2738 ****
--- 2988,3017 ----
  # several districts of Sakha Republic as well as Severo-Kurilsky District of
  # the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands), represented
  # until now by Asia/Magadan, will instead move to UTC+11.  These regions will
  # need their own zone.
  
+ # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-03):
+ # Magadan Oblast / Magadan (draft bill date of entry 2015-12-08),
+ # UTC+10 to UTC+11
+ # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-17):
+ # The bill is currently proposed to be approved in both the second and
+ # the third readings on 2016-03-22. It might be in time to be approved
+ # by the Federation Council on 2016-03-23.
+ 
  Zone Asia/Magadan       10:03:12 -      LMT     1924 May  2
                          10:00   -       MAGT    1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time
                          11:00   Russia  MAG%sT  1991 Mar 31  2:00s
                          10:00   Russia  MAG%sT  1992 Jan 19  2:00s
                          11:00   Russia  MAG%sT  2011 Mar 27  2:00s
                          12:00   -       MAGT    2014 Oct 26  2:00s
                          10:00   -       MAGT
+ # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
+ # If the bill passes as-is, replace the previous data line with:
+ #                       10:00   -       MAGT    2016 Apr 24  2:00s
+ #                       11:00   -       MAGT
+ # and update zone1970.tab and zone.tab to say "MSK+08" for Asia/Magadan.
  
  
  # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06):
  # Asia/Srednekolymsk covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic:
  # 14-01 ****    Abyysky District
*** 3152,3161 ****
--- 3431,3446 ----
  
  # From Fatih (2015-09-29):
  # It's officially announced now by the Ministry of Energy.
  # Turkey delays winter time to 8th of November 04:00
  # http://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/yaz-saati-uygulamasi-8-kasimda-sona-erecek/362217
+ #
+ # From BBC News (2015-10-25):
+ # Confused Turks are asking "what's the time?" after automatic clocks defied a
+ # government decision ... "For the next two weeks #Turkey is on EEST... Erdogan
+ # Engineered Standard Time," said Twitter user @aysekarahasan.
+ # http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34631326
  
  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
  Rule    Turkey  1916    only    -       May      1      0:00    1:00    S
  Rule    Turkey  1916    only    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       -
  Rule    Turkey  1920    only    -       Mar     28      0:00    1:00    S