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6402 Update zoneinfo to 2015g
Reviewed by: Josef 'Jeff' Sipek <jeffpc@josefsipek.net>
Reviewed by: Marcel Telka <marcel@telka.sk>
Approved by:
    
      
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          --- old/usr/src/cmd/zic/africa
          +++ new/usr/src/cmd/zic/africa
   1    1  # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
   2    2  # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
   3    3  
   4    4  # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
   5    5  # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
   6    6  # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
   7    7  # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
   8    8  
   9    9  # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
  10   10  #
  11   11  # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
  12   12  # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
  13   13  # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
  14   14  # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
  15   15  #
  16   16  # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
  17   17  # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
  18   18  # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
  19   19  # published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
  20   20  # of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,
  21   21  # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
  22   22  #
  23   23  # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
  24   24  # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
  25   25  # I found in the UCLA library.
  26   26  #
  27   27  # For data circa 1899, a common source is:
  28   28  # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
  29   29  # http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
  30   30  #
  31   31  # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
  32   32  # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
  33   33  #
  34   34  # Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
  35   35  # for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively,
  36   36  # but Mark R V Murray reports that
  37   37  # 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
  38   38  # 'CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
  39   39  # 'WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
  40   40  # the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa".
  41   41  # He has heard of "Western Sahara Time" for +0:00 but can find no reference.
  42   42  #
  43   43  # To make things confusing, 'WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
  44   44  # I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,
  45   45  # and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.
  46   46  # This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African
  47   47  # mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.
  48   48  #
  49   49  # To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency:
  50   50  #       -1:00   WAT     West Africa Time (no longer used)
  51   51  #        0:00   GMT     Greenwich Mean Time
  52   52  #        2:00   CAT     Central Africa Time
  53   53  #        2:00   SAST    South Africa Standard Time
  54   54  # and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:
  55   55  #        1:00   WAT     West Africa Time
  56   56  # I realize that this leads to 'WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
  57   57  # for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of
  58   58  # until we get more information.
  59   59  #
  60   60  # I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
  61   61  #        2:00   WAST    West Africa Summer Time
  62   62  #        2:30   BEAT    British East Africa Time (no longer used)
  63   63  #        2:45   BEAUT   British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used)
  64   64  #        3:00   CAST    Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
  65   65  #        3:00   SAST    South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
  66   66  #        3:00   EAT     East Africa Time
  67   67  
  68   68  # Algeria
  69   69  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
  70   70  Rule    Algeria 1916    only    -       Jun     14      23:00s  1:00    S
  71   71  Rule    Algeria 1916    1919    -       Oct     Sun>=1  23:00s  0       -
  72   72  Rule    Algeria 1917    only    -       Mar     24      23:00s  1:00    S
  73   73  Rule    Algeria 1918    only    -       Mar      9      23:00s  1:00    S
  74   74  Rule    Algeria 1919    only    -       Mar      1      23:00s  1:00    S
  75   75  Rule    Algeria 1920    only    -       Feb     14      23:00s  1:00    S
  76   76  Rule    Algeria 1920    only    -       Oct     23      23:00s  0       -
  77   77  Rule    Algeria 1921    only    -       Mar     14      23:00s  1:00    S
  78   78  Rule    Algeria 1921    only    -       Jun     21      23:00s  0       -
  79   79  Rule    Algeria 1939    only    -       Sep     11      23:00s  1:00    S
  80   80  Rule    Algeria 1939    only    -       Nov     19       1:00   0       -
  81   81  Rule    Algeria 1944    1945    -       Apr     Mon>=1   2:00   1:00    S
  82   82  Rule    Algeria 1944    only    -       Oct      8       2:00   0       -
  83   83  Rule    Algeria 1945    only    -       Sep     16       1:00   0       -
  84   84  Rule    Algeria 1971    only    -       Apr     25      23:00s  1:00    S
  85   85  Rule    Algeria 1971    only    -       Sep     26      23:00s  0       -
  86   86  Rule    Algeria 1977    only    -       May      6       0:00   1:00    S
  87   87  Rule    Algeria 1977    only    -       Oct     21       0:00   0       -
  88   88  Rule    Algeria 1978    only    -       Mar     24       1:00   1:00    S
  89   89  Rule    Algeria 1978    only    -       Sep     22       3:00   0       -
  90   90  Rule    Algeria 1980    only    -       Apr     25       0:00   1:00    S
  91   91  Rule    Algeria 1980    only    -       Oct     31       2:00   0       -
  92   92  # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
  93   93  # more precise 0:09:21.
  94   94  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
  95   95  Zone    Africa/Algiers  0:12:12 -       LMT     1891 Mar 15  0:01
  96   96                          0:09:21 -       PMT     1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
  97   97                          0:00    Algeria WE%sT   1940 Feb 25  2:00
  98   98                          1:00    Algeria CE%sT   1946 Oct  7
  99   99                          0:00    -       WET     1956 Jan 29
 100  100                          1:00    -       CET     1963 Apr 14
 101  101                          0:00    Algeria WE%sT   1977 Oct 21
 102  102                          1:00    Algeria CE%sT   1979 Oct 26
 103  103                          0:00    Algeria WE%sT   1981 May
 104  104                          1:00    -       CET
 105  105  
 106  106  # Angola
 107  107  # Benin
 108  108  # See Africa/Lagos.
 109  109  
 110  110  # Botswana
 111  111  # See Africa/Maputo.
 112  112  
 113  113  # Burkina Faso
 114  114  # See Africa/Abidjan.
 115  115  
 116  116  # Burundi
 117  117  # See Africa/Maputo.
 118  118  
 119  119  # Cameroon
 120  120  # See Africa/Lagos.
 121  121  
 122  122  # Cape Verde
 123  123  #
 124  124  # Shanks gives 1907 for the transition to CVT.
 125  125  # Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree
 126  126  # http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
 127  127  # merely made it official?
 128  128  #
 129  129  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 130  130  Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 -     LMT     1907        # Praia
 131  131                          -2:00   -       CVT     1942 Sep
 132  132                          -2:00   1:00    CVST    1945 Oct 15
 133  133                          -2:00   -       CVT     1975 Nov 25  2:00
 134  134                          -1:00   -       CVT
 135  135  
 136  136  # Central African Republic
 137  137  # See Africa/Lagos.
 138  138  
 139  139  # Chad
 140  140  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 141  141  Zone    Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 -       LMT     1912        # N'Djamena
 142  142                          1:00    -       WAT     1979 Oct 14
 143  143                          1:00    1:00    WAST    1980 Mar  8
 144  144                          1:00    -       WAT
 145  145  
 146  146  # Comoros
 147  147  # See Africa/Nairobi.
 148  148  
 149  149  # Democratic Republic of the Congo
 150  150  # See Africa/Lagos for the western part and Africa/Maputo for the eastern.
 151  151  
 152  152  # Republic of the Congo
 153  153  # See Africa/Lagos.
 154  154  
 155  155  # Côte d'Ivoire / Ivory Coast
 156  156  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 157  157  Zone    Africa/Abidjan  -0:16:08 -      LMT     1912
 158  158                           0:00   -       GMT
 159  159  Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Bamako       # Mali
 160  160  Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Banjul       # Gambia
 161  161  Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Conakry      # Guinea
 162  162  Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Dakar        # Senegal
 163  163  Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Freetown     # Sierra Leone
 164  164  Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Lome         # Togo
 165  165  Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Nouakchott   # Mauritania
 166  166  Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Ouagadougou  # Burkina Faso
 167  167  Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Sao_Tome     # São Tomé and Príncipe
 168  168  Link Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/St_Helena  # St Helena
 169  169  
 170  170  # Djibouti
 171  171  # See Africa/Nairobi.
 172  172  
 173  173  ###############################################################################
 174  174  
 175  175  # Egypt
 176  176  
 177  177  # Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh
 178  178  # observatory; round to nearest.  Milne also says that the official time for
 179  179  # Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this
 180  180  # did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said.
 181  181  
 182  182  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 183  183  Rule    Egypt   1940    only    -       Jul     15      0:00    1:00    S
 184  184  Rule    Egypt   1940    only    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       -
 185  185  Rule    Egypt   1941    only    -       Apr     15      0:00    1:00    S
 186  186  Rule    Egypt   1941    only    -       Sep     16      0:00    0       -
 187  187  Rule    Egypt   1942    1944    -       Apr      1      0:00    1:00    S
 188  188  Rule    Egypt   1942    only    -       Oct     27      0:00    0       -
 189  189  Rule    Egypt   1943    1945    -       Nov      1      0:00    0       -
 190  190  Rule    Egypt   1945    only    -       Apr     16      0:00    1:00    S
 191  191  Rule    Egypt   1957    only    -       May     10      0:00    1:00    S
 192  192  Rule    Egypt   1957    1958    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       -
 193  193  Rule    Egypt   1958    only    -       May      1      0:00    1:00    S
 194  194  Rule    Egypt   1959    1981    -       May      1      1:00    1:00    S
 195  195  Rule    Egypt   1959    1965    -       Sep     30      3:00    0       -
 196  196  Rule    Egypt   1966    1994    -       Oct      1      3:00    0       -
 197  197  Rule    Egypt   1982    only    -       Jul     25      1:00    1:00    S
 198  198  Rule    Egypt   1983    only    -       Jul     12      1:00    1:00    S
 199  199  Rule    Egypt   1984    1988    -       May      1      1:00    1:00    S
 200  200  Rule    Egypt   1989    only    -       May      6      1:00    1:00    S
 201  201  Rule    Egypt   1990    1994    -       May      1      1:00    1:00    S
 202  202  # IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00.
 203  203  # Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29.
 204  204  
 205  205  # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20):
 206  206  # "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight
 207  207  # saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of
 208  208  # Egyptians would approve the cancellation."
 209  209  #
 210  210  # Egypt to cancel daylight saving time
 211  211  # http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168
 212  212  # or
 213  213  # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html
 214  214  Rule    Egypt   1995    2010    -       Apr     lastFri  0:00s  1:00    S
 215  215  Rule    Egypt   1995    2005    -       Sep     lastThu 24:00   0       -
 216  216  # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19):
 217  217  # The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports:
 218  218  # Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday
 219  219  # after observing the daylight saving time since May.
 220  220  # http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf
 221  221  Rule    Egypt   2006    only    -       Sep     21      24:00   0       -
 222  222  # From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14):
 223  223  # I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight
 224  224  # saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07.
 225  225  # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:]
 226  226  # http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm
 227  227  # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53
 228  228  # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...:
 229  229  # http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm
 230  230  Rule    Egypt   2007    only    -       Sep     Thu>=1  24:00   0       -
 231  231  # From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06):
 232  232  # Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter
 233  233  # than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each
 234  234  # year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite
 235  235  # hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by
 236  236  # shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently,
 237  237  # unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008.
 238  238  # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
 239  239  # For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August.
 240  240  
 241  241  # From Petr Machata (2009-04-06):
 242  242  # The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited):
 243  243  #
 244  244  # > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009
 245  245  # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo  Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu =
 246  246  # Apr 23
 247  247  # > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200
 248  248  # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo  Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri =
 249  249  # Apr 24
 250  250  # > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800
 251  251  # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo  Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu =
 252  252  # Aug 27
 253  253  # > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800
 254  254  # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo  Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu =
 255  255  # Aug 27
 256  256  # > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200
 257  257  #
 258  258  # > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59=
 259  259  # :59)
 260  260  # > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/
 261  261  #
 262  262  # timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that.
 263  263  #
 264  264  # [1] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263
 265  265  # [2] http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53
 266  266  # [3] http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/
 267  267  
 268  268  # From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20):
 269  269  # In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth
 270  270  # Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday
 271  271  # in September.
 272  272  
 273  273  # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11):
 274  274  # We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet
 275  275  # Information and Decision Support Center:
 276  276  # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html
 277  277  #
 278  278  # The Middle East News Agency
 279  279  # http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx
 280  280  # also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21"
 281  281  # today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT."
 282  282  # Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service,
 283  283  # and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine
 284  284  # (at least today).
 285  285  
 286  286  # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20):
 287  287  # According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has
 288  288  # decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during
 289  289  # Ramadan.
 290  290  #
 291  291  # Arabic translation:
 292  292  # "Clocks to go back during Ramadan - and then forward again"
 293  293  # http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again
 294  294  # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html
 295  295  
 296  296  # From Ahmad El-Dardiry (2014-05-07):
 297  297  # Egypt is to change back to Daylight system on May 15
 298  298  # http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/100735/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-government-to-reapply-daylight-saving-time-.aspx
 299  299  
 300  300  # From Gunther Vermier (2014-05-13):
 301  301  # our Egypt office confirms that the change will be at 15 May "midnight" (24:00)
 302  302  
 303  303  # From Imed Chihi (2014-06-04):
 304  304  # We have finally "located" a precise official reference about the DST changes
 305  305  # in Egypt.  The Ministers Cabinet decision is explained at
 306  306  # http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/Media/CabinetMeetingsDetails.aspx?id=347 ...
 307  307  # [T]his (Arabic) site is not accessible outside Egypt, but the page ...
 308  308  # translates into: "With regard to daylight saving time, it is scheduled to
 309  309  # take effect at exactly twelve o'clock this evening, Thursday, 15 MAY 2014,
 310  310  # to be suspended by twelve o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 26 JUN 2014,
 311  311  # and re-established again at the end of the month of Ramadan, at twelve
  
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 312  312  # o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 31 JUL 2014."  This statement has been
 313  313  # reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]...
 314  314  # http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258
 315  315  
 316  316  # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-04):
 317  317  # Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath of AP report that the Egyptian government says
 318  318  # the change is because of blackouts in Cairo, even though Ahram Online (cited
 319  319  # above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption.  There is
 320  320  # no information about when DST will end this fall.  See:
 321  321  # http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833
      322 +
      323 +# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-04-08):
      324 +# Egypt will start DST on midnight after Thursday, April 30, 2015.
      325 +# This is based on a law (no 35) from May 15, 2014 saying it starts the last
      326 +# Thursday of April....  Clocks will still be turned back for Ramadan, but
      327 +# dates not yet announced....
      328 +# http://almogaz.com/news/weird-news/2015/04/05/1947105 ...
      329 +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-starts-dst-2015.html
      330 +
      331 +# From Ahmed Nazmy (2015-04-20):
      332 +# Egypt's ministers cabinet just announced ... that it will cancel DST at
      333 +# least for 2015.
 322  334  #
 323      -# For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use
 324      -# 2010's rules, and guess that Egypt will switch to standard time at
 325      -# 24:00 the last Thursday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 00:00 the
 326      -# first Friday after Ramadan.  To implement this,
 327      -# transition dates for 2015 through 2037 were determined by running
 328      -# the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the results integrated
 329      -# by hand into the table below.  Ramadan again intrudes on the guessed
 330      -# DST starting in 2038, but that's beyond our somewhat-arbitrary cutoff.
 331      -# (let ((islamic-year 1436))
 332      -#   (while (< islamic-year 1460)
 333      -#     (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year)))
 334      -#           (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))
 335      -#           (friday 5))
 336      -#       (while (/= friday (mod a 7))
 337      -#         (setq a (1- a)))
 338      -#       (while (/= friday (mod b 7))
 339      -#         (setq b (1+ b)))
 340      -#       (setq a (1- a))
 341      -#       (setq b (1- b))
 342      -#       (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a))
 343      -#       (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b))
 344      -#       (insert
 345      -#        (format
 346      -#         (concat "Rule\tEgypt\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t0\t-\n"
 347      -#                 "Rule\tEgypt\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t1:00\tS\n")
 348      -#         (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a))
 349      -#         (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b)))))
 350      -#     (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year))))
      335 +# From Tim Parenti (2015-04-20):
      336 +# http://english.ahram.org.eg/WriterArticles/NewsContentP/1/128195/Egypt/No-daylight-saving-this-summer-Egypts-prime-minist.aspx
      337 +# "Egypt's cabinet agreed on Monday not to switch clocks for daylight saving
      338 +# time this summer, and carry out studies on the possibility of canceling the
      339 +# practice altogether in future years."
      340 +#
      341 +# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-24):
      342 +# Yesterday the office of Egyptian President El-Sisi announced his
      343 +# decision to abandon DST permanently.  See Ahram Online 2015-04-24.
      344 +# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/128509/Egypt/Politics-/Sisi-cancels-daylight-saving-time-in-Egypt.aspx
      345 +
 351  346  Rule    Egypt   2008    only    -       Aug     lastThu 24:00   0       -
 352  347  Rule    Egypt   2009    only    -       Aug     20      24:00   0       -
 353  348  Rule    Egypt   2010    only    -       Aug     10      24:00   0       -
 354  349  Rule    Egypt   2010    only    -       Sep      9      24:00   1:00    S
 355  350  Rule    Egypt   2010    only    -       Sep     lastThu 24:00   0       -
 356  351  Rule    Egypt   2014    only    -       May     15      24:00   1:00    S
 357  352  Rule    Egypt   2014    only    -       Jun     26      24:00   0       -
 358  353  Rule    Egypt   2014    only    -       Jul     31      24:00   1:00    S
 359      -Rule    Egypt   2014    max     -       Sep     lastThu 24:00   0       -
 360      -Rule    Egypt   2015    2019    -       Apr     lastFri  0:00s  1:00    S
 361      -Rule    Egypt   2015    only    -       Jun     11      24:00   0       -
 362      -Rule    Egypt   2015    only    -       Jul     23      24:00   1:00    S
 363      -Rule    Egypt   2016    only    -       Jun      2      24:00   0       -
 364      -Rule    Egypt   2016    only    -       Jul      7      24:00   1:00    S
 365      -Rule    Egypt   2017    only    -       May     25      24:00   0       -
 366      -Rule    Egypt   2017    only    -       Jun     29      24:00   1:00    S
 367      -Rule    Egypt   2018    only    -       May     10      24:00   0       -
 368      -Rule    Egypt   2018    only    -       Jun     14      24:00   1:00    S
 369      -Rule    Egypt   2019    only    -       May      2      24:00   0       -
 370      -Rule    Egypt   2019    only    -       Jun      6      24:00   1:00    S
 371      -Rule    Egypt   2020    only    -       May     28      24:00   1:00    S
 372      -Rule    Egypt   2021    only    -       May     13      24:00   1:00    S
 373      -Rule    Egypt   2022    only    -       May      5      24:00   1:00    S
 374      -Rule    Egypt   2023    max     -       Apr     lastFri  0:00s  1:00    S
      354 +Rule    Egypt   2014    only    -       Sep     lastThu 24:00   0       -
 375  355  
 376  356  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 377  357  Zone    Africa/Cairo    2:05:09 -       LMT     1900 Oct
 378  358                          2:00    Egypt   EE%sT
 379  359  
 380  360  # Equatorial Guinea
 381  361  # See Africa/Lagos.
 382  362  
 383  363  # Eritrea
 384  364  # Ethiopia
 385  365  # See Africa/Nairobi.
 386  366  
 387  367  # Gabon
 388  368  # See Africa/Lagos.
 389  369  
 390  370  # Gambia
 391  371  # See Africa/Abidjan.
 392  372  
 393  373  # Ghana
 394  374  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 395  375  # Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to "the present";
 396  376  # Shanks & Pottenger say 1936 to 1942;
 397  377  # and September 1 to January 1 is given by:
 398  378  # Scott Keltie J, Epstein M (eds), The Statesman's Year-Book,
 399  379  # 57th ed. Macmillan, London (1920), OCLC 609408015, pp xxviii.
 400  380  # For lack of better info, assume DST was observed from 1920 to 1942.
 401  381  Rule    Ghana   1920    1942    -       Sep      1      0:00    0:20    GHST
 402  382  Rule    Ghana   1920    1942    -       Dec     31      0:00    0       GMT
 403  383  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 404  384  Zone    Africa/Accra    -0:00:52 -      LMT     1918
 405  385                           0:00   Ghana   %s
 406  386  
 407  387  # Guinea
 408  388  # See Africa/Abidjan.
 409  389  
 410  390  # Guinea-Bissau
 411  391  #
 412  392  # Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT,
 413  393  # evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree
 414  394  # http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
 415  395  # with the date that it took effect, namely 1912-01-01.
 416  396  #
 417  397  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 418  398  Zone    Africa/Bissau   -1:02:20 -      LMT     1912 Jan  1
 419  399                          -1:00   -       WAT     1975
 420  400                           0:00   -       GMT
 421  401  
 422  402  # Kenya
 423  403  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 424  404  Zone    Africa/Nairobi  2:27:16 -       LMT     1928 Jul
 425  405                          3:00    -       EAT     1930
 426  406                          2:30    -       BEAT    1940
 427  407                          2:45    -       BEAUT   1960
 428  408                          3:00    -       EAT
 429  409  Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Addis_Ababa   # Ethiopia
 430  410  Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Asmara        # Eritrea
 431  411  Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Dar_es_Salaam # Tanzania
 432  412  Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Djibouti
 433  413  Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Kampala       # Uganda
 434  414  Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Mogadishu     # Somalia
 435  415  Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Antananarivo  # Madagascar
 436  416  Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Comoro
 437  417  Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Mayotte
 438  418  
 439  419  # Lesotho
 440  420  # See Africa/Johannesburg.
 441  421  
 442  422  # Liberia
 443  423  # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
 444  424  # In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
 445  425  # from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
 446  426  # Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
 447  427  # Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan;
 448  428  # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
 449  429  # For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and
 450  430  # Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
 451  431  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 452  432  Zone    Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 -      LMT     1882
 453  433                          -0:43:08 -      MMT     1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
 454  434                          -0:44:30 -      LRT     1972 May # Liberia Time
 455  435                           0:00   -       GMT
 456  436  
 457  437  ###############################################################################
 458  438  
 459  439  # Libya
 460  440  
 461  441  # From Even Scharning (2012-11-10):
 462  442  # Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10.
 463  443  # http://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/
 464  444  # Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc
 465  445  #
 466  446  # Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in
 467  447  # http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html
 468  448  #
 469  449  # From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11):
 470  450  # Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1.
 471  451  # The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe
 472  452  # (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on
 473  453  # lastFri instead of lastSun).
 474  454  
 475  455  # From Even Scharning (2013-10-25):
 476  456  # The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was
 477  457  # cancelled yesterday....
 478  458  # http://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/
 479  459  #
 480  460  # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25):
 481  461  # For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UTC+2.
 482  462  
 483  463  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 484  464  Rule    Libya   1951    only    -       Oct     14      2:00    1:00    S
 485  465  Rule    Libya   1952    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    0       -
 486  466  Rule    Libya   1953    only    -       Oct      9      2:00    1:00    S
 487  467  Rule    Libya   1954    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    0       -
 488  468  Rule    Libya   1955    only    -       Sep     30      0:00    1:00    S
 489  469  Rule    Libya   1956    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    0       -
 490  470  Rule    Libya   1982    1984    -       Apr      1      0:00    1:00    S
 491  471  Rule    Libya   1982    1985    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       -
 492  472  Rule    Libya   1985    only    -       Apr      6      0:00    1:00    S
 493  473  Rule    Libya   1986    only    -       Apr      4      0:00    1:00    S
 494  474  Rule    Libya   1986    only    -       Oct      3      0:00    0       -
 495  475  Rule    Libya   1987    1989    -       Apr      1      0:00    1:00    S
 496  476  Rule    Libya   1987    1989    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       -
 497  477  Rule    Libya   1997    only    -       Apr      4      0:00    1:00    S
 498  478  Rule    Libya   1997    only    -       Oct      4      0:00    0       -
 499  479  Rule    Libya   2013    only    -       Mar     lastFri 1:00    1:00    S
 500  480  Rule    Libya   2013    only    -       Oct     lastFri 2:00    0       -
 501  481  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 502  482  Zone    Africa/Tripoli  0:52:44 -       LMT     1920
 503  483                          1:00    Libya   CE%sT   1959
 504  484                          2:00    -       EET     1982
 505  485                          1:00    Libya   CE%sT   1990 May  4
 506  486  # The 1996 and 1997 entries are from Shanks & Pottenger;
 507  487  # the IATA SSIM data entries contain some obvious errors.
 508  488                          2:00    -       EET     1996 Sep 30
 509  489                          1:00    Libya   CE%sT   1997 Oct  4
 510  490                          2:00    -       EET     2012 Nov 10  2:00
 511  491                          1:00    Libya   CE%sT   2013 Oct 25  2:00
 512  492                          2:00    -       EET
 513  493  
 514  494  # Madagascar
 515  495  # See Africa/Nairobi.
 516  496  
 517  497  # Malawi
 518  498  # See Africa/Maputo.
 519  499  
 520  500  # Mali
 521  501  # Mauritania
 522  502  # See Africa/Abidjan.
 523  503  
 524  504  # Mauritius
 525  505  
 526  506  # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25):
 527  507  # Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial
 528  508  # basis....
 529  509  # It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to
 530  510  # 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful....
 531  511  # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html
 532  512  
 533  513  # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25):
 534  514  # http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD
 535  515  
 536  516  # From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30):
 537  517  # The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A
 538  518  # final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving
 539  519  # would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight.
 540  520  
 541  521  # From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):
 542  522  # Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger.
 543  523  
 544  524  # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10):
 545  525  # According to
 546  526  # http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216
 547  527  # (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier
 548  528  # than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31).  The new start
 549  529  # date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time
 550  530  # given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time).
  
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 551  531  #
 552  532  # A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date
 553  533  # to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date,
 554  534  # but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in
 555  535  # USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder
 556  536  # why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which
 557  537  # changes two days later.
 558  538  
 559  539  # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11):
 560  540  # Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving
 561      -# time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally
      541 +# time: Energy conservation?"- No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally
 562  542  # published on Monday, June 30, 2008...
 563  543  #
 564  544  # I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction
 565  545  # de l'heure d'été" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26
 566  546  # and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one....
 567  547  # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html
 568  548  
 569  549  # From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03):
 570  550  # The Government of Mauritius weblink
 571  551  # http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD
 572  552  # Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows:
 573  553  #
 574  554  # 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly
 575  555  # of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in
 576  556  # Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of
 577  557  # the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United
 578  558  # States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the
 579  559  # last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on
 580  560  # the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the
 581  561  # year 2008-2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008
 582  562  # and end on 29 March 2009.
 583  563  
 584  564  # From Ed Maste (2008-10-07):
 585  565  # THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the
 586  566  # beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the
 587  567  # morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March.
 588  568  # http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf
 589  569  
 590  570  # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05):
 591  571  # According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe
 592  572  # DST the coming summer...
 593  573  #
 594  574  # Some sources, in French:
 595  575  # http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB
 596  576  # http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-
 597  577  #
 598  578  # Our wrap-up:
 599  579  # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html
 600  580  
 601  581  # From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11):
 602  582  # The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this:
 603  583  # "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour
 604  584  # at 2am (or 02:00) local time..."
 605  585  
 606  586  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 607  587  Rule Mauritius  1982    only    -       Oct     10      0:00    1:00    S
 608  588  Rule Mauritius  1983    only    -       Mar     21      0:00    0       -
 609  589  Rule Mauritius  2008    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    1:00    S
 610  590  Rule Mauritius  2009    only    -       Mar     lastSun 2:00    0       -
 611  591  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 612  592  Zone Indian/Mauritius   3:50:00 -       LMT     1907 # Port Louis
 613  593                          4:00 Mauritius  MU%sT   # Mauritius Time
 614  594  # Agalega Is, Rodriguez
 615  595  # no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
 616  596  
 617  597  # Mayotte
 618  598  # See Africa/Nairobi.
 619  599  
 620  600  # Morocco
 621  601  # See the 'europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
 622  602  
 623  603  # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
 624  604  # Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between
 625  605  # 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008.
 626  606  #
 627  607  # "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will
 628  608  # be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to
 629  609  # Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...."
 630  610  #
 631  611  # http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html
 632  612  # http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html
 633  613  
 634  614  # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
 635  615  # The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe
 636  616  # Presse:
 637  617  # http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view
 638  618  #
 639  619  # Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt.
 640  620  # spokesman.
 641  621  
 642  622  # From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09):
 643  623  # According to this article:
 644  624  # http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html
 645  625  # (and republished here: <http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html>)
 646  626  # the changes occur at midnight:
 647  627  #
 648  628  # Saturday night May 31st at midnight (which in French is to be
 649  629  # interpreted as the night between Saturday and Sunday)
 650  630  # Sunday night the 28th at midnight
 651  631  #
 652  632  # Seeing that the 28th is Monday, I am guessing that she intends to say
 653  633  # the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between Sunday and
 654  634  # Monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive
 655  635  # June 1st to Sept 27th.
 656  636  #
 657  637  # The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree
 658  638  # published on the web.
 659  639  #
 660  640  # It's also confirmed here:
 661  641  # http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm
 662  642  # on a government portal as being between June 1st and Sept 27th (not yet
 663  643  # posted in English).
 664  644  #
 665  645  # The following Google query will generate many relevant hits:
 666  646  # http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search
 667  647  
 668  648  # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27):
 669  649  # Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31
 670  650  # and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end
 671  651  # of September:
 672  652  #
 673  653  # One article about it (in French):
 674  654  # http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default
 675  655  #
 676  656  # We have some further details posted here:
 677  657  # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html
 678  658  
 679  659  # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17):
 680  660  # Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according
 681  661  # to many sources, such as
 682  662  # http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html
  
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 683  663  # http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312
 684  664  # (French)
 685  665  #
 686  666  # Our summary:
 687  667  # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html
 688  668  
 689  669  # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):
 690  670  # Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre,
 691  671  # Ministère de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics
 692  672  #
 693      -# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967)
      673 +# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 June 1967)
 694  674  # concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of
 695  675  # Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be
 696  676  # advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight.
 697  677  #
 698  678  # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf
 699  679  # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html
 700  680  
 701  681  # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13):
 702  682  # Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization
 703  683  # of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from
 704  684  # 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08.
 705  685  #
 706  686  # Example:
 707  687  # http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html
 708  688  # (French)
 709  689  # Our page:
 710  690  # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html
 711  691  
 712  692  # From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30):
 713  693  # ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format)
 714  694  # The 3rd April 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd April 01:00:00
 715  695  # The 31st July 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31st July 00:00:00
 716  696  # ...Official links of change in morocco
 717  697  # The change was broadcast on the FM Radio
 718  698  # I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at
 719  699  # +212.537.71.84.00
 720  700  # http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/
 721  701  # They said that
 722  702  # http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view
 723  703  # is the official publication to look at.
 724  704  # They said that the decision was already taken.
 725  705  #
 726  706  # More articles in the press
 727  707  # http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-leve.html
 728  708  # http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923
 729  709  # http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim
 730  710  
 731  711  # From Petr Machata (2011-03-30):
 732  712  # They have it written in English here:
 733  713  # http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view
 734  714  #
 735  715  # It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31,
 736  716  # 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of
 737  717  # wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has
 738  718  # also been like that in the past.
 739  719  
 740  720  # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09):
 741  721  # According to Infomédiaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma),
 742  722  # on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure légale:
 743  723  # Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'été
 744  724  # http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9
 745  725  # Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on
 746  726  # the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on
 747  727  # last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012)
 748  728  # except the month of Ramadan.
 749  729  # or (brief)
 750  730  # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html
 751  731  
 752  732  # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10):
 753  733  # The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in
 754  734  # effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day;
 755  735  # it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX.
 756  736  # Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about
 757  737  # start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX.
 758  738  
 759  739  # From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16):
 760  740  # Seen Morocco change again:
 761  741  # http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php
 762  742  # "...à partir du dernier dimanche d'avril et non fins mars,
 763  743  # comme annoncé précédemment."
 764  744  
 765  745  # From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17):
 766  746  # The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government:
 767  747  # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French]
 768  748  #
 769  749  # Google translation, lightly edited:
 770  750  # Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT)
 771  751  # Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18,
 772  752  # 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the
 773  753  # Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry
 774  754  # of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return
 775  755  # of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until
 776  756  # Monday, August 20, 2012.  So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from
 777  757  # 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes
 778  758  # August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am.
 779  759  
 780  760  # From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06):
 781  761  # Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be
 782  762  # announced a bit in advance.  On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government
 783  763  # announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be
 784  764  # 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see
 785  765  # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288
 786  766  
 787  767  # From Andrew Paprocki (2013-07-02):
 788  768  # Morocco announced that the year's Ramadan daylight-savings
 789  769  # transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see:
 790  770  # http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10
 791  771  
 792  772  # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28):
 793  773  # Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day
 794  774  # before it was going to end.  There is a new decree (2.13.781) for
 795  775  # this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00
 796  776  # to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules.  Official
 797  777  # source (French):
 798  778  # http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013
 799  779  # Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree):
 800  780  # http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html
  
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 801  781  
 802  782  # From Sebastien Willemijns (2014-03-18):
 803  783  # http://www.afriquinfos.com/articles/2014/3/18/maroc-heure-dete-avancez-tous-horloges-247891.asp
 804  784  
 805  785  # From Milamber Space Network (2014-06-05):
 806  786  # The Moroccan government has recently announced that the country will return
 807  787  # to standard time at 03:00 on Saturday, June 28, 2014 local time....  DST
 808  788  # will resume again at 02:00 on Saturday, August 2, 2014....
 809  789  # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=586
 810  790  
 811      -# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-05):
 812      -# For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use 2014's rules,
      791 +# From Milamber (2015-06-08):
      792 +# (Google Translation) The hour will thus be delayed 60 minutes
      793 +# Sunday, June 14 at 3:00, the ministry said in a statement, adding
      794 +# that the time will be advanced again 60 minutes Sunday, July 19,
      795 +# 2015 at 2:00.  The move comes under 2.12.126 Decree of 26 Jumada I
      796 +# 1433 (18 April 2012) and the decision of the Head of Government of
      797 +# 16 N. 3-29-15 Chaaban 1435 (4 June 2015).
      798 +# Source (french):
      799 +# http://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/
      800 +#
      801 +# From Milamber (2015-06-09):
      802 +# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=863
      803 +#
      804 +# From Michael Deckers (2015-06-09):
      805 +# [The gov.ma announcement] would (probably) make the switch on 2015-07-19 go
      806 +# from 03:00 to 04:00 rather than from 02:00 to 03:00, as in the patch....
      807 +# I think the patch is correct and the quoted text is wrong; the text in
      808 +# <http://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/> agrees
      809 +# with the patch.
      810 +
      811 +# From Paul Eggert (2015-06-08):
      812 +# For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use 2015's rules,
 813  813  # and guess that Morocco will switch to standard time at 03:00 the last
 814      -# Saturday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 02:00 the first Saturday after
 815      -# Ramadan.  To implement this, transition dates for 2015 through 2037 were
      814 +# Sunday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 02:00 the first Sunday after
      815 +# Ramadan.  To implement this, transition dates for 2016 through 2037 were
 816  816  # determined by running the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the
 817  817  # results integrated by hand into the table below.
 818      -# (let ((islamic-year 1436))
      818 +# (let ((islamic-year 1437))
      819 +#   (require 'cal-islam)
 819  820  #   (while (< islamic-year 1460)
 820  821  #     (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year)))
 821  822  #           (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))
 822      -#           (saturday 6))
 823      -#       (while (/= saturday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7)))
 824      -#       (while (/= saturday (mod b 7))
      823 +#           (sunday 0))
      824 +#       (while (/= sunday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7)))
      825 +#       (while (/= sunday (mod b 7))
 825  826  #         (setq b (1+ b)))
 826  827  #       (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a))
 827  828  #       (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b))
 828  829  #       (insert
 829  830  #        (format
 830  831  #         (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t0\t-\n"
 831  832  #                 "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t1:00\tS\n")
 832  833  #         (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a))
 833  834  #         (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b)))))
 834  835  #     (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year))))
 835  836  
 836  837  # RULE  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 837  838  
 838  839  Rule    Morocco 1939    only    -       Sep     12       0:00   1:00    S
 839  840  Rule    Morocco 1939    only    -       Nov     19       0:00   0       -
 840  841  Rule    Morocco 1940    only    -       Feb     25       0:00   1:00    S
 841  842  Rule    Morocco 1945    only    -       Nov     18       0:00   0       -
 842  843  Rule    Morocco 1950    only    -       Jun     11       0:00   1:00    S
 843  844  Rule    Morocco 1950    only    -       Oct     29       0:00   0       -
 844  845  Rule    Morocco 1967    only    -       Jun      3      12:00   1:00    S
 845  846  Rule    Morocco 1967    only    -       Oct      1       0:00   0       -
 846  847  Rule    Morocco 1974    only    -       Jun     24       0:00   1:00    S
 847  848  Rule    Morocco 1974    only    -       Sep      1       0:00   0       -
 848  849  Rule    Morocco 1976    1977    -       May      1       0:00   1:00    S
 849  850  Rule    Morocco 1976    only    -       Aug      1       0:00   0       -
 850  851  Rule    Morocco 1977    only    -       Sep     28       0:00   0       -
 851  852  Rule    Morocco 1978    only    -       Jun      1       0:00   1:00    S
 852  853  Rule    Morocco 1978    only    -       Aug      4       0:00   0       -
 853  854  Rule    Morocco 2008    only    -       Jun      1       0:00   1:00    S
 854  855  Rule    Morocco 2008    only    -       Sep      1       0:00   0       -
 855  856  Rule    Morocco 2009    only    -       Jun      1       0:00   1:00    S
 856  857  Rule    Morocco 2009    only    -       Aug     21       0:00   0       -
 857  858  Rule    Morocco 2010    only    -       May      2       0:00   1:00    S
  
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 858  859  Rule    Morocco 2010    only    -       Aug      8       0:00   0       -
 859  860  Rule    Morocco 2011    only    -       Apr      3       0:00   1:00    S
 860  861  Rule    Morocco 2011    only    -       Jul     31       0      0       -
 861  862  Rule    Morocco 2012    2013    -       Apr     lastSun  2:00   1:00    S
 862  863  Rule    Morocco 2012    only    -       Sep     30       3:00   0       -
 863  864  Rule    Morocco 2012    only    -       Jul     20       3:00   0       -
 864  865  Rule    Morocco 2012    only    -       Aug     20       2:00   1:00    S
 865  866  Rule    Morocco 2013    only    -       Jul      7       3:00   0       -
 866  867  Rule    Morocco 2013    only    -       Aug     10       2:00   1:00    S
 867  868  Rule    Morocco 2013    max     -       Oct     lastSun  3:00   0       -
 868      -Rule    Morocco 2014    2022    -       Mar     lastSun  2:00   1:00    S
      869 +Rule    Morocco 2014    2021    -       Mar     lastSun  2:00   1:00    S
 869  870  Rule    Morocco 2014    only    -       Jun     28       3:00   0       -
 870  871  Rule    Morocco 2014    only    -       Aug      2       2:00   1:00    S
 871      -Rule    Morocco 2015    only    -       Jun     13       3:00   0       -
 872      -Rule    Morocco 2015    only    -       Jul     18       2:00   1:00    S
 873      -Rule    Morocco 2016    only    -       Jun      4       3:00   0       -
 874      -Rule    Morocco 2016    only    -       Jul      9       2:00   1:00    S
 875      -Rule    Morocco 2017    only    -       May     20       3:00   0       -
 876      -Rule    Morocco 2017    only    -       Jul      1       2:00   1:00    S
 877      -Rule    Morocco 2018    only    -       May     12       3:00   0       -
 878      -Rule    Morocco 2018    only    -       Jun     16       2:00   1:00    S
 879      -Rule    Morocco 2019    only    -       May      4       3:00   0       -
 880      -Rule    Morocco 2019    only    -       Jun      8       2:00   1:00    S
 881      -Rule    Morocco 2020    only    -       Apr     18       3:00   0       -
 882      -Rule    Morocco 2020    only    -       May     30       2:00   1:00    S
 883      -Rule    Morocco 2021    only    -       Apr     10       3:00   0       -
 884      -Rule    Morocco 2021    only    -       May     15       2:00   1:00    S
 885      -Rule    Morocco 2022    only    -       Apr      2       3:00   0       -
 886      -Rule    Morocco 2022    only    -       May      7       2:00   1:00    S
 887      -Rule    Morocco 2023    only    -       Apr     22       2:00   1:00    S
 888      -Rule    Morocco 2024    only    -       Apr     13       2:00   1:00    S
 889      -Rule    Morocco 2025    only    -       Apr      5       2:00   1:00    S
      872 +Rule    Morocco 2015    only    -       Jun     14       3:00   0       -
      873 +Rule    Morocco 2015    only    -       Jul     19       2:00   1:00    S
      874 +Rule    Morocco 2016    only    -       Jun      5       3:00   0       -
      875 +Rule    Morocco 2016    only    -       Jul     10       2:00   1:00    S
      876 +Rule    Morocco 2017    only    -       May     21       3:00   0       -
      877 +Rule    Morocco 2017    only    -       Jul      2       2:00   1:00    S
      878 +Rule    Morocco 2018    only    -       May     13       3:00   0       -
      879 +Rule    Morocco 2018    only    -       Jun     17       2:00   1:00    S
      880 +Rule    Morocco 2019    only    -       May      5       3:00   0       -
      881 +Rule    Morocco 2019    only    -       Jun      9       2:00   1:00    S
      882 +Rule    Morocco 2020    only    -       Apr     19       3:00   0       -
      883 +Rule    Morocco 2020    only    -       May     24       2:00   1:00    S
      884 +Rule    Morocco 2021    only    -       Apr     11       3:00   0       -
      885 +Rule    Morocco 2021    only    -       May     16       2:00   1:00    S
      886 +Rule    Morocco 2022    only    -       May      8       2:00   1:00    S
      887 +Rule    Morocco 2023    only    -       Apr     23       2:00   1:00    S
      888 +Rule    Morocco 2024    only    -       Apr     14       2:00   1:00    S
      889 +Rule    Morocco 2025    only    -       Apr      6       2:00   1:00    S
 890  890  Rule    Morocco 2026    max     -       Mar     lastSun  2:00   1:00    S
 891      -Rule    Morocco 2035    only    -       Oct     27       3:00   0       -
 892      -Rule    Morocco 2036    only    -       Oct     18       3:00   0       -
 893      -Rule    Morocco 2037    only    -       Oct     10       3:00   0       -
      891 +Rule    Morocco 2036    only    -       Oct     19       3:00   0       -
      892 +Rule    Morocco 2037    only    -       Oct      4       3:00   0       -
 894  893  
 895  894  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 896  895  Zone Africa/Casablanca  -0:30:20 -      LMT     1913 Oct 26
 897  896                           0:00   Morocco WE%sT   1984 Mar 16
 898  897                           1:00   -       CET     1986
 899  898                           0:00   Morocco WE%sT
 900  899  
 901  900  # Western Sahara
 902  901  #
 903  902  # From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22):
 904  903  # A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters
 905  904  # ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as
 906  905  # Morocco does.
 907  906  #
 908  907  # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23):
 909  908  # Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT,
 910  909  # since most of it was then controlled by Morocco.
 911  910  
 912  911  Zone Africa/El_Aaiun    -0:52:48 -      LMT     1934 Jan # El Aaiún
 913  912                          -1:00   -       WAT     1976 Apr 14
 914  913                           0:00   Morocco WE%sT
 915  914  
 916  915  # Mozambique
 917  916  #
 918  917  # Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT.
 919  918  # Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree
 920  919  # http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
 921  920  # merely made it official?
 922  921  #
 923  922  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 924  923  Zone    Africa/Maputo   2:10:20 -       LMT     1903 Mar
 925  924                          2:00    -       CAT
 926  925  Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Blantyre      # Malawi
 927  926  Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Bujumbura     # Burundi
 928  927  Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Gaborone      # Botswana
 929  928  Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Harare        # Zimbabwe
 930  929  Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Kigali        # Rwanda
 931  930  Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Lubumbashi    # E Dem. Rep. of Congo
 932  931  Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Lusaka        # Zambia
 933  932  
 934  933  # Namibia
 935  934  # The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger.
 936  935  # Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
 937  936  
 938  937  # From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30):
 939  938  # http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html
 940  939  # While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other
 941  940  # settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there
 942  941  # rises and sets earlier compared to other regions.  Chief of
 943  942  # Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of
 944  943  # the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest
 945  944  # of the country.
 946  945  #
 947  946  # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31):
 948  947  # Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but
 949  948  # we have no details.  In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone.
 950  949  
 951  950  # RULE  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 952  951  Rule    Namibia 1994    max     -       Sep     Sun>=1  2:00    1:00    S
 953  952  Rule    Namibia 1995    max     -       Apr     Sun>=1  2:00    0       -
 954  953  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 955  954  Zone    Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 -       LMT     1892 Feb 8
 956  955                          1:30    -       SWAT    1903 Mar    # SW Africa Time
 957  956                          2:00    -       SAST    1942 Sep 20  2:00
 958  957                          2:00    1:00    SAST    1943 Mar 21  2:00
 959  958                          2:00    -       SAST    1990 Mar 21 # independence
 960  959                          2:00    -       CAT     1994 Apr  3
 961  960                          1:00    Namibia WA%sT
 962  961  
 963  962  # Niger
 964  963  # See Africa/Lagos.
 965  964  
 966  965  # Nigeria
 967  966  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 968  967  Zone    Africa/Lagos    0:13:36 -       LMT     1919 Sep
 969  968                          1:00    -       WAT
 970  969  Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Bangui      # Central African Republic
 971  970  Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Brazzaville # Rep. of the Congo
 972  971  Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Douala      # Cameroon
 973  972  Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Kinshasa    # Dem. Rep. of the Congo (west)
 974  973  Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Libreville  # Gabon
 975  974  Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Luanda      # Angola
 976  975  Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Malabo      # Equatorial Guinea
 977  976  Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Niamey      # Niger
 978  977  Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Porto-Novo  # Benin
 979  978  
 980  979  # Réunion
 981  980  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 982  981  Zone    Indian/Reunion  3:41:52 -       LMT     1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
 983  982                          4:00    -       RET     # Réunion Time
 984  983  #
 985  984  # Crozet Islands also observes Réunion time; see the 'antarctica' file.
 986  985  #
 987  986  # Scattered Islands (Îles Éparses) administered from Réunion are as follows.
 988  987  # The following information about them is taken from
 989  988  # Îles Éparses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22,
 990  989  # in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
 991  990  # We have no info about their time zone histories.
 992  991  #
 993  992  # Bassas da India - uninhabited
 994  993  # Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
 995  994  # Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
 996  995  # Juan de Nova - uninhabited
 997  996  # Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
 998  997  
 999  998  # Rwanda
1000  999  # See Africa/Maputo.
1001 1000  
1002 1001  # St Helena
1003 1002  # See Africa/Abidjan.
1004 1003  # The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
1005 1004  #       Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA
1006 1005  #       Ascension: on GMT, say the USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA
1007 1006  #       Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously):
1008 1007  #               on GMT, says the CIA
1009 1008  #       Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited
1010 1009  
1011 1010  # São Tomé and Príncipe
1012 1011  # Senegal
1013 1012  # See Africa/Abidjan.
1014 1013  
1015 1014  # Seychelles
1016 1015  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1017 1016  Zone    Indian/Mahe     3:41:48 -       LMT     1906 Jun # Victoria
1018 1017                          4:00    -       SCT     # Seychelles Time
1019 1018  # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
1020 1019  # Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
1021 1020  # Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
1022 1021  # in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976.  We don't know
1023 1022  # whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
1024 1023  # Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
1025 1024  
1026 1025  # Sierra Leone
1027 1026  # See Africa/Abidjan.
1028 1027  
1029 1028  # Somalia
1030 1029  # See Africa/Nairobi.
1031 1030  
1032 1031  # South Africa
1033 1032  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1034 1033  Rule    SA      1942    1943    -       Sep     Sun>=15 2:00    1:00    -
1035 1034  Rule    SA      1943    1944    -       Mar     Sun>=15 2:00    0       -
1036 1035  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1037 1036  Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 -      LMT     1892 Feb 8
1038 1037                          1:30    -       SAST    1903 Mar
1039 1038                          2:00    SA      SAST
1040 1039  Link Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Maseru     # Lesotho
1041 1040  Link Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Mbabane    # Swaziland
1042 1041  #
1043 1042  # Marion and Prince Edward Is
1044 1043  # scientific station since 1947
1045 1044  # no information
1046 1045  
1047 1046  # Sudan
1048 1047  #
1049 1048  # From <http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html>
1050 1049  # Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13),
1051 1050  # also reported by Michaël De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:
1052 1051  # Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon
1053 1052  # Saturday....  This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for
1054 1053  # Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin.
1055 1054  #
1056 1055  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1057 1056  Rule    Sudan   1970    only    -       May      1      0:00    1:00    S
1058 1057  Rule    Sudan   1970    1985    -       Oct     15      0:00    0       -
1059 1058  Rule    Sudan   1971    only    -       Apr     30      0:00    1:00    S
1060 1059  Rule    Sudan   1972    1985    -       Apr     lastSun 0:00    1:00    S
1061 1060  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1062 1061  Zone    Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 -       LMT     1931
1063 1062                          2:00    Sudan   CA%sT   2000 Jan 15 12:00
1064 1063                          3:00    -       EAT
1065 1064  
1066 1065  # South Sudan
1067 1066  Link Africa/Khartoum Africa/Juba
1068 1067  
1069 1068  # Swaziland
1070 1069  # See Africa/Johannesburg.
1071 1070  
1072 1071  # Tanzania
1073 1072  # See Africa/Nairobi.
1074 1073  
1075 1074  # Togo
1076 1075  # See Africa/Abidjan.
1077 1076  
1078 1077  # Tunisia
1079 1078  
1080 1079  # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30):
1081 1080  # My correspondent, Risto Nykänen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,
1082 1081  # this time in Tunisia.  According to Yahoo France News
1083 1082  # <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP
1084 1083  # and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by
1085 1084  # one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1.  Henceforth, Tunisian time will be
1086 1085  # UTC+2 instead of UTC+1.  The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next
1087 1086  # Saturday."  (My translation)
1088 1087  #
1089 1088  # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02):
1090 1089  # La Presse, the first national daily newspaper ...
1091 1090  # http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html
1092 1091  # ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30,
1093 1092  # 1h standard time.
1094 1093  #
1095 1094  # From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28):
1096 1095  # The daylight saving time will be the same each year:
1097 1096  # Beginning      : the last Sunday of March at 02:00
1098 1097  # Ending         : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ...
1099 1098  # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50
1100 1099  
1101 1100  # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16):
1102 1101  # According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year.
1103 1102  # (Arabic)
1104 1103  # http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546
1105 1104  # http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp
1106 1105  #
1107 1106  # We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia.
1108 1107  # We have a wrap-up about this on the following page:
1109 1108  # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html
1110 1109  
1111 1110  # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):
1112 1111  # Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency
1113 1112  #
1114 1113  # Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn):
1115 1114  #
1116 1115  # (in English)
1117 1116  # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157
1118 1117  #
1119 1118  # (in Arabic)
1120 1119  # http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1
1121 1120  
1122 1121  # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-18):
1123 1122  # The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is
1124 1123  # due to the fact that the fasting month of Ramadan coincides with the period
1125 1124  # concerned by summer time.  Therefore, the standard time will be kept
1126 1125  # unchanged the whole year long."  So foregoing DST seems to be an exception
1127 1126  # (albeit one that may be repeated in the future).
1128 1127  
1129 1128  # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27):
1130 1129  # According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010
1131 1130  #
1132 1131  # (translation):
1133 1132  # "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on
1134 1133  # Sunday...
1135 1134  # Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also
1136 1135  # coincided with the month of Ramadan..."
1137 1136  #
1138 1137  # (in Arabic)
1139 1138  # http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1
1140 1139  # http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036
1141 1140  # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html
1142 1141  
1143 1142  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1144 1143  Rule    Tunisia 1939    only    -       Apr     15      23:00s  1:00    S
1145 1144  Rule    Tunisia 1939    only    -       Nov     18      23:00s  0       -
1146 1145  Rule    Tunisia 1940    only    -       Feb     25      23:00s  1:00    S
1147 1146  Rule    Tunisia 1941    only    -       Oct      6       0:00   0       -
1148 1147  Rule    Tunisia 1942    only    -       Mar      9       0:00   1:00    S
1149 1148  Rule    Tunisia 1942    only    -       Nov      2       3:00   0       -
1150 1149  Rule    Tunisia 1943    only    -       Mar     29       2:00   1:00    S
1151 1150  Rule    Tunisia 1943    only    -       Apr     17       2:00   0       -
1152 1151  Rule    Tunisia 1943    only    -       Apr     25       2:00   1:00    S
1153 1152  Rule    Tunisia 1943    only    -       Oct      4       2:00   0       -
1154 1153  Rule    Tunisia 1944    1945    -       Apr     Mon>=1   2:00   1:00    S
1155 1154  Rule    Tunisia 1944    only    -       Oct      8       0:00   0       -
1156 1155  Rule    Tunisia 1945    only    -       Sep     16       0:00   0       -
1157 1156  Rule    Tunisia 1977    only    -       Apr     30       0:00s  1:00    S
1158 1157  Rule    Tunisia 1977    only    -       Sep     24       0:00s  0       -
1159 1158  Rule    Tunisia 1978    only    -       May      1       0:00s  1:00    S
1160 1159  Rule    Tunisia 1978    only    -       Oct      1       0:00s  0       -
1161 1160  Rule    Tunisia 1988    only    -       Jun      1       0:00s  1:00    S
1162 1161  Rule    Tunisia 1988    1990    -       Sep     lastSun  0:00s  0       -
1163 1162  Rule    Tunisia 1989    only    -       Mar     26       0:00s  1:00    S
1164 1163  Rule    Tunisia 1990    only    -       May      1       0:00s  1:00    S
1165 1164  Rule    Tunisia 2005    only    -       May      1       0:00s  1:00    S
1166 1165  Rule    Tunisia 2005    only    -       Sep     30       1:00s  0       -
1167 1166  Rule    Tunisia 2006    2008    -       Mar     lastSun  2:00s  1:00    S
1168 1167  Rule    Tunisia 2006    2008    -       Oct     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
1169 1168  
1170 1169  # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
1171 1170  # more precise 0:09:21.
1172 1171  # Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
1173 1172  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1174 1173  Zone    Africa/Tunis    0:40:44 -       LMT     1881 May 12
1175 1174                          0:09:21 -       PMT     1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
1176 1175                          1:00    Tunisia CE%sT
1177 1176  
1178 1177  # Uganda
1179 1178  # See Africa/Nairobi.
1180 1179  
1181 1180  # Zambia
1182 1181  # Zimbabwe
1183 1182  # See Africa/Maputo.
  
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