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          --- old/usr/src/cmd/zic/northamerica
          +++ new/usr/src/cmd/zic/northamerica
   1    1  # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
   2    2  # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
   3    3  
   4    4  # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
   5    5  
   6    6  # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
   7    7  # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
   8    8  # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
   9    9  # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
  10   10  
  11   11  # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
  12   12  # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
  13   13  # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
  14   14  
  15   15  ###############################################################################
  16   16  
  17   17  # United States
  18   18  
  19   19  # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
  20   20  # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
  21   21  # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
  22   22  # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
  23   23  # His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
  24   24  # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
  25   25  # in New York City (1869-10).  His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
  26   26  # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
  27   27  # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
  28   28  # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
  29   29  
  30   30  # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
  31   31  # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
  32   32  # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
  33   33  
  34   34  # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
  35   35  # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
  36   36  # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
  37   37  # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
  38   38  # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
  39   39  # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
  40   40  
  41   41  # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
  42   42  # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
  43   43  # in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
  44   44  # of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
  45   45  # Not everyone is happy with the results:
  46   46  #
  47   47  #       I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
  48   48  #       agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
  49   49  #       daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
  50   50  #       I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
  51   51  #       valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen.  As an admirer
  52   52  #       of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
  53   53  #       reduce my time for enjoying it.  At the back of the Daylight Saving
  54   54  #       scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
  55   55  #       to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
  56   56  #       them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
  57   57  #
  58   58  #        -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
  59   59  #          Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
  60   60  #
  61   61  # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
  62   62  # Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
  63   63  # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).
  64   64  # http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html
  65   65  #
  66   66  # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
  67   67  # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
  68   68  # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
  69   69  # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
  70   70  
  71   71  # From Arthur David Olson:
  72   72  # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
  73   73  # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
  74   74  # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
  75   75  
  76   76  # From Arthur David Olson:
  77   77  # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
  78   78  # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
  79   79  
  80   80  # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
  81   81  # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
  82   82  # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
  83   83  # An AltaVista search turned up:
  84   84  # http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
  85   85  # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
  86   86  # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.'  Peace is wonderful."
  87   87  # (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
  88   88  
  89   89  # From Joseph Gallant citing
  90   90  # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
  91   91  # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
  92   92  # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
  93   93  # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
  94   94  # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
  95   95  # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
  96   96  # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
  97   97  # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
  98   98  
  99   99  # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout.  From
 100  100  # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
 101  101  #
 102  102  # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
 103  103  # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
 104  104  # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
 105  105  # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
 106  106  # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
 107  107  # importance."
 108  108  #
 109  109  # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
 110  110  # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
 111  111  # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
 112  112  # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
 113  113  #
 114  114  # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
 115  115  
 116  116  # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
  
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 117  117  # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
 118  118  # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
 119  119  # U.S. government action.  So even though the "US" rules have changed
 120  120  # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
 121  121  
 122  122  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 123  123  Rule    US      1918    1919    -       Mar     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 124  124  Rule    US      1918    1919    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 125  125  Rule    US      1942    only    -       Feb     9       2:00    1:00    W # War
 126  126  Rule    US      1945    only    -       Aug     14      23:00u  1:00    P # Peace
 127      -Rule    US      1945    only    -       Sep     30      2:00    0       S
      127 +Rule    US      1945    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 128  128  Rule    US      1967    2006    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 129  129  Rule    US      1967    1973    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 130  130  Rule    US      1974    only    -       Jan     6       2:00    1:00    D
 131  131  Rule    US      1975    only    -       Feb     23      2:00    1:00    D
 132  132  Rule    US      1976    1986    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 133  133  Rule    US      1987    2006    -       Apr     Sun>=1  2:00    1:00    D
 134  134  Rule    US      2007    max     -       Mar     Sun>=8  2:00    1:00    D
 135  135  Rule    US      2007    max     -       Nov     Sun>=1  2:00    0       S
 136  136  
 137  137  # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
 138  138  # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
 139  139  # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
 140  140  # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
 141  141  # this time zone package.
 142  142  # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
 143  143  # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
 144  144  # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
 145  145  # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
 146  146  # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
 147  147  
 148  148  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 149  149  Zone    EST              -5:00  -       EST
 150  150  Zone    MST              -7:00  -       MST
 151  151  Zone    HST             -10:00  -       HST
 152  152  Zone    EST5EDT          -5:00  US      E%sT
 153  153  Zone    CST6CDT          -6:00  US      C%sT
 154  154  Zone    MST7MDT          -7:00  US      M%sT
 155  155  Zone    PST8PDT          -8:00  US      P%sT
 156  156  
 157  157  # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
 158  158  # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
 159  159  #    old                         new
 160  160  #    Pacific Standard Time(PST)  -same-
 161  161  #    Yukon Standard Time(YST)    -same-
 162  162  #    Central Alaska S.T. (CAT)   Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
 163  163  #    Nome Standard Time (NT)     Bering Standard Time (BST)
 164  164  #
 165  165  # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
 166  166  #    The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
 167  167  #    of the Aleutian islands.   No DST.
 168  168  
 169  169  # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
 170  170  # The tables below use 'NST', not 'NT', for Nome Standard Time.
 171  171  # I invented 'CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
 172  172  
 173  173  # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
 174  174  # USA  EASTERN       5 H  BEHIND UTC    NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
 175  175  # USA  EASTERN       4 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
 176  176  # USA  CENTRAL       6 H  BEHIND UTC    CHICAGO, HOUSTON
 177  177  # USA  CENTRAL       5 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
 178  178  # USA  MOUNTAIN      7 H  BEHIND UTC    DENVER
 179  179  # USA  MOUNTAIN      6 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
 180  180  # USA  PACIFIC       8 H  BEHIND UTC    L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
 181  181  # USA  PACIFIC       7 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
 182  182  # USA  ALASKA STD    9 H  BEHIND UTC    MOST OF ALASKA     (AKST)
 183  183  # USA  ALASKA STD    8 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
 184  184  # USA  ALEUTIAN     10 H  BEHIND UTC    ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
 185  185  # USA    "           9 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
 186  186  # USA  HAWAII       10 H  BEHIND UTC
 187  187  # USA  BERING       11 H  BEHIND UTC    SAMOA, MIDWAY
 188  188  
 189  189  # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
 190  190  # The above dates are for 1988.
 191  191  # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
 192  192  # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
 193  193  # Aleutians.
 194  194  
 195  195  # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
 196  196  # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
 197  197  # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward.  First, names
 198  198  # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
 199  199  # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
 200  200  #       (none)
 201  201  #       United States standard eastern time
 202  202  #       United States standard mountain time
 203  203  #       United States standard central time
 204  204  #       United States standard Pacific time
 205  205  #       (none)
 206  206  #       United States standard Alaska time
 207  207  #       (none)
 208  208  # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
 209  209  # public law 98-181):
 210  210  #       Atlantic standard time
 211  211  #       eastern standard time
 212  212  #       central standard time
 213  213  #       mountain standard time
 214  214  #       Pacific standard time
 215  215  #       Yukon standard time
 216  216  #       Alaska-Hawaii standard time
 217  217  #       Bering standard time
 218  218  # And after 1983-11-30:
 219  219  #       Atlantic standard time
 220  220  #       eastern standard time
 221  221  #       central standard time
 222  222  #       mountain standard time
 223  223  #       Pacific standard time
 224  224  #       Alaska standard time
 225  225  #       Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
 226  226  #       Samoa standard time
 227  227  # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
 228  228  #
 229  229  # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
 230  230  # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
 231  231  # "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
 232  232  # See the file "australasia".
 233  233  
 234  234  # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
 235  235  # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
 236  236  #
 237  237  # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
 238  238  #   (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
 239  239  #   U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
 240  240  #     (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
 241  241  #     Sunday of March"; and
 242  242  #     (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
 243  243  #     Sunday of November'.
 244  244  #   (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
 245  245  #   date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
 246  246  #   (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
 247  247  #   date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
 248  248  #   on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
 249  249  #   States.
 250  250  #   (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
 251  251  #   Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
 252  252  #   Department study is complete.
 253  253  
 254  254  # US eastern time, represented by New York
 255  255  
 256  256  # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
 257  257  # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
 258  258  # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
 259  259  # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
 260  260  # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
 261  261  # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
 262  262  
 263  263  # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
 264  264  # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
 265  265  # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
 266  266  # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
 267  267  # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
 268  268  # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
 269  269  
  
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 270  270  # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
 271  271  # According to today's Huntsville Times
 272  272  # http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1
 273  273  # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
 274  274  # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
 275  275  # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time."  It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
 276  276  # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
 277  277  # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
 278  278  # in Columbus."
 279  279  
      280 +# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
      281 +# Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
      282 +# says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
      283 +# Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch.  Round to the
      284 +# nearest second.
      285 +
 280  286  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER
 281  287  Rule    NYC     1920    only    -       Mar     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 282  288  Rule    NYC     1920    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 283  289  Rule    NYC     1921    1966    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 284  290  Rule    NYC     1921    1954    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 285  291  Rule    NYC     1955    1966    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 286  292  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 287  293  Zone America/New_York   -4:56:02 -      LMT     1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
 288  294                          -5:00   US      E%sT    1920
 289  295                          -5:00   NYC     E%sT    1942
 290  296                          -5:00   US      E%sT    1946
 291  297                          -5:00   NYC     E%sT    1967
 292  298                          -5:00   US      E%sT
 293  299  
 294  300  # US central time, represented by Chicago
 295  301  
 296  302  # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
 297  303  # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
 298  304  # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
 299  305  # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
 300  306  # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
 301  307  # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
 302  308  # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
 303  309  # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
 304  310  
 305  311  # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
 306  312  # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
 307  313  # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change.  Because the local
 308  314  # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
 309  315  # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
 310  316  # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
 311  317  #
 312  318  # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
 313  319  # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
 314  320  # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
 315  321  # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf
 316  322  
 317  323  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER
 318  324  Rule    Chicago 1920    only    -       Jun     13      2:00    1:00    D
 319  325  Rule    Chicago 1920    1921    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 320  326  Rule    Chicago 1921    only    -       Mar     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 321  327  Rule    Chicago 1922    1966    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 322  328  Rule    Chicago 1922    1954    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 323  329  Rule    Chicago 1955    1966    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 324  330  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 325  331  Zone America/Chicago    -5:50:36 -      LMT     1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
 326  332                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1920
 327  333                          -6:00   Chicago C%sT    1936 Mar  1  2:00
 328  334                          -5:00   -       EST     1936 Nov 15  2:00
 329  335                          -6:00   Chicago C%sT    1942
 330  336                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1946
 331  337                          -6:00   Chicago C%sT    1967
 332  338                          -6:00   US      C%sT
 333  339  # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
 334  340  Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
 335  341                          -7:00   US      M%sT    1992 Oct 25  2:00
 336  342                          -6:00   US      C%sT
 337  343  # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
 338  344  # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
 339  345  # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
 340  346  # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
 341  347  # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
 342  348  # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
 343  349  # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
 344  350  Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT      1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
 345  351                          -7:00   US      M%sT    2003 Oct 26  2:00
 346  352                          -6:00   US      C%sT
 347  353  
 348  354  # From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
 349  355  # ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
 350  356  # mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
 351  357  # daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
 352  358  # http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
 353  359  # http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
 354  360  
 355  361  # From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
 356  362  # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
 357  363  # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
 358  364  # largest city in Mercer County).  Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
 359  365  # at 47 degrees 15' 51" N, 101 degrees 46' 40" W, which yields an offset
 360  366  # of 6h47'07".
 361  367  
 362  368  Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
 363  369                          -7:00   US      M%sT    2010 Nov  7  2:00
 364  370                          -6:00   US      C%sT
 365  371  
 366  372  # US mountain time, represented by Denver
 367  373  #
 368  374  # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
 369  375  # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
 370  376  # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
 371  377  # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
 372  378  # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
 373  379  #
 374  380  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER
 375  381  Rule    Denver  1920    1921    -       Mar     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 376  382  Rule    Denver  1920    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 377  383  Rule    Denver  1921    only    -       May     22      2:00    0       S
 378  384  Rule    Denver  1965    1966    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 379  385  Rule    Denver  1965    1966    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 380  386  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 381  387  Zone America/Denver     -6:59:56 -      LMT     1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
 382  388                          -7:00   US      M%sT    1920
 383  389                          -7:00   Denver  M%sT    1942
 384  390                          -7:00   US      M%sT    1946
 385  391                          -7:00   Denver  M%sT    1967
 386  392                          -7:00   US      M%sT
 387  393  
 388  394  # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
 389  395  #
 390  396  # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
 391  397  # Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
 392  398  # north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
 393  399  # Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern 3/4 of
 394  400  # Malheur county), and Washington
 395  401  #
 396  402  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER
 397  403  Rule    CA      1948    only    -       Mar     14      2:00    1:00    D
 398  404  Rule    CA      1949    only    -       Jan      1      2:00    0       S
 399  405  Rule    CA      1950    1966    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 400  406  Rule    CA      1950    1961    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 401  407  Rule    CA      1962    1966    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 402  408  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 403  409  Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 -     LMT     1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
 404  410                          -8:00   US      P%sT    1946
 405  411                          -8:00   CA      P%sT    1967
 406  412                          -8:00   US      P%sT
 407  413  
 408  414  # Alaska
 409  415  # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
 410  416  #
 411  417  # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
 412  418  # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
 413  419  # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
 414  420  # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
 415  421  # also a Friday.  Include only the time zone part of this transition,
 416  422  # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
 417  423  # the Julian calendar.
 418  424  #
 419  425  # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
 420  426  # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
 421  427  # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
 422  428  # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.)  However, there
 423  429  # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
 424  430  # it's best to simply use the official transition.
 425  431  
 426  432  # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
 427  433  # One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
 428  434  # daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
 429  435  # "Welcome to Juneau.  Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
 430  436  # See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
 431  437  # http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
 432  438  #
 433  439  # Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
 434  440  # Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
 435  441  # Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
 436  442  # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
 437  443  
 438  444  # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
 439  445  # Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
 440  446  #
 441  447  # On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
 442  448  # 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
 443  449  # Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
 444  450  # Pacific Time.
 445  451  #
 446  452  # ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
 447  453  # Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
 448  454  # northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
 449  455  #
 450  456  # On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
 451  457  # unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
 452  458  #
 453  459  # According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
 454  460  # bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
 455  461  #
 456  462  # (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
 457  463  # Nation.)
 458  464  
 459  465  # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
 460  466  # I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
 461  467  # Community office (using contact information available at
 462  468  # http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
 463  469  # It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
 464  470  # the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
 465  471  # that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
 466  472  # own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
 467  473  # did not inquire about practices in the past.
 468  474  
 469  475  # From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
 470  476  # For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
 471  477  # abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
 472  478  
 473  479  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 474  480  Zone America/Juneau      15:02:19 -     LMT     1867 Oct 18
 475  481                           -8:57:41 -     LMT     1900 Aug 20 12:00
 476  482                           -8:00  -       PST     1942
 477  483                           -8:00  US      P%sT    1946
 478  484                           -8:00  -       PST     1969
 479  485                           -8:00  US      P%sT    1980 Apr 27  2:00
 480  486                           -9:00  US      Y%sT    1980 Oct 26  2:00
 481  487                           -8:00  US      P%sT    1983 Oct 30  2:00
 482  488                           -9:00  US      Y%sT    1983 Nov 30
 483  489                           -9:00  US      AK%sT
 484  490  Zone America/Sitka       14:58:47 -     LMT     1867 Oct 18
 485  491                           -9:01:13 -     LMT     1900 Aug 20 12:00
 486  492                           -8:00  -       PST     1942
 487  493                           -8:00  US      P%sT    1946
 488  494                           -8:00  -       PST     1969
 489  495                           -8:00  US      P%sT    1983 Oct 30  2:00
 490  496                           -9:00  US      Y%sT    1983 Nov 30
 491  497                           -9:00  US      AK%sT
 492  498  Zone America/Metlakatla  15:13:42 -     LMT     1867 Oct 18
 493  499                           -8:46:18 -     LMT     1900 Aug 20 12:00
 494  500                           -8:00  -       PST     1942
 495  501                           -8:00  US      P%sT    1946
 496  502                           -8:00  -       PST     1969
 497  503                           -8:00  US      P%sT    1983 Oct 30  2:00
 498  504                           -8:00  -       PST
 499  505  Zone America/Yakutat     14:41:05 -     LMT     1867 Oct 18
 500  506                           -9:18:55 -     LMT     1900 Aug 20 12:00
 501  507                           -9:00  -       YST     1942
 502  508                           -9:00  US      Y%sT    1946
 503  509                           -9:00  -       YST     1969
 504  510                           -9:00  US      Y%sT    1983 Nov 30
 505  511                           -9:00  US      AK%sT
 506  512  Zone America/Anchorage   14:00:24 -     LMT     1867 Oct 18
 507  513                           -9:59:36 -     LMT     1900 Aug 20 12:00
 508  514                          -10:00  -       CAT     1942
 509  515                          -10:00  US      CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
 510  516                          -10:00  US      CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
 511  517                          -10:00  -       CAT     1967 Apr
 512  518                          -10:00  -       AHST    1969
 513  519                          -10:00  US      AH%sT   1983 Oct 30  2:00
 514  520                           -9:00  US      Y%sT    1983 Nov 30
 515  521                           -9:00  US      AK%sT
 516  522  Zone America/Nome        12:58:21 -     LMT     1867 Oct 18
 517  523                          -11:01:38 -     LMT     1900 Aug 20 12:00
 518  524                          -11:00  -       NST     1942
 519  525                          -11:00  US      N%sT    1946
 520  526                          -11:00  -       NST     1967 Apr
 521  527                          -11:00  -       BST     1969
 522  528                          -11:00  US      B%sT    1983 Oct 30  2:00
 523  529                           -9:00  US      Y%sT    1983 Nov 30
 524  530                           -9:00  US      AK%sT
 525  531  Zone America/Adak        12:13:21 -     LMT     1867 Oct 18
 526  532                          -11:46:38 -     LMT     1900 Aug 20 12:00
 527  533                          -11:00  -       NST     1942
 528  534                          -11:00  US      N%sT    1946
 529  535                          -11:00  -       NST     1967 Apr
 530  536                          -11:00  -       BST     1969
 531  537                          -11:00  US      B%sT    1983 Oct 30  2:00
 532  538                          -10:00  US      AH%sT   1983 Nov 30
 533  539                          -10:00  US      HA%sT
 534  540  # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
 535  541  #
 536  542  # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
 537  543  # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
 538  544  # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
 539  545  #
 540  546  # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
 541  547  # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
 542  548  # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
 543  549  # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
 544  550  # possibly until 1983:
 545  551  #
 546  552  #  Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
 547  553  #  "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
 548  554  #  location not on Alaska Standard Time.  The following resolution was
 549  555  #  made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
 550  556  #  resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
 551  557  #  Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
 552  558  #  January 14, Alaska Standard Time.)  This resolution was passed with
 553  559  #  three votes for and one against."
 554  560  
 555  561  # Hawaii
 556  562  
 557  563  # From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
 558  564  # "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
 559  565  # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
 560  566  # the article is available at
 561  567  # http://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
 562  568  # and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
 563  569  # 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
 564  570  # saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
 565  571  # last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
 566  572  # act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
 567  573  # from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
 568  574  # when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
 569  575  # effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
 570  576  # day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
 571  577  # cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
 572  578  # and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
 573  579  
 574  580  # From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
 575  581  # The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
 576  582  # Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
 577  583  # 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
 578  584  # 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
 579  585  # year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
 580  586  # hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
 581  587  # day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
 582  588  # Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
 583  589  # hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
 584  590  # which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
 585  591  # that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
 586  592  # Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
 587  593  # of the Territory of Hawaii."
 588  594  #
 589  595  # Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
 590  596  # We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
 591  597  
 592  598  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 593  599  Zone Pacific/Honolulu   -10:31:26 -     LMT     1896 Jan 13 12:00
 594  600                          -10:30  -       HST     1933 Apr 30  2:00
 595  601                          -10:30  1:00    HDT     1933 May 21 12:00
 596  602                          -10:30  -       HST     1942 Feb  9  2:00
 597  603                          -10:30  1:00    HDT     1945 Sep 30  2:00
 598  604                          -10:30  -       HST     1947 Jun  8  2:00
 599  605                          -10:00  -       HST
 600  606  Link Pacific/Honolulu Pacific/Johnston
 601  607  
 602  608  # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
 603  609  
 604  610  # Arizona mostly uses MST.
 605  611  
 606  612  # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
 607  613  #
 608  614  # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
 609  615  # Daylight Saving Time web page
 610  616  # <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
 611  617  # maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
 612  618  # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
 613  619  # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
 614  620  # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
 615  621  # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time.  The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
 616  622  # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
 617  623  # the date the state's clocks would change.  In 1945 the State of
 618  624  # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
 619  625  # mandated by federal law.  Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
 620  626  # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
 621  627  #
 622  628  # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
 623  629  # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
 624  630  
 625  631  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 626  632  Zone America/Phoenix    -7:28:18 -      LMT     1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
 627  633                          -7:00   US      M%sT    1944 Jan  1  0:01
 628  634                          -7:00   -       MST     1944 Apr  1  0:01
 629  635                          -7:00   US      M%sT    1944 Oct  1  0:01
 630  636                          -7:00   -       MST     1967
 631  637                          -7:00   US      M%sT    1968 Mar 21
 632  638                          -7:00   -       MST
 633  639  # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
 634  640  # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
 635  641  # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
 636  642  # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
 637  643  # large size and location in three states."  (The "only" means that other
 638  644  # tribal nations don't use DST.)
 639  645  #
 640  646  # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
 641  647  # See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
 642  648  
 643  649  # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
 644  650  # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
 645  651  # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
 646  652  # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
 647  653  # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
 648  654  # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
 649  655  # switched four weeks late in 1974.
 650  656  #
 651  657  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 652  658  Zone America/Boise      -7:44:49 -      LMT     1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
 653  659                          -8:00   US      P%sT    1923 May 13  2:00
 654  660                          -7:00   US      M%sT    1974
 655  661                          -7:00   -       MST     1974 Feb  3  2:00
 656  662                          -7:00   US      M%sT
 657  663  
 658  664  # Indiana
 659  665  #
 660  666  # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
 661  667  # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
 662  668  #
 663  669  # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
 664  670  # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
 665  671  # with the following exceptions:
 666  672  #
 667  673  # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
 668  674  #   Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
 669  675  #
 670  676  # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
 671  677  #
 672  678  # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
 673  679  #   America/Kentucky/Louisville.
 674  680  #
 675  681  # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
 676  682  #   and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
 677  683  #
 678  684  # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
 679  685  # and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
 680  686  # Those Hoosiers!  Such a flighty and changeable people!
 681  687  # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
 682  688  #
 683  689  # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
 684  690  # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
 685  691  # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
 686  692  
 687  693  # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
 688  694  # https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
 689  695  # says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
 690  696  # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
 691  697  # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
 692  698  # this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
 693  699  # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
 694  700  # Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
 695  701  # clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error.  The intent
 696  702  # was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
 697  703  
 698  704  # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
 699  705  # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
 700  706  # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
 701  707  # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
 702  708  
 703  709  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER
 704  710  Rule Indianapolis 1941  only    -       Jun     22      2:00    1:00    D
 705  711  Rule Indianapolis 1941  1954    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 706  712  Rule Indianapolis 1946  1954    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 707  713  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 708  714  Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT        1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
 709  715                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1920
 710  716                          -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
 711  717                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1946
 712  718                          -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24  2:00
 713  719                          -5:00   -       EST     1957 Sep 29  2:00
 714  720                          -6:00   -       CST     1958 Apr 27  2:00
 715  721                          -5:00   -       EST     1969
 716  722                          -5:00   US      E%sT    1971
 717  723                          -5:00   -       EST     2006
 718  724                          -5:00   US      E%sT
 719  725  #
 720  726  # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
 721  727  # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
 722  728  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER
 723  729  Rule    Marengo 1951    only    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 724  730  Rule    Marengo 1951    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 725  731  Rule    Marengo 1954    1960    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 726  732  Rule    Marengo 1954    1960    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 727  733  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 728  734  Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT     1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
 729  735                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1951
 730  736                          -6:00   Marengo C%sT    1961 Apr 30  2:00
 731  737                          -5:00   -       EST     1969
 732  738                          -5:00   US      E%sT    1974 Jan  6  2:00
 733  739                          -6:00   1:00    CDT     1974 Oct 27  2:00
 734  740                          -5:00   US      E%sT    1976
 735  741                          -5:00   -       EST     2006
 736  742                          -5:00   US      E%sT
 737  743  #
 738  744  # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
 739  745  # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
 740  746  # in November 2007.
 741  747  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER
 742  748  Rule Vincennes  1946    only    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 743  749  Rule Vincennes  1946    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 744  750  Rule Vincennes  1953    1954    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 745  751  Rule Vincennes  1953    1959    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 746  752  Rule Vincennes  1955    only    -       May      1      0:00    1:00    D
 747  753  Rule Vincennes  1956    1963    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 748  754  Rule Vincennes  1960    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 749  755  Rule Vincennes  1961    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 750  756  Rule Vincennes  1962    1963    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 751  757  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 752  758  Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT   1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
 753  759                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1946
 754  760                          -6:00 Vincennes C%sT    1964 Apr 26  2:00
 755  761                          -5:00   -       EST     1969
 756  762                          -5:00   US      E%sT    1971
 757  763                          -5:00   -       EST     2006 Apr  2  2:00
 758  764                          -6:00   US      C%sT    2007 Nov  4  2:00
 759  765                          -5:00   US      E%sT
 760  766  #
 761  767  # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
 762  768  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER
 763  769  Rule Perry      1946    only    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 764  770  Rule Perry      1946    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 765  771  Rule Perry      1953    1954    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 766  772  Rule Perry      1953    1959    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 767  773  Rule Perry      1955    only    -       May      1      0:00    1:00    D
 768  774  Rule Perry      1956    1963    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 769  775  Rule Perry      1960    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 770  776  Rule Perry      1961    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 771  777  Rule Perry      1962    1963    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 772  778  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 773  779  Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT   1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
 774  780                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1946
 775  781                          -6:00 Perry     C%sT    1964 Apr 26  2:00
 776  782                          -5:00   -       EST     1969
 777  783                          -5:00   US      E%sT    1971
 778  784                          -5:00   -       EST     2006 Apr  2  2:00
 779  785                          -6:00   US      C%sT
 780  786  #
 781  787  # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
 782  788  # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
 783  789  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER
 784  790  Rule    Pike    1955    only    -       May      1      0:00    1:00    D
 785  791  Rule    Pike    1955    1960    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 786  792  Rule    Pike    1956    1964    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 787  793  Rule    Pike    1961    1964    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 788  794  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 789  795  Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT  1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
 790  796                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1955
 791  797                          -6:00   Pike    C%sT    1965 Apr 25  2:00
 792  798                          -5:00   -       EST     1966 Oct 30  2:00
 793  799                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1977 Oct 30  2:00
 794  800                          -5:00   -       EST     2006 Apr  2  2:00
 795  801                          -6:00   US      C%sT    2007 Nov  4  2:00
 796  802                          -5:00   US      E%sT
 797  803  #
 798  804  # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
 799  805  # then switched back in 2006.
 800  806  # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
 801  807  # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
 802  808  # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
 803  809  # 1991-10-27.
 804  810  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER
 805  811  Rule    Starke  1947    1961    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 806  812  Rule    Starke  1947    1954    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 807  813  Rule    Starke  1955    1956    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 808  814  Rule    Starke  1957    1958    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 809  815  Rule    Starke  1959    1961    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 810  816  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 811  817  Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 -    LMT     1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
 812  818                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1947
 813  819                          -6:00   Starke  C%sT    1962 Apr 29  2:00
 814  820                          -5:00   -       EST     1963 Oct 27  2:00
 815  821                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1991 Oct 27  2:00
 816  822                          -5:00   -       EST     2006 Apr  2  2:00
 817  823                          -6:00   US      C%sT
 818  824  #
 819  825  # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
 820  826  # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
 821  827  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER
 822  828  Rule    Pulaski 1946    1960    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 823  829  Rule    Pulaski 1946    1954    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 824  830  Rule    Pulaski 1955    1956    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 825  831  Rule    Pulaski 1957    1960    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 826  832  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 827  833  Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT     1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
 828  834                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1946
 829  835                          -6:00   Pulaski C%sT    1961 Apr 30  2:00
 830  836                          -5:00   -       EST     1969
 831  837                          -5:00   US      E%sT    1971
 832  838                          -5:00   -       EST     2006 Apr  2  2:00
 833  839                          -6:00   US      C%sT    2007 Mar 11  2:00
 834  840                          -5:00   US      E%sT
 835  841  #
 836  842  # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
 837  843  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 838  844  Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 -   LMT     1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
 839  845                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1954 Apr 25  2:00
 840  846                          -5:00   -       EST     1969
 841  847                          -5:00   US      E%sT    1973
 842  848                          -5:00   -       EST     2006
 843  849                          -5:00   US      E%sT
 844  850  
 845  851  # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
 846  852  # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
 847  853  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER
 848  854  Rule Louisville 1921    only    -       May     1       2:00    1:00    D
 849  855  Rule Louisville 1921    only    -       Sep     1       2:00    0       S
 850  856  Rule Louisville 1941    1961    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 851  857  Rule Louisville 1941    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 852  858  Rule Louisville 1946    only    -       Jun     2       2:00    0       S
 853  859  Rule Louisville 1950    1955    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 854  860  Rule Louisville 1956    1960    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 855  861  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 856  862  Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 -     LMT     1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
 857  863                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1921
 858  864                          -6:00 Louisville C%sT   1942
 859  865                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1946
 860  866                          -6:00 Louisville C%sT   1961 Jul 23  2:00
 861  867                          -5:00   -       EST     1968
 862  868                          -5:00   US      E%sT    1974 Jan  6  2:00
 863  869                          -6:00   1:00    CDT     1974 Oct 27  2:00
 864  870                          -5:00   US      E%sT
 865  871  #
 866  872  # Wayne County, Kentucky
 867  873  #
 868  874  # From Lake Cumberland LIFE
 869  875  # http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml
 870  876  # (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
 871  877  # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
 872  878  # the Central to the Eastern time zone....  The Wayne County government made
 873  879  # the same request in December.  And while Russell County officials have not
 874  880  # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
 875  881  # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
 876  882  # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
 877  883  # location in the Central time zone.
 878  884  #
 879  885  # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
 880  886  # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
 881  887  # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
 882  888  # (-0500) time.  They won't "fall back" this year.  See Sara Shipley,
 883  889  # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
 884  890  #
 885  891  # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
 886  892  # The final rule was published in the
 887  893  # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
 888  894  # http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22
 889  895  #
 890  896  Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
 891  897                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1946
 892  898                          -6:00   -       CST     1968
 893  899                          -6:00   US      C%sT    2000 Oct 29  2:00
 894  900                          -5:00   US      E%sT
 895  901  
 896  902  
 897  903  # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
 898  904  # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
 899  905  # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
 900  906  #       previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
 901  907  # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
 902  908  # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
 903  909  # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
 904  910  # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
 905  911  #
 906  912  # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
 907  913  # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
 908  914  # so omit that change for now.
 909  915  # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
 910  916  # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
 911  917  # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
 912  918  # 1999-10-31.  See the
 913  919  # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
 914  920  # http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15
 915  921  # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
 916  922  # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
 917  923  # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
 918  924  
 919  925  # Michigan
 920  926  #
 921  927  # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
 922  928  # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
 923  929  #
 924  930  # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
 925  931  # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
 926  932  # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
 927  933  # that Detroit kept
 928  934  #
 929  935  #       local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
 930  936  #       be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time.  Half the
 931  937  #       city obeyed, half refused.  After considerable debate, the decision
 932  938  #       was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time.  A derisive offer to
 933  939  #       erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
 934  940  #       Committee on Sewers.  Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
 935  941  #       by city vote.
 936  942  #
 937  943  # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
 938  944  #
 939  945  # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
 940  946  # Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
 941  947  # one hour in 1914."  This change is not in Shanks.  We have no more
 942  948  # info, so omit this for now.
 943  949  #
 944  950  # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
 945  951  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER
 946  952  Rule    Detroit 1948    only    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 947  953  Rule    Detroit 1948    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 948  954  Rule    Detroit 1967    only    -       Jun     14      2:00    1:00    D
 949  955  Rule    Detroit 1967    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 950  956  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 951  957  Zone America/Detroit    -5:32:11 -      LMT     1905
 952  958                          -6:00   -       CST     1915 May 15  2:00
 953  959                          -5:00   -       EST     1942
 954  960                          -5:00   US      E%sT    1946
 955  961                          -5:00   Detroit E%sT    1973
 956  962                          -5:00   US      E%sT    1975
 957  963                          -5:00   -       EST     1975 Apr 27  2:00
 958  964                          -5:00   US      E%sT
 959  965  #
 960  966  # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
 961  967  # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
 962  968  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER
 963  969  Rule Menominee  1946    only    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 964  970  Rule Menominee  1946    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 965  971  Rule Menominee  1966    only    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 966  972  Rule Menominee  1966    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 967  973  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 968  974  Zone America/Menominee  -5:50:27 -      LMT     1885 Sep 18 12:00
 969  975                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1946
 970  976                          -6:00 Menominee C%sT    1969 Apr 27  2:00
 971  977                          -5:00   -       EST     1973 Apr 29  2:00
 972  978                          -6:00   US      C%sT
 973  979  
 974  980  # Navassa
 975  981  # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
 976  982  # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
 977  983  # also claimed by Haiti
  
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 978  984  # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
 979  985  # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
 980  986  # currently uninhabited
 981  987  # see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
 982  988  # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
 983  989  # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
 984  990  
 985  991  ################################################################################
 986  992  
 987  993  
 988      -# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
 989      -# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
      994 +# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
      995 +#
      996 +# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
 990  997  # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
 991  998  # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
      999 +# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
 992 1000  #
 993 1001  # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
 994 1002  # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
 995 1003  # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
 996 1004  # published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
 997      -# of the IATA's data after 1990.
     1005 +# of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,
     1006 +# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
 998 1007  #
 999      -# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
1000      -# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
1001      -#
1002 1008  # Other sources occasionally used include:
1003 1009  #
1004 1010  #       Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1005 1011  #       Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1006 1012  #       which I found in the UCLA library.
1007 1013  #
1008 1014  #       William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1009 1015  #       <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1010 1016  #       [PDF] (1914-03)
1011 1017  #
1012 1018  #       Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1013 1019  #       <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1014 1020  #
1015 1021  # See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1016 1022  
1017 1023  # Canada
1018 1024  
1019 1025  # From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1020 1026  # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1021 1027  # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1022 1028  #
1023 1029  #       UTC     Standard time   Daylight saving time
1024 1030  #       offset  French  English French  English
1025 1031  #       -2:30   -       -       HAT     NDT
1026 1032  #       -3      -       -       HAA     ADT
1027 1033  #       -3:30   HNT     NST     -       -
1028 1034  #       -4      HNA     AST     HAE     EDT
1029 1035  #       -5      HNE     EST     HAC     CDT
1030 1036  #       -6      HNC     CST     HAR     MDT
1031 1037  #       -7      HNR     MST     HAP     PDT
1032 1038  #       -8      HNP     PST     HAY     YDT
1033 1039  #       -9      HNY     YST     -       -
1034 1040  #
1035 1041  #       HN: Heure Normale       ST: Standard Time
1036 1042  #       HA: Heure Avancée      DT: Daylight saving Time
1037 1043  #
1038 1044  #       A: de l'Atlantique      Atlantic
1039 1045  #       C: du Centre            Central
1040 1046  #       E: de l'Est             Eastern
1041 1047  #       M:                      Mountain
1042 1048  #       N:                      Newfoundland
1043 1049  #       P: du Pacifique         Pacific
1044 1050  #       R: des Rocheuses
1045 1051  #       T: de Terre-Neuve
1046 1052  #       Y: du Yukon             Yukon
1047 1053  #
1048 1054  # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1049 1055  # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1050 1056  
1051 1057  # Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks
1052 1058  # & Pottenger.
1053 1059  
1054 1060  # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1055 1061  # 2007-03-01):
1056 1062  # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1057 1063  # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1058 1064  # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1059 1065  # http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1060 1066  # ...
1061 1067  # Nova Scotia
1062 1068  # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1063 1069  # http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1064 1070  #
1065 1071  # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1066 1072  # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1067 1073  # http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1068 1074  # ...
1069 1075  # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1070 1076  # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1071 1077  # http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1072 1078  # ...
1073 1079  # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1074 1080  # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1075 1081  # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1076 1082  # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1077 1083  # ...
1078 1084  # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1079 1085  # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1080 1086  # ...
1081 1087  # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1082 1088  # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1083 1089  # ...
1084 1090  # Yukon
1085 1091  # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1086 1092  # ...
1087 1093  # N.W.T. will follow US rules.  Whoever maintains the government web site
  
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1088 1094  # does not seem to believe in bookmarks.  To see the news release, click the
1089 1095  # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change".  Press the
1090 1096  # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1091 1097  # JavaScript.
1092 1098  # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1093 1099  # ...
1094 1100  # Nunavut
1095 1101  # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1096 1102  # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1097 1103  
1098      -# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
     1104 +# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
1099 1105  # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1100 1106  # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1101      -# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
     1107 +# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
1102 1108  # contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1103 1109  # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1104 1110  #
1105      -# INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has
1106      -# information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
1107      -# http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/time_services/daylight_saving_e.php
1108      -# (updated periodically).
     1111 +# National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
     1112 +# http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
     1113 +# http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
1109 1114  # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1110 1115  
1111 1116  # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1112 1117  # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1113 1118  # new US DST rules,
1114 1119  
1115 1120  # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1116 1121  # In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1117 1122  # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1118 1123  # she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1119 1124  # The quote includes these two statements:
1120 1125  # 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1121 1126  # '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1122 1127  # These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1123 1128  # that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918.  This transition was
1124 1129  # also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1125 1130  
1126 1131  # In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1127 1132  # Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1128 1133  # than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1129 1134  
1130 1135  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1131 1136  Rule    Canada  1918    only    -       Apr     14      2:00    1:00    D
1132 1137  Rule    Canada  1918    only    -       Oct     27      2:00    0       S
1133 1138  Rule    Canada  1942    only    -       Feb      9      2:00    1:00    W # War
1134 1139  Rule    Canada  1945    only    -       Aug     14      23:00u  1:00    P # Peace
1135 1140  Rule    Canada  1945    only    -       Sep     30      2:00    0       S
1136 1141  Rule    Canada  1974    1986    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1137 1142  Rule    Canada  1974    2006    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1138 1143  Rule    Canada  1987    2006    -       Apr     Sun>=1  2:00    1:00    D
1139 1144  Rule    Canada  2007    max     -       Mar     Sun>=8  2:00    1:00    D
1140 1145  Rule    Canada  2007    max     -       Nov     Sun>=1  2:00    0       S
1141 1146  
1142 1147  
1143 1148  # Newfoundland and Labrador
1144 1149  
1145 1150  # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1146 1151  # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
1147 1152  # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
1148 1153  # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
1149 1154  # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1150 1155  
1151 1156  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1152 1157  Rule    StJohns 1917    only    -       Apr      8      2:00    1:00    D
1153 1158  Rule    StJohns 1917    only    -       Sep     17      2:00    0       S
1154 1159  # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1155 1160  Rule    StJohns 1919    only    -       May      5      23:00   1:00    D
1156 1161  Rule    StJohns 1919    only    -       Aug     12      23:00   0       S
1157 1162  # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1158 1163  Rule    StJohns 1920    1935    -       May     Sun>=1  23:00   1:00    D
1159 1164  Rule    StJohns 1920    1935    -       Oct     lastSun 23:00   0       S
1160 1165  # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1161 1166  # Pottenger.
1162 1167  Rule    StJohns 1936    1941    -       May     Mon>=9  0:00    1:00    D
1163 1168  Rule    StJohns 1936    1941    -       Oct     Mon>=2  0:00    0       S
1164 1169  # Whitman gives the following transitions:
1165 1170  # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1166 1171  # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1167 1172  # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1168 1173  # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1169 1174  Rule    StJohns 1946    1950    -       May     Sun>=8  2:00    1:00    D
1170 1175  Rule    StJohns 1946    1950    -       Oct     Sun>=2  2:00    0       S
1171 1176  Rule    StJohns 1951    1986    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1172 1177  Rule    StJohns 1951    1959    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1173 1178  Rule    StJohns 1960    1986    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1174 1179  # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1175 1180  # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1176 1181  # at 00:01 local time.  For now, assume it started in 1987.
1177 1182  
1178 1183  # From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1179 1184  # We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1180 1185  # changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1181 1186  # The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1182 1187  # Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1183 1188  # now occurs at 2:00AM.
1184 1189  # ...
1185 1190  # http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1186 1191  # ...
1187 1192  # MICHAEL PELLEY  |  Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1188 1193  # Office of the Chief Information Officer
1189 1194  # Executive Council
1190 1195  # Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1191 1196  
1192 1197  Rule    StJohns 1987    only    -       Apr     Sun>=1  0:01    1:00    D
1193 1198  Rule    StJohns 1987    2006    -       Oct     lastSun 0:01    0       S
1194 1199  Rule    StJohns 1988    only    -       Apr     Sun>=1  0:01    2:00    DD
1195 1200  Rule    StJohns 1989    2006    -       Apr     Sun>=1  0:01    1:00    D
1196 1201  Rule    StJohns 2007    2011    -       Mar     Sun>=8  0:01    1:00    D
1197 1202  Rule    StJohns 2007    2010    -       Nov     Sun>=1  0:01    0       S
1198 1203  #
1199 1204  # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1200 1205  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1201 1206  Zone America/St_Johns   -3:30:52 -      LMT     1884
1202 1207                          -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT   1918
1203 1208                          -3:30:52 Canada N%sT    1919
1204 1209                          -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT   1935 Mar 30
1205 1210                          -3:30   StJohns N%sT    1942 May 11
1206 1211                          -3:30   Canada  N%sT    1946
1207 1212                          -3:30   StJohns N%sT    2011 Nov
1208 1213                          -3:30   Canada  N%sT
1209 1214  
1210 1215  # most of east Labrador
1211 1216  
1212 1217  # The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1213 1218  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1214 1219  Zone America/Goose_Bay  -4:01:40 -      LMT     1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1215 1220                          -3:30:52 -      NST     1918
1216 1221                          -3:30:52 Canada N%sT    1919
1217 1222                          -3:30:52 -      NST     1935 Mar 30
1218 1223                          -3:30   -       NST     1936
1219 1224                          -3:30   StJohns N%sT    1942 May 11
1220 1225                          -3:30   Canada  N%sT    1946
1221 1226                          -3:30   StJohns N%sT    1966 Mar 15  2:00
1222 1227                          -4:00   StJohns A%sT    2011 Nov
1223 1228                          -4:00   Canada  A%sT
1224 1229  
1225 1230  
1226 1231  # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1227 1232  
1228 1233  # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1229 1234  # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1230 1235  # Halifax.  Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1231 1236  # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
1232 1237  # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1233 1238  # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1234 1239  # this is a typo.
1235 1240  
1236 1241  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1237 1242  Rule    Halifax 1916    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    1:00    D
1238 1243  Rule    Halifax 1916    only    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       S
1239 1244  Rule    Halifax 1920    only    -       May      9      0:00    1:00    D
1240 1245  Rule    Halifax 1920    only    -       Aug     29      0:00    0       S
1241 1246  Rule    Halifax 1921    only    -       May      6      0:00    1:00    D
1242 1247  Rule    Halifax 1921    1922    -       Sep      5      0:00    0       S
1243 1248  Rule    Halifax 1922    only    -       Apr     30      0:00    1:00    D
1244 1249  Rule    Halifax 1923    1925    -       May     Sun>=1  0:00    1:00    D
1245 1250  Rule    Halifax 1923    only    -       Sep      4      0:00    0       S
1246 1251  Rule    Halifax 1924    only    -       Sep     15      0:00    0       S
1247 1252  Rule    Halifax 1925    only    -       Sep     28      0:00    0       S
1248 1253  Rule    Halifax 1926    only    -       May     16      0:00    1:00    D
1249 1254  Rule    Halifax 1926    only    -       Sep     13      0:00    0       S
1250 1255  Rule    Halifax 1927    only    -       May      1      0:00    1:00    D
1251 1256  Rule    Halifax 1927    only    -       Sep     26      0:00    0       S
1252 1257  Rule    Halifax 1928    1931    -       May     Sun>=8  0:00    1:00    D
1253 1258  Rule    Halifax 1928    only    -       Sep      9      0:00    0       S
1254 1259  Rule    Halifax 1929    only    -       Sep      3      0:00    0       S
1255 1260  Rule    Halifax 1930    only    -       Sep     15      0:00    0       S
1256 1261  Rule    Halifax 1931    1932    -       Sep     Mon>=24 0:00    0       S
1257 1262  Rule    Halifax 1932    only    -       May      1      0:00    1:00    D
1258 1263  Rule    Halifax 1933    only    -       Apr     30      0:00    1:00    D
1259 1264  Rule    Halifax 1933    only    -       Oct      2      0:00    0       S
1260 1265  Rule    Halifax 1934    only    -       May     20      0:00    1:00    D
1261 1266  Rule    Halifax 1934    only    -       Sep     16      0:00    0       S
1262 1267  Rule    Halifax 1935    only    -       Jun      2      0:00    1:00    D
1263 1268  Rule    Halifax 1935    only    -       Sep     30      0:00    0       S
1264 1269  Rule    Halifax 1936    only    -       Jun      1      0:00    1:00    D
1265 1270  Rule    Halifax 1936    only    -       Sep     14      0:00    0       S
1266 1271  Rule    Halifax 1937    1938    -       May     Sun>=1  0:00    1:00    D
1267 1272  Rule    Halifax 1937    1941    -       Sep     Mon>=24 0:00    0       S
1268 1273  Rule    Halifax 1939    only    -       May     28      0:00    1:00    D
1269 1274  Rule    Halifax 1940    1941    -       May     Sun>=1  0:00    1:00    D
1270 1275  Rule    Halifax 1946    1949    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1271 1276  Rule    Halifax 1946    1949    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1272 1277  Rule    Halifax 1951    1954    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1273 1278  Rule    Halifax 1951    1954    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1274 1279  Rule    Halifax 1956    1959    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1275 1280  Rule    Halifax 1956    1959    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1276 1281  Rule    Halifax 1962    1973    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1277 1282  Rule    Halifax 1962    1973    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1278 1283  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1279 1284  Zone America/Halifax    -4:14:24 -      LMT     1902 Jun 15
1280 1285                          -4:00   Halifax A%sT    1918
1281 1286                          -4:00   Canada  A%sT    1919
1282 1287                          -4:00   Halifax A%sT    1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1283 1288                          -4:00   Canada  A%sT    1946
1284 1289                          -4:00   Halifax A%sT    1974
1285 1290                          -4:00   Canada  A%sT
1286 1291  Zone America/Glace_Bay  -3:59:48 -      LMT     1902 Jun 15
1287 1292                          -4:00   Canada  A%sT    1953
1288 1293                          -4:00   Halifax A%sT    1954
1289 1294                          -4:00   -       AST     1972
1290 1295                          -4:00   Halifax A%sT    1974
1291 1296                          -4:00   Canada  A%sT
1292 1297  
1293 1298  # New Brunswick
1294 1299  
1295 1300  # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1296 1301  # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1297 1302  # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1298 1303  # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1299 1304  # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1300 1305  # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1301 1306  
1302 1307  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1303 1308  Rule    Moncton 1933    1935    -       Jun     Sun>=8  1:00    1:00    D
1304 1309  Rule    Moncton 1933    1935    -       Sep     Sun>=8  1:00    0       S
1305 1310  Rule    Moncton 1936    1938    -       Jun     Sun>=1  1:00    1:00    D
1306 1311  Rule    Moncton 1936    1938    -       Sep     Sun>=1  1:00    0       S
1307 1312  Rule    Moncton 1939    only    -       May     27      1:00    1:00    D
1308 1313  Rule    Moncton 1939    1941    -       Sep     Sat>=21 1:00    0       S
1309 1314  Rule    Moncton 1940    only    -       May     19      1:00    1:00    D
1310 1315  Rule    Moncton 1941    only    -       May      4      1:00    1:00    D
1311 1316  Rule    Moncton 1946    1972    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1312 1317  Rule    Moncton 1946    1956    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1313 1318  Rule    Moncton 1957    1972    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1314 1319  Rule    Moncton 1993    2006    -       Apr     Sun>=1  0:01    1:00    D
1315 1320  Rule    Moncton 1993    2006    -       Oct     lastSun 0:01    0       S
1316 1321  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1317 1322  Zone America/Moncton    -4:19:08 -      LMT     1883 Dec  9
1318 1323                          -5:00   -       EST     1902 Jun 15
1319 1324                          -4:00   Canada  A%sT    1933
1320 1325                          -4:00   Moncton A%sT    1942
1321 1326                          -4:00   Canada  A%sT    1946
1322 1327                          -4:00   Moncton A%sT    1973
1323 1328                          -4:00   Canada  A%sT    1993
1324 1329                          -4:00   Moncton A%sT    2007
1325 1330                          -4:00   Canada  A%sT
1326 1331  
1327 1332  # Quebec
1328 1333  
1329 1334  # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-30):
1330 1335  # Since 1970 most of Quebec has been like Toronto.
1331 1336  # However, because earlier versions of the tz database mistakenly relied on data
1332 1337  # from Shanks & Pottenger saying that Quebec differed from Ontario after 1970,
1333 1338  # a separate entry was created for most of Quebec.  We're loath to lose
1334 1339  # its pre-1970 info, even though the tz database is normally limited to
1335 1340  # zones that differ after 1970, so keep this otherwise out-of-scope entry.
1336 1341  
1337 1342  # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1338 1343  # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1339 1344  # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1340 1345  # The Quebec department of justice writes in
1341 1346  # "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
1342 1347  # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
1343 1348  # that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
1344 1349  # observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
1345 1350  # http://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
1346 1351  # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1347 1352  # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1348 1353  # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1349 1354  
1350 1355  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1351 1356  Rule    Mont    1917    only    -       Mar     25      2:00    1:00    D
1352 1357  Rule    Mont    1917    only    -       Apr     24      0:00    0       S
1353 1358  Rule    Mont    1919    only    -       Mar     31      2:30    1:00    D
1354 1359  Rule    Mont    1919    only    -       Oct     25      2:30    0       S
1355 1360  Rule    Mont    1920    only    -       May      2      2:30    1:00    D
1356 1361  Rule    Mont    1920    1922    -       Oct     Sun>=1  2:30    0       S
1357 1362  Rule    Mont    1921    only    -       May      1      2:00    1:00    D
1358 1363  Rule    Mont    1922    only    -       Apr     30      2:00    1:00    D
1359 1364  Rule    Mont    1924    only    -       May     17      2:00    1:00    D
1360 1365  Rule    Mont    1924    1926    -       Sep     lastSun 2:30    0       S
1361 1366  Rule    Mont    1925    1926    -       May     Sun>=1  2:00    1:00    D
1362 1367  Rule    Mont    1927    1937    -       Apr     lastSat 24:00   1:00    D
1363 1368  Rule    Mont    1927    1937    -       Sep     lastSat 24:00   0       S
1364 1369  Rule    Mont    1938    1940    -       Apr     lastSun 0:00    1:00    D
1365 1370  Rule    Mont    1938    1939    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    0       S
1366 1371  Rule    Mont    1946    1973    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1367 1372  Rule    Mont    1945    1948    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1368 1373  Rule    Mont    1949    1950    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1369 1374  Rule    Mont    1951    1956    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1370 1375  Rule    Mont    1957    1973    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1371 1376  
1372 1377  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1373 1378  Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 -    LMT     1884
1374 1379                          -4:00   Canada  A%sT    1970
1375 1380                          -4:00   -       AST
1376 1381  Zone America/Montreal   -4:54:16 -      LMT     1884
1377 1382                          -5:00   Mont    E%sT    1918
1378 1383                          -5:00   Canada  E%sT    1919
1379 1384                          -5:00   Mont    E%sT    1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1380 1385                          -5:00   Canada  E%sT    1946
1381 1386                          -5:00   Mont    E%sT    1974
1382 1387                          -5:00   Canada  E%sT
1383 1388  
1384 1389  # Ontario
1385 1390  
1386 1391  # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1387 1392  # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1388 1393  # Toronto.
1389 1394  # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1390 1395  # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1391 1396  # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1392 1397  # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1393 1398  
1394 1399  # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1395 1400  # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1396 1401  # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1397 1402  # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1398 1403  # have already done so.  In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1399 1404  # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1400 1405  # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1401 1406  # only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1402 1407  # presumably that should be -07-06.  (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1403 1408  # earlier in June).
1404 1409  #
1405 1410  # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1406 1411  
1407 1412  # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1408 1413  # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1409 1414  # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1410 1415  # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1411 1416  # He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1412 1417  # http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html
1413 1418  # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1414 1419  # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1415 1420  # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1416 1421  #
1417 1422  # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1418 1423  # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1419 1424  # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1420 1425  # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1421 1426  # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1422 1427  #
1423 1428  # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1424 1429  # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1425 1430  # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1426 1431  #
1427 1432  #       The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1428 1433  #       This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1429 1434  #       the other half on eastern time.
1430 1435  #
1431 1436  #       For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1432 1437  #
1433 1438  #       "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1434 1439  #       Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1435 1440  #       said.  "I don't see any changes happening here."
1436 1441  #
1437 1442  # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1438 1443  # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1439 1444  
1440 1445  # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1441 1446  # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1442 1447  # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1443 1448  # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1444 1449  # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1445 1450  
1446 1451  # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1447 1452  # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1448 1453  # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1449 1454  # McKinnon sounds more authoritative.  For now, assume that Atikokan
1450 1455  # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1451 1456  # ended.  This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1452 1457  # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1453 1458  # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1454 1459  
1455 1460  # From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1456 1461  #
1457 1462  # Currently the database has:
1458 1463  #
1459 1464  # # Ontario
1460 1465  #
1461 1466  # # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1462 1467  # # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1463 1468  # # Toronto.
1464 1469  # # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1465 1470  # # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1466 1471  # # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1467 1472  #
1468 1473  # In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1469 1474  # right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1470 1475  # time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1471 1476  #
1472 1477  #     The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1473 1478  #     except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1474 1479  #
1475 1480  # Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1476 1481  #
1477 1482  # I only came across this incidentally.  I don't know if Windsor began
1478 1483  # observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1479 1484  #
1480 1485  # By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1481 1486  #
1482 1487  #     Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1483 1488  #     three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1484 1489  
1485 1490  # From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1486 1491  #
1487 1492  # "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1488 1493  # The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1489 1494  # volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1490 1495  # was available at
1491 1496  # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1492 1497  #
1493 1498  # It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1494 1499  #
1495 1500  #   A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1496 1501  # require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1497 1502  # the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1498 1503  # and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1499 1504  # ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1500 1505  # for the other provinces only approximate:
1501 1506  #
1502 1507  #       Province        Daylight saving time used
1503 1508  # Prince Edward Island  Not used.
1504 1509  # Nova Scotia           In Halifax only.
1505 1510  # New Brunswick         In St. John only.
1506 1511  # Quebec                In the following places:
1507 1512  #                       Montreal        Lachine
1508 1513  #                       Quebec          Mont-Royal
1509 1514  #                       Lévis          Iberville
1510 1515  #                       St. Lambert     Cap de la Madelèine
1511 1516  #                       Verdun          Loretteville
1512 1517  #                       Westmount       Richmond
1513 1518  #                       Outremont       St. Jérôme
1514 1519  #                       Longueuil       Greenfield Park
1515 1520  #                       Arvida          Waterloo
1516 1521  #                       Chambly-Canton  Beaulieu
1517 1522  #                       Melbourne       La Tuque
1518 1523  #                       St. Théophile  Buckingham
1519 1524  # Ontario               Used generally in the cities and towns along
1520 1525  #                       the southerly part of the province. Not
1521 1526  #                       used in the northwesterly part.
1522 1527  # Manitoba              Not used.
1523 1528  # Saskatchewan          In Regina only.
1524 1529  # Alberta               Not used.
1525 1530  # British Columbia      Not used.
1526 1531  #
1527 1532  #   With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1528 1533  # to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1529 1534  
1530 1535  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1531 1536  Rule    Toronto 1919    only    -       Mar     30      23:30   1:00    D
1532 1537  Rule    Toronto 1919    only    -       Oct     26      0:00    0       S
1533 1538  Rule    Toronto 1920    only    -       May      2      2:00    1:00    D
1534 1539  Rule    Toronto 1920    only    -       Sep     26      0:00    0       S
1535 1540  Rule    Toronto 1921    only    -       May     15      2:00    1:00    D
1536 1541  Rule    Toronto 1921    only    -       Sep     15      2:00    0       S
1537 1542  Rule    Toronto 1922    1923    -       May     Sun>=8  2:00    1:00    D
1538 1543  # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1539 1544  # was meant.
1540 1545  Rule    Toronto 1922    1926    -       Sep     Sun>=15 2:00    0       S
1541 1546  Rule    Toronto 1924    1927    -       May     Sun>=1  2:00    1:00    D
1542 1547  # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1543 1548  # Rule  Toronto 1927    1937    -       Sep     Sun>=25 2:00    0       S
1544 1549  # Rule  Toronto 1928    1937    -       Apr     Sun>=25 2:00    1:00    D
1545 1550  # Rule  Toronto 1938    1940    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1546 1551  # Rule  Toronto 1938    1939    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1547 1552  # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1548 1553  # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1549 1554  Rule    Toronto 1927    1932    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1550 1555  Rule    Toronto 1928    1931    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1551 1556  Rule    Toronto 1932    only    -       May     1       2:00    1:00    D
1552 1557  Rule    Toronto 1933    1940    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1553 1558  Rule    Toronto 1933    only    -       Oct     1       2:00    0       S
1554 1559  Rule    Toronto 1934    1939    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1555 1560  Rule    Toronto 1945    1946    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1556 1561  Rule    Toronto 1946    only    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1557 1562  Rule    Toronto 1947    1949    -       Apr     lastSun 0:00    1:00    D
1558 1563  Rule    Toronto 1947    1948    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    0       S
1559 1564  Rule    Toronto 1949    only    -       Nov     lastSun 0:00    0       S
1560 1565  Rule    Toronto 1950    1973    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1561 1566  Rule    Toronto 1950    only    -       Nov     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1562 1567  Rule    Toronto 1951    1956    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1563 1568  # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1564 1569  # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1565 1570  # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1566 1571  # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1567 1572  Rule    Toronto 1957    1973    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1568 1573  
1569 1574  # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1570 1575  # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1571 1576  # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1572 1577  # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1573 1578  # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1574 1579  
1575 1580  # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1576 1581  # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1577 1582  # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1578 1583  # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1579 1584  # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1580 1585  # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1581 1586  # include the Thunder Bay area....  When Canada adopted daylight
1582 1587  # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1583 1588  # already, did not change their clocks....  During the Second World
1584 1589  # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1585 1590  # months for the remainder of the war years.
1586 1591  
1587 1592  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1588 1593  Zone America/Toronto    -5:17:32 -      LMT     1895
1589 1594                          -5:00   Canada  E%sT    1919
1590 1595                          -5:00   Toronto E%sT    1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1591 1596                          -5:00   Canada  E%sT    1946
1592 1597                          -5:00   Toronto E%sT    1974
1593 1598                          -5:00   Canada  E%sT
1594 1599  Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 -     LMT     1895
1595 1600                          -6:00   -       CST     1910
1596 1601                          -5:00   -       EST     1942
1597 1602                          -5:00   Canada  E%sT    1970
1598 1603                          -5:00   Toronto E%sT    1973
1599 1604                          -5:00   -       EST     1974
1600 1605                          -5:00   Canada  E%sT
1601 1606  Zone America/Nipigon    -5:53:04 -      LMT     1895
1602 1607                          -5:00   Canada  E%sT    1940 Sep 29
1603 1608                          -5:00   1:00    EDT     1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1604 1609                          -5:00   Canada  E%sT
1605 1610  Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 -     LMT     1895
1606 1611                          -6:00   Canada  C%sT    1940 Sep 29
1607 1612                          -6:00   1:00    CDT     1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1608 1613                          -6:00   Canada  C%sT
1609 1614  Zone America/Atikokan   -6:06:28 -      LMT     1895
1610 1615                          -6:00   Canada  C%sT    1940 Sep 29
1611 1616                          -6:00   1:00    CDT     1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1612 1617                          -6:00   Canada  C%sT    1945 Sep 30  2:00
1613 1618                          -5:00   -       EST
1614 1619  
1615 1620  
1616 1621  # Manitoba
1617 1622  
1618 1623  # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1619 1624  # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1620 1625  # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1621 1626  # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1622 1627  # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1623 1628  # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1624 1629  # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1625 1630  # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1626 1631  # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1627 1632  # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1628 1633  # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1629 1634  # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1630 1635  # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1631 1636  
1632 1637  # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1633 1638  # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1634 1639  # starting 1966.  Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1635 1640  # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1636 1641  
1637 1642  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1638 1643  Rule    Winn    1916    only    -       Apr     23      0:00    1:00    D
1639 1644  Rule    Winn    1916    only    -       Sep     17      0:00    0       S
1640 1645  Rule    Winn    1918    only    -       Apr     14      2:00    1:00    D
1641 1646  Rule    Winn    1918    only    -       Oct     27      2:00    0       S
1642 1647  Rule    Winn    1937    only    -       May     16      2:00    1:00    D
1643 1648  Rule    Winn    1937    only    -       Sep     26      2:00    0       S
1644 1649  Rule    Winn    1942    only    -       Feb      9      2:00    1:00    W # War
1645 1650  Rule    Winn    1945    only    -       Aug     14      23:00u  1:00    P # Peace
1646 1651  Rule    Winn    1945    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1647 1652  Rule    Winn    1946    only    -       May     12      2:00    1:00    D
1648 1653  Rule    Winn    1946    only    -       Oct     13      2:00    0       S
1649 1654  Rule    Winn    1947    1949    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1650 1655  Rule    Winn    1947    1949    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1651 1656  Rule    Winn    1950    only    -       May      1      2:00    1:00    D
1652 1657  Rule    Winn    1950    only    -       Sep     30      2:00    0       S
1653 1658  Rule    Winn    1951    1960    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1654 1659  Rule    Winn    1951    1958    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1655 1660  Rule    Winn    1959    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1656 1661  Rule    Winn    1960    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1657 1662  Rule    Winn    1963    only    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1658 1663  Rule    Winn    1963    only    -       Sep     22      2:00    0       S
1659 1664  Rule    Winn    1966    1986    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00s   1:00    D
1660 1665  Rule    Winn    1966    2005    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00s   0       S
1661 1666  Rule    Winn    1987    2005    -       Apr     Sun>=1  2:00s   1:00    D
1662 1667  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1663 1668  Zone America/Winnipeg   -6:28:36 -      LMT     1887 Jul 16
1664 1669                          -6:00   Winn    C%sT    2006
1665 1670                          -6:00   Canada  C%sT
1666 1671  
1667 1672  
1668 1673  # Saskatchewan
1669 1674  
1670 1675  # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1671 1676  # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1672 1677  # level.  As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1673 1678  # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1674 1679  # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1675 1680  # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1676 1681  # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1677 1682  # the summer".  The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1678 1683  # time was noted.
1679 1684  
1680 1685  # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1681 1686  # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1682 1687  # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1683 1688  
1684 1689  # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1685 1690  # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1686 1691  # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1687 1692  # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1688 1693  # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1689 1694  # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1690 1695  
1691 1696  # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1692 1697  # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1693 1698  # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1694 1699  # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1695 1700  # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1696 1701  #
1697 1702  # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1698 1703  # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1699 1704  # their affiliations in one direction or the other.  In 1965 a provincial
1700 1705  # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1701 1706  #
1702 1707  # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1703 1708  # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1704 1709  # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1705 1710  # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1706 1711  # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1707 1712  # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1708 1713  # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1709 1714  #
1710 1715  # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1711 1716  # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1712 1717  # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1713 1718  # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1714 1719  # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1715 1720  # since sometime in the 1960s.
1716 1721  
1717 1722  # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1718 1723  # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1719 1724  # long and rather painful to read.
1720 1725  # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1721 1726  
1722 1727  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1723 1728  Rule    Regina  1918    only    -       Apr     14      2:00    1:00    D
1724 1729  Rule    Regina  1918    only    -       Oct     27      2:00    0       S
1725 1730  Rule    Regina  1930    1934    -       May     Sun>=1  0:00    1:00    D
1726 1731  Rule    Regina  1930    1934    -       Oct     Sun>=1  0:00    0       S
1727 1732  Rule    Regina  1937    1941    -       Apr     Sun>=8  0:00    1:00    D
1728 1733  Rule    Regina  1937    only    -       Oct     Sun>=8  0:00    0       S
1729 1734  Rule    Regina  1938    only    -       Oct     Sun>=1  0:00    0       S
1730 1735  Rule    Regina  1939    1941    -       Oct     Sun>=8  0:00    0       S
1731 1736  Rule    Regina  1942    only    -       Feb      9      2:00    1:00    W # War
1732 1737  Rule    Regina  1945    only    -       Aug     14      23:00u  1:00    P # Peace
1733 1738  Rule    Regina  1945    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1734 1739  Rule    Regina  1946    only    -       Apr     Sun>=8  2:00    1:00    D
1735 1740  Rule    Regina  1946    only    -       Oct     Sun>=8  2:00    0       S
1736 1741  Rule    Regina  1947    1957    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1737 1742  Rule    Regina  1947    1957    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1738 1743  Rule    Regina  1959    only    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1739 1744  Rule    Regina  1959    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1740 1745  #
1741 1746  Rule    Swift   1957    only    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1742 1747  Rule    Swift   1957    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1743 1748  Rule    Swift   1959    1961    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1744 1749  Rule    Swift   1959    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1745 1750  Rule    Swift   1960    1961    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1746 1751  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1747 1752  Zone America/Regina     -6:58:36 -      LMT     1905 Sep
1748 1753                          -7:00   Regina  M%sT    1960 Apr lastSun  2:00
1749 1754                          -6:00   -       CST
1750 1755  Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 -   LMT     1905 Sep
1751 1756                          -7:00   Canada  M%sT    1946 Apr lastSun  2:00
1752 1757                          -7:00   Regina  M%sT    1950
1753 1758                          -7:00   Swift   M%sT    1972 Apr lastSun  2:00
1754 1759                          -6:00   -       CST
1755 1760  
1756 1761  
1757 1762  # Alberta
1758 1763  
1759 1764  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1760 1765  Rule    Edm     1918    1919    -       Apr     Sun>=8  2:00    1:00    D
1761 1766  Rule    Edm     1918    only    -       Oct     27      2:00    0       S
1762 1767  Rule    Edm     1919    only    -       May     27      2:00    0       S
1763 1768  Rule    Edm     1920    1923    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1764 1769  Rule    Edm     1920    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1765 1770  Rule    Edm     1921    1923    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1766 1771  Rule    Edm     1942    only    -       Feb      9      2:00    1:00    W # War
1767 1772  Rule    Edm     1945    only    -       Aug     14      23:00u  1:00    P # Peace
1768 1773  Rule    Edm     1945    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1769 1774  Rule    Edm     1947    only    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1770 1775  Rule    Edm     1947    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1771 1776  Rule    Edm     1967    only    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1772 1777  Rule    Edm     1967    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1773 1778  Rule    Edm     1969    only    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1774 1779  Rule    Edm     1969    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1775 1780  Rule    Edm     1972    1986    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1776 1781  Rule    Edm     1972    2006    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1777 1782  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1778 1783  Zone America/Edmonton   -7:33:52 -      LMT     1906 Sep
1779 1784                          -7:00   Edm     M%sT    1987
1780 1785                          -7:00   Canada  M%sT
1781 1786  
1782 1787  
1783 1788  # British Columbia
1784 1789  
1785 1790  # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1786 1791  # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1787 1792  # been like Vancouver.
1788 1793  # Dawson Creek uses MST.  Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1789 1794  # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1790 1795  
1791 1796  # It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
1792 1797  
1793 1798  # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
1794 1799  # There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
1795 1800  # that do not currently observe daylight saving:
1796 1801  # a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
1797 1802  # b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
1798 1803  # (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
1799 1804  
1800 1805  # Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
1801 1806  # keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
1802 1807  # manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
1803 1808  # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1804 1809  # According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
1805 1810  # i.e. Creston has been stuck on UTC-7 for 93 years.
1806 1811  # Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
1807 1812  
1808 1813  # Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
1809 1814  # unknown and will be difficult to ascertain.  I e-mailed Tammy a few months
1810 1815  # ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess.  She said it was just
1811 1816  # as plausible as any other date (in June).  She also said that after writing
1812 1817  # the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the
1813 1818  # subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
1814 1819  # http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
1815 1820  
1816 1821  # Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
1817 1822  # 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
1818 1823  # Exact date unknown
1819 1824  # 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
1820 1825  # Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
1821 1826  # 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
1822 1827  # Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
1823 1828  # note#1:
1824 1829  # On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
1825 1830  # Creston did not change its clocks.
1826 1831  # note#2:
1827 1832  # During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
1828 1833  # Creston did not oblige.
1829 1834  # note#3:
1830 1835  # There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
1831 1836  # (UTC-7) forever.
1832 1837  # The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
1833 1838  # http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
1834 1839  
1835 1840  # During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
1836 1841  # In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
1837 1842  # summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
1838 1843  # the change.  It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
1839 1844  # period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
1840 1845  # (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
1841 1846  
1842 1847  # The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
1843 1848  
1844 1849  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1845 1850  Rule    Vanc    1918    only    -       Apr     14      2:00    1:00    D
1846 1851  Rule    Vanc    1918    only    -       Oct     27      2:00    0       S
1847 1852  Rule    Vanc    1942    only    -       Feb      9      2:00    1:00    W # War
1848 1853  Rule    Vanc    1945    only    -       Aug     14      23:00u  1:00    P # Peace
1849 1854  Rule    Vanc    1945    only    -       Sep     30      2:00    0       S
1850 1855  Rule    Vanc    1946    1986    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1851 1856  Rule    Vanc    1946    only    -       Oct     13      2:00    0       S
1852 1857  Rule    Vanc    1947    1961    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1853 1858  Rule    Vanc    1962    2006    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
1854 1859  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1855 1860  Zone America/Vancouver  -8:12:28 -      LMT     1884
1856 1861                          -8:00   Vanc    P%sT    1987
1857 1862                          -8:00   Canada  P%sT
1858 1863  Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 -    LMT     1884
1859 1864                          -8:00   Canada  P%sT    1947
1860 1865                          -8:00   Vanc    P%sT    1972 Aug 30  2:00
1861 1866                          -7:00   -       MST
1862 1867  Zone America/Creston    -7:46:04 -      LMT     1884
1863 1868                          -7:00   -       MST     1916 Oct 1
1864 1869                          -8:00   -       PST     1918 Jun 2
1865 1870                          -7:00   -       MST
1866 1871  
1867 1872  # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1868 1873  
1869 1874  # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1870 1875  # Dawson switched to PST in 1973.  Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1871 1876  # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1872 1877  #       * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1873 1878  #       c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9.  This is still valid;
1874 1879  #       see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1875 1880  #       * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1876 1881  #       * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1877 1882  #       * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1878 1883  # Shanks & Pottenger say Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go
1879 1884  # with Englander.
1880 1885  # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1881 1886  # Here is a link to the old daylight saving portion of the interpretation
1882 1887  # act which was last updated in 1987:
1883 1888  # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic1987_056.pdf
1884 1889  
1885 1890  # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
1886 1891  # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
1887 1892  # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
1888 1893  # http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html
1889 1894  #
1890 1895  # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
1891 1896  # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
1892 1897  # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
1893 1898  
1894 1899  # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1895 1900  # Basic Facts: The New Territory
1896 1901  # http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html
1897 1902  # (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
1898 1903  # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST.  We don't know when
1899 1904  # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
1900 1905  
1901 1906  # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1902 1907  # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
1903 1908  # Pangnirtung wobbled.  Here is the result of their wobble:
1904 1909  #
1905 1910  # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
1906 1911  #
1907 1912  #       First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
1908 1913  #       Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
1909 1914  #
1910 1915  # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
1911 1916  #
1912 1917  #       Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
1913 1918  #
1914 1919  # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
1915 1920  # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
1916 1921  # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
1917 1922  # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
1918 1923  # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
1919 1924  # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
1920 1925  # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
1921 1926  # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
1922 1927  # the current state of affairs.
1923 1928  
1924 1929  # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
1925 1930  # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19):
1926 1931  # http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html
1927 1932  # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
1928 1933  # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
1929 1934  # for municipal offices and schools....  Igloolik [was similar but then]
1930 1935  # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
1931 1936  
1932 1937  # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1933 1938  # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
1934 1939  # for these potential new Zones.
1935 1940  #
1936 1941  # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
1937 1942  # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
1938 1943  # zone] skip daylight savings.  Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
1939 1944  # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
1940 1945  # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
1941 1946  # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
1942 1947  # required to use daylight savings.
1943 1948  
1944 1949  # From <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
1945 1950  # Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
1946 1951  # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
1947 1952  # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
1948 1953  # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
1949 1954  # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
1950 1955  # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
1951 1956  # the rest of the territory for the winter.  Cambridge Bay remained on
1952 1957  # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
1953 1958  # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
1954 1959  # unified time zone in 1999.
1955 1960  #
1956 1961  # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
1957 1962  # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
1958 1963  
1959 1964  # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1960 1965  # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
1961 1966  
1962 1967  # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
  
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1963 1968  # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
1964 1969  # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
1965 1970  # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern).  Of the
1966 1971  # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
1967 1972  # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round.  I'm
1968 1973  # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
1969 1974  # more.
1970 1975  # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
1971 1976  
1972 1977  # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
1973      -# According to maps at
1974      -# http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SWE.jpg
1975      -# http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SSE.jpg
1976      -# (both dated 2003), and
     1978 +# According to ...
1977 1979  # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
1978 1980  # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
1979 1981  # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
1980 1982  # round.  Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
1981 1983  # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
1982 1984  # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
1983 1985  # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
1984 1986  #
1985      -# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
     1987 +# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):
1986 1988  # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
1987      -# daylight saving only during wartime.
     1989 +# daylight saving only during wartime.  Gwillim Law's email also
     1990 +# mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;
     1991 +# see above for an up-to-date link.
1988 1992  
1989 1993  # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
1990 1994  # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
1991 1995  # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
1992 1996  # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
1993 1997  # daylight saving....
1994 1998  # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
1995 1999  
1996 2000  # From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
1997 2001  # Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
1998 2002  # Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
1999 2003  # the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2000 2004  # decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2001 2005  #
2002 2006  # According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2003 2007  # went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2004 2008  #
2005 2009  # On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2006 2010  # 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2007 2011  # talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2008 2012  # to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2009 2013  # explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2010 2014  # (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2011 2015  # i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2012 2016  # had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2013 2017  # so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2014 2018  #
2015 2019  # On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2016 2020  # phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2017 2021  # of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2018 2022  # information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2019 2023  # Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2020 2024  # Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2021 2025  # and worked in Resolute Bay...
2022 2026  #
2023 2027  # On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2024 2028  # Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2025 2029  # 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2026 2030  # on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2027 2031  # had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2028 2032  # tell me when the practice had stopped.
2029 2033  #
2030 2034  # On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2031 2035  # somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2032 2036  # off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2033 2037  # used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2034 2038  # businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2035 2039  # Aziz:
2036 2040  # http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2037 2041  #
2038 2042  # I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2039 2043  # Eastern Standard Time.
2040 2044  #
2041 2045  # Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2042 2046  # 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2043 2047  # of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2044 2048  # the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2045 2049  #
2046 2050  # This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2047 2051  #
2048 2052  # I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2049 2053  # responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2050 2054  # may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2051 2055  # search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2052 2056  #
2053 2057  # If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2054 2058  # never have contacted her.  I now believe that all the information I
2055 2059  # obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2056 2060  # I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2057 2061  
2058 2062  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
2059 2063  Rule    NT_YK   1918    only    -       Apr     14      2:00    1:00    D
2060 2064  Rule    NT_YK   1918    only    -       Oct     27      2:00    0       S
2061 2065  Rule    NT_YK   1919    only    -       May     25      2:00    1:00    D
2062 2066  Rule    NT_YK   1919    only    -       Nov      1      0:00    0       S
2063 2067  Rule    NT_YK   1942    only    -       Feb      9      2:00    1:00    W # War
2064 2068  Rule    NT_YK   1945    only    -       Aug     14      23:00u  1:00    P # Peace
2065 2069  Rule    NT_YK   1945    only    -       Sep     30      2:00    0       S
2066 2070  Rule    NT_YK   1965    only    -       Apr     lastSun 0:00    2:00    DD
2067 2071  Rule    NT_YK   1965    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
2068 2072  Rule    NT_YK   1980    1986    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
2069 2073  Rule    NT_YK   1980    2006    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
2070 2074  Rule    NT_YK   1987    2006    -       Apr     Sun>=1  2:00    1:00    D
2071 2075  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2072 2076  # aka Panniqtuuq
2073 2077  Zone America/Pangnirtung 0      -       zzz     1921 # trading post est.
2074 2078                          -4:00   NT_YK   A%sT    1995 Apr Sun>=1  2:00
2075 2079                          -5:00   Canada  E%sT    1999 Oct 31  2:00
2076 2080                          -6:00   Canada  C%sT    2000 Oct 29  2:00
2077 2081                          -5:00   Canada  E%sT
2078 2082  # formerly Frobisher Bay
2079 2083  Zone America/Iqaluit    0       -       zzz     1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2080 2084                          -5:00   NT_YK   E%sT    1999 Oct 31  2:00
2081 2085                          -6:00   Canada  C%sT    2000 Oct 29  2:00
2082 2086                          -5:00   Canada  E%sT
2083 2087  # aka Qausuittuq
2084 2088  Zone America/Resolute   0       -       zzz     1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2085 2089                          -6:00   NT_YK   C%sT    2000 Oct 29  2:00
2086 2090                          -5:00   -       EST     2001 Apr  1  3:00
2087 2091                          -6:00   Canada  C%sT    2006 Oct 29  2:00
2088 2092                          -5:00   -       EST     2007 Mar 11  3:00
2089 2093                          -6:00   Canada  C%sT
2090 2094  # aka Kangiqiniq
2091 2095  Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0     -       zzz     1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2092 2096                          -6:00   NT_YK   C%sT    2000 Oct 29  2:00
2093 2097                          -5:00   -       EST     2001 Apr  1  3:00
2094 2098                          -6:00   Canada  C%sT
2095 2099  # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2096 2100  Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0    -       zzz     1920 # trading post est.?
2097 2101                          -7:00   NT_YK   M%sT    1999 Oct 31  2:00
2098 2102                          -6:00   Canada  C%sT    2000 Oct 29  2:00
2099 2103                          -5:00   -       EST     2000 Nov  5  0:00
2100 2104                          -6:00   -       CST     2001 Apr  1  3:00
2101 2105                          -7:00   Canada  M%sT
2102 2106  Zone America/Yellowknife 0      -       zzz     1935 # Yellowknife founded?
2103 2107                          -7:00   NT_YK   M%sT    1980
2104 2108                          -7:00   Canada  M%sT
2105 2109  Zone America/Inuvik     0       -       zzz     1953 # Inuvik founded
2106 2110                          -8:00   NT_YK   P%sT    1979 Apr lastSun  2:00
2107 2111                          -7:00   NT_YK   M%sT    1980
2108 2112                          -7:00   Canada  M%sT
2109 2113  Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 -      LMT     1900 Aug 20
2110 2114                          -9:00   NT_YK   Y%sT    1966 Jul  1  2:00
2111 2115                          -8:00   NT_YK   P%sT    1980
2112 2116                          -8:00   Canada  P%sT
  
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2113 2117  Zone America/Dawson     -9:17:40 -      LMT     1900 Aug 20
2114 2118                          -9:00   NT_YK   Y%sT    1973 Oct 28  0:00
2115 2119                          -8:00   NT_YK   P%sT    1980
2116 2120                          -8:00   Canada  P%sT
2117 2121  
2118 2122  
2119 2123  ###############################################################################
2120 2124  
2121 2125  # Mexico
2122 2126  
2123      -# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
     2127 +# From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):
2124 2128  # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2125 2129  # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2126 2130  # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2127      -# http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/
     2131 +# http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm
2128 2132  #
2129 2133  # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2130 2134  # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2131 2135  # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2132 2136  # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2133 2137  # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2134 2138  # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2135 2139  
2136 2140  # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2137 2141  # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2138 2142  # tz database.  I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2139 2143  # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2140 2144  # the relevant documents.
2141 2145  
2142 2146  # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2143 2147  # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2144 2148  # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2145 2149  #
2146 2150  # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2147 2151  #
2148 2152  # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2149 2153  # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2150 2154  #
2151 2155  # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2152 2156  #    - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2153 2157  #    - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2154 2158  #    - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2155 2159  #
2156 2160  # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2157 2161  #    at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2158 2162  #    BajaNorte: GMT+7
2159 2163  #    BajaSur:   GMT+6
2160 2164  #    General:   GMT+5
2161 2165  #
2162 2166  # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2163 2167  #    BajaNorte: GMT+8
2164 2168  #    BajaSur:   GMT+7
2165 2169  #    General:   GMT+6
2166 2170  #
2167 2171  # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2168 2172  #
2169 2173  # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2170 2174  # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2171 2175  # For an English translation of the decree, see
2172 2176  # "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2173 2177  # http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html
2174 2178  
2175 2179  # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2176 2180  # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2177 2181  # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2178 2182  
2179 2183  # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2180 2184  # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2181 2185  # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2182 2186  # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2183 2187  # Arizona year round.
2184 2188  
2185 2189  # From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2186 2190  # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2187 2191  # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2188 2192  # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2189 2193  # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2190 2194  # whole year.
2191 2195  
2192 2196  # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2193 2197  # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2194 2198  # (translated):...
2195 2199  # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2196 2200  # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2197 2201  # this year....
2198 2202  # http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001
2199 2203  # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2200 2204  # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2201 2205  
2202 2206  # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2203 2207  # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2204 2208  # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2205 2209  # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2206 2210  # ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2207 2211  # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2208 2212  # the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2209 2213  # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2210 2214  
2211 2215  # Official statute published by the Energy Department
2212 2216  # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre
2213 2217  # (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2214 2218  # and Sonora with no DST.  This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2215 2219  
2216 2220  # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2217 2221  #
2218 2222  # http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html
2219 2223  # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2220 2224  # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2221 2225  # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2222 2226  #   the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2223 2227  # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2224 2228  # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2225 2229  #   the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2226 2230  #
2227 2231  # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2228 2232  
2229 2233  # From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2230 2234  # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2231 2235  # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2232 2236  # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2233 2237  # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2234 2238  # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2235 2239  # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2236 2240  # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2237 2241  # September 30, 2001.
2238 2242  # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2239 2243  # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2240 2244  
2241 2245  # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2242 2246  # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2243 2247  # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2244 2248  # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2245 2249  # next year....  The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2246 2250  # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2247 2251  # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2248 2252  # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2249 2253  
2250 2254  # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2251 2255  # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2252 2256  # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2253 2257  # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2254 2258  # confirms this.  Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2255 2259  
2256 2260  # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2257 2261  #
2258 2262  # Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2259 2263  # > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2260 2264  # > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2261 2265  # > the United States.
2262 2266  # Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2263 2267  # 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2264 2268  # http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2265 2269  # http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2266 2270  # (Spanish)
2267 2271  #
2268 2272  # Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2269 2273  # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2270 2274  # (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2271 2275  #
2272 2276  # There is also a list of the votes here:
2273 2277  # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2274 2278  #
2275 2279  # Our page:
2276 2280  # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2277 2281  
2278 2282  # From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2279 2283  # The page
2280 2284  # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2281 2285  # includes this text:
2282 2286  # En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2283 2287  # Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2284 2288  # Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2285 2289  # Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
  
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2286 2290  # desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2287 2291  # horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2288 2292  # En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2289 2293  # fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2290 2294  # internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2291 2295  # kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2292 2296  # interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2293 2297  # efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2294 2298  # las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2295 2299  
     2300 +# From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:
     2301 +# The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.
     2302 +#
     2303 +# http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo
     2304 +# "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios
     2305 +# of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an
     2306 +# end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change
     2307 +# was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time
     2308 +# zone along with the rest of the country."
     2309 +#
     2310 +# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:
     2311 +# http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html
     2312 +# "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday
     2313 +# of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current
     2314 +# time..."
     2315 +#
     2316 +# Also, the new zone will not use DST.
     2317 +
2296 2318  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
2297 2319  Rule    Mexico  1939    only    -       Feb     5       0:00    1:00    D
2298 2320  Rule    Mexico  1939    only    -       Jun     25      0:00    0       S
2299 2321  Rule    Mexico  1940    only    -       Dec     9       0:00    1:00    D
2300 2322  Rule    Mexico  1941    only    -       Apr     1       0:00    0       S
2301 2323  Rule    Mexico  1943    only    -       Dec     16      0:00    1:00    W # War
2302 2324  Rule    Mexico  1944    only    -       May     1       0:00    0       S
2303 2325  Rule    Mexico  1950    only    -       Feb     12      0:00    1:00    D
2304 2326  Rule    Mexico  1950    only    -       Jul     30      0:00    0       S
2305 2327  Rule    Mexico  1996    2000    -       Apr     Sun>=1  2:00    1:00    D
2306 2328  Rule    Mexico  1996    2000    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
2307 2329  Rule    Mexico  2001    only    -       May     Sun>=1  2:00    1:00    D
2308 2330  Rule    Mexico  2001    only    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0       S
2309 2331  Rule    Mexico  2002    max     -       Apr     Sun>=1  2:00    1:00    D
2310 2332  Rule    Mexico  2002    max     -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
2311 2333  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2312 2334  # Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2313 2335  Zone America/Cancun     -5:47:04 -      LMT     1922 Jan  1  0:12:56
2314 2336                          -6:00   -       CST     1981 Dec 23
2315 2337                          -5:00   Mexico  E%sT    1998 Aug  2  2:00
2316      -                        -6:00   Mexico  C%sT
     2338 +                        -6:00   Mexico  C%sT    2015 Feb  1  2:00
     2339 +                        -5:00   -       EST
2317 2340  # Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2318 2341  Zone America/Merida     -5:58:28 -      LMT     1922 Jan  1  0:01:32
2319 2342                          -6:00   -       CST     1981 Dec 23
2320 2343                          -5:00   -       EST     1982 Dec  2
2321 2344                          -6:00   Mexico  C%sT
2322 2345  # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2323 2346  Zone America/Matamoros  -6:40:00 -      LMT     1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2324 2347                          -6:00   -       CST     1988
2325 2348                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1989
2326 2349                          -6:00   Mexico  C%sT    2010
2327 2350                          -6:00   US      C%sT
2328 2351  # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2329 2352  Zone America/Monterrey  -6:41:16 -      LMT     1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2330 2353                          -6:00   -       CST     1988
2331 2354                          -6:00   US      C%sT    1989
2332 2355                          -6:00   Mexico  C%sT
2333 2356  # Central Mexico
2334 2357  Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 -     LMT     1922 Jan  1  0:23:24
2335 2358                          -7:00   -       MST     1927 Jun 10 23:00
2336 2359                          -6:00   -       CST     1930 Nov 15
2337 2360                          -7:00   -       MST     1931 May  1 23:00
2338 2361                          -6:00   -       CST     1931 Oct
2339 2362                          -7:00   -       MST     1932 Apr  1
2340 2363                          -6:00   Mexico  C%sT    2001 Sep 30  2:00
2341 2364                          -6:00   -       CST     2002 Feb 20
2342 2365                          -6:00   Mexico  C%sT
2343 2366  # Chihuahua (near US border)
2344 2367  Zone America/Ojinaga    -6:57:40 -      LMT     1922 Jan  1  0:02:20
2345 2368                          -7:00   -       MST     1927 Jun 10 23:00
2346 2369                          -6:00   -       CST     1930 Nov 15
2347 2370                          -7:00   -       MST     1931 May  1 23:00
2348 2371                          -6:00   -       CST     1931 Oct
2349 2372                          -7:00   -       MST     1932 Apr  1
2350 2373                          -6:00   -       CST     1996
2351 2374                          -6:00   Mexico  C%sT    1998
2352 2375                          -6:00   -       CST     1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00
2353 2376                          -7:00   Mexico  M%sT    2010
2354 2377                          -7:00   US      M%sT
2355 2378  # Chihuahua (away from US border)
2356 2379  Zone America/Chihuahua  -7:04:20 -      LMT     1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2357 2380                          -7:00   -       MST     1927 Jun 10 23:00
2358 2381                          -6:00   -       CST     1930 Nov 15
2359 2382                          -7:00   -       MST     1931 May  1 23:00
2360 2383                          -6:00   -       CST     1931 Oct
2361 2384                          -7:00   -       MST     1932 Apr  1
2362 2385                          -6:00   -       CST     1996
2363 2386                          -6:00   Mexico  C%sT    1998
2364 2387                          -6:00   -       CST     1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00
2365 2388                          -7:00   Mexico  M%sT
2366 2389  # Sonora
2367 2390  Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 -      LMT     1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2368 2391                          -7:00   -       MST     1927 Jun 10 23:00
2369 2392                          -6:00   -       CST     1930 Nov 15
2370 2393                          -7:00   -       MST     1931 May  1 23:00
2371 2394                          -6:00   -       CST     1931 Oct
2372 2395                          -7:00   -       MST     1932 Apr  1
2373 2396                          -6:00   -       CST     1942 Apr 24
2374 2397                          -7:00   -       MST     1949 Jan 14
2375 2398                          -8:00   -       PST     1970
2376 2399                          -7:00   Mexico  M%sT    1999
2377 2400                          -7:00   -       MST
2378 2401  
2379 2402  # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2380 2403  # According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2381 2404  # changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2382 2405  # share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2383 2406  #
2384 2407  # (Spanish)
2385 2408  # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2386 2409  # país, a partir de este domingo
2387 2410  # http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2388 2411  #
2389 2412  # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2390 2413  # País
2391 2414  # http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2392 2415  #
2393 2416  # (English)
2394 2417  # Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2395 2418  # http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2396 2419  # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2397 2420  #
2398 2421  # "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2399 2422  # will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2400 2423  # zone ..."
2401 2424  # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2402 2425  
2403 2426  # From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2404 2427  # Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2405 2428  
2406 2429  # Mazatlán
2407 2430  Zone America/Mazatlan   -7:05:40 -      LMT     1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2408 2431                          -7:00   -       MST     1927 Jun 10 23:00
2409 2432                          -6:00   -       CST     1930 Nov 15
2410 2433                          -7:00   -       MST     1931 May  1 23:00
2411 2434                          -6:00   -       CST     1931 Oct
2412 2435                          -7:00   -       MST     1932 Apr  1
2413 2436                          -6:00   -       CST     1942 Apr 24
2414 2437                          -7:00   -       MST     1949 Jan 14
2415 2438                          -8:00   -       PST     1970
2416 2439                          -7:00   Mexico  M%sT
2417 2440  
2418 2441  # Bahía de Banderas
2419 2442  Zone America/Bahia_Banderas     -7:01:00 -      LMT     1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2420 2443                          -7:00   -       MST     1927 Jun 10 23:00
2421 2444                          -6:00   -       CST     1930 Nov 15
2422 2445                          -7:00   -       MST     1931 May  1 23:00
2423 2446                          -6:00   -       CST     1931 Oct
2424 2447                          -7:00   -       MST     1932 Apr  1
2425 2448                          -6:00   -       CST     1942 Apr 24
2426 2449                          -7:00   -       MST     1949 Jan 14
2427 2450                          -8:00   -       PST     1970
2428 2451                          -7:00   Mexico  M%sT    2010 Apr  4  2:00
2429 2452                          -6:00   Mexico  C%sT
2430 2453  
2431 2454  # Baja California (near US border)
2432 2455  Zone America/Tijuana    -7:48:04 -      LMT     1922 Jan  1  0:11:56
2433 2456                          -7:00   -       MST     1924
2434 2457                          -8:00   -       PST     1927 Jun 10 23:00
2435 2458                          -7:00   -       MST     1930 Nov 15
2436 2459                          -8:00   -       PST     1931 Apr  1
2437 2460                          -8:00   1:00    PDT     1931 Sep 30
2438 2461                          -8:00   -       PST     1942 Apr 24
2439 2462                          -8:00   1:00    PWT     1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2440 2463                          -8:00   1:00    PPT     1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2441 2464                          -8:00   -       PST     1948 Apr  5
2442 2465                          -8:00   1:00    PDT     1949 Jan 14
2443 2466                          -8:00   -       PST     1954
2444 2467                          -8:00   CA      P%sT    1961
2445 2468                          -8:00   -       PST     1976
2446 2469                          -8:00   US      P%sT    1996
2447 2470                          -8:00   Mexico  P%sT    2001
2448 2471                          -8:00   US      P%sT    2002 Feb 20
2449 2472                          -8:00   Mexico  P%sT    2010
2450 2473                          -8:00   US      P%sT
2451 2474  # Baja California (away from US border)
2452 2475  Zone America/Santa_Isabel       -7:39:28 -      LMT     1922 Jan  1  0:20:32
2453 2476                          -7:00   -       MST     1924
2454 2477                          -8:00   -       PST     1927 Jun 10 23:00
2455 2478                          -7:00   -       MST     1930 Nov 15
2456 2479                          -8:00   -       PST     1931 Apr  1
2457 2480                          -8:00   1:00    PDT     1931 Sep 30
2458 2481                          -8:00   -       PST     1942 Apr 24
2459 2482                          -8:00   1:00    PWT     1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2460 2483                          -8:00   1:00    PPT     1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2461 2484                          -8:00   -       PST     1948 Apr  5
2462 2485                          -8:00   1:00    PDT     1949 Jan 14
2463 2486                          -8:00   -       PST     1954
2464 2487                          -8:00   CA      P%sT    1961
2465 2488                          -8:00   -       PST     1976
2466 2489                          -8:00   US      P%sT    1996
2467 2490                          -8:00   Mexico  P%sT    2001
2468 2491                          -8:00   US      P%sT    2002 Feb 20
2469 2492                          -8:00   Mexico  P%sT
2470 2493  # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2471 2494  # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2472 2495  # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2473 2496  # through 1995.  This was as per Shanks (1999).  But Shanks & Pottenger say
2474 2497  # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975.  Guy Harris reports
2475 2498  # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2476 2499  # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2477 2500  # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then.  This concerns
2478 2501  # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2479 2502  # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2480 2503  # name or contents should be.
2481 2504  #
2482 2505  # Revillagigedo Is
2483 2506  # no information
2484 2507  
2485 2508  ###############################################################################
2486 2509  
2487 2510  # Anguilla
2488 2511  # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2489 2512  
2490 2513  # Antigua and Barbuda
2491 2514  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2492 2515  Zone    America/Antigua -4:07:12 -      LMT     1912 Mar 2
2493 2516                          -5:00   -       EST     1951
2494 2517                          -4:00   -       AST
2495 2518  
2496 2519  # Bahamas
2497 2520  #
2498 2521  # For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
2499 2522  #
2500 2523  # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2501 2524  # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2502 2525  # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2503 2526  # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2504 2527  
2505 2528  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
2506 2529  Rule    Bahamas 1964    1975    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0       S
2507 2530  Rule    Bahamas 1964    1975    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
2508 2531  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2509 2532  Zone    America/Nassau  -5:09:30 -      LMT     1912 Mar 2
2510 2533                          -5:00   Bahamas E%sT    1976
2511 2534                          -5:00   US      E%sT
2512 2535  
2513 2536  # Barbados
2514 2537  
2515 2538  # For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
2516 2539  
2517 2540  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
2518 2541  Rule    Barb    1977    only    -       Jun     12      2:00    1:00    D
2519 2542  Rule    Barb    1977    1978    -       Oct     Sun>=1  2:00    0       S
2520 2543  Rule    Barb    1978    1980    -       Apr     Sun>=15 2:00    1:00    D
2521 2544  Rule    Barb    1979    only    -       Sep     30      2:00    0       S
2522 2545  Rule    Barb    1980    only    -       Sep     25      2:00    0       S
2523 2546  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2524 2547  Zone America/Barbados   -3:58:29 -      LMT     1924 # Bridgetown
2525 2548                          -3:58:29 -      BMT     1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2526 2549                          -4:00   Barb    A%sT
2527 2550  
2528 2551  # Belize
2529 2552  # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2530 2553  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
2531 2554  Rule    Belize  1918    1942    -       Oct     Sun>=2  0:00    0:30    HD
2532 2555  Rule    Belize  1919    1943    -       Feb     Sun>=9  0:00    0       S
2533 2556  Rule    Belize  1973    only    -       Dec      5      0:00    1:00    D
2534 2557  Rule    Belize  1974    only    -       Feb      9      0:00    0       S
2535 2558  Rule    Belize  1982    only    -       Dec     18      0:00    1:00    D
2536 2559  Rule    Belize  1983    only    -       Feb     12      0:00    0       S
2537 2560  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2538 2561  Zone    America/Belize  -5:52:48 -      LMT     1912 Apr
2539 2562                          -6:00   Belize  C%sT
2540 2563  
2541 2564  # Bermuda
2542 2565  
2543 2566  # For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2544 2567  # Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
2545 2568  
2546 2569  # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2547 2570  
2548 2571  # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2549 2572  # in March, until the first Sunday in November.  And, after the Time Zone
2550 2573  # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2551 2574  # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2552 2575  # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2553 2576  
2554 2577  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2555 2578  Zone Atlantic/Bermuda   -4:19:18 -      LMT     1930 Jan  1  2:00 # Hamilton
2556 2579                          -4:00   -       AST     1974 Apr 28  2:00
2557 2580                          -4:00   Canada  A%sT    1976
2558 2581                          -4:00   US      A%sT
2559 2582  
2560 2583  # Cayman Is
2561 2584  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2562 2585  Zone    America/Cayman  -5:25:32 -      LMT     1890     # Georgetown
2563 2586                          -5:07:11 -      KMT     1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2564 2587                          -5:00   -       EST
2565 2588  
2566 2589  # Costa Rica
2567 2590  
2568 2591  # Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
2569 2592  
2570 2593  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
2571 2594  Rule    CR      1979    1980    -       Feb     lastSun 0:00    1:00    D
2572 2595  Rule    CR      1979    1980    -       Jun     Sun>=1  0:00    0       S
2573 2596  Rule    CR      1991    1992    -       Jan     Sat>=15 0:00    1:00    D
2574 2597  # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2575 2598  # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2576 2599  Rule    CR      1991    only    -       Jul      1      0:00    0       S
2577 2600  Rule    CR      1992    only    -       Mar     15      0:00    0       S
2578 2601  # There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2579 2602  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2580 2603  Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 -      LMT     1890        # San José
2581 2604                          -5:36:13 -      SJMT    1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
2582 2605                          -6:00   CR      C%sT
2583 2606  # Coco
2584 2607  # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2585 2608  
2586 2609  # Cuba
2587 2610  
2588 2611  # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2589 2612  # Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
2590 2613  # for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
2591 2614  # For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
2592 2615  
2593 2616  # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2594 2617  # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2595 2618  # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2596 2619  # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2597 2620  # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2598 2621  # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2599 2622  # Time today."  (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2600 2623  # sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2601 2624  # to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
2602 2625  # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2603 2626  
2604 2627  # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
2605 2628  # DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
2606 2629  # years before.  The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
2607 2630  # https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
2608 2631  
2609 2632  # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2610 2633  # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2611 2634  # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2612 2635  # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2613 2636  # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2614 2637  # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2615 2638  # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2616 2639  # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2617 2640  
2618 2641  # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2619 2642  # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2620 2643  # adjustment in Cuba.  We will stay in daylight saving time:
2621 2644  # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2622 2645  
2623 2646  # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2624 2647  # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2625 2648  # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2626 2649  # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2627 2650  # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2628 2651  # watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
2629 2652  # to the normal schedule....
2630 2653  
2631 2654  # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2632 2655  # <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
2633 2656  # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2634 2657  # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2635 2658  # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2636 2659  #
2637 2660  # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2638 2661  # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2639 2662  # earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2640 2663  #
2641 2664  # He supplied these references:
2642 2665  #
2643 2666  # http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2644 2667  # http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2645 2668  #
2646 2669  # From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
2647 2670  # Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2648 2671  #
2649 2672  # Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
2650 2673  # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2651 2674  #
2652 2675  # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2653 2676  
2654 2677  # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2655 2678  # I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2656 2679  # Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2657 2680  # http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2658 2681  # a Cuban information station, and heard
2659 2682  # the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2660 2683  # indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2661 2684  
2662 2685  # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2663 2686  # It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2664 2687  # It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2665 2688  # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2666 2689  #
2667 2690  # Some more background information is posted here:
2668 2691  # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
2669 2692  #
2670 2693  # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
2671 2694  # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
2672 2695  # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
2673 2696  # observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
2674 2697  # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
2675 2698  # change some historic records as well.
2676 2699  #
2677 2700  # One example:
2678 2701  # http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
2679 2702  
2680 2703  # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
2681 2704  # The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
2682 2705  # web site, the Granma.  Please check out
2683 2706  # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
2684 2707  #
2685 2708  # Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
2686 2709  # will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
2687 2710  
2688 2711  # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
2689 2712  # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
2690 2713  
2691 2714  # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
2692 2715  # According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
2693 2716  # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
2694 2717  # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
2695 2718  #
2696 2719  # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
2697 2720  # (in Spanish)
2698 2721  
2699 2722  # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
2700 2723  # I listened over the Internet to
2701 2724  # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
2702 2725  # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
2703 2726  # the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
2704 2727  # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
2705 2728  
2706 2729  # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
2707 2730  # Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
2708 2731  # this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
2709 2732  # changed at all).
2710 2733  #
2711 2734  # Source:
2712 2735  # http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
2713 2736  #
2714 2737  # Our info:
2715 2738  # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
2716 2739  #
2717 2740  # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
2718 2741  # Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
2719 2742  # tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
2720 2743  #
2721 2744  # One source (Spanish)
2722 2745  # http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
2723 2746  #
2724 2747  # Our page:
2725 2748  # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
2726 2749  #
2727 2750  # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
2728 2751  # According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
2729 2752  # 31 and April 1.
2730 2753  #
2731 2754  # Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
2732 2755  # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
2733 2756  #
2734 2757  # Our info on it:
2735 2758  # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
2736 2759  
2737 2760  # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
2738 2761  # Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
2739 2762  # to standard time on 2012-11-04:
2740 2763  # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
2741 2764  # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
2742 2765  # For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
2743 2766  
2744 2767  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
2745 2768  Rule    Cuba    1928    only    -       Jun     10      0:00    1:00    D
2746 2769  Rule    Cuba    1928    only    -       Oct     10      0:00    0       S
2747 2770  Rule    Cuba    1940    1942    -       Jun     Sun>=1  0:00    1:00    D
2748 2771  Rule    Cuba    1940    1942    -       Sep     Sun>=1  0:00    0       S
2749 2772  Rule    Cuba    1945    1946    -       Jun     Sun>=1  0:00    1:00    D
2750 2773  Rule    Cuba    1945    1946    -       Sep     Sun>=1  0:00    0       S
2751 2774  Rule    Cuba    1965    only    -       Jun     1       0:00    1:00    D
2752 2775  Rule    Cuba    1965    only    -       Sep     30      0:00    0       S
2753 2776  Rule    Cuba    1966    only    -       May     29      0:00    1:00    D
2754 2777  Rule    Cuba    1966    only    -       Oct     2       0:00    0       S
2755 2778  Rule    Cuba    1967    only    -       Apr     8       0:00    1:00    D
2756 2779  Rule    Cuba    1967    1968    -       Sep     Sun>=8  0:00    0       S
2757 2780  Rule    Cuba    1968    only    -       Apr     14      0:00    1:00    D
2758 2781  Rule    Cuba    1969    1977    -       Apr     lastSun 0:00    1:00    D
2759 2782  Rule    Cuba    1969    1971    -       Oct     lastSun 0:00    0       S
2760 2783  Rule    Cuba    1972    1974    -       Oct     8       0:00    0       S
2761 2784  Rule    Cuba    1975    1977    -       Oct     lastSun 0:00    0       S
2762 2785  Rule    Cuba    1978    only    -       May     7       0:00    1:00    D
2763 2786  Rule    Cuba    1978    1990    -       Oct     Sun>=8  0:00    0       S
2764 2787  Rule    Cuba    1979    1980    -       Mar     Sun>=15 0:00    1:00    D
2765 2788  Rule    Cuba    1981    1985    -       May     Sun>=5  0:00    1:00    D
2766 2789  Rule    Cuba    1986    1989    -       Mar     Sun>=14 0:00    1:00    D
2767 2790  Rule    Cuba    1990    1997    -       Apr     Sun>=1  0:00    1:00    D
2768 2791  Rule    Cuba    1991    1995    -       Oct     Sun>=8  0:00s   0       S
2769 2792  Rule    Cuba    1996    only    -       Oct      6      0:00s   0       S
2770 2793  Rule    Cuba    1997    only    -       Oct     12      0:00s   0       S
2771 2794  Rule    Cuba    1998    1999    -       Mar     lastSun 0:00s   1:00    D
2772 2795  Rule    Cuba    1998    2003    -       Oct     lastSun 0:00s   0       S
2773 2796  Rule    Cuba    2000    2003    -       Apr     Sun>=1  0:00s   1:00    D
2774 2797  Rule    Cuba    2004    only    -       Mar     lastSun 0:00s   1:00    D
2775 2798  Rule    Cuba    2006    2010    -       Oct     lastSun 0:00s   0       S
2776 2799  Rule    Cuba    2007    only    -       Mar     Sun>=8  0:00s   1:00    D
2777 2800  Rule    Cuba    2008    only    -       Mar     Sun>=15 0:00s   1:00    D
2778 2801  Rule    Cuba    2009    2010    -       Mar     Sun>=8  0:00s   1:00    D
2779 2802  Rule    Cuba    2011    only    -       Mar     Sun>=15 0:00s   1:00    D
2780 2803  Rule    Cuba    2011    only    -       Nov     13      0:00s   0       S
2781 2804  Rule    Cuba    2012    only    -       Apr     1       0:00s   1:00    D
2782 2805  Rule    Cuba    2012    max     -       Nov     Sun>=1  0:00s   0       S
2783 2806  Rule    Cuba    2013    max     -       Mar     Sun>=8  0:00s   1:00    D
2784 2807  
2785 2808  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2786 2809  Zone    America/Havana  -5:29:28 -      LMT     1890
2787 2810                          -5:29:36 -      HMT     1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
2788 2811                          -5:00   Cuba    C%sT
2789 2812  
2790 2813  # Dominica
2791 2814  # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2792 2815  
2793 2816  # Dominican Republic
2794 2817  
2795 2818  # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
2796 2819  # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
2797 2820  # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
2798 2821  # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
2799 2822  
2800 2823  # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2801 2824  # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
2802 2825  
2803 2826  # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
2804 2827  # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
2805 2828  # November 28, 2000, with a new decree.  On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
2806 2829  # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
2807 2830  # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future.  The reason they
2808 2831  # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
2809 2832  # to implement DST.  When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
2810 2833  # decided to revert.
2811 2834  
2812 2835  
2813 2836  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
2814 2837  Rule    DR      1966    only    -       Oct     30      0:00    1:00    D
2815 2838  Rule    DR      1967    only    -       Feb     28      0:00    0       S
2816 2839  Rule    DR      1969    1973    -       Oct     lastSun 0:00    0:30    HD
2817 2840  Rule    DR      1970    only    -       Feb     21      0:00    0       S
2818 2841  Rule    DR      1971    only    -       Jan     20      0:00    0       S
2819 2842  Rule    DR      1972    1974    -       Jan     21      0:00    0       S
2820 2843  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2821 2844  Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 -   LMT     1890
2822 2845                          -4:40   -       SDMT    1933 Apr  1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
2823 2846                          -5:00   DR      E%sT    1974 Oct 27
2824 2847                          -4:00   -       AST     2000 Oct 29  2:00
2825 2848                          -5:00   US      E%sT    2000 Dec  3  1:00
2826 2849                          -4:00   -       AST
2827 2850  
2828 2851  # El Salvador
2829 2852  
2830 2853  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
2831 2854  Rule    Salv    1987    1988    -       May     Sun>=1  0:00    1:00    D
2832 2855  Rule    Salv    1987    1988    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    0       S
2833 2856  # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
2834 2857  # instead of America/San_Salvador.
2835 2858  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2836 2859  Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 -     LMT     1921 # San Salvador
2837 2860                          -6:00   Salv    C%sT
2838 2861  
2839 2862  # Grenada
2840 2863  # Guadeloupe
2841 2864  # St Barthélemy
2842 2865  # St Martin (French part)
2843 2866  # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2844 2867  
2845 2868  # Guatemala
2846 2869  #
2847 2870  # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
2848 2871  # Diario Co Latino, at
2849 2872  # <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
2850 2873  # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
2851 2874  # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
2852 2875  # impact of the elevated cost of oil....  Daylight saving time will last from
2853 2876  # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
2854 2877  # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
2855 2878  # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
2856 2879  # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00.  See
2857 2880  # http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf
2858 2881  
2859 2882  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
2860 2883  Rule    Guat    1973    only    -       Nov     25      0:00    1:00    D
2861 2884  Rule    Guat    1974    only    -       Feb     24      0:00    0       S
2862 2885  Rule    Guat    1983    only    -       May     21      0:00    1:00    D
2863 2886  Rule    Guat    1983    only    -       Sep     22      0:00    0       S
2864 2887  Rule    Guat    1991    only    -       Mar     23      0:00    1:00    D
2865 2888  Rule    Guat    1991    only    -       Sep      7      0:00    0       S
2866 2889  Rule    Guat    2006    only    -       Apr     30      0:00    1:00    D
2867 2890  Rule    Guat    2006    only    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       S
2868 2891  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2869 2892  Zone America/Guatemala  -6:02:04 -      LMT     1918 Oct 5
2870 2893                          -6:00   Guat    C%sT
2871 2894  
2872 2895  # Haiti
2873 2896  # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
2874 2897  # Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
2875 2898  # I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
2876 2899  # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
2877 2900  # <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>.  Translated from French, it says:
2878 2901  #
2879 2902  #  "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
2880 2903  #   and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
2881 2904  #   Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
2882 2905  #   provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
2883 2906  #   Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
2884 2907  #
2885 2908  #  "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
2886 2909  #   the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
2887 2910  #   starting at midnight.  This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
2888 2911  #   October 2005.
2889 2912  #
2890 2913  #  "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
2891 2914  #
2892 2915  # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
2893 2916  # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
2894 2917  # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
2895 2918  # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
2896 2919  # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
2897 2920  #
2898 2921  # I have found this article about it (in French):
2899 2922  # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
2900 2923  #
2901 2924  # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
2902 2925  
2903 2926  # From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
2904 2927  # Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
2905 2928  
2906 2929  # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
2907 2930  # According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
2908 2931  # apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
2909 2932  # So this means they have already changed their time.
2910 2933  #
2911 2934  # http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
2912 2935  # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
2913 2936  #
2914 2937  # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
2915 2938  # The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
2916 2939  # 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
2917 2940  # Assume a US-style fall back as well.
2918 2941  
2919 2942  # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
2920 2943  # It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
2921 2944  # as US/Canada.  They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
2922 2945  # are going to observe DST every year now...
2923 2946  #
2924 2947  # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
2925 2948  # http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
2926 2949  
2927 2950  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
2928 2951  Rule    Haiti   1983    only    -       May     8       0:00    1:00    D
2929 2952  Rule    Haiti   1984    1987    -       Apr     lastSun 0:00    1:00    D
2930 2953  Rule    Haiti   1983    1987    -       Oct     lastSun 0:00    0       S
2931 2954  # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
2932 2955  # Go with IATA.
2933 2956  Rule    Haiti   1988    1997    -       Apr     Sun>=1  1:00s   1:00    D
2934 2957  Rule    Haiti   1988    1997    -       Oct     lastSun 1:00s   0       S
2935 2958  Rule    Haiti   2005    2006    -       Apr     Sun>=1  0:00    1:00    D
2936 2959  Rule    Haiti   2005    2006    -       Oct     lastSun 0:00    0       S
2937 2960  Rule    Haiti   2012    max     -       Mar     Sun>=8  2:00    1:00    D
2938 2961  Rule    Haiti   2012    max     -       Nov     Sun>=1  2:00    0       S
2939 2962  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2940 2963  Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 -  LMT     1890
2941 2964                          -4:49   -       PPMT    1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
2942 2965                          -5:00   Haiti   E%sT
2943 2966  
2944 2967  # Honduras
2945 2968  # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
2946 2969  
2947 2970  # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
2948 2971  # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
2949 2972  # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
2950 2973  # months until September.  La Tribuna reported today
2951 2974  # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
2952 2975  # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
2953 2976  
2954 2977  # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
2955 2978  # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
2956 2979  # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
2957 2980  # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
2958 2981  
2959 2982  # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
2960 2983  # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).
2961 2984  # http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12
2962 2985  # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
2963 2986  
2964 2987  # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
2965 2988  # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
2966 2989  # published, I have located this authoritative source:
2967 2990  # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
2968 2991  
2969 2992  # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
2970 2993  # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
2971 2994  # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
2972 2995  
2973 2996  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
2974 2997  Rule    Hond    1987    1988    -       May     Sun>=1  0:00    1:00    D
2975 2998  Rule    Hond    1987    1988    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    0       S
2976 2999  Rule    Hond    2006    only    -       May     Sun>=1  0:00    1:00    D
2977 3000  Rule    Hond    2006    only    -       Aug     Mon>=1  0:00    0       S
  
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2978 3001  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2979 3002  Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 -     LMT     1921 Apr
2980 3003                          -6:00   Hond    C%sT
2981 3004  #
2982 3005  # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
2983 3006  
2984 3007  # Jamaica
2985 3008  # Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
2986 3009  # unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
2987 3010  # island".  Go with Milne.  Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
     3011 +#
     3012 +# Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
     3013 +# Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
     3014 +# Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US.  Neita also writes that
     3015 +# Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"
     3016 +# (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),
     3017 +# and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from
     3018 +# Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia.  See:
     3019 +# Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20
     3020 +# http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
     3021 +#
2988 3022  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2989 3023  Zone    America/Jamaica -5:07:11 -      LMT     1890        # Kingston
2990 3024                          -5:07:11 -      KMT     1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
2991      -                        -5:00   -       EST     1974 Apr 28  2:00
     3025 +                        -5:00   -       EST     1974
2992 3026                          -5:00   US      E%sT    1984
2993 3027                          -5:00   -       EST
2994 3028  
2995 3029  # Martinique
2996 3030  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
2997 3031  Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 -      LMT     1890        # Fort-de-France
2998 3032                          -4:04:20 -      FFMT    1911 May    # Fort-de-France MT
2999 3033                          -4:00   -       AST     1980 Apr  6
3000 3034                          -4:00   1:00    ADT     1980 Sep 28
3001 3035                          -4:00   -       AST
3002 3036  
3003 3037  # Montserrat
3004 3038  # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3005 3039  
3006 3040  # Nicaragua
3007 3041  #
3008 3042  # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3009 3043  #
3010 3044  # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3011 3045  # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3012 3046  # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3013 3047  # expensive petroleum.  The exact end date for DST is not yet
3014 3048  # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3015 3049  # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3016 3050  # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3017 3051  # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3018 3052  # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3019 3053  #
3020 3054  # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3021 3055  # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3022 3056  # assume that it is daylight saving....
3023 3057  #
3024 3058  # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3025 3059  # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3026 3060  # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3027 3061  # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3028 3062  # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3029 3063  # during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3030 3064  # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3031 3065  # since December 1998.  I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3032 3066  # changes in 2000.  Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3033 3067  # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3034 3068  #
3035 3069  # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3036 3070  # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3037 3071  # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3038 3072  # (2005-09-26)
3039 3073  #
3040 3074  # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3041 3075  # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3042 3076  # (my informal translation)
3043 3077  # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3044 3078  # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3045 3079  # morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3046 3080  #
3047 3081  # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3048 3082  # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3049 3083  # My informal translation runs:
3050 3084  # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3051 3085  # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3052 3086  #
3053 3087  # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
3054 3088  Rule    Nic     1979    1980    -       Mar     Sun>=16 0:00    1:00    D
3055 3089  Rule    Nic     1979    1980    -       Jun     Mon>=23 0:00    0       S
3056 3090  Rule    Nic     2005    only    -       Apr     10      0:00    1:00    D
3057 3091  Rule    Nic     2005    only    -       Oct     Sun>=1  0:00    0       S
3058 3092  Rule    Nic     2006    only    -       Apr     30      2:00    1:00    D
3059 3093  Rule    Nic     2006    only    -       Oct     Sun>=1  1:00    0       S
3060 3094  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
3061 3095  Zone    America/Managua -5:45:08 -      LMT     1890
3062 3096                          -5:45:12 -      MMT     1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3063 3097                          -6:00   -       CST     1973 May
3064 3098                          -5:00   -       EST     1975 Feb 16
3065 3099                          -6:00   Nic     C%sT    1992 Jan  1  4:00
3066 3100                          -5:00   -       EST     1992 Sep 24
3067 3101                          -6:00   -       CST     1993
3068 3102                          -5:00   -       EST     1997
3069 3103                          -6:00   Nic     C%sT
3070 3104  
3071 3105  # Panama
3072 3106  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
3073 3107  Zone    America/Panama  -5:18:08 -      LMT     1890
3074 3108                          -5:19:36 -      CMT     1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3075 3109                          -5:00   -       EST
3076 3110  
3077 3111  # Puerto Rico
3078 3112  # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3079 3113  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
3080 3114  Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 -     LMT     1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3081 3115                          -4:00   -       AST     1942 May  3
3082 3116                          -4:00   US      A%sT    1946
3083 3117                          -4:00   -       AST
3084 3118  
3085 3119  # St Kitts-Nevis
3086 3120  # St Lucia
3087 3121  # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3088 3122  
3089 3123  # St Pierre and Miquelon
3090 3124  # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3091 3125  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
3092 3126  Zone America/Miquelon   -3:44:40 -      LMT     1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3093 3127                          -4:00   -       AST     1980 May
3094 3128                          -3:00   -       PMST    1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
3095 3129                          -3:00   Canada  PM%sT
3096 3130  
3097 3131  # St Vincent and the Grenadines
3098 3132  # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3099 3133  
3100 3134  # Turks and Caicos
3101 3135  #
3102 3136  # From Chris Dunn in
3103 3137  # http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=415007
3104 3138  # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3105 3139  # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3106 3140  # the recent U.S. change of dates.
3107 3141  #
3108 3142  # From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
  
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3109 3143  # http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3110 3144  # there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3111 3145  # rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3112 3146  # "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3113 3147  # Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3114 3148  # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3115 3149  #
3116 3150  # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
3117 3151  # The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UTC-4 year-round.  See:
3118 3152  # http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
3119      -# Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST on 2014-11-02 at 02:00.
     3153 +# Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
     3154 +# From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
     3155 +# ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to
     3156 +# "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
     3157 +# http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
3120 3158  #
3121 3159  # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
3122 3160  Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 -      LMT     1890
3123 3161                          -5:07:11 -      KMT     1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3124 3162                          -5:00   -       EST     1979
3125      -                        -5:00   US      E%sT    2014 Nov  2  2:00
     3163 +                        -5:00   US      E%sT    2015 Nov Sun>=1 2:00
3126 3164                          -4:00   -       AST
3127 3165  
3128 3166  # British Virgin Is
3129 3167  # Virgin Is
3130 3168  # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3131 3169  
3132 3170  
3133 3171  # Local Variables:
3134 3172  # coding: utf-8
3135 3173  # End:
    
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