1 /*
   2  * CDDL HEADER START
   3  *
   4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
   5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
   6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   7  *
   8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
   9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
  10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
  11  * and limitations under the License.
  12  *
  13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
  14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
  15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
  16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
  17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
  18  *
  19  * CDDL HEADER END
  20  */
  21 /*
  22  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  23  * Copyright (c) 2012 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
  24  * Copyright 2011 Nexenta Systems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
  25  */
  26 
  27 /*
  28  * The objective of this program is to provide a DMU/ZAP/SPA stress test
  29  * that runs entirely in userland, is easy to use, and easy to extend.
  30  *
  31  * The overall design of the ztest program is as follows:
  32  *
  33  * (1) For each major functional area (e.g. adding vdevs to a pool,
  34  *     creating and destroying datasets, reading and writing objects, etc)
  35  *     we have a simple routine to test that functionality.  These
  36  *     individual routines do not have to do anything "stressful".
  37  *
  38  * (2) We turn these simple functionality tests into a stress test by
  39  *     running them all in parallel, with as many threads as desired,
  40  *     and spread across as many datasets, objects, and vdevs as desired.
  41  *
  42  * (3) While all this is happening, we inject faults into the pool to
  43  *     verify that self-healing data really works.
  44  *
  45  * (4) Every time we open a dataset, we change its checksum and compression
  46  *     functions.  Thus even individual objects vary from block to block
  47  *     in which checksum they use and whether they're compressed.
  48  *
  49  * (5) To verify that we never lose on-disk consistency after a crash,
  50  *     we run the entire test in a child of the main process.
  51  *     At random times, the child self-immolates with a SIGKILL.
  52  *     This is the software equivalent of pulling the power cord.
  53  *     The parent then runs the test again, using the existing
  54  *     storage pool, as many times as desired. If backwards compatability
  55  *     testing is enabled ztest will sometimes run the "older" version
  56  *     of ztest after a SIGKILL.
  57  *
  58  * (6) To verify that we don't have future leaks or temporal incursions,
  59  *     many of the functional tests record the transaction group number
  60  *     as part of their data.  When reading old data, they verify that
  61  *     the transaction group number is less than the current, open txg.
  62  *     If you add a new test, please do this if applicable.
  63  *
  64  * When run with no arguments, ztest runs for about five minutes and
  65  * produces no output if successful.  To get a little bit of information,
  66  * specify -V.  To get more information, specify -VV, and so on.
  67  *
  68  * To turn this into an overnight stress test, use -T to specify run time.
  69  *
  70  * You can ask more more vdevs [-v], datasets [-d], or threads [-t]
  71  * to increase the pool capacity, fanout, and overall stress level.
  72  *
  73  * Use the -k option to set the desired frequency of kills.
  74  *
  75  * When ztest invokes itself it passes all relevant information through a
  76  * temporary file which is mmap-ed in the child process. This allows shared
  77  * memory to survive the exec syscall. The ztest_shared_hdr_t struct is always
  78  * stored at offset 0 of this file and contains information on the size and
  79  * number of shared structures in the file. The information stored in this file
  80  * must remain backwards compatible with older versions of ztest so that
  81  * ztest can invoke them during backwards compatibility testing (-B).
  82  */
  83 
  84 #include <sys/zfs_context.h>
  85 #include <sys/spa.h>
  86 #include <sys/dmu.h>
  87 #include <sys/txg.h>
  88 #include <sys/dbuf.h>
  89 #include <sys/zap.h>
  90 #include <sys/dmu_objset.h>
  91 #include <sys/poll.h>
  92 #include <sys/stat.h>
  93 #include <sys/time.h>
  94 #include <sys/wait.h>
  95 #include <sys/mman.h>
  96 #include <sys/resource.h>
  97 #include <sys/zio.h>
  98 #include <sys/zil.h>
  99 #include <sys/zil_impl.h>
 100 #include <sys/vdev_impl.h>
 101 #include <sys/vdev_file.h>
 102 #include <sys/spa_impl.h>
 103 #include <sys/metaslab_impl.h>
 104 #include <sys/dsl_prop.h>
 105 #include <sys/dsl_dataset.h>
 106 #include <sys/dsl_scan.h>
 107 #include <sys/zio_checksum.h>
 108 #include <sys/refcount.h>
 109 #include <stdio.h>
 110 #include <stdio_ext.h>
 111 #include <stdlib.h>
 112 #include <unistd.h>
 113 #include <signal.h>
 114 #include <umem.h>
 115 #include <dlfcn.h>
 116 #include <ctype.h>
 117 #include <math.h>
 118 #include <sys/fs/zfs.h>
 119 #include <libnvpair.h>
 120 
 121 #define ZTEST_FD_DATA 3
 122 #define ZTEST_FD_RAND 4
 123 
 124 typedef struct ztest_shared_hdr {
 125         uint64_t        zh_hdr_size;
 126         uint64_t        zh_opts_size;
 127         uint64_t        zh_size;
 128         uint64_t        zh_stats_size;
 129         uint64_t        zh_stats_count;
 130         uint64_t        zh_ds_size;
 131         uint64_t        zh_ds_count;
 132 } ztest_shared_hdr_t;
 133 
 134 static ztest_shared_hdr_t *ztest_shared_hdr;
 135 
 136 typedef struct ztest_shared_opts {
 137         char zo_pool[MAXNAMELEN];
 138         char zo_dir[MAXNAMELEN];
 139         char zo_alt_ztest[MAXNAMELEN];
 140         char zo_alt_libpath[MAXNAMELEN];
 141         uint64_t zo_vdevs;
 142         uint64_t zo_vdevtime;
 143         size_t zo_vdev_size;
 144         int zo_ashift;
 145         int zo_mirrors;
 146         int zo_raidz;
 147         int zo_raidz_parity;
 148         int zo_datasets;
 149         int zo_threads;
 150         uint64_t zo_passtime;
 151         uint64_t zo_killrate;
 152         int zo_verbose;
 153         int zo_init;
 154         uint64_t zo_time;
 155         uint64_t zo_maxloops;
 156         uint64_t zo_metaslab_gang_bang;
 157 } ztest_shared_opts_t;
 158 
 159 static const ztest_shared_opts_t ztest_opts_defaults = {
 160         .zo_pool = { 'z', 't', 'e', 's', 't', '\0' },
 161         .zo_dir = { '/', 't', 'm', 'p', '\0' },
 162         .zo_alt_ztest = { '\0' },
 163         .zo_alt_libpath = { '\0' },
 164         .zo_vdevs = 5,
 165         .zo_ashift = SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT,
 166         .zo_mirrors = 2,
 167         .zo_raidz = 4,
 168         .zo_raidz_parity = 1,
 169         .zo_vdev_size = SPA_MINDEVSIZE,
 170         .zo_datasets = 7,
 171         .zo_threads = 23,
 172         .zo_passtime = 60,              /* 60 seconds */
 173         .zo_killrate = 70,              /* 70% kill rate */
 174         .zo_verbose = 0,
 175         .zo_init = 1,
 176         .zo_time = 300,                 /* 5 minutes */
 177         .zo_maxloops = 50,              /* max loops during spa_freeze() */
 178         .zo_metaslab_gang_bang = 32 << 10
 179 };
 180 
 181 extern uint64_t metaslab_gang_bang;
 182 extern uint64_t metaslab_df_alloc_threshold;
 183 
 184 static ztest_shared_opts_t *ztest_shared_opts;
 185 static ztest_shared_opts_t ztest_opts;
 186 
 187 typedef struct ztest_shared_ds {
 188         uint64_t        zd_seq;
 189 } ztest_shared_ds_t;
 190 
 191 static ztest_shared_ds_t *ztest_shared_ds;
 192 #define ZTEST_GET_SHARED_DS(d) (&ztest_shared_ds[d])
 193 
 194 #define BT_MAGIC        0x123456789abcdefULL
 195 #define MAXFAULTS() \
 196         (MAX(zs->zs_mirrors, 1) * (ztest_opts.zo_raidz_parity + 1) - 1)
 197 
 198 enum ztest_io_type {
 199         ZTEST_IO_WRITE_TAG,
 200         ZTEST_IO_WRITE_PATTERN,
 201         ZTEST_IO_WRITE_ZEROES,
 202         ZTEST_IO_TRUNCATE,
 203         ZTEST_IO_SETATTR,
 204         ZTEST_IO_TYPES
 205 };
 206 
 207 typedef struct ztest_block_tag {
 208         uint64_t        bt_magic;
 209         uint64_t        bt_objset;
 210         uint64_t        bt_object;
 211         uint64_t        bt_offset;
 212         uint64_t        bt_gen;
 213         uint64_t        bt_txg;
 214         uint64_t        bt_crtxg;
 215 } ztest_block_tag_t;
 216 
 217 typedef struct bufwad {
 218         uint64_t        bw_index;
 219         uint64_t        bw_txg;
 220         uint64_t        bw_data;
 221 } bufwad_t;
 222 
 223 /*
 224  * XXX -- fix zfs range locks to be generic so we can use them here.
 225  */
 226 typedef enum {
 227         RL_READER,
 228         RL_WRITER,
 229         RL_APPEND
 230 } rl_type_t;
 231 
 232 typedef struct rll {
 233         void            *rll_writer;
 234         int             rll_readers;
 235         mutex_t         rll_lock;
 236         cond_t          rll_cv;
 237 } rll_t;
 238 
 239 typedef struct rl {
 240         uint64_t        rl_object;
 241         uint64_t        rl_offset;
 242         uint64_t        rl_size;
 243         rll_t           *rl_lock;
 244 } rl_t;
 245 
 246 #define ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS       64
 247 #define ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS      64
 248 
 249 /*
 250  * Object descriptor.  Used as a template for object lookup/create/remove.
 251  */
 252 typedef struct ztest_od {
 253         uint64_t        od_dir;
 254         uint64_t        od_object;
 255         dmu_object_type_t od_type;
 256         dmu_object_type_t od_crtype;
 257         uint64_t        od_blocksize;
 258         uint64_t        od_crblocksize;
 259         uint64_t        od_gen;
 260         uint64_t        od_crgen;
 261         char            od_name[MAXNAMELEN];
 262 } ztest_od_t;
 263 
 264 /*
 265  * Per-dataset state.
 266  */
 267 typedef struct ztest_ds {
 268         ztest_shared_ds_t *zd_shared;
 269         objset_t        *zd_os;
 270         rwlock_t        zd_zilog_lock;
 271         zilog_t         *zd_zilog;
 272         ztest_od_t      *zd_od;         /* debugging aid */
 273         char            zd_name[MAXNAMELEN];
 274         mutex_t         zd_dirobj_lock;
 275         rll_t           zd_object_lock[ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS];
 276         rll_t           zd_range_lock[ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS];
 277 } ztest_ds_t;
 278 
 279 /*
 280  * Per-iteration state.
 281  */
 282 typedef void ztest_func_t(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id);
 283 
 284 typedef struct ztest_info {
 285         ztest_func_t    *zi_func;       /* test function */
 286         uint64_t        zi_iters;       /* iterations per execution */
 287         uint64_t        *zi_interval;   /* execute every <interval> seconds */
 288 } ztest_info_t;
 289 
 290 typedef struct ztest_shared_callstate {
 291         uint64_t        zc_count;       /* per-pass count */
 292         uint64_t        zc_time;        /* per-pass time */
 293         uint64_t        zc_next;        /* next time to call this function */
 294 } ztest_shared_callstate_t;
 295 
 296 static ztest_shared_callstate_t *ztest_shared_callstate;
 297 #define ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(c) (&ztest_shared_callstate[c])
 298 
 299 /*
 300  * Note: these aren't static because we want dladdr() to work.
 301  */
 302 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_read_write;
 303 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_write_parallel;
 304 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free;
 305 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_commit_callbacks;
 306 ztest_func_t ztest_zap;
 307 ztest_func_t ztest_zap_parallel;
 308 ztest_func_t ztest_zil_commit;
 309 ztest_func_t ztest_zil_remount;
 310 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_read_write_zcopy;
 311 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_objset_create_destroy;
 312 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_prealloc;
 313 ztest_func_t ztest_fzap;
 314 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_snapshot_create_destroy;
 315 ztest_func_t ztest_dsl_prop_get_set;
 316 ztest_func_t ztest_spa_prop_get_set;
 317 ztest_func_t ztest_spa_create_destroy;
 318 ztest_func_t ztest_fault_inject;
 319 ztest_func_t ztest_ddt_repair;
 320 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_snapshot_hold;
 321 ztest_func_t ztest_spa_rename;
 322 ztest_func_t ztest_scrub;
 323 ztest_func_t ztest_dsl_dataset_promote_busy;
 324 ztest_func_t ztest_vdev_attach_detach;
 325 ztest_func_t ztest_vdev_LUN_growth;
 326 ztest_func_t ztest_vdev_add_remove;
 327 ztest_func_t ztest_vdev_aux_add_remove;
 328 ztest_func_t ztest_split_pool;
 329 ztest_func_t ztest_reguid;
 330 
 331 uint64_t zopt_always = 0ULL * NANOSEC;          /* all the time */
 332 uint64_t zopt_incessant = 1ULL * NANOSEC / 10;  /* every 1/10 second */
 333 uint64_t zopt_often = 1ULL * NANOSEC;           /* every second */
 334 uint64_t zopt_sometimes = 10ULL * NANOSEC;      /* every 10 seconds */
 335 uint64_t zopt_rarely = 60ULL * NANOSEC;         /* every 60 seconds */
 336 
 337 ztest_info_t ztest_info[] = {
 338         { ztest_dmu_read_write,                 1,      &zopt_always        },
 339         { ztest_dmu_write_parallel,             10,     &zopt_always        },
 340         { ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free,          1,      &zopt_always        },
 341         { ztest_dmu_commit_callbacks,           1,      &zopt_always        },
 342         { ztest_zap,                            30,     &zopt_always        },
 343         { ztest_zap_parallel,                   100,    &zopt_always        },
 344         { ztest_split_pool,                     1,      &zopt_always        },
 345         { ztest_zil_commit,                     1,      &zopt_incessant     },
 346         { ztest_zil_remount,                    1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 347         { ztest_dmu_read_write_zcopy,           1,      &zopt_often },
 348         { ztest_dmu_objset_create_destroy,      1,      &zopt_often },
 349         { ztest_dsl_prop_get_set,               1,      &zopt_often },
 350         { ztest_spa_prop_get_set,               1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 351 #if 0
 352         { ztest_dmu_prealloc,                   1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 353 #endif
 354         { ztest_fzap,                           1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 355         { ztest_dmu_snapshot_create_destroy,    1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 356         { ztest_spa_create_destroy,             1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 357         { ztest_fault_inject,                   1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 358         { ztest_ddt_repair,                     1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 359         { ztest_dmu_snapshot_hold,              1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 360         { ztest_reguid,                         1,      &zopt_sometimes },
 361         { ztest_spa_rename,                     1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 362         { ztest_scrub,                          1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 363         { ztest_dsl_dataset_promote_busy,       1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 364         { ztest_vdev_attach_detach,             1,      &zopt_rarely },
 365         { ztest_vdev_LUN_growth,                1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 366         { ztest_vdev_add_remove,                1,
 367             &ztest_opts.zo_vdevtime                         },
 368         { ztest_vdev_aux_add_remove,            1,
 369             &ztest_opts.zo_vdevtime                         },
 370 };
 371 
 372 #define ZTEST_FUNCS     (sizeof (ztest_info) / sizeof (ztest_info_t))
 373 
 374 /*
 375  * The following struct is used to hold a list of uncalled commit callbacks.
 376  * The callbacks are ordered by txg number.
 377  */
 378 typedef struct ztest_cb_list {
 379         mutex_t zcl_callbacks_lock;
 380         list_t  zcl_callbacks;
 381 } ztest_cb_list_t;
 382 
 383 /*
 384  * Stuff we need to share writably between parent and child.
 385  */
 386 typedef struct ztest_shared {
 387         boolean_t       zs_do_init;
 388         hrtime_t        zs_proc_start;
 389         hrtime_t        zs_proc_stop;
 390         hrtime_t        zs_thread_start;
 391         hrtime_t        zs_thread_stop;
 392         hrtime_t        zs_thread_kill;
 393         uint64_t        zs_enospc_count;
 394         uint64_t        zs_vdev_next_leaf;
 395         uint64_t        zs_vdev_aux;
 396         uint64_t        zs_alloc;
 397         uint64_t        zs_space;
 398         uint64_t        zs_splits;
 399         uint64_t        zs_mirrors;
 400         uint64_t        zs_metaslab_sz;
 401         uint64_t        zs_metaslab_df_alloc_threshold;
 402         uint64_t        zs_guid;
 403 } ztest_shared_t;
 404 
 405 #define ID_PARALLEL     -1ULL
 406 
 407 static char ztest_dev_template[] = "%s/%s.%llua";
 408 static char ztest_aux_template[] = "%s/%s.%s.%llu";
 409 ztest_shared_t *ztest_shared;
 410 
 411 static spa_t *ztest_spa = NULL;
 412 static ztest_ds_t *ztest_ds;
 413 
 414 static mutex_t ztest_vdev_lock;
 415 static rwlock_t ztest_name_lock;
 416 
 417 static boolean_t ztest_dump_core = B_TRUE;
 418 static boolean_t ztest_exiting;
 419 
 420 /* Global commit callback list */
 421 static ztest_cb_list_t zcl;
 422 
 423 enum ztest_object {
 424         ZTEST_META_DNODE = 0,
 425         ZTEST_DIROBJ,
 426         ZTEST_OBJECTS
 427 };
 428 
 429 static void usage(boolean_t) __NORETURN;
 430 
 431 /*
 432  * These libumem hooks provide a reasonable set of defaults for the allocator's
 433  * debugging facilities.
 434  */
 435 const char *
 436 _umem_debug_init()
 437 {
 438         return ("default,verbose"); /* $UMEM_DEBUG setting */
 439 }
 440 
 441 const char *
 442 _umem_logging_init(void)
 443 {
 444         return ("fail,contents"); /* $UMEM_LOGGING setting */
 445 }
 446 
 447 #define FATAL_MSG_SZ    1024
 448 
 449 char *fatal_msg;
 450 
 451 static void
 452 fatal(int do_perror, char *message, ...)
 453 {
 454         va_list args;
 455         int save_errno = errno;
 456         char buf[FATAL_MSG_SZ];
 457 
 458         (void) fflush(stdout);
 459 
 460         va_start(args, message);
 461         (void) sprintf(buf, "ztest: ");
 462         /* LINTED */
 463         (void) vsprintf(buf + strlen(buf), message, args);
 464         va_end(args);
 465         if (do_perror) {
 466                 (void) snprintf(buf + strlen(buf), FATAL_MSG_SZ - strlen(buf),
 467                     ": %s", strerror(save_errno));
 468         }
 469         (void) fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", buf);
 470         fatal_msg = buf;                        /* to ease debugging */
 471         if (ztest_dump_core)
 472                 abort();
 473         exit(3);
 474 }
 475 
 476 static int
 477 str2shift(const char *buf)
 478 {
 479         const char *ends = "BKMGTPEZ";
 480         int i;
 481 
 482         if (buf[0] == '\0')
 483                 return (0);
 484         for (i = 0; i < strlen(ends); i++) {
 485                 if (toupper(buf[0]) == ends[i])
 486                         break;
 487         }
 488         if (i == strlen(ends)) {
 489                 (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: invalid bytes suffix: %s\n",
 490                     buf);
 491                 usage(B_FALSE);
 492         }
 493         if (buf[1] == '\0' || (toupper(buf[1]) == 'B' && buf[2] == '\0')) {
 494                 return (10*i);
 495         }
 496         (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: invalid bytes suffix: %s\n", buf);
 497         usage(B_FALSE);
 498         /* NOTREACHED */
 499 }
 500 
 501 static uint64_t
 502 nicenumtoull(const char *buf)
 503 {
 504         char *end;
 505         uint64_t val;
 506 
 507         val = strtoull(buf, &end, 0);
 508         if (end == buf) {
 509                 (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: bad numeric value: %s\n", buf);
 510                 usage(B_FALSE);
 511         } else if (end[0] == '.') {
 512                 double fval = strtod(buf, &end);
 513                 fval *= pow(2, str2shift(end));
 514                 if (fval > UINT64_MAX) {
 515                         (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: value too large: %s\n",
 516                             buf);
 517                         usage(B_FALSE);
 518                 }
 519                 val = (uint64_t)fval;
 520         } else {
 521                 int shift = str2shift(end);
 522                 if (shift >= 64 || (val << shift) >> shift != val) {
 523                         (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: value too large: %s\n",
 524                             buf);
 525                         usage(B_FALSE);
 526                 }
 527                 val <<= shift;
 528         }
 529         return (val);
 530 }
 531 
 532 static void
 533 usage(boolean_t requested)
 534 {
 535         const ztest_shared_opts_t *zo = &ztest_opts_defaults;
 536 
 537         char nice_vdev_size[10];
 538         char nice_gang_bang[10];
 539         FILE *fp = requested ? stdout : stderr;
 540 
 541         nicenum(zo->zo_vdev_size, nice_vdev_size);
 542         nicenum(zo->zo_metaslab_gang_bang, nice_gang_bang);
 543 
 544         (void) fprintf(fp, "Usage: %s\n"
 545             "\t[-v vdevs (default: %llu)]\n"
 546             "\t[-s size_of_each_vdev (default: %s)]\n"
 547             "\t[-a alignment_shift (default: %d)] use 0 for random\n"
 548             "\t[-m mirror_copies (default: %d)]\n"
 549             "\t[-r raidz_disks (default: %d)]\n"
 550             "\t[-R raidz_parity (default: %d)]\n"
 551             "\t[-d datasets (default: %d)]\n"
 552             "\t[-t threads (default: %d)]\n"
 553             "\t[-g gang_block_threshold (default: %s)]\n"
 554             "\t[-i init_count (default: %d)] initialize pool i times\n"
 555             "\t[-k kill_percentage (default: %llu%%)]\n"
 556             "\t[-p pool_name (default: %s)]\n"
 557             "\t[-f dir (default: %s)] file directory for vdev files\n"
 558             "\t[-V] verbose (use multiple times for ever more blather)\n"
 559             "\t[-E] use existing pool instead of creating new one\n"
 560             "\t[-T time (default: %llu sec)] total run time\n"
 561             "\t[-F freezeloops (default: %llu)] max loops in spa_freeze()\n"
 562             "\t[-P passtime (default: %llu sec)] time per pass\n"
 563             "\t[-B alt_ztest (default: <none>)] alternate ztest path\n"
 564             "\t[-h] (print help)\n"
 565             "",
 566             zo->zo_pool,
 567             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_vdevs,                      /* -v */
 568             nice_vdev_size,                             /* -s */
 569             zo->zo_ashift,                           /* -a */
 570             zo->zo_mirrors,                          /* -m */
 571             zo->zo_raidz,                            /* -r */
 572             zo->zo_raidz_parity,                     /* -R */
 573             zo->zo_datasets,                         /* -d */
 574             zo->zo_threads,                          /* -t */
 575             nice_gang_bang,                             /* -g */
 576             zo->zo_init,                             /* -i */
 577             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_killrate,           /* -k */
 578             zo->zo_pool,                             /* -p */
 579             zo->zo_dir,                                      /* -f */
 580             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_time,                       /* -T */
 581             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_maxloops,           /* -F */
 582             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_passtime);
 583         exit(requested ? 0 : 1);
 584 }
 585 
 586 static void
 587 process_options(int argc, char **argv)
 588 {
 589         char *path;
 590         ztest_shared_opts_t *zo = &ztest_opts;
 591 
 592         int opt;
 593         uint64_t value;
 594         char altdir[MAXNAMELEN] = { 0 };
 595 
 596         bcopy(&ztest_opts_defaults, zo, sizeof (*zo));
 597 
 598         while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv,
 599             "v:s:a:m:r:R:d:t:g:i:k:p:f:VET:P:hF:B:")) != EOF) {
 600                 value = 0;
 601                 switch (opt) {
 602                 case 'v':
 603                 case 's':
 604                 case 'a':
 605                 case 'm':
 606                 case 'r':
 607                 case 'R':
 608                 case 'd':
 609                 case 't':
 610                 case 'g':
 611                 case 'i':
 612                 case 'k':
 613                 case 'T':
 614                 case 'P':
 615                 case 'F':
 616                         value = nicenumtoull(optarg);
 617                 }
 618                 switch (opt) {
 619                 case 'v':
 620                         zo->zo_vdevs = value;
 621                         break;
 622                 case 's':
 623                         zo->zo_vdev_size = MAX(SPA_MINDEVSIZE, value);
 624                         break;
 625                 case 'a':
 626                         zo->zo_ashift = value;
 627                         break;
 628                 case 'm':
 629                         zo->zo_mirrors = value;
 630                         break;
 631                 case 'r':
 632                         zo->zo_raidz = MAX(1, value);
 633                         break;
 634                 case 'R':
 635                         zo->zo_raidz_parity = MIN(MAX(value, 1), 3);
 636                         break;
 637                 case 'd':
 638                         zo->zo_datasets = MAX(1, value);
 639                         break;
 640                 case 't':
 641                         zo->zo_threads = MAX(1, value);
 642                         break;
 643                 case 'g':
 644                         zo->zo_metaslab_gang_bang = MAX(SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE << 1,
 645                             value);
 646                         break;
 647                 case 'i':
 648                         zo->zo_init = value;
 649                         break;
 650                 case 'k':
 651                         zo->zo_killrate = value;
 652                         break;
 653                 case 'p':
 654                         (void) strlcpy(zo->zo_pool, optarg,
 655                             sizeof (zo->zo_pool));
 656                         break;
 657                 case 'f':
 658                         path = realpath(optarg, NULL);
 659                         if (path == NULL) {
 660                                 (void) fprintf(stderr, "error: %s: %s\n",
 661                                     optarg, strerror(errno));
 662                                 usage(B_FALSE);
 663                         } else {
 664                                 (void) strlcpy(zo->zo_dir, path,
 665                                     sizeof (zo->zo_dir));
 666                         }
 667                         break;
 668                 case 'V':
 669                         zo->zo_verbose++;
 670                         break;
 671                 case 'E':
 672                         zo->zo_init = 0;
 673                         break;
 674                 case 'T':
 675                         zo->zo_time = value;
 676                         break;
 677                 case 'P':
 678                         zo->zo_passtime = MAX(1, value);
 679                         break;
 680                 case 'F':
 681                         zo->zo_maxloops = MAX(1, value);
 682                         break;
 683                 case 'B':
 684                         (void) strlcpy(altdir, optarg, sizeof (altdir));
 685                         break;
 686                 case 'h':
 687                         usage(B_TRUE);
 688                         break;
 689                 case '?':
 690                 default:
 691                         usage(B_FALSE);
 692                         break;
 693                 }
 694         }
 695 
 696         zo->zo_raidz_parity = MIN(zo->zo_raidz_parity, zo->zo_raidz - 1);
 697 
 698         zo->zo_vdevtime =
 699             (zo->zo_vdevs > 0 ? zo->zo_time * NANOSEC / zo->zo_vdevs :
 700             UINT64_MAX >> 2);
 701 
 702         if (strlen(altdir) > 0) {
 703                 char cmd[MAXNAMELEN];
 704                 char realaltdir[MAXNAMELEN];
 705                 char *bin;
 706                 char *ztest;
 707                 char *isa;
 708                 int isalen;
 709 
 710                 (void) realpath(getexecname(), cmd);
 711                 if (0 != access(altdir, F_OK)) {
 712                         ztest_dump_core = B_FALSE;
 713                         fatal(B_TRUE, "invalid alternate ztest path: %s",
 714                             altdir);
 715                 }
 716                 VERIFY(NULL != realpath(altdir, realaltdir));
 717 
 718                 /*
 719                  * 'cmd' should be of the form "<anything>/usr/bin/<isa>/ztest".
 720                  * We want to extract <isa> to determine if we should use
 721                  * 32 or 64 bit binaries.
 722                  */
 723                 bin = strstr(cmd, "/usr/bin/");
 724                 ztest = strstr(bin, "/ztest");
 725                 isa = bin + 9;
 726                 isalen = ztest - isa;
 727                 (void) snprintf(zo->zo_alt_ztest, sizeof (zo->zo_alt_ztest),
 728                     "%s/usr/bin/%.*s/ztest", realaltdir, isalen, isa);
 729                 (void) snprintf(zo->zo_alt_libpath, sizeof (zo->zo_alt_libpath),
 730                     "%s/usr/lib/%.*s", realaltdir, isalen, isa);
 731 
 732                 if (0 != access(zo->zo_alt_ztest, X_OK)) {
 733                         ztest_dump_core = B_FALSE;
 734                         fatal(B_TRUE, "invalid alternate ztest: %s",
 735                             zo->zo_alt_ztest);
 736                 } else if (0 != access(zo->zo_alt_libpath, X_OK)) {
 737                         ztest_dump_core = B_FALSE;
 738                         fatal(B_TRUE, "invalid alternate lib directory %s",
 739                             zo->zo_alt_libpath);
 740                 }
 741         }
 742 }
 743 
 744 static void
 745 ztest_kill(ztest_shared_t *zs)
 746 {
 747         zs->zs_alloc = metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_normal_class(ztest_spa));
 748         zs->zs_space = metaslab_class_get_space(spa_normal_class(ztest_spa));
 749         (void) kill(getpid(), SIGKILL);
 750 }
 751 
 752 static uint64_t
 753 ztest_random(uint64_t range)
 754 {
 755         uint64_t r;
 756 
 757         if (range == 0)
 758                 return (0);
 759 
 760         if (read(ZTEST_FD_RAND, &r, sizeof (r)) != sizeof (r))
 761                 fatal(1, "short read from /dev/urandom");
 762 
 763         return (r % range);
 764 }
 765 
 766 /* ARGSUSED */
 767 static void
 768 ztest_record_enospc(const char *s)
 769 {
 770         ztest_shared->zs_enospc_count++;
 771 }
 772 
 773 static uint64_t
 774 ztest_get_ashift(void)
 775 {
 776         if (ztest_opts.zo_ashift == 0)
 777                 return (SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT + ztest_random(3));
 778         return (ztest_opts.zo_ashift);
 779 }
 780 
 781 static nvlist_t *
 782 make_vdev_file(char *path, char *aux, size_t size, uint64_t ashift)
 783 {
 784         char pathbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
 785         uint64_t vdev;
 786         nvlist_t *file;
 787 
 788         if (ashift == 0)
 789                 ashift = ztest_get_ashift();
 790 
 791         if (path == NULL) {
 792                 path = pathbuf;
 793 
 794                 if (aux != NULL) {
 795                         vdev = ztest_shared->zs_vdev_aux;
 796                         (void) snprintf(path, sizeof (pathbuf),
 797                             ztest_aux_template, ztest_opts.zo_dir,
 798                             ztest_opts.zo_pool, aux, vdev);
 799                 } else {
 800                         vdev = ztest_shared->zs_vdev_next_leaf++;
 801                         (void) snprintf(path, sizeof (pathbuf),
 802                             ztest_dev_template, ztest_opts.zo_dir,
 803                             ztest_opts.zo_pool, vdev);
 804                 }
 805         }
 806 
 807         if (size != 0) {
 808                 int fd = open(path, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
 809                 if (fd == -1)
 810                         fatal(1, "can't open %s", path);
 811                 if (ftruncate(fd, size) != 0)
 812                         fatal(1, "can't ftruncate %s", path);
 813                 (void) close(fd);
 814         }
 815 
 816         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&file, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
 817         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(file, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE, VDEV_TYPE_FILE) == 0);
 818         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(file, ZPOOL_CONFIG_PATH, path) == 0);
 819         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(file, ZPOOL_CONFIG_ASHIFT, ashift) == 0);
 820 
 821         return (file);
 822 }
 823 
 824 static nvlist_t *
 825 make_vdev_raidz(char *path, char *aux, size_t size, uint64_t ashift, int r)
 826 {
 827         nvlist_t *raidz, **child;
 828         int c;
 829 
 830         if (r < 2)
 831                 return (make_vdev_file(path, aux, size, ashift));
 832         child = umem_alloc(r * sizeof (nvlist_t *), UMEM_NOFAIL);
 833 
 834         for (c = 0; c < r; c++)
 835                 child[c] = make_vdev_file(path, aux, size, ashift);
 836 
 837         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&raidz, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
 838         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(raidz, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE,
 839             VDEV_TYPE_RAIDZ) == 0);
 840         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(raidz, ZPOOL_CONFIG_NPARITY,
 841             ztest_opts.zo_raidz_parity) == 0);
 842         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(raidz, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
 843             child, r) == 0);
 844 
 845         for (c = 0; c < r; c++)
 846                 nvlist_free(child[c]);
 847 
 848         umem_free(child, r * sizeof (nvlist_t *));
 849 
 850         return (raidz);
 851 }
 852 
 853 static nvlist_t *
 854 make_vdev_mirror(char *path, char *aux, size_t size, uint64_t ashift,
 855         int r, int m)
 856 {
 857         nvlist_t *mirror, **child;
 858         int c;
 859 
 860         if (m < 1)
 861                 return (make_vdev_raidz(path, aux, size, ashift, r));
 862 
 863         child = umem_alloc(m * sizeof (nvlist_t *), UMEM_NOFAIL);
 864 
 865         for (c = 0; c < m; c++)
 866                 child[c] = make_vdev_raidz(path, aux, size, ashift, r);
 867 
 868         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&mirror, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
 869         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(mirror, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE,
 870             VDEV_TYPE_MIRROR) == 0);
 871         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(mirror, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
 872             child, m) == 0);
 873 
 874         for (c = 0; c < m; c++)
 875                 nvlist_free(child[c]);
 876 
 877         umem_free(child, m * sizeof (nvlist_t *));
 878 
 879         return (mirror);
 880 }
 881 
 882 static nvlist_t *
 883 make_vdev_root(char *path, char *aux, size_t size, uint64_t ashift,
 884         int log, int r, int m, int t)
 885 {
 886         nvlist_t *root, **child;
 887         int c;
 888 
 889         ASSERT(t > 0);
 890 
 891         child = umem_alloc(t * sizeof (nvlist_t *), UMEM_NOFAIL);
 892 
 893         for (c = 0; c < t; c++) {
 894                 child[c] = make_vdev_mirror(path, aux, size, ashift, r, m);
 895                 VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(child[c], ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_LOG,
 896                     log) == 0);
 897         }
 898 
 899         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&root, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
 900         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(root, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE, VDEV_TYPE_ROOT) == 0);
 901         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(root, aux ? aux : ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
 902             child, t) == 0);
 903 
 904         for (c = 0; c < t; c++)
 905                 nvlist_free(child[c]);
 906 
 907         umem_free(child, t * sizeof (nvlist_t *));
 908 
 909         return (root);
 910 }
 911 
 912 static int
 913 ztest_random_blocksize(void)
 914 {
 915         return (1 << (SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT +
 916             ztest_random(SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT - SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT + 1)));
 917 }
 918 
 919 static int
 920 ztest_random_ibshift(void)
 921 {
 922         return (DN_MIN_INDBLKSHIFT +
 923             ztest_random(DN_MAX_INDBLKSHIFT - DN_MIN_INDBLKSHIFT + 1));
 924 }
 925 
 926 static uint64_t
 927 ztest_random_vdev_top(spa_t *spa, boolean_t log_ok)
 928 {
 929         uint64_t top;
 930         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
 931         vdev_t *tvd;
 932 
 933         ASSERT(spa_config_held(spa, SCL_ALL, RW_READER) != 0);
 934 
 935         do {
 936                 top = ztest_random(rvd->vdev_children);
 937                 tvd = rvd->vdev_child[top];
 938         } while (tvd->vdev_ishole || (tvd->vdev_islog && !log_ok) ||
 939             tvd->vdev_mg == NULL || tvd->vdev_mg->mg_class == NULL);
 940 
 941         return (top);
 942 }
 943 
 944 static uint64_t
 945 ztest_random_dsl_prop(zfs_prop_t prop)
 946 {
 947         uint64_t value;
 948 
 949         do {
 950                 value = zfs_prop_random_value(prop, ztest_random(-1ULL));
 951         } while (prop == ZFS_PROP_CHECKSUM && value == ZIO_CHECKSUM_OFF);
 952 
 953         return (value);
 954 }
 955 
 956 static int
 957 ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(char *osname, zfs_prop_t prop, uint64_t value,
 958     boolean_t inherit)
 959 {
 960         const char *propname = zfs_prop_to_name(prop);
 961         const char *valname;
 962         char setpoint[MAXPATHLEN];
 963         uint64_t curval;
 964         int error;
 965 
 966         error = dsl_prop_set(osname, propname,
 967             (inherit ? ZPROP_SRC_NONE : ZPROP_SRC_LOCAL),
 968             sizeof (value), 1, &value);
 969 
 970         if (error == ENOSPC) {
 971                 ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
 972                 return (error);
 973         }
 974         ASSERT3U(error, ==, 0);
 975 
 976         VERIFY3U(dsl_prop_get(osname, propname, sizeof (curval),
 977             1, &curval, setpoint), ==, 0);
 978 
 979         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6) {
 980                 VERIFY(zfs_prop_index_to_string(prop, curval, &valname) == 0);
 981                 (void) printf("%s %s = %s at '%s'\n",
 982                     osname, propname, valname, setpoint);
 983         }
 984 
 985         return (error);
 986 }
 987 
 988 static int
 989 ztest_spa_prop_set_uint64(zpool_prop_t prop, uint64_t value)
 990 {
 991         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
 992         nvlist_t *props = NULL;
 993         int error;
 994 
 995         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&props, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
 996         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(props, zpool_prop_to_name(prop), value) == 0);
 997 
 998         error = spa_prop_set(spa, props);
 999 
1000         nvlist_free(props);
1001 
1002         if (error == ENOSPC) {
1003                 ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
1004                 return (error);
1005         }
1006         ASSERT3U(error, ==, 0);
1007 
1008         return (error);
1009 }
1010 
1011 static void
1012 ztest_rll_init(rll_t *rll)
1013 {
1014         rll->rll_writer = NULL;
1015         rll->rll_readers = 0;
1016         VERIFY(_mutex_init(&rll->rll_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
1017         VERIFY(cond_init(&rll->rll_cv, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
1018 }
1019 
1020 static void
1021 ztest_rll_destroy(rll_t *rll)
1022 {
1023         ASSERT(rll->rll_writer == NULL);
1024         ASSERT(rll->rll_readers == 0);
1025         VERIFY(_mutex_destroy(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1026         VERIFY(cond_destroy(&rll->rll_cv) == 0);
1027 }
1028 
1029 static void
1030 ztest_rll_lock(rll_t *rll, rl_type_t type)
1031 {
1032         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1033 
1034         if (type == RL_READER) {
1035                 while (rll->rll_writer != NULL)
1036                         (void) cond_wait(&rll->rll_cv, &rll->rll_lock);
1037                 rll->rll_readers++;
1038         } else {
1039                 while (rll->rll_writer != NULL || rll->rll_readers)
1040                         (void) cond_wait(&rll->rll_cv, &rll->rll_lock);
1041                 rll->rll_writer = curthread;
1042         }
1043 
1044         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1045 }
1046 
1047 static void
1048 ztest_rll_unlock(rll_t *rll)
1049 {
1050         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1051 
1052         if (rll->rll_writer) {
1053                 ASSERT(rll->rll_readers == 0);
1054                 rll->rll_writer = NULL;
1055         } else {
1056                 ASSERT(rll->rll_readers != 0);
1057                 ASSERT(rll->rll_writer == NULL);
1058                 rll->rll_readers--;
1059         }
1060 
1061         if (rll->rll_writer == NULL && rll->rll_readers == 0)
1062                 VERIFY(cond_broadcast(&rll->rll_cv) == 0);
1063 
1064         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1065 }
1066 
1067 static void
1068 ztest_object_lock(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, rl_type_t type)
1069 {
1070         rll_t *rll = &zd->zd_object_lock[object & (ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS - 1)];
1071 
1072         ztest_rll_lock(rll, type);
1073 }
1074 
1075 static void
1076 ztest_object_unlock(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object)
1077 {
1078         rll_t *rll = &zd->zd_object_lock[object & (ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS - 1)];
1079 
1080         ztest_rll_unlock(rll);
1081 }
1082 
1083 static rl_t *
1084 ztest_range_lock(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset,
1085     uint64_t size, rl_type_t type)
1086 {
1087         uint64_t hash = object ^ (offset % (ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS + 1));
1088         rll_t *rll = &zd->zd_range_lock[hash & (ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS - 1)];
1089         rl_t *rl;
1090 
1091         rl = umem_alloc(sizeof (*rl), UMEM_NOFAIL);
1092         rl->rl_object = object;
1093         rl->rl_offset = offset;
1094         rl->rl_size = size;
1095         rl->rl_lock = rll;
1096 
1097         ztest_rll_lock(rll, type);
1098 
1099         return (rl);
1100 }
1101 
1102 static void
1103 ztest_range_unlock(rl_t *rl)
1104 {
1105         rll_t *rll = rl->rl_lock;
1106 
1107         ztest_rll_unlock(rll);
1108 
1109         umem_free(rl, sizeof (*rl));
1110 }
1111 
1112 static void
1113 ztest_zd_init(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_shared_ds_t *szd, objset_t *os)
1114 {
1115         zd->zd_os = os;
1116         zd->zd_zilog = dmu_objset_zil(os);
1117         zd->zd_shared = szd;
1118         dmu_objset_name(os, zd->zd_name);
1119 
1120         if (zd->zd_shared != NULL)
1121                 zd->zd_shared->zd_seq = 0;
1122 
1123         VERIFY(rwlock_init(&zd->zd_zilog_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
1124         VERIFY(_mutex_init(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
1125 
1126         for (int l = 0; l < ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS; l++)
1127                 ztest_rll_init(&zd->zd_object_lock[l]);
1128 
1129         for (int l = 0; l < ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS; l++)
1130                 ztest_rll_init(&zd->zd_range_lock[l]);
1131 }
1132 
1133 static void
1134 ztest_zd_fini(ztest_ds_t *zd)
1135 {
1136         VERIFY(_mutex_destroy(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock) == 0);
1137 
1138         for (int l = 0; l < ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS; l++)
1139                 ztest_rll_destroy(&zd->zd_object_lock[l]);
1140 
1141         for (int l = 0; l < ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS; l++)
1142                 ztest_rll_destroy(&zd->zd_range_lock[l]);
1143 }
1144 
1145 #define TXG_MIGHTWAIT   (ztest_random(10) == 0 ? TXG_NOWAIT : TXG_WAIT)
1146 
1147 static uint64_t
1148 ztest_tx_assign(dmu_tx_t *tx, uint64_t txg_how, const char *tag)
1149 {
1150         uint64_t txg;
1151         int error;
1152 
1153         /*
1154          * Attempt to assign tx to some transaction group.
1155          */
1156         error = dmu_tx_assign(tx, txg_how);
1157         if (error) {
1158                 if (error == ERESTART) {
1159                         ASSERT(txg_how == TXG_NOWAIT);
1160                         dmu_tx_wait(tx);
1161                 } else {
1162                         ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOSPC);
1163                         ztest_record_enospc(tag);
1164                 }
1165                 dmu_tx_abort(tx);
1166                 return (0);
1167         }
1168         txg = dmu_tx_get_txg(tx);
1169         ASSERT(txg != 0);
1170         return (txg);
1171 }
1172 
1173 static void
1174 ztest_pattern_set(void *buf, uint64_t size, uint64_t value)
1175 {
1176         uint64_t *ip = buf;
1177         uint64_t *ip_end = (uint64_t *)((uintptr_t)buf + (uintptr_t)size);
1178 
1179         while (ip < ip_end)
1180                 *ip++ = value;
1181 }
1182 
1183 static boolean_t
1184 ztest_pattern_match(void *buf, uint64_t size, uint64_t value)
1185 {
1186         uint64_t *ip = buf;
1187         uint64_t *ip_end = (uint64_t *)((uintptr_t)buf + (uintptr_t)size);
1188         uint64_t diff = 0;
1189 
1190         while (ip < ip_end)
1191                 diff |= (value - *ip++);
1192 
1193         return (diff == 0);
1194 }
1195 
1196 static void
1197 ztest_bt_generate(ztest_block_tag_t *bt, objset_t *os, uint64_t object,
1198     uint64_t offset, uint64_t gen, uint64_t txg, uint64_t crtxg)
1199 {
1200         bt->bt_magic = BT_MAGIC;
1201         bt->bt_objset = dmu_objset_id(os);
1202         bt->bt_object = object;
1203         bt->bt_offset = offset;
1204         bt->bt_gen = gen;
1205         bt->bt_txg = txg;
1206         bt->bt_crtxg = crtxg;
1207 }
1208 
1209 static void
1210 ztest_bt_verify(ztest_block_tag_t *bt, objset_t *os, uint64_t object,
1211     uint64_t offset, uint64_t gen, uint64_t txg, uint64_t crtxg)
1212 {
1213         ASSERT(bt->bt_magic == BT_MAGIC);
1214         ASSERT(bt->bt_objset == dmu_objset_id(os));
1215         ASSERT(bt->bt_object == object);
1216         ASSERT(bt->bt_offset == offset);
1217         ASSERT(bt->bt_gen <= gen);
1218         ASSERT(bt->bt_txg <= txg);
1219         ASSERT(bt->bt_crtxg == crtxg);
1220 }
1221 
1222 static ztest_block_tag_t *
1223 ztest_bt_bonus(dmu_buf_t *db)
1224 {
1225         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1226         ztest_block_tag_t *bt;
1227 
1228         dmu_object_info_from_db(db, &doi);
1229         ASSERT3U(doi.doi_bonus_size, <=, db->db_size);
1230         ASSERT3U(doi.doi_bonus_size, >=, sizeof (*bt));
1231         bt = (void *)((char *)db->db_data + doi.doi_bonus_size - sizeof (*bt));
1232 
1233         return (bt);
1234 }
1235 
1236 /*
1237  * ZIL logging ops
1238  */
1239 
1240 #define lrz_type        lr_mode
1241 #define lrz_blocksize   lr_uid
1242 #define lrz_ibshift     lr_gid
1243 #define lrz_bonustype   lr_rdev
1244 #define lrz_bonuslen    lr_crtime[1]
1245 
1246 static void
1247 ztest_log_create(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_create_t *lr)
1248 {
1249         char *name = (void *)(lr + 1);          /* name follows lr */
1250         size_t namesize = strlen(name) + 1;
1251         itx_t *itx;
1252 
1253         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1254                 return;
1255 
1256         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_CREATE, sizeof (*lr) + namesize);
1257         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1258             sizeof (*lr) + namesize - sizeof (lr_t));
1259 
1260         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1261 }
1262 
1263 static void
1264 ztest_log_remove(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_remove_t *lr, uint64_t object)
1265 {
1266         char *name = (void *)(lr + 1);          /* name follows lr */
1267         size_t namesize = strlen(name) + 1;
1268         itx_t *itx;
1269 
1270         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1271                 return;
1272 
1273         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_REMOVE, sizeof (*lr) + namesize);
1274         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1275             sizeof (*lr) + namesize - sizeof (lr_t));
1276 
1277         itx->itx_oid = object;
1278         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1279 }
1280 
1281 static void
1282 ztest_log_write(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_write_t *lr)
1283 {
1284         itx_t *itx;
1285         itx_wr_state_t write_state = ztest_random(WR_NUM_STATES);
1286 
1287         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1288                 return;
1289 
1290         if (lr->lr_length > ZIL_MAX_LOG_DATA)
1291                 write_state = WR_INDIRECT;
1292 
1293         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_WRITE,
1294             sizeof (*lr) + (write_state == WR_COPIED ? lr->lr_length : 0));
1295 
1296         if (write_state == WR_COPIED &&
1297             dmu_read(zd->zd_os, lr->lr_foid, lr->lr_offset, lr->lr_length,
1298             ((lr_write_t *)&itx->itx_lr) + 1, DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH) != 0) {
1299                 zil_itx_destroy(itx);
1300                 itx = zil_itx_create(TX_WRITE, sizeof (*lr));
1301                 write_state = WR_NEED_COPY;
1302         }
1303         itx->itx_private = zd;
1304         itx->itx_wr_state = write_state;
1305         itx->itx_sync = (ztest_random(8) == 0);
1306         itx->itx_sod += (write_state == WR_NEED_COPY ? lr->lr_length : 0);
1307 
1308         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1309             sizeof (*lr) - sizeof (lr_t));
1310 
1311         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1312 }
1313 
1314 static void
1315 ztest_log_truncate(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_truncate_t *lr)
1316 {
1317         itx_t *itx;
1318 
1319         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1320                 return;
1321 
1322         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_TRUNCATE, sizeof (*lr));
1323         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1324             sizeof (*lr) - sizeof (lr_t));
1325 
1326         itx->itx_sync = B_FALSE;
1327         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1328 }
1329 
1330 static void
1331 ztest_log_setattr(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_setattr_t *lr)
1332 {
1333         itx_t *itx;
1334 
1335         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1336                 return;
1337 
1338         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_SETATTR, sizeof (*lr));
1339         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1340             sizeof (*lr) - sizeof (lr_t));
1341 
1342         itx->itx_sync = B_FALSE;
1343         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1344 }
1345 
1346 /*
1347  * ZIL replay ops
1348  */
1349 static int
1350 ztest_replay_create(ztest_ds_t *zd, lr_create_t *lr, boolean_t byteswap)
1351 {
1352         char *name = (void *)(lr + 1);          /* name follows lr */
1353         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1354         ztest_block_tag_t *bbt;
1355         dmu_buf_t *db;
1356         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1357         uint64_t txg;
1358         int error = 0;
1359 
1360         if (byteswap)
1361                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1362 
1363         ASSERT(lr->lr_doid == ZTEST_DIROBJ);
1364         ASSERT(name[0] != '\0');
1365 
1366         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1367 
1368         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, lr->lr_doid, B_TRUE, name);
1369 
1370         if (lr->lrz_type == DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER) {
1371                 dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, DMU_NEW_OBJECT, B_TRUE, NULL);
1372         } else {
1373                 dmu_tx_hold_bonus(tx, DMU_NEW_OBJECT);
1374         }
1375 
1376         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1377         if (txg == 0)
1378                 return (ENOSPC);
1379 
1380         ASSERT(dmu_objset_zil(os)->zl_replay == !!lr->lr_foid);
1381 
1382         if (lr->lrz_type == DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER) {
1383                 if (lr->lr_foid == 0) {
1384                         lr->lr_foid = zap_create(os,
1385                             lr->lrz_type, lr->lrz_bonustype,
1386                             lr->lrz_bonuslen, tx);
1387                 } else {
1388                         error = zap_create_claim(os, lr->lr_foid,
1389                             lr->lrz_type, lr->lrz_bonustype,
1390                             lr->lrz_bonuslen, tx);
1391                 }
1392         } else {
1393                 if (lr->lr_foid == 0) {
1394                         lr->lr_foid = dmu_object_alloc(os,
1395                             lr->lrz_type, 0, lr->lrz_bonustype,
1396                             lr->lrz_bonuslen, tx);
1397                 } else {
1398                         error = dmu_object_claim(os, lr->lr_foid,
1399                             lr->lrz_type, 0, lr->lrz_bonustype,
1400                             lr->lrz_bonuslen, tx);
1401                 }
1402         }
1403 
1404         if (error) {
1405                 ASSERT3U(error, ==, EEXIST);
1406                 ASSERT(zd->zd_zilog->zl_replay);
1407                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1408                 return (error);
1409         }
1410 
1411         ASSERT(lr->lr_foid != 0);
1412 
1413         if (lr->lrz_type != DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER)
1414                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_object_set_blocksize(os, lr->lr_foid,
1415                     lr->lrz_blocksize, lr->lrz_ibshift, tx));
1416 
1417         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, lr->lr_foid, FTAG, &db));
1418         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1419         dmu_buf_will_dirty(db, tx);
1420         ztest_bt_generate(bbt, os, lr->lr_foid, -1ULL, lr->lr_gen, txg, txg);
1421         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1422 
1423         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_add(os, lr->lr_doid, name, sizeof (uint64_t), 1,
1424             &lr->lr_foid, tx));
1425 
1426         (void) ztest_log_create(zd, tx, lr);
1427 
1428         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1429 
1430         return (0);
1431 }
1432 
1433 static int
1434 ztest_replay_remove(ztest_ds_t *zd, lr_remove_t *lr, boolean_t byteswap)
1435 {
1436         char *name = (void *)(lr + 1);          /* name follows lr */
1437         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1438         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1439         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1440         uint64_t object, txg;
1441 
1442         if (byteswap)
1443                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1444 
1445         ASSERT(lr->lr_doid == ZTEST_DIROBJ);
1446         ASSERT(name[0] != '\0');
1447 
1448         VERIFY3U(0, ==,
1449             zap_lookup(os, lr->lr_doid, name, sizeof (object), 1, &object));
1450         ASSERT(object != 0);
1451 
1452         ztest_object_lock(zd, object, RL_WRITER);
1453 
1454         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_object_info(os, object, &doi));
1455 
1456         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1457 
1458         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, lr->lr_doid, B_FALSE, name);
1459         dmu_tx_hold_free(tx, object, 0, DMU_OBJECT_END);
1460 
1461         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1462         if (txg == 0) {
1463                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1464                 return (ENOSPC);
1465         }
1466 
1467         if (doi.doi_type == DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER) {
1468                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_destroy(os, object, tx));
1469         } else {
1470                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_object_free(os, object, tx));
1471         }
1472 
1473         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_remove(os, lr->lr_doid, name, tx));
1474 
1475         (void) ztest_log_remove(zd, tx, lr, object);
1476 
1477         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1478 
1479         ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1480 
1481         return (0);
1482 }
1483 
1484 static int
1485 ztest_replay_write(ztest_ds_t *zd, lr_write_t *lr, boolean_t byteswap)
1486 {
1487         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1488         void *data = lr + 1;                    /* data follows lr */
1489         uint64_t offset, length;
1490         ztest_block_tag_t *bt = data;
1491         ztest_block_tag_t *bbt;
1492         uint64_t gen, txg, lrtxg, crtxg;
1493         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1494         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1495         dmu_buf_t *db;
1496         arc_buf_t *abuf = NULL;
1497         rl_t *rl;
1498 
1499         if (byteswap)
1500                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1501 
1502         offset = lr->lr_offset;
1503         length = lr->lr_length;
1504 
1505         /* If it's a dmu_sync() block, write the whole block */
1506         if (lr->lr_common.lrc_reclen == sizeof (lr_write_t)) {
1507                 uint64_t blocksize = BP_GET_LSIZE(&lr->lr_blkptr);
1508                 if (length < blocksize) {
1509                         offset -= offset % blocksize;
1510                         length = blocksize;
1511                 }
1512         }
1513 
1514         if (bt->bt_magic == BSWAP_64(BT_MAGIC))
1515                 byteswap_uint64_array(bt, sizeof (*bt));
1516 
1517         if (bt->bt_magic != BT_MAGIC)
1518                 bt = NULL;
1519 
1520         ztest_object_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, RL_READER);
1521         rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, offset, length, RL_WRITER);
1522 
1523         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, lr->lr_foid, FTAG, &db));
1524 
1525         dmu_object_info_from_db(db, &doi);
1526 
1527         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1528         ASSERT3U(bbt->bt_magic, ==, BT_MAGIC);
1529         gen = bbt->bt_gen;
1530         crtxg = bbt->bt_crtxg;
1531         lrtxg = lr->lr_common.lrc_txg;
1532 
1533         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1534 
1535         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, lr->lr_foid, offset, length);
1536 
1537         if (ztest_random(8) == 0 && length == doi.doi_data_block_size &&
1538             P2PHASE(offset, length) == 0)
1539                 abuf = dmu_request_arcbuf(db, length);
1540 
1541         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1542         if (txg == 0) {
1543                 if (abuf != NULL)
1544                         dmu_return_arcbuf(abuf);
1545                 dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1546                 ztest_range_unlock(rl);
1547                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1548                 return (ENOSPC);
1549         }
1550 
1551         if (bt != NULL) {
1552                 /*
1553                  * Usually, verify the old data before writing new data --
1554                  * but not always, because we also want to verify correct
1555                  * behavior when the data was not recently read into cache.
1556                  */
1557                 ASSERT(offset % doi.doi_data_block_size == 0);
1558                 if (ztest_random(4) != 0) {
1559                         int prefetch = ztest_random(2) ?
1560                             DMU_READ_PREFETCH : DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH;
1561                         ztest_block_tag_t rbt;
1562 
1563                         VERIFY(dmu_read(os, lr->lr_foid, offset,
1564                             sizeof (rbt), &rbt, prefetch) == 0);
1565                         if (rbt.bt_magic == BT_MAGIC) {
1566                                 ztest_bt_verify(&rbt, os, lr->lr_foid,
1567                                     offset, gen, txg, crtxg);
1568                         }
1569                 }
1570 
1571                 /*
1572                  * Writes can appear to be newer than the bonus buffer because
1573                  * the ztest_get_data() callback does a dmu_read() of the
1574                  * open-context data, which may be different than the data
1575                  * as it was when the write was generated.
1576                  */
1577                 if (zd->zd_zilog->zl_replay) {
1578                         ztest_bt_verify(bt, os, lr->lr_foid, offset,
1579                             MAX(gen, bt->bt_gen), MAX(txg, lrtxg),
1580                             bt->bt_crtxg);
1581                 }
1582 
1583                 /*
1584                  * Set the bt's gen/txg to the bonus buffer's gen/txg
1585                  * so that all of the usual ASSERTs will work.
1586                  */
1587                 ztest_bt_generate(bt, os, lr->lr_foid, offset, gen, txg, crtxg);
1588         }
1589 
1590         if (abuf == NULL) {
1591                 dmu_write(os, lr->lr_foid, offset, length, data, tx);
1592         } else {
1593                 bcopy(data, abuf->b_data, length);
1594                 dmu_assign_arcbuf(db, offset, abuf, tx);
1595         }
1596 
1597         (void) ztest_log_write(zd, tx, lr);
1598 
1599         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1600 
1601         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1602 
1603         ztest_range_unlock(rl);
1604         ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1605 
1606         return (0);
1607 }
1608 
1609 static int
1610 ztest_replay_truncate(ztest_ds_t *zd, lr_truncate_t *lr, boolean_t byteswap)
1611 {
1612         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1613         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1614         uint64_t txg;
1615         rl_t *rl;
1616 
1617         if (byteswap)
1618                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1619 
1620         ztest_object_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, RL_READER);
1621         rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, lr->lr_offset, lr->lr_length,
1622             RL_WRITER);
1623 
1624         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1625 
1626         dmu_tx_hold_free(tx, lr->lr_foid, lr->lr_offset, lr->lr_length);
1627 
1628         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1629         if (txg == 0) {
1630                 ztest_range_unlock(rl);
1631                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1632                 return (ENOSPC);
1633         }
1634 
1635         VERIFY(dmu_free_range(os, lr->lr_foid, lr->lr_offset,
1636             lr->lr_length, tx) == 0);
1637 
1638         (void) ztest_log_truncate(zd, tx, lr);
1639 
1640         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1641 
1642         ztest_range_unlock(rl);
1643         ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1644 
1645         return (0);
1646 }
1647 
1648 static int
1649 ztest_replay_setattr(ztest_ds_t *zd, lr_setattr_t *lr, boolean_t byteswap)
1650 {
1651         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1652         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1653         dmu_buf_t *db;
1654         ztest_block_tag_t *bbt;
1655         uint64_t txg, lrtxg, crtxg;
1656 
1657         if (byteswap)
1658                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1659 
1660         ztest_object_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, RL_WRITER);
1661 
1662         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, lr->lr_foid, FTAG, &db));
1663 
1664         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1665         dmu_tx_hold_bonus(tx, lr->lr_foid);
1666 
1667         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1668         if (txg == 0) {
1669                 dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1670                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1671                 return (ENOSPC);
1672         }
1673 
1674         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1675         ASSERT3U(bbt->bt_magic, ==, BT_MAGIC);
1676         crtxg = bbt->bt_crtxg;
1677         lrtxg = lr->lr_common.lrc_txg;
1678 
1679         if (zd->zd_zilog->zl_replay) {
1680                 ASSERT(lr->lr_size != 0);
1681                 ASSERT(lr->lr_mode != 0);
1682                 ASSERT(lrtxg != 0);
1683         } else {
1684                 /*
1685                  * Randomly change the size and increment the generation.
1686                  */
1687                 lr->lr_size = (ztest_random(db->db_size / sizeof (*bbt)) + 1) *
1688                     sizeof (*bbt);
1689                 lr->lr_mode = bbt->bt_gen + 1;
1690                 ASSERT(lrtxg == 0);
1691         }
1692 
1693         /*
1694          * Verify that the current bonus buffer is not newer than our txg.
1695          */
1696         ztest_bt_verify(bbt, os, lr->lr_foid, -1ULL, lr->lr_mode,
1697             MAX(txg, lrtxg), crtxg);
1698 
1699         dmu_buf_will_dirty(db, tx);
1700 
1701         ASSERT3U(lr->lr_size, >=, sizeof (*bbt));
1702         ASSERT3U(lr->lr_size, <=, db->db_size);
1703         VERIFY3U(dmu_set_bonus(db, lr->lr_size, tx), ==, 0);
1704         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1705 
1706         ztest_bt_generate(bbt, os, lr->lr_foid, -1ULL, lr->lr_mode, txg, crtxg);
1707 
1708         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1709 
1710         (void) ztest_log_setattr(zd, tx, lr);
1711 
1712         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1713 
1714         ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1715 
1716         return (0);
1717 }
1718 
1719 zil_replay_func_t *ztest_replay_vector[TX_MAX_TYPE] = {
1720         NULL,                   /* 0 no such transaction type */
1721         ztest_replay_create,    /* TX_CREATE */
1722         NULL,                   /* TX_MKDIR */
1723         NULL,                   /* TX_MKXATTR */
1724         NULL,                   /* TX_SYMLINK */
1725         ztest_replay_remove,    /* TX_REMOVE */
1726         NULL,                   /* TX_RMDIR */
1727         NULL,                   /* TX_LINK */
1728         NULL,                   /* TX_RENAME */
1729         ztest_replay_write,     /* TX_WRITE */
1730         ztest_replay_truncate,  /* TX_TRUNCATE */
1731         ztest_replay_setattr,   /* TX_SETATTR */
1732         NULL,                   /* TX_ACL */
1733         NULL,                   /* TX_CREATE_ACL */
1734         NULL,                   /* TX_CREATE_ATTR */
1735         NULL,                   /* TX_CREATE_ACL_ATTR */
1736         NULL,                   /* TX_MKDIR_ACL */
1737         NULL,                   /* TX_MKDIR_ATTR */
1738         NULL,                   /* TX_MKDIR_ACL_ATTR */
1739         NULL,                   /* TX_WRITE2 */
1740 };
1741 
1742 /*
1743  * ZIL get_data callbacks
1744  */
1745 
1746 static void
1747 ztest_get_done(zgd_t *zgd, int error)
1748 {
1749         ztest_ds_t *zd = zgd->zgd_private;
1750         uint64_t object = zgd->zgd_rl->rl_object;
1751 
1752         if (zgd->zgd_db)
1753                 dmu_buf_rele(zgd->zgd_db, zgd);
1754 
1755         ztest_range_unlock(zgd->zgd_rl);
1756         ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1757 
1758         if (error == 0 && zgd->zgd_bp)
1759                 zil_add_block(zgd->zgd_zilog, zgd->zgd_bp);
1760 
1761         umem_free(zgd, sizeof (*zgd));
1762 }
1763 
1764 static int
1765 ztest_get_data(void *arg, lr_write_t *lr, char *buf, zio_t *zio)
1766 {
1767         ztest_ds_t *zd = arg;
1768         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1769         uint64_t object = lr->lr_foid;
1770         uint64_t offset = lr->lr_offset;
1771         uint64_t size = lr->lr_length;
1772         blkptr_t *bp = &lr->lr_blkptr;
1773         uint64_t txg = lr->lr_common.lrc_txg;
1774         uint64_t crtxg;
1775         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1776         dmu_buf_t *db;
1777         zgd_t *zgd;
1778         int error;
1779 
1780         ztest_object_lock(zd, object, RL_READER);
1781         error = dmu_bonus_hold(os, object, FTAG, &db);
1782         if (error) {
1783                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1784                 return (error);
1785         }
1786 
1787         crtxg = ztest_bt_bonus(db)->bt_crtxg;
1788 
1789         if (crtxg == 0 || crtxg > txg) {
1790                 dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1791                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1792                 return (ENOENT);
1793         }
1794 
1795         dmu_object_info_from_db(db, &doi);
1796         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1797         db = NULL;
1798 
1799         zgd = umem_zalloc(sizeof (*zgd), UMEM_NOFAIL);
1800         zgd->zgd_zilog = zd->zd_zilog;
1801         zgd->zgd_private = zd;
1802 
1803         if (buf != NULL) {      /* immediate write */
1804                 zgd->zgd_rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, object, offset, size,
1805                     RL_READER);
1806 
1807                 error = dmu_read(os, object, offset, size, buf,
1808                     DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH);
1809                 ASSERT(error == 0);
1810         } else {
1811                 size = doi.doi_data_block_size;
1812                 if (ISP2(size)) {
1813                         offset = P2ALIGN(offset, size);
1814                 } else {
1815                         ASSERT(offset < size);
1816                         offset = 0;
1817                 }
1818 
1819                 zgd->zgd_rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, object, offset, size,
1820                     RL_READER);
1821 
1822                 error = dmu_buf_hold(os, object, offset, zgd, &db,
1823                     DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH);
1824 
1825                 if (error == 0) {
1826                         zgd->zgd_db = db;
1827                         zgd->zgd_bp = bp;
1828 
1829                         ASSERT(db->db_offset == offset);
1830                         ASSERT(db->db_size == size);
1831 
1832                         error = dmu_sync(zio, lr->lr_common.lrc_txg,
1833                             ztest_get_done, zgd);
1834 
1835                         if (error == 0)
1836                                 return (0);
1837                 }
1838         }
1839 
1840         ztest_get_done(zgd, error);
1841 
1842         return (error);
1843 }
1844 
1845 static void *
1846 ztest_lr_alloc(size_t lrsize, char *name)
1847 {
1848         char *lr;
1849         size_t namesize = name ? strlen(name) + 1 : 0;
1850 
1851         lr = umem_zalloc(lrsize + namesize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
1852 
1853         if (name)
1854                 bcopy(name, lr + lrsize, namesize);
1855 
1856         return (lr);
1857 }
1858 
1859 void
1860 ztest_lr_free(void *lr, size_t lrsize, char *name)
1861 {
1862         size_t namesize = name ? strlen(name) + 1 : 0;
1863 
1864         umem_free(lr, lrsize + namesize);
1865 }
1866 
1867 /*
1868  * Lookup a bunch of objects.  Returns the number of objects not found.
1869  */
1870 static int
1871 ztest_lookup(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_od_t *od, int count)
1872 {
1873         int missing = 0;
1874         int error;
1875 
1876         ASSERT(_mutex_held(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock));
1877 
1878         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++, od++) {
1879                 od->od_object = 0;
1880                 error = zap_lookup(zd->zd_os, od->od_dir, od->od_name,
1881                     sizeof (uint64_t), 1, &od->od_object);
1882                 if (error) {
1883                         ASSERT(error == ENOENT);
1884                         ASSERT(od->od_object == 0);
1885                         missing++;
1886                 } else {
1887                         dmu_buf_t *db;
1888                         ztest_block_tag_t *bbt;
1889                         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1890 
1891                         ASSERT(od->od_object != 0);
1892                         ASSERT(missing == 0);   /* there should be no gaps */
1893 
1894                         ztest_object_lock(zd, od->od_object, RL_READER);
1895                         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(zd->zd_os,
1896                             od->od_object, FTAG, &db));
1897                         dmu_object_info_from_db(db, &doi);
1898                         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1899                         ASSERT3U(bbt->bt_magic, ==, BT_MAGIC);
1900                         od->od_type = doi.doi_type;
1901                         od->od_blocksize = doi.doi_data_block_size;
1902                         od->od_gen = bbt->bt_gen;
1903                         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1904                         ztest_object_unlock(zd, od->od_object);
1905                 }
1906         }
1907 
1908         return (missing);
1909 }
1910 
1911 static int
1912 ztest_create(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_od_t *od, int count)
1913 {
1914         int missing = 0;
1915 
1916         ASSERT(_mutex_held(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock));
1917 
1918         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++, od++) {
1919                 if (missing) {
1920                         od->od_object = 0;
1921                         missing++;
1922                         continue;
1923                 }
1924 
1925                 lr_create_t *lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr), od->od_name);
1926 
1927                 lr->lr_doid = od->od_dir;
1928                 lr->lr_foid = 0;     /* 0 to allocate, > 0 to claim */
1929                 lr->lrz_type = od->od_crtype;
1930                 lr->lrz_blocksize = od->od_crblocksize;
1931                 lr->lrz_ibshift = ztest_random_ibshift();
1932                 lr->lrz_bonustype = DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER;
1933                 lr->lrz_bonuslen = dmu_bonus_max();
1934                 lr->lr_gen = od->od_crgen;
1935                 lr->lr_crtime[0] = time(NULL);
1936 
1937                 if (ztest_replay_create(zd, lr, B_FALSE) != 0) {
1938                         ASSERT(missing == 0);
1939                         od->od_object = 0;
1940                         missing++;
1941                 } else {
1942                         od->od_object = lr->lr_foid;
1943                         od->od_type = od->od_crtype;
1944                         od->od_blocksize = od->od_crblocksize;
1945                         od->od_gen = od->od_crgen;
1946                         ASSERT(od->od_object != 0);
1947                 }
1948 
1949                 ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr), od->od_name);
1950         }
1951 
1952         return (missing);
1953 }
1954 
1955 static int
1956 ztest_remove(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_od_t *od, int count)
1957 {
1958         int missing = 0;
1959         int error;
1960 
1961         ASSERT(_mutex_held(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock));
1962 
1963         od += count - 1;
1964 
1965         for (int i = count - 1; i >= 0; i--, od--) {
1966                 if (missing) {
1967                         missing++;
1968                         continue;
1969                 }
1970 
1971                 if (od->od_object == 0)
1972                         continue;
1973 
1974                 lr_remove_t *lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr), od->od_name);
1975 
1976                 lr->lr_doid = od->od_dir;
1977 
1978                 if ((error = ztest_replay_remove(zd, lr, B_FALSE)) != 0) {
1979                         ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOSPC);
1980                         missing++;
1981                 } else {
1982                         od->od_object = 0;
1983                 }
1984                 ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr), od->od_name);
1985         }
1986 
1987         return (missing);
1988 }
1989 
1990 static int
1991 ztest_write(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset, uint64_t size,
1992     void *data)
1993 {
1994         lr_write_t *lr;
1995         int error;
1996 
1997         lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr) + size, NULL);
1998 
1999         lr->lr_foid = object;
2000         lr->lr_offset = offset;
2001         lr->lr_length = size;
2002         lr->lr_blkoff = 0;
2003         BP_ZERO(&lr->lr_blkptr);
2004 
2005         bcopy(data, lr + 1, size);
2006 
2007         error = ztest_replay_write(zd, lr, B_FALSE);
2008 
2009         ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr) + size, NULL);
2010 
2011         return (error);
2012 }
2013 
2014 static int
2015 ztest_truncate(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset, uint64_t size)
2016 {
2017         lr_truncate_t *lr;
2018         int error;
2019 
2020         lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr), NULL);
2021 
2022         lr->lr_foid = object;
2023         lr->lr_offset = offset;
2024         lr->lr_length = size;
2025 
2026         error = ztest_replay_truncate(zd, lr, B_FALSE);
2027 
2028         ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr), NULL);
2029 
2030         return (error);
2031 }
2032 
2033 static int
2034 ztest_setattr(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object)
2035 {
2036         lr_setattr_t *lr;
2037         int error;
2038 
2039         lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr), NULL);
2040 
2041         lr->lr_foid = object;
2042         lr->lr_size = 0;
2043         lr->lr_mode = 0;
2044 
2045         error = ztest_replay_setattr(zd, lr, B_FALSE);
2046 
2047         ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr), NULL);
2048 
2049         return (error);
2050 }
2051 
2052 static void
2053 ztest_prealloc(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset, uint64_t size)
2054 {
2055         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
2056         dmu_tx_t *tx;
2057         uint64_t txg;
2058         rl_t *rl;
2059 
2060         txg_wait_synced(dmu_objset_pool(os), 0);
2061 
2062         ztest_object_lock(zd, object, RL_READER);
2063         rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, object, offset, size, RL_WRITER);
2064 
2065         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
2066 
2067         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, object, offset, size);
2068 
2069         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
2070 
2071         if (txg != 0) {
2072                 dmu_prealloc(os, object, offset, size, tx);
2073                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
2074                 txg_wait_synced(dmu_objset_pool(os), txg);
2075         } else {
2076                 (void) dmu_free_long_range(os, object, offset, size);
2077         }
2078 
2079         ztest_range_unlock(rl);
2080         ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
2081 }
2082 
2083 static void
2084 ztest_io(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset)
2085 {
2086         ztest_block_tag_t wbt;
2087         dmu_object_info_t doi;
2088         enum ztest_io_type io_type;
2089         uint64_t blocksize;
2090         void *data;
2091 
2092         VERIFY(dmu_object_info(zd->zd_os, object, &doi) == 0);
2093         blocksize = doi.doi_data_block_size;
2094         data = umem_alloc(blocksize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
2095 
2096         /*
2097          * Pick an i/o type at random, biased toward writing block tags.
2098          */
2099         io_type = ztest_random(ZTEST_IO_TYPES);
2100         if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
2101                 io_type = ZTEST_IO_WRITE_TAG;
2102 
2103         (void) rw_rdlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2104 
2105         switch (io_type) {
2106 
2107         case ZTEST_IO_WRITE_TAG:
2108                 ztest_bt_generate(&wbt, zd->zd_os, object, offset, 0, 0, 0);
2109                 (void) ztest_write(zd, object, offset, sizeof (wbt), &wbt);
2110                 break;
2111 
2112         case ZTEST_IO_WRITE_PATTERN:
2113                 (void) memset(data, 'a' + (object + offset) % 5, blocksize);
2114                 if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
2115                         /*
2116                          * Induce fletcher2 collisions to ensure that
2117                          * zio_ddt_collision() detects and resolves them
2118                          * when using fletcher2-verify for deduplication.
2119                          */
2120                         ((uint64_t *)data)[0] ^= 1ULL << 63;
2121                         ((uint64_t *)data)[4] ^= 1ULL << 63;
2122                 }
2123                 (void) ztest_write(zd, object, offset, blocksize, data);
2124                 break;
2125 
2126         case ZTEST_IO_WRITE_ZEROES:
2127                 bzero(data, blocksize);
2128                 (void) ztest_write(zd, object, offset, blocksize, data);
2129                 break;
2130 
2131         case ZTEST_IO_TRUNCATE:
2132                 (void) ztest_truncate(zd, object, offset, blocksize);
2133                 break;
2134 
2135         case ZTEST_IO_SETATTR:
2136                 (void) ztest_setattr(zd, object);
2137                 break;
2138         }
2139 
2140         (void) rw_unlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2141 
2142         umem_free(data, blocksize);
2143 }
2144 
2145 /*
2146  * Initialize an object description template.
2147  */
2148 static void
2149 ztest_od_init(ztest_od_t *od, uint64_t id, char *tag, uint64_t index,
2150     dmu_object_type_t type, uint64_t blocksize, uint64_t gen)
2151 {
2152         od->od_dir = ZTEST_DIROBJ;
2153         od->od_object = 0;
2154 
2155         od->od_crtype = type;
2156         od->od_crblocksize = blocksize ? blocksize : ztest_random_blocksize();
2157         od->od_crgen = gen;
2158 
2159         od->od_type = DMU_OT_NONE;
2160         od->od_blocksize = 0;
2161         od->od_gen = 0;
2162 
2163         (void) snprintf(od->od_name, sizeof (od->od_name), "%s(%lld)[%llu]",
2164             tag, (int64_t)id, index);
2165 }
2166 
2167 /*
2168  * Lookup or create the objects for a test using the od template.
2169  * If the objects do not all exist, or if 'remove' is specified,
2170  * remove any existing objects and create new ones.  Otherwise,
2171  * use the existing objects.
2172  */
2173 static int
2174 ztest_object_init(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_od_t *od, size_t size, boolean_t remove)
2175 {
2176         int count = size / sizeof (*od);
2177         int rv = 0;
2178 
2179         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock) == 0);
2180         if ((ztest_lookup(zd, od, count) != 0 || remove) &&
2181             (ztest_remove(zd, od, count) != 0 ||
2182             ztest_create(zd, od, count) != 0))
2183                 rv = -1;
2184         zd->zd_od = od;
2185         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock) == 0);
2186 
2187         return (rv);
2188 }
2189 
2190 /* ARGSUSED */
2191 void
2192 ztest_zil_commit(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2193 {
2194         zilog_t *zilog = zd->zd_zilog;
2195 
2196         (void) rw_rdlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2197 
2198         zil_commit(zilog, ztest_random(ZTEST_OBJECTS));
2199 
2200         /*
2201          * Remember the committed values in zd, which is in parent/child
2202          * shared memory.  If we die, the next iteration of ztest_run()
2203          * will verify that the log really does contain this record.
2204          */
2205         mutex_enter(&zilog->zl_lock);
2206         ASSERT(zd->zd_shared != NULL);
2207         ASSERT3U(zd->zd_shared->zd_seq, <=, zilog->zl_commit_lr_seq);
2208         zd->zd_shared->zd_seq = zilog->zl_commit_lr_seq;
2209         mutex_exit(&zilog->zl_lock);
2210 
2211         (void) rw_unlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2212 }
2213 
2214 /*
2215  * This function is designed to simulate the operations that occur during a
2216  * mount/unmount operation.  We hold the dataset across these operations in an
2217  * attempt to expose any implicit assumptions about ZIL management.
2218  */
2219 /* ARGSUSED */
2220 void
2221 ztest_zil_remount(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2222 {
2223         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
2224 
2225         (void) rw_wrlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2226 
2227         /* zfsvfs_teardown() */
2228         zil_close(zd->zd_zilog);
2229 
2230         /* zfsvfs_setup() */
2231         VERIFY(zil_open(os, ztest_get_data) == zd->zd_zilog);
2232         zil_replay(os, zd, ztest_replay_vector);
2233 
2234         (void) rw_unlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2235 }
2236 
2237 /*
2238  * Verify that we can't destroy an active pool, create an existing pool,
2239  * or create a pool with a bad vdev spec.
2240  */
2241 /* ARGSUSED */
2242 void
2243 ztest_spa_create_destroy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2244 {
2245         ztest_shared_opts_t *zo = &ztest_opts;
2246         spa_t *spa;
2247         nvlist_t *nvroot;
2248 
2249         /*
2250          * Attempt to create using a bad file.
2251          */
2252         nvroot = make_vdev_root("/dev/bogus", NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1);
2253         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==,
2254             spa_create("ztest_bad_file", nvroot, NULL, NULL, NULL));
2255         nvlist_free(nvroot);
2256 
2257         /*
2258          * Attempt to create using a bad mirror.
2259          */
2260         nvroot = make_vdev_root("/dev/bogus", NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1);
2261         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==,
2262             spa_create("ztest_bad_mirror", nvroot, NULL, NULL, NULL));
2263         nvlist_free(nvroot);
2264 
2265         /*
2266          * Attempt to create an existing pool.  It shouldn't matter
2267          * what's in the nvroot; we should fail with EEXIST.
2268          */
2269         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2270         nvroot = make_vdev_root("/dev/bogus", NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1);
2271         VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==, spa_create(zo->zo_pool, nvroot, NULL, NULL, NULL));
2272         nvlist_free(nvroot);
2273         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(zo->zo_pool, &spa, FTAG));
2274         VERIFY3U(EBUSY, ==, spa_destroy(zo->zo_pool));
2275         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
2276 
2277         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2278 }
2279 
2280 static vdev_t *
2281 vdev_lookup_by_path(vdev_t *vd, const char *path)
2282 {
2283         vdev_t *mvd;
2284 
2285         if (vd->vdev_path != NULL && strcmp(path, vd->vdev_path) == 0)
2286                 return (vd);
2287 
2288         for (int c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++)
2289                 if ((mvd = vdev_lookup_by_path(vd->vdev_child[c], path)) !=
2290                     NULL)
2291                         return (mvd);
2292 
2293         return (NULL);
2294 }
2295 
2296 /*
2297  * Find the first available hole which can be used as a top-level.
2298  */
2299 int
2300 find_vdev_hole(spa_t *spa)
2301 {
2302         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
2303         int c;
2304 
2305         ASSERT(spa_config_held(spa, SCL_VDEV, RW_READER) == SCL_VDEV);
2306 
2307         for (c = 0; c < rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
2308                 vdev_t *cvd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
2309 
2310                 if (cvd->vdev_ishole)
2311                         break;
2312         }
2313         return (c);
2314 }
2315 
2316 /*
2317  * Verify that vdev_add() works as expected.
2318  */
2319 /* ARGSUSED */
2320 void
2321 ztest_vdev_add_remove(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2322 {
2323         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
2324         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
2325         uint64_t leaves;
2326         uint64_t guid;
2327         nvlist_t *nvroot;
2328         int error;
2329 
2330         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2331         leaves =
2332             MAX(zs->zs_mirrors + zs->zs_splits, 1) * ztest_opts.zo_raidz;
2333 
2334         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG, RW_READER);
2335 
2336         ztest_shared->zs_vdev_next_leaf = find_vdev_hole(spa) * leaves;
2337 
2338         /*
2339          * If we have slogs then remove them 1/4 of the time.
2340          */
2341         if (spa_has_slogs(spa) && ztest_random(4) == 0) {
2342                 /*
2343                  * Grab the guid from the head of the log class rotor.
2344                  */
2345                 guid = spa_log_class(spa)->mc_rotor->mg_vd->vdev_guid;
2346 
2347                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2348 
2349                 /*
2350                  * We have to grab the zs_name_lock as writer to
2351                  * prevent a race between removing a slog (dmu_objset_find)
2352                  * and destroying a dataset. Removing the slog will
2353                  * grab a reference on the dataset which may cause
2354                  * dmu_objset_destroy() to fail with EBUSY thus
2355                  * leaving the dataset in an inconsistent state.
2356                  */
2357                 VERIFY(rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock) == 0);
2358                 error = spa_vdev_remove(spa, guid, B_FALSE);
2359                 VERIFY(rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock) == 0);
2360 
2361                 if (error && error != EEXIST)
2362                         fatal(0, "spa_vdev_remove() = %d", error);
2363         } else {
2364                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2365 
2366                 /*
2367                  * Make 1/4 of the devices be log devices.
2368                  */
2369                 nvroot = make_vdev_root(NULL, NULL,
2370                     ztest_opts.zo_vdev_size, 0,
2371                     ztest_random(4) == 0, ztest_opts.zo_raidz,
2372                     zs->zs_mirrors, 1);
2373 
2374                 error = spa_vdev_add(spa, nvroot);
2375                 nvlist_free(nvroot);
2376 
2377                 if (error == ENOSPC)
2378                         ztest_record_enospc("spa_vdev_add");
2379                 else if (error != 0)
2380                         fatal(0, "spa_vdev_add() = %d", error);
2381         }
2382 
2383         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2384 }
2385 
2386 /*
2387  * Verify that adding/removing aux devices (l2arc, hot spare) works as expected.
2388  */
2389 /* ARGSUSED */
2390 void
2391 ztest_vdev_aux_add_remove(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2392 {
2393         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
2394         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
2395         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
2396         spa_aux_vdev_t *sav;
2397         char *aux;
2398         uint64_t guid = 0;
2399         int error;
2400 
2401         if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
2402                 sav = &spa->spa_spares;
2403                 aux = ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPARES;
2404         } else {
2405                 sav = &spa->spa_l2cache;
2406                 aux = ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE;
2407         }
2408 
2409         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2410 
2411         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG, RW_READER);
2412 
2413         if (sav->sav_count != 0 && ztest_random(4) == 0) {
2414                 /*
2415                  * Pick a random device to remove.
2416                  */
2417                 guid = sav->sav_vdevs[ztest_random(sav->sav_count)]->vdev_guid;
2418         } else {
2419                 /*
2420                  * Find an unused device we can add.
2421                  */
2422                 zs->zs_vdev_aux = 0;
2423                 for (;;) {
2424                         char path[MAXPATHLEN];
2425                         int c;
2426                         (void) snprintf(path, sizeof (path), ztest_aux_template,
2427                             ztest_opts.zo_dir, ztest_opts.zo_pool, aux,
2428                             zs->zs_vdev_aux);
2429                         for (c = 0; c < sav->sav_count; c++)
2430                                 if (strcmp(sav->sav_vdevs[c]->vdev_path,
2431                                     path) == 0)
2432                                         break;
2433                         if (c == sav->sav_count &&
2434                             vdev_lookup_by_path(rvd, path) == NULL)
2435                                 break;
2436                         zs->zs_vdev_aux++;
2437                 }
2438         }
2439 
2440         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2441 
2442         if (guid == 0) {
2443                 /*
2444                  * Add a new device.
2445                  */
2446                 nvlist_t *nvroot = make_vdev_root(NULL, aux,
2447                     (ztest_opts.zo_vdev_size * 5) / 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1);
2448                 error = spa_vdev_add(spa, nvroot);
2449                 if (error != 0)
2450                         fatal(0, "spa_vdev_add(%p) = %d", nvroot, error);
2451                 nvlist_free(nvroot);
2452         } else {
2453                 /*
2454                  * Remove an existing device.  Sometimes, dirty its
2455                  * vdev state first to make sure we handle removal
2456                  * of devices that have pending state changes.
2457                  */
2458                 if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
2459                         (void) vdev_online(spa, guid, 0, NULL);
2460 
2461                 error = spa_vdev_remove(spa, guid, B_FALSE);
2462                 if (error != 0 && error != EBUSY)
2463                         fatal(0, "spa_vdev_remove(%llu) = %d", guid, error);
2464         }
2465 
2466         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2467 }
2468 
2469 /*
2470  * split a pool if it has mirror tlvdevs
2471  */
2472 /* ARGSUSED */
2473 void
2474 ztest_split_pool(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2475 {
2476         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
2477         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
2478         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
2479         nvlist_t *tree, **child, *config, *split, **schild;
2480         uint_t c, children, schildren = 0, lastlogid = 0;
2481         int error = 0;
2482 
2483         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2484 
2485         /* ensure we have a useable config; mirrors of raidz aren't supported */
2486         if (zs->zs_mirrors < 3 || ztest_opts.zo_raidz > 1) {
2487                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2488                 return;
2489         }
2490 
2491         /* clean up the old pool, if any */
2492         (void) spa_destroy("splitp");
2493 
2494         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG, RW_READER);
2495 
2496         /* generate a config from the existing config */
2497         mutex_enter(&spa->spa_props_lock);
2498         VERIFY(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(spa->spa_config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE,
2499             &tree) == 0);
2500         mutex_exit(&spa->spa_props_lock);
2501 
2502         VERIFY(nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(tree, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN, &child,
2503             &children) == 0);
2504 
2505         schild = malloc(rvd->vdev_children * sizeof (nvlist_t *));
2506         for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
2507                 vdev_t *tvd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
2508                 nvlist_t **mchild;
2509                 uint_t mchildren;
2510 
2511                 if (tvd->vdev_islog || tvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_hole_ops) {
2512                         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&schild[schildren], NV_UNIQUE_NAME,
2513                             0) == 0);
2514                         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(schild[schildren],
2515                             ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE, VDEV_TYPE_HOLE) == 0);
2516                         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(schild[schildren],
2517                             ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_HOLE, 1) == 0);
2518                         if (lastlogid == 0)
2519                                 lastlogid = schildren;
2520                         ++schildren;
2521                         continue;
2522                 }
2523                 lastlogid = 0;
2524                 VERIFY(nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(child[c],
2525                     ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN, &mchild, &mchildren) == 0);
2526                 VERIFY(nvlist_dup(mchild[0], &schild[schildren++], 0) == 0);
2527         }
2528 
2529         /* OK, create a config that can be used to split */
2530         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&split, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
2531         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(split, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE,
2532             VDEV_TYPE_ROOT) == 0);
2533         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(split, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN, schild,
2534             lastlogid != 0 ? lastlogid : schildren) == 0);
2535 
2536         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&config, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
2537         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE, split) == 0);
2538 
2539         for (c = 0; c < schildren; c++)
2540                 nvlist_free(schild[c]);
2541         free(schild);
2542         nvlist_free(split);
2543 
2544         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2545 
2546         (void) rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2547         error = spa_vdev_split_mirror(spa, "splitp", config, NULL, B_FALSE);
2548         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2549 
2550         nvlist_free(config);
2551 
2552         if (error == 0) {
2553                 (void) printf("successful split - results:\n");
2554                 mutex_enter(&spa_namespace_lock);
2555                 show_pool_stats(spa);
2556                 show_pool_stats(spa_lookup("splitp"));
2557                 mutex_exit(&spa_namespace_lock);
2558                 ++zs->zs_splits;
2559                 --zs->zs_mirrors;
2560         }
2561         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2562 
2563 }
2564 
2565 /*
2566  * Verify that we can attach and detach devices.
2567  */
2568 /* ARGSUSED */
2569 void
2570 ztest_vdev_attach_detach(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2571 {
2572         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
2573         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
2574         spa_aux_vdev_t *sav = &spa->spa_spares;
2575         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
2576         vdev_t *oldvd, *newvd, *pvd;
2577         nvlist_t *root;
2578         uint64_t leaves;
2579         uint64_t leaf, top;
2580         uint64_t ashift = ztest_get_ashift();
2581         uint64_t oldguid, pguid;
2582         size_t oldsize, newsize;
2583         char oldpath[MAXPATHLEN], newpath[MAXPATHLEN];
2584         int replacing;
2585         int oldvd_has_siblings = B_FALSE;
2586         int newvd_is_spare = B_FALSE;
2587         int oldvd_is_log;
2588         int error, expected_error;
2589 
2590         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2591         leaves = MAX(zs->zs_mirrors, 1) * ztest_opts.zo_raidz;
2592 
2593         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG, RW_READER);
2594 
2595         /*
2596          * Decide whether to do an attach or a replace.
2597          */
2598         replacing = ztest_random(2);
2599 
2600         /*
2601          * Pick a random top-level vdev.
2602          */
2603         top = ztest_random_vdev_top(spa, B_TRUE);
2604 
2605         /*
2606          * Pick a random leaf within it.
2607          */
2608         leaf = ztest_random(leaves);
2609 
2610         /*
2611          * Locate this vdev.
2612          */
2613         oldvd = rvd->vdev_child[top];
2614         if (zs->zs_mirrors >= 1) {
2615                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_mirror_ops);
2616                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_children >= zs->zs_mirrors);
2617                 oldvd = oldvd->vdev_child[leaf / ztest_opts.zo_raidz];
2618         }
2619         if (ztest_opts.zo_raidz > 1) {
2620                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_raidz_ops);
2621                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_children == ztest_opts.zo_raidz);
2622                 oldvd = oldvd->vdev_child[leaf % ztest_opts.zo_raidz];
2623         }
2624 
2625         /*
2626          * If we're already doing an attach or replace, oldvd may be a
2627          * mirror vdev -- in which case, pick a random child.
2628          */
2629         while (oldvd->vdev_children != 0) {
2630                 oldvd_has_siblings = B_TRUE;
2631                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_children >= 2);
2632                 oldvd = oldvd->vdev_child[ztest_random(oldvd->vdev_children)];
2633         }
2634 
2635         oldguid = oldvd->vdev_guid;
2636         oldsize = vdev_get_min_asize(oldvd);
2637         oldvd_is_log = oldvd->vdev_top->vdev_islog;
2638         (void) strcpy(oldpath, oldvd->vdev_path);
2639         pvd = oldvd->vdev_parent;
2640         pguid = pvd->vdev_guid;
2641 
2642         /*
2643          * If oldvd has siblings, then half of the time, detach it.
2644          */
2645         if (oldvd_has_siblings && ztest_random(2) == 0) {
2646                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2647                 error = spa_vdev_detach(spa, oldguid, pguid, B_FALSE);
2648                 if (error != 0 && error != ENODEV && error != EBUSY &&
2649                     error != ENOTSUP)
2650                         fatal(0, "detach (%s) returned %d", oldpath, error);
2651                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2652                 return;
2653         }
2654 
2655         /*
2656          * For the new vdev, choose with equal probability between the two
2657          * standard paths (ending in either 'a' or 'b') or a random hot spare.
2658          */
2659         if (sav->sav_count != 0 && ztest_random(3) == 0) {
2660                 newvd = sav->sav_vdevs[ztest_random(sav->sav_count)];
2661                 newvd_is_spare = B_TRUE;
2662                 (void) strcpy(newpath, newvd->vdev_path);
2663         } else {
2664                 (void) snprintf(newpath, sizeof (newpath), ztest_dev_template,
2665                     ztest_opts.zo_dir, ztest_opts.zo_pool,
2666                     top * leaves + leaf);
2667                 if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
2668                         newpath[strlen(newpath) - 1] = 'b';
2669                 newvd = vdev_lookup_by_path(rvd, newpath);
2670         }
2671 
2672         if (newvd) {
2673                 newsize = vdev_get_min_asize(newvd);
2674         } else {
2675                 /*
2676                  * Make newsize a little bigger or smaller than oldsize.
2677                  * If it's smaller, the attach should fail.
2678                  * If it's larger, and we're doing a replace,
2679                  * we should get dynamic LUN growth when we're done.
2680                  */
2681                 newsize = 10 * oldsize / (9 + ztest_random(3));
2682         }
2683 
2684         /*
2685          * If pvd is not a mirror or root, the attach should fail with ENOTSUP,
2686          * unless it's a replace; in that case any non-replacing parent is OK.
2687          *
2688          * If newvd is already part of the pool, it should fail with EBUSY.
2689          *
2690          * If newvd is too small, it should fail with EOVERFLOW.
2691          */
2692         if (pvd->vdev_ops != &vdev_mirror_ops &&
2693             pvd->vdev_ops != &vdev_root_ops && (!replacing ||
2694             pvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_replacing_ops ||
2695             pvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_spare_ops))
2696                 expected_error = ENOTSUP;
2697         else if (newvd_is_spare && (!replacing || oldvd_is_log))
2698                 expected_error = ENOTSUP;
2699         else if (newvd == oldvd)
2700                 expected_error = replacing ? 0 : EBUSY;
2701         else if (vdev_lookup_by_path(rvd, newpath) != NULL)
2702                 expected_error = EBUSY;
2703         else if (newsize < oldsize)
2704                 expected_error = EOVERFLOW;
2705         else if (ashift > oldvd->vdev_top->vdev_ashift)
2706                 expected_error = EDOM;
2707         else
2708                 expected_error = 0;
2709 
2710         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2711 
2712         /*
2713          * Build the nvlist describing newpath.
2714          */
2715         root = make_vdev_root(newpath, NULL, newvd == NULL ? newsize : 0,
2716             ashift, 0, 0, 0, 1);
2717 
2718         error = spa_vdev_attach(spa, oldguid, root, replacing);
2719 
2720         nvlist_free(root);
2721 
2722         /*
2723          * If our parent was the replacing vdev, but the replace completed,
2724          * then instead of failing with ENOTSUP we may either succeed,
2725          * fail with ENODEV, or fail with EOVERFLOW.
2726          */
2727         if (expected_error == ENOTSUP &&
2728             (error == 0 || error == ENODEV || error == EOVERFLOW))
2729                 expected_error = error;
2730 
2731         /*
2732          * If someone grew the LUN, the replacement may be too small.
2733          */
2734         if (error == EOVERFLOW || error == EBUSY)
2735                 expected_error = error;
2736 
2737         /* XXX workaround 6690467 */
2738         if (error != expected_error && expected_error != EBUSY) {
2739                 fatal(0, "attach (%s %llu, %s %llu, %d) "
2740                     "returned %d, expected %d",
2741                     oldpath, (longlong_t)oldsize, newpath,
2742                     (longlong_t)newsize, replacing, error, expected_error);
2743         }
2744 
2745         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2746 }
2747 
2748 /*
2749  * Callback function which expands the physical size of the vdev.
2750  */
2751 vdev_t *
2752 grow_vdev(vdev_t *vd, void *arg)
2753 {
2754         spa_t *spa = vd->vdev_spa;
2755         size_t *newsize = arg;
2756         size_t fsize;
2757         int fd;
2758 
2759         ASSERT(spa_config_held(spa, SCL_STATE, RW_READER) == SCL_STATE);
2760         ASSERT(vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf);
2761 
2762         if ((fd = open(vd->vdev_path, O_RDWR)) == -1)
2763                 return (vd);
2764 
2765         fsize = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
2766         (void) ftruncate(fd, *newsize);
2767 
2768         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6) {
2769                 (void) printf("%s grew from %lu to %lu bytes\n",
2770                     vd->vdev_path, (ulong_t)fsize, (ulong_t)*newsize);
2771         }
2772         (void) close(fd);
2773         return (NULL);
2774 }
2775 
2776 /*
2777  * Callback function which expands a given vdev by calling vdev_online().
2778  */
2779 /* ARGSUSED */
2780 vdev_t *
2781 online_vdev(vdev_t *vd, void *arg)
2782 {
2783         spa_t *spa = vd->vdev_spa;
2784         vdev_t *tvd = vd->vdev_top;
2785         uint64_t guid = vd->vdev_guid;
2786         uint64_t generation = spa->spa_config_generation + 1;
2787         vdev_state_t newstate = VDEV_STATE_UNKNOWN;
2788         int error;
2789 
2790         ASSERT(spa_config_held(spa, SCL_STATE, RW_READER) == SCL_STATE);
2791         ASSERT(vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf);
2792 
2793         /* Calling vdev_online will initialize the new metaslabs */
2794         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
2795         error = vdev_online(spa, guid, ZFS_ONLINE_EXPAND, &newstate);
2796         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, spa, RW_READER);
2797 
2798         /*
2799          * If vdev_online returned an error or the underlying vdev_open
2800          * failed then we abort the expand. The only way to know that
2801          * vdev_open fails is by checking the returned newstate.
2802          */
2803         if (error || newstate != VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY) {
2804                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
2805                         (void) printf("Unable to expand vdev, state %llu, "
2806                             "error %d\n", (u_longlong_t)newstate, error);
2807                 }
2808                 return (vd);
2809         }
2810         ASSERT3U(newstate, ==, VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY);
2811 
2812         /*
2813          * Since we dropped the lock we need to ensure that we're
2814          * still talking to the original vdev. It's possible this
2815          * vdev may have been detached/replaced while we were
2816          * trying to online it.
2817          */
2818         if (generation != spa->spa_config_generation) {
2819                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
2820                         (void) printf("vdev configuration has changed, "
2821                             "guid %llu, state %llu, expected gen %llu, "
2822                             "got gen %llu\n",
2823                             (u_longlong_t)guid,
2824                             (u_longlong_t)tvd->vdev_state,
2825                             (u_longlong_t)generation,
2826                             (u_longlong_t)spa->spa_config_generation);
2827                 }
2828                 return (vd);
2829         }
2830         return (NULL);
2831 }
2832 
2833 /*
2834  * Traverse the vdev tree calling the supplied function.
2835  * We continue to walk the tree until we either have walked all
2836  * children or we receive a non-NULL return from the callback.
2837  * If a NULL callback is passed, then we just return back the first
2838  * leaf vdev we encounter.
2839  */
2840 vdev_t *
2841 vdev_walk_tree(vdev_t *vd, vdev_t *(*func)(vdev_t *, void *), void *arg)
2842 {
2843         if (vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf) {
2844                 if (func == NULL)
2845                         return (vd);
2846                 else
2847                         return (func(vd, arg));
2848         }
2849 
2850         for (uint_t c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++) {
2851                 vdev_t *cvd = vd->vdev_child[c];
2852                 if ((cvd = vdev_walk_tree(cvd, func, arg)) != NULL)
2853                         return (cvd);
2854         }
2855         return (NULL);
2856 }
2857 
2858 /*
2859  * Verify that dynamic LUN growth works as expected.
2860  */
2861 /* ARGSUSED */
2862 void
2863 ztest_vdev_LUN_growth(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2864 {
2865         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
2866         vdev_t *vd, *tvd;
2867         metaslab_class_t *mc;
2868         metaslab_group_t *mg;
2869         size_t psize, newsize;
2870         uint64_t top;
2871         uint64_t old_class_space, new_class_space, old_ms_count, new_ms_count;
2872 
2873         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2874         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, spa, RW_READER);
2875 
2876         top = ztest_random_vdev_top(spa, B_TRUE);
2877 
2878         tvd = spa->spa_root_vdev->vdev_child[top];
2879         mg = tvd->vdev_mg;
2880         mc = mg->mg_class;
2881         old_ms_count = tvd->vdev_ms_count;
2882         old_class_space = metaslab_class_get_space(mc);
2883 
2884         /*
2885          * Determine the size of the first leaf vdev associated with
2886          * our top-level device.
2887          */
2888         vd = vdev_walk_tree(tvd, NULL, NULL);
2889         ASSERT3P(vd, !=, NULL);
2890         ASSERT(vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf);
2891 
2892         psize = vd->vdev_psize;
2893 
2894         /*
2895          * We only try to expand the vdev if it's healthy, less than 4x its
2896          * original size, and it has a valid psize.
2897          */
2898         if (tvd->vdev_state != VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY ||
2899             psize == 0 || psize >= 4 * ztest_opts.zo_vdev_size) {
2900                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
2901                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2902                 return;
2903         }
2904         ASSERT(psize > 0);
2905         newsize = psize + psize / 8;
2906         ASSERT3U(newsize, >, psize);
2907 
2908         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6) {
2909                 (void) printf("Expanding LUN %s from %lu to %lu\n",
2910                     vd->vdev_path, (ulong_t)psize, (ulong_t)newsize);
2911         }
2912 
2913         /*
2914          * Growing the vdev is a two step process:
2915          *      1). expand the physical size (i.e. relabel)
2916          *      2). online the vdev to create the new metaslabs
2917          */
2918         if (vdev_walk_tree(tvd, grow_vdev, &newsize) != NULL ||
2919             vdev_walk_tree(tvd, online_vdev, NULL) != NULL ||
2920             tvd->vdev_state != VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY) {
2921                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
2922                         (void) printf("Could not expand LUN because "
2923                             "the vdev configuration changed.\n");
2924                 }
2925                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
2926                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2927                 return;
2928         }
2929 
2930         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
2931 
2932         /*
2933          * Expanding the LUN will update the config asynchronously,
2934          * thus we must wait for the async thread to complete any
2935          * pending tasks before proceeding.
2936          */
2937         for (;;) {
2938                 boolean_t done;
2939                 mutex_enter(&spa->spa_async_lock);
2940                 done = (spa->spa_async_thread == NULL && !spa->spa_async_tasks);
2941                 mutex_exit(&spa->spa_async_lock);
2942                 if (done)
2943                         break;
2944                 txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
2945                 (void) poll(NULL, 0, 100);
2946         }
2947 
2948         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, spa, RW_READER);
2949 
2950         tvd = spa->spa_root_vdev->vdev_child[top];
2951         new_ms_count = tvd->vdev_ms_count;
2952         new_class_space = metaslab_class_get_space(mc);
2953 
2954         if (tvd->vdev_mg != mg || mg->mg_class != mc) {
2955                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
2956                         (void) printf("Could not verify LUN expansion due to "
2957                             "intervening vdev offline or remove.\n");
2958                 }
2959                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
2960                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2961                 return;
2962         }
2963 
2964         /*
2965          * Make sure we were able to grow the vdev.
2966          */
2967         if (new_ms_count <= old_ms_count)
2968                 fatal(0, "LUN expansion failed: ms_count %llu <= %llu\n",
2969                     old_ms_count, new_ms_count);
2970 
2971         /*
2972          * Make sure we were able to grow the pool.
2973          */
2974         if (new_class_space <= old_class_space)
2975                 fatal(0, "LUN expansion failed: class_space %llu <= %llu\n",
2976                     old_class_space, new_class_space);
2977 
2978         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
2979                 char oldnumbuf[6], newnumbuf[6];
2980 
2981                 nicenum(old_class_space, oldnumbuf);
2982                 nicenum(new_class_space, newnumbuf);
2983                 (void) printf("%s grew from %s to %s\n",
2984                     spa->spa_name, oldnumbuf, newnumbuf);
2985         }
2986 
2987         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
2988         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2989 }
2990 
2991 /*
2992  * Verify that dmu_objset_{create,destroy,open,close} work as expected.
2993  */
2994 /* ARGSUSED */
2995 static void
2996 ztest_objset_create_cb(objset_t *os, void *arg, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
2997 {
2998         /*
2999          * Create the objects common to all ztest datasets.
3000          */
3001         VERIFY(zap_create_claim(os, ZTEST_DIROBJ,
3002             DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER, DMU_OT_NONE, 0, tx) == 0);
3003 }
3004 
3005 static int
3006 ztest_dataset_create(char *dsname)
3007 {
3008         uint64_t zilset = ztest_random(100);
3009         int err = dmu_objset_create(dsname, DMU_OST_OTHER, 0,
3010             ztest_objset_create_cb, NULL);
3011 
3012         if (err || zilset < 80)
3013                 return (err);
3014 
3015         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
3016                 (void) printf("Setting dataset %s to sync always\n", dsname);
3017         return (ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(dsname, ZFS_PROP_SYNC,
3018             ZFS_SYNC_ALWAYS, B_FALSE));
3019 }
3020 
3021 /* ARGSUSED */
3022 static int
3023 ztest_objset_destroy_cb(const char *name, void *arg)
3024 {
3025         objset_t *os;
3026         dmu_object_info_t doi;
3027         int error;
3028 
3029         /*
3030          * Verify that the dataset contains a directory object.
3031          */
3032         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_objset_hold(name, FTAG, &os));
3033         error = dmu_object_info(os, ZTEST_DIROBJ, &doi);
3034         if (error != ENOENT) {
3035                 /* We could have crashed in the middle of destroying it */
3036                 ASSERT3U(error, ==, 0);
3037                 ASSERT3U(doi.doi_type, ==, DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER);
3038                 ASSERT3S(doi.doi_physical_blocks_512, >=, 0);
3039         }
3040         dmu_objset_rele(os, FTAG);
3041 
3042         /*
3043          * Destroy the dataset.
3044          */
3045         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_objset_destroy(name, B_FALSE));
3046         return (0);
3047 }
3048 
3049 static boolean_t
3050 ztest_snapshot_create(char *osname, uint64_t id)
3051 {
3052         char snapname[MAXNAMELEN];
3053         int error;
3054 
3055         (void) snprintf(snapname, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@%llu", osname,
3056             (u_longlong_t)id);
3057 
3058         error = dmu_objset_snapshot(osname, strchr(snapname, '@') + 1,
3059             NULL, NULL, B_FALSE, B_FALSE, -1);
3060         if (error == ENOSPC) {
3061                 ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3062                 return (B_FALSE);
3063         }
3064         if (error != 0 && error != EEXIST)
3065                 fatal(0, "ztest_snapshot_create(%s) = %d", snapname, error);
3066         return (B_TRUE);
3067 }
3068 
3069 static boolean_t
3070 ztest_snapshot_destroy(char *osname, uint64_t id)
3071 {
3072         char snapname[MAXNAMELEN];
3073         int error;
3074 
3075         (void) snprintf(snapname, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@%llu", osname,
3076             (u_longlong_t)id);
3077 
3078         error = dmu_objset_destroy(snapname, B_FALSE);
3079         if (error != 0 && error != ENOENT)
3080                 fatal(0, "ztest_snapshot_destroy(%s) = %d", snapname, error);
3081         return (B_TRUE);
3082 }
3083 
3084 /* ARGSUSED */
3085 void
3086 ztest_dmu_objset_create_destroy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3087 {
3088         ztest_ds_t zdtmp;
3089         int iters;
3090         int error;
3091         objset_t *os, *os2;
3092         char name[MAXNAMELEN];
3093         zilog_t *zilog;
3094 
3095         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3096 
3097         (void) snprintf(name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s/temp_%llu",
3098             ztest_opts.zo_pool, (u_longlong_t)id);
3099 
3100         /*
3101          * If this dataset exists from a previous run, process its replay log
3102          * half of the time.  If we don't replay it, then dmu_objset_destroy()
3103          * (invoked from ztest_objset_destroy_cb()) should just throw it away.
3104          */
3105         if (ztest_random(2) == 0 &&
3106             dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_FALSE, FTAG, &os) == 0) {
3107                 ztest_zd_init(&zdtmp, NULL, os);
3108                 zil_replay(os, &zdtmp, ztest_replay_vector);
3109                 ztest_zd_fini(&zdtmp);
3110                 dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG);
3111         }
3112 
3113         /*
3114          * There may be an old instance of the dataset we're about to
3115          * create lying around from a previous run.  If so, destroy it
3116          * and all of its snapshots.
3117          */
3118         (void) dmu_objset_find(name, ztest_objset_destroy_cb, NULL,
3119             DS_FIND_CHILDREN | DS_FIND_SNAPSHOTS);
3120 
3121         /*
3122          * Verify that the destroyed dataset is no longer in the namespace.
3123          */
3124         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==, dmu_objset_hold(name, FTAG, &os));
3125 
3126         /*
3127          * Verify that we can create a new dataset.
3128          */
3129         error = ztest_dataset_create(name);
3130         if (error) {
3131                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3132                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3133                         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3134                         return;
3135                 }
3136                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_create(%s) = %d", name, error);
3137         }
3138 
3139         VERIFY3U(0, ==,
3140             dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_FALSE, FTAG, &os));
3141 
3142         ztest_zd_init(&zdtmp, NULL, os);
3143 
3144         /*
3145          * Open the intent log for it.
3146          */
3147         zilog = zil_open(os, ztest_get_data);
3148 
3149         /*
3150          * Put some objects in there, do a little I/O to them,
3151          * and randomly take a couple of snapshots along the way.
3152          */
3153         iters = ztest_random(5);
3154         for (int i = 0; i < iters; i++) {
3155                 ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free(&zdtmp, id);
3156                 if (ztest_random(iters) == 0)
3157                         (void) ztest_snapshot_create(name, i);
3158         }
3159 
3160         /*
3161          * Verify that we cannot create an existing dataset.
3162          */
3163         VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==,
3164             dmu_objset_create(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, 0, NULL, NULL));
3165 
3166         /*
3167          * Verify that we can hold an objset that is also owned.
3168          */
3169         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_objset_hold(name, FTAG, &os2));
3170         dmu_objset_rele(os2, FTAG);
3171 
3172         /*
3173          * Verify that we cannot own an objset that is already owned.
3174          */
3175         VERIFY3U(EBUSY, ==,
3176             dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_FALSE, FTAG, &os2));
3177 
3178         zil_close(zilog);
3179         dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG);
3180         ztest_zd_fini(&zdtmp);
3181 
3182         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3183 }
3184 
3185 /*
3186  * Verify that dmu_snapshot_{create,destroy,open,close} work as expected.
3187  */
3188 void
3189 ztest_dmu_snapshot_create_destroy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3190 {
3191         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3192         (void) ztest_snapshot_destroy(zd->zd_name, id);
3193         (void) ztest_snapshot_create(zd->zd_name, id);
3194         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3195 }
3196 
3197 /*
3198  * Cleanup non-standard snapshots and clones.
3199  */
3200 void
3201 ztest_dsl_dataset_cleanup(char *osname, uint64_t id)
3202 {
3203         char snap1name[MAXNAMELEN];
3204         char clone1name[MAXNAMELEN];
3205         char snap2name[MAXNAMELEN];
3206         char clone2name[MAXNAMELEN];
3207         char snap3name[MAXNAMELEN];
3208         int error;
3209 
3210         (void) snprintf(snap1name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@s1_%llu", osname, id);
3211         (void) snprintf(clone1name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s/c1_%llu", osname, id);
3212         (void) snprintf(snap2name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@s2_%llu", clone1name, id);
3213         (void) snprintf(clone2name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s/c2_%llu", osname, id);
3214         (void) snprintf(snap3name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@s3_%llu", clone1name, id);
3215 
3216         error = dmu_objset_destroy(clone2name, B_FALSE);
3217         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3218                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_destroy(%s) = %d", clone2name, error);
3219         error = dmu_objset_destroy(snap3name, B_FALSE);
3220         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3221                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_destroy(%s) = %d", snap3name, error);
3222         error = dmu_objset_destroy(snap2name, B_FALSE);
3223         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3224                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_destroy(%s) = %d", snap2name, error);
3225         error = dmu_objset_destroy(clone1name, B_FALSE);
3226         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3227                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_destroy(%s) = %d", clone1name, error);
3228         error = dmu_objset_destroy(snap1name, B_FALSE);
3229         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3230                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_destroy(%s) = %d", snap1name, error);
3231 }
3232 
3233 /*
3234  * Verify dsl_dataset_promote handles EBUSY
3235  */
3236 void
3237 ztest_dsl_dataset_promote_busy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3238 {
3239         objset_t *clone;
3240         dsl_dataset_t *ds;
3241         char snap1name[MAXNAMELEN];
3242         char clone1name[MAXNAMELEN];
3243         char snap2name[MAXNAMELEN];
3244         char clone2name[MAXNAMELEN];
3245         char snap3name[MAXNAMELEN];
3246         char *osname = zd->zd_name;
3247         int error;
3248 
3249         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3250 
3251         ztest_dsl_dataset_cleanup(osname, id);
3252 
3253         (void) snprintf(snap1name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@s1_%llu", osname, id);
3254         (void) snprintf(clone1name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s/c1_%llu", osname, id);
3255         (void) snprintf(snap2name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@s2_%llu", clone1name, id);
3256         (void) snprintf(clone2name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s/c2_%llu", osname, id);
3257         (void) snprintf(snap3name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@s3_%llu", clone1name, id);
3258 
3259         error = dmu_objset_snapshot(osname, strchr(snap1name, '@')+1,
3260             NULL, NULL, B_FALSE, B_FALSE, -1);
3261         if (error && error != EEXIST) {
3262                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3263                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3264                         goto out;
3265                 }
3266                 fatal(0, "dmu_take_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap1name, error);
3267         }
3268 
3269         error = dmu_objset_hold(snap1name, FTAG, &clone);
3270         if (error)
3271                 fatal(0, "dmu_open_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap1name, error);
3272 
3273         error = dmu_objset_clone(clone1name, dmu_objset_ds(clone), 0);
3274         dmu_objset_rele(clone, FTAG);
3275         if (error) {
3276                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3277                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3278                         goto out;
3279                 }
3280                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_create(%s) = %d", clone1name, error);
3281         }
3282 
3283         error = dmu_objset_snapshot(clone1name, strchr(snap2name, '@')+1,
3284             NULL, NULL, B_FALSE, B_FALSE, -1);
3285         if (error && error != EEXIST) {
3286                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3287                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3288                         goto out;
3289                 }
3290                 fatal(0, "dmu_open_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap2name, error);
3291         }
3292 
3293         error = dmu_objset_snapshot(clone1name, strchr(snap3name, '@')+1,
3294             NULL, NULL, B_FALSE, B_FALSE, -1);
3295         if (error && error != EEXIST) {
3296                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3297                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3298                         goto out;
3299                 }
3300                 fatal(0, "dmu_open_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap3name, error);
3301         }
3302 
3303         error = dmu_objset_hold(snap3name, FTAG, &clone);
3304         if (error)
3305                 fatal(0, "dmu_open_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap3name, error);
3306 
3307         error = dmu_objset_clone(clone2name, dmu_objset_ds(clone), 0);
3308         dmu_objset_rele(clone, FTAG);
3309         if (error) {
3310                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3311                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3312                         goto out;
3313                 }
3314                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_create(%s) = %d", clone2name, error);
3315         }
3316 
3317         error = dsl_dataset_own(snap2name, B_FALSE, FTAG, &ds);
3318         if (error)
3319                 fatal(0, "dsl_dataset_own(%s) = %d", snap2name, error);
3320         error = dsl_dataset_promote(clone2name, NULL);
3321         if (error != EBUSY)
3322                 fatal(0, "dsl_dataset_promote(%s), %d, not EBUSY", clone2name,
3323                     error);
3324         dsl_dataset_disown(ds, FTAG);
3325 
3326 out:
3327         ztest_dsl_dataset_cleanup(osname, id);
3328 
3329         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3330 }
3331 
3332 /*
3333  * Verify that dmu_object_{alloc,free} work as expected.
3334  */
3335 void
3336 ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3337 {
3338         ztest_od_t od[4];
3339         int batchsize = sizeof (od) / sizeof (od[0]);
3340 
3341         for (int b = 0; b < batchsize; b++)
3342                 ztest_od_init(&od[b], id, FTAG, b, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, 0);
3343 
3344         /*
3345          * Destroy the previous batch of objects, create a new batch,
3346          * and do some I/O on the new objects.
3347          */
3348         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_TRUE) != 0)
3349                 return;
3350 
3351         while (ztest_random(4 * batchsize) != 0)
3352                 ztest_io(zd, od[ztest_random(batchsize)].od_object,
3353                     ztest_random(ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS) << SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT);
3354 }
3355 
3356 /*
3357  * Verify that dmu_{read,write} work as expected.
3358  */
3359 void
3360 ztest_dmu_read_write(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3361 {
3362         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
3363         ztest_od_t od[2];
3364         dmu_tx_t *tx;
3365         int i, freeit, error;
3366         uint64_t n, s, txg;
3367         bufwad_t *packbuf, *bigbuf, *pack, *bigH, *bigT;
3368         uint64_t packobj, packoff, packsize, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize;
3369         uint64_t chunksize = (1000 + ztest_random(1000)) * sizeof (uint64_t);
3370         uint64_t regions = 997;
3371         uint64_t stride = 123456789ULL;
3372         uint64_t width = 40;
3373         int free_percent = 5;
3374 
3375         /*
3376          * This test uses two objects, packobj and bigobj, that are always
3377          * updated together (i.e. in the same tx) so that their contents are
3378          * in sync and can be compared.  Their contents relate to each other
3379          * in a simple way: packobj is a dense array of 'bufwad' structures,
3380          * while bigobj is a sparse array of the same bufwads.  Specifically,
3381          * for any index n, there are three bufwads that should be identical:
3382          *
3383          *      packobj, at offset n * sizeof (bufwad_t)
3384          *      bigobj, at the head of the nth chunk
3385          *      bigobj, at the tail of the nth chunk
3386          *
3387          * The chunk size is arbitrary. It doesn't have to be a power of two,
3388          * and it doesn't have any relation to the object blocksize.
3389          * The only requirement is that it can hold at least two bufwads.
3390          *
3391          * Normally, we write the bufwad to each of these locations.
3392          * However, free_percent of the time we instead write zeroes to
3393          * packobj and perform a dmu_free_range() on bigobj.  By comparing
3394          * bigobj to packobj, we can verify that the DMU is correctly
3395          * tracking which parts of an object are allocated and free,
3396          * and that the contents of the allocated blocks are correct.
3397          */
3398 
3399         /*
3400          * Read the directory info.  If it's the first time, set things up.
3401          */
3402         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, chunksize);
3403         ztest_od_init(&od[1], id, FTAG, 1, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, chunksize);
3404 
3405         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
3406                 return;
3407 
3408         bigobj = od[0].od_object;
3409         packobj = od[1].od_object;
3410         chunksize = od[0].od_gen;
3411         ASSERT(chunksize == od[1].od_gen);
3412 
3413         /*
3414          * Prefetch a random chunk of the big object.
3415          * Our aim here is to get some async reads in flight
3416          * for blocks that we may free below; the DMU should
3417          * handle this race correctly.
3418          */
3419         n = ztest_random(regions) * stride + ztest_random(width);
3420         s = 1 + ztest_random(2 * width - 1);
3421         dmu_prefetch(os, bigobj, n * chunksize, s * chunksize);
3422 
3423         /*
3424          * Pick a random index and compute the offsets into packobj and bigobj.
3425          */
3426         n = ztest_random(regions) * stride + ztest_random(width);
3427         s = 1 + ztest_random(width - 1);
3428 
3429         packoff = n * sizeof (bufwad_t);
3430         packsize = s * sizeof (bufwad_t);
3431 
3432         bigoff = n * chunksize;
3433         bigsize = s * chunksize;
3434 
3435         packbuf = umem_alloc(packsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3436         bigbuf = umem_alloc(bigsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3437 
3438         /*
3439          * free_percent of the time, free a range of bigobj rather than
3440          * overwriting it.
3441          */
3442         freeit = (ztest_random(100) < free_percent);
3443 
3444         /*
3445          * Read the current contents of our objects.
3446          */
3447         error = dmu_read(os, packobj, packoff, packsize, packbuf,
3448             DMU_READ_PREFETCH);
3449         ASSERT3U(error, ==, 0);
3450         error = dmu_read(os, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize, bigbuf,
3451             DMU_READ_PREFETCH);
3452         ASSERT3U(error, ==, 0);
3453 
3454         /*
3455          * Get a tx for the mods to both packobj and bigobj.
3456          */
3457         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
3458 
3459         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, packobj, packoff, packsize);
3460 
3461         if (freeit)
3462                 dmu_tx_hold_free(tx, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize);
3463         else
3464                 dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize);
3465 
3466         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
3467         if (txg == 0) {
3468                 umem_free(packbuf, packsize);
3469                 umem_free(bigbuf, bigsize);
3470                 return;
3471         }
3472 
3473         dmu_object_set_checksum(os, bigobj,
3474             (enum zio_checksum)ztest_random_dsl_prop(ZFS_PROP_CHECKSUM), tx);
3475 
3476         dmu_object_set_compress(os, bigobj,
3477             (enum zio_compress)ztest_random_dsl_prop(ZFS_PROP_COMPRESSION), tx);
3478 
3479         /*
3480          * For each index from n to n + s, verify that the existing bufwad
3481          * in packobj matches the bufwads at the head and tail of the
3482          * corresponding chunk in bigobj.  Then update all three bufwads
3483          * with the new values we want to write out.
3484          */
3485         for (i = 0; i < s; i++) {
3486                 /* LINTED */
3487                 pack = (bufwad_t *)((char *)packbuf + i * sizeof (bufwad_t));
3488                 /* LINTED */
3489                 bigH = (bufwad_t *)((char *)bigbuf + i * chunksize);
3490                 /* LINTED */
3491                 bigT = (bufwad_t *)((char *)bigH + chunksize) - 1;
3492 
3493                 ASSERT((uintptr_t)bigH - (uintptr_t)bigbuf < bigsize);
3494                 ASSERT((uintptr_t)bigT - (uintptr_t)bigbuf < bigsize);
3495 
3496                 if (pack->bw_txg > txg)
3497                         fatal(0, "future leak: got %llx, open txg is %llx",
3498                             pack->bw_txg, txg);
3499 
3500                 if (pack->bw_data != 0 && pack->bw_index != n + i)
3501                         fatal(0, "wrong index: got %llx, wanted %llx+%llx",
3502                             pack->bw_index, n, i);
3503 
3504                 if (bcmp(pack, bigH, sizeof (bufwad_t)) != 0)
3505                         fatal(0, "pack/bigH mismatch in %p/%p", pack, bigH);
3506 
3507                 if (bcmp(pack, bigT, sizeof (bufwad_t)) != 0)
3508                         fatal(0, "pack/bigT mismatch in %p/%p", pack, bigT);
3509 
3510                 if (freeit) {
3511                         bzero(pack, sizeof (bufwad_t));
3512                 } else {
3513                         pack->bw_index = n + i;
3514                         pack->bw_txg = txg;
3515                         pack->bw_data = 1 + ztest_random(-2ULL);
3516                 }
3517                 *bigH = *pack;
3518                 *bigT = *pack;
3519         }
3520 
3521         /*
3522          * We've verified all the old bufwads, and made new ones.
3523          * Now write them out.
3524          */
3525         dmu_write(os, packobj, packoff, packsize, packbuf, tx);
3526 
3527         if (freeit) {
3528                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 7) {
3529                         (void) printf("freeing offset %llx size %llx"
3530                             " txg %llx\n",
3531                             (u_longlong_t)bigoff,
3532                             (u_longlong_t)bigsize,
3533                             (u_longlong_t)txg);
3534                 }
3535                 VERIFY(0 == dmu_free_range(os, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize, tx));
3536         } else {
3537                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 7) {
3538                         (void) printf("writing offset %llx size %llx"
3539                             " txg %llx\n",
3540                             (u_longlong_t)bigoff,
3541                             (u_longlong_t)bigsize,
3542                             (u_longlong_t)txg);
3543                 }
3544                 dmu_write(os, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize, bigbuf, tx);
3545         }
3546 
3547         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
3548 
3549         /*
3550          * Sanity check the stuff we just wrote.
3551          */
3552         {
3553                 void *packcheck = umem_alloc(packsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3554                 void *bigcheck = umem_alloc(bigsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3555 
3556                 VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, packobj, packoff,
3557                     packsize, packcheck, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
3558                 VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, bigobj, bigoff,
3559                     bigsize, bigcheck, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
3560 
3561                 ASSERT(bcmp(packbuf, packcheck, packsize) == 0);
3562                 ASSERT(bcmp(bigbuf, bigcheck, bigsize) == 0);
3563 
3564                 umem_free(packcheck, packsize);
3565                 umem_free(bigcheck, bigsize);
3566         }
3567 
3568         umem_free(packbuf, packsize);
3569         umem_free(bigbuf, bigsize);
3570 }
3571 
3572 void
3573 compare_and_update_pbbufs(uint64_t s, bufwad_t *packbuf, bufwad_t *bigbuf,
3574     uint64_t bigsize, uint64_t n, uint64_t chunksize, uint64_t txg)
3575 {
3576         uint64_t i;
3577         bufwad_t *pack;
3578         bufwad_t *bigH;
3579         bufwad_t *bigT;
3580 
3581         /*
3582          * For each index from n to n + s, verify that the existing bufwad
3583          * in packobj matches the bufwads at the head and tail of the
3584          * corresponding chunk in bigobj.  Then update all three bufwads
3585          * with the new values we want to write out.
3586          */
3587         for (i = 0; i < s; i++) {
3588                 /* LINTED */
3589                 pack = (bufwad_t *)((char *)packbuf + i * sizeof (bufwad_t));
3590                 /* LINTED */
3591                 bigH = (bufwad_t *)((char *)bigbuf + i * chunksize);
3592                 /* LINTED */
3593                 bigT = (bufwad_t *)((char *)bigH + chunksize) - 1;
3594 
3595                 ASSERT((uintptr_t)bigH - (uintptr_t)bigbuf < bigsize);
3596                 ASSERT((uintptr_t)bigT - (uintptr_t)bigbuf < bigsize);
3597 
3598                 if (pack->bw_txg > txg)
3599                         fatal(0, "future leak: got %llx, open txg is %llx",
3600                             pack->bw_txg, txg);
3601 
3602                 if (pack->bw_data != 0 && pack->bw_index != n + i)
3603                         fatal(0, "wrong index: got %llx, wanted %llx+%llx",
3604                             pack->bw_index, n, i);
3605 
3606                 if (bcmp(pack, bigH, sizeof (bufwad_t)) != 0)
3607                         fatal(0, "pack/bigH mismatch in %p/%p", pack, bigH);
3608 
3609                 if (bcmp(pack, bigT, sizeof (bufwad_t)) != 0)
3610                         fatal(0, "pack/bigT mismatch in %p/%p", pack, bigT);
3611 
3612                 pack->bw_index = n + i;
3613                 pack->bw_txg = txg;
3614                 pack->bw_data = 1 + ztest_random(-2ULL);
3615 
3616                 *bigH = *pack;
3617                 *bigT = *pack;
3618         }
3619 }
3620 
3621 void
3622 ztest_dmu_read_write_zcopy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3623 {
3624         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
3625         ztest_od_t od[2];
3626         dmu_tx_t *tx;
3627         uint64_t i;
3628         int error;
3629         uint64_t n, s, txg;
3630         bufwad_t *packbuf, *bigbuf;
3631         uint64_t packobj, packoff, packsize, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize;
3632         uint64_t blocksize = ztest_random_blocksize();
3633         uint64_t chunksize = blocksize;
3634         uint64_t regions = 997;
3635         uint64_t stride = 123456789ULL;
3636         uint64_t width = 9;
3637         dmu_buf_t *bonus_db;
3638         arc_buf_t **bigbuf_arcbufs;
3639         dmu_object_info_t doi;
3640 
3641         /*
3642          * This test uses two objects, packobj and bigobj, that are always
3643          * updated together (i.e. in the same tx) so that their contents are
3644          * in sync and can be compared.  Their contents relate to each other
3645          * in a simple way: packobj is a dense array of 'bufwad' structures,
3646          * while bigobj is a sparse array of the same bufwads.  Specifically,
3647          * for any index n, there are three bufwads that should be identical:
3648          *
3649          *      packobj, at offset n * sizeof (bufwad_t)
3650          *      bigobj, at the head of the nth chunk
3651          *      bigobj, at the tail of the nth chunk
3652          *
3653          * The chunk size is set equal to bigobj block size so that
3654          * dmu_assign_arcbuf() can be tested for object updates.
3655          */
3656 
3657         /*
3658          * Read the directory info.  If it's the first time, set things up.
3659          */
3660         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, blocksize, 0);
3661         ztest_od_init(&od[1], id, FTAG, 1, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, chunksize);
3662 
3663         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
3664                 return;
3665 
3666         bigobj = od[0].od_object;
3667         packobj = od[1].od_object;
3668         blocksize = od[0].od_blocksize;
3669         chunksize = blocksize;
3670         ASSERT(chunksize == od[1].od_gen);
3671 
3672         VERIFY(dmu_object_info(os, bigobj, &doi) == 0);
3673         VERIFY(ISP2(doi.doi_data_block_size));
3674         VERIFY(chunksize == doi.doi_data_block_size);
3675         VERIFY(chunksize >= 2 * sizeof (bufwad_t));
3676 
3677         /*
3678          * Pick a random index and compute the offsets into packobj and bigobj.
3679          */
3680         n = ztest_random(regions) * stride + ztest_random(width);
3681         s = 1 + ztest_random(width - 1);
3682 
3683         packoff = n * sizeof (bufwad_t);
3684         packsize = s * sizeof (bufwad_t);
3685 
3686         bigoff = n * chunksize;
3687         bigsize = s * chunksize;
3688 
3689         packbuf = umem_zalloc(packsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3690         bigbuf = umem_zalloc(bigsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3691 
3692         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, bigobj, FTAG, &bonus_db));
3693 
3694         bigbuf_arcbufs = umem_zalloc(2 * s * sizeof (arc_buf_t *), UMEM_NOFAIL);
3695 
3696         /*
3697          * Iteration 0 test zcopy for DB_UNCACHED dbufs.
3698          * Iteration 1 test zcopy to already referenced dbufs.
3699          * Iteration 2 test zcopy to dirty dbuf in the same txg.
3700          * Iteration 3 test zcopy to dbuf dirty in previous txg.
3701          * Iteration 4 test zcopy when dbuf is no longer dirty.
3702          * Iteration 5 test zcopy when it can't be done.
3703          * Iteration 6 one more zcopy write.
3704          */
3705         for (i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
3706                 uint64_t j;
3707                 uint64_t off;
3708 
3709                 /*
3710                  * In iteration 5 (i == 5) use arcbufs
3711                  * that don't match bigobj blksz to test
3712                  * dmu_assign_arcbuf() when it can't directly
3713                  * assign an arcbuf to a dbuf.
3714                  */
3715                 for (j = 0; j < s; j++) {
3716                         if (i != 5) {
3717                                 bigbuf_arcbufs[j] =
3718                                     dmu_request_arcbuf(bonus_db, chunksize);
3719                         } else {
3720                                 bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j] =
3721                                     dmu_request_arcbuf(bonus_db, chunksize / 2);
3722                                 bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j + 1] =
3723                                     dmu_request_arcbuf(bonus_db, chunksize / 2);
3724                         }
3725                 }
3726 
3727                 /*
3728                  * Get a tx for the mods to both packobj and bigobj.
3729                  */
3730                 tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
3731 
3732                 dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, packobj, packoff, packsize);
3733                 dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize);
3734 
3735                 txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
3736                 if (txg == 0) {
3737                         umem_free(packbuf, packsize);
3738                         umem_free(bigbuf, bigsize);
3739                         for (j = 0; j < s; j++) {
3740                                 if (i != 5) {
3741                                         dmu_return_arcbuf(bigbuf_arcbufs[j]);
3742                                 } else {
3743                                         dmu_return_arcbuf(
3744                                             bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j]);
3745                                         dmu_return_arcbuf(
3746                                             bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j + 1]);
3747                                 }
3748                         }
3749                         umem_free(bigbuf_arcbufs, 2 * s * sizeof (arc_buf_t *));
3750                         dmu_buf_rele(bonus_db, FTAG);
3751                         return;
3752                 }
3753 
3754                 /*
3755                  * 50% of the time don't read objects in the 1st iteration to
3756                  * test dmu_assign_arcbuf() for the case when there're no
3757                  * existing dbufs for the specified offsets.
3758                  */
3759                 if (i != 0 || ztest_random(2) != 0) {
3760                         error = dmu_read(os, packobj, packoff,
3761                             packsize, packbuf, DMU_READ_PREFETCH);
3762                         ASSERT3U(error, ==, 0);
3763                         error = dmu_read(os, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize,
3764                             bigbuf, DMU_READ_PREFETCH);
3765                         ASSERT3U(error, ==, 0);
3766                 }
3767                 compare_and_update_pbbufs(s, packbuf, bigbuf, bigsize,
3768                     n, chunksize, txg);
3769 
3770                 /*
3771                  * We've verified all the old bufwads, and made new ones.
3772                  * Now write them out.
3773                  */
3774                 dmu_write(os, packobj, packoff, packsize, packbuf, tx);
3775                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 7) {
3776                         (void) printf("writing offset %llx size %llx"
3777                             " txg %llx\n",
3778                             (u_longlong_t)bigoff,
3779                             (u_longlong_t)bigsize,
3780                             (u_longlong_t)txg);
3781                 }
3782                 for (off = bigoff, j = 0; j < s; j++, off += chunksize) {
3783                         dmu_buf_t *dbt;
3784                         if (i != 5) {
3785                                 bcopy((caddr_t)bigbuf + (off - bigoff),
3786                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[j]->b_data, chunksize);
3787                         } else {
3788                                 bcopy((caddr_t)bigbuf + (off - bigoff),
3789                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j]->b_data,
3790                                     chunksize / 2);
3791                                 bcopy((caddr_t)bigbuf + (off - bigoff) +
3792                                     chunksize / 2,
3793                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j + 1]->b_data,
3794                                     chunksize / 2);
3795                         }
3796 
3797                         if (i == 1) {
3798                                 VERIFY(dmu_buf_hold(os, bigobj, off,
3799                                     FTAG, &dbt, DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH) == 0);
3800                         }
3801                         if (i != 5) {
3802                                 dmu_assign_arcbuf(bonus_db, off,
3803                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[j], tx);
3804                         } else {
3805                                 dmu_assign_arcbuf(bonus_db, off,
3806                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j], tx);
3807                                 dmu_assign_arcbuf(bonus_db,
3808                                     off + chunksize / 2,
3809                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j + 1], tx);
3810                         }
3811                         if (i == 1) {
3812                                 dmu_buf_rele(dbt, FTAG);
3813                         }
3814                 }
3815                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
3816 
3817                 /*
3818                  * Sanity check the stuff we just wrote.
3819                  */
3820                 {
3821                         void *packcheck = umem_alloc(packsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3822                         void *bigcheck = umem_alloc(bigsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3823 
3824                         VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, packobj, packoff,
3825                             packsize, packcheck, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
3826                         VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, bigobj, bigoff,
3827                             bigsize, bigcheck, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
3828 
3829                         ASSERT(bcmp(packbuf, packcheck, packsize) == 0);
3830                         ASSERT(bcmp(bigbuf, bigcheck, bigsize) == 0);
3831 
3832                         umem_free(packcheck, packsize);
3833                         umem_free(bigcheck, bigsize);
3834                 }
3835                 if (i == 2) {
3836                         txg_wait_open(dmu_objset_pool(os), 0);
3837                 } else if (i == 3) {
3838                         txg_wait_synced(dmu_objset_pool(os), 0);
3839                 }
3840         }
3841 
3842         dmu_buf_rele(bonus_db, FTAG);
3843         umem_free(packbuf, packsize);
3844         umem_free(bigbuf, bigsize);
3845         umem_free(bigbuf_arcbufs, 2 * s * sizeof (arc_buf_t *));
3846 }
3847 
3848 /* ARGSUSED */
3849 void
3850 ztest_dmu_write_parallel(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3851 {
3852         ztest_od_t od[1];
3853         uint64_t offset = (1ULL << (ztest_random(20) + 43)) +
3854             (ztest_random(ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS) << SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT);
3855 
3856         /*
3857          * Have multiple threads write to large offsets in an object
3858          * to verify that parallel writes to an object -- even to the
3859          * same blocks within the object -- doesn't cause any trouble.
3860          */
3861         ztest_od_init(&od[0], ID_PARALLEL, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, 0);
3862 
3863         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
3864                 return;
3865 
3866         while (ztest_random(10) != 0)
3867                 ztest_io(zd, od[0].od_object, offset);
3868 }
3869 
3870 void
3871 ztest_dmu_prealloc(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3872 {
3873         ztest_od_t od[1];
3874         uint64_t offset = (1ULL << (ztest_random(4) + SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT)) +
3875             (ztest_random(ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS) << SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT);
3876         uint64_t count = ztest_random(20) + 1;
3877         uint64_t blocksize = ztest_random_blocksize();
3878         void *data;
3879 
3880         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, blocksize, 0);
3881 
3882         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), !ztest_random(2)) != 0)
3883                 return;
3884 
3885         if (ztest_truncate(zd, od[0].od_object, offset, count * blocksize) != 0)
3886                 return;
3887 
3888         ztest_prealloc(zd, od[0].od_object, offset, count * blocksize);
3889 
3890         data = umem_zalloc(blocksize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3891 
3892         while (ztest_random(count) != 0) {
3893                 uint64_t randoff = offset + (ztest_random(count) * blocksize);
3894                 if (ztest_write(zd, od[0].od_object, randoff, blocksize,
3895                     data) != 0)
3896                         break;
3897                 while (ztest_random(4) != 0)
3898                         ztest_io(zd, od[0].od_object, randoff);
3899         }
3900 
3901         umem_free(data, blocksize);
3902 }
3903 
3904 /*
3905  * Verify that zap_{create,destroy,add,remove,update} work as expected.
3906  */
3907 #define ZTEST_ZAP_MIN_INTS      1
3908 #define ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_INTS      4
3909 #define ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_PROPS     1000
3910 
3911 void
3912 ztest_zap(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3913 {
3914         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
3915         ztest_od_t od[1];
3916         uint64_t object;
3917         uint64_t txg, last_txg;
3918         uint64_t value[ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_INTS];
3919         uint64_t zl_ints, zl_intsize, prop;
3920         int i, ints;
3921         dmu_tx_t *tx;
3922         char propname[100], txgname[100];
3923         int error;
3924         char *hc[2] = { "s.acl.h", ".s.open.h.hyLZlg" };
3925 
3926         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER, 0, 0);
3927 
3928         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), !ztest_random(2)) != 0)
3929                 return;
3930 
3931         object = od[0].od_object;
3932 
3933         /*
3934          * Generate a known hash collision, and verify that
3935          * we can lookup and remove both entries.
3936          */
3937         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
3938         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, NULL);
3939         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
3940         if (txg == 0)
3941                 return;
3942         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
3943                 value[i] = i;
3944                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_add(os, object, hc[i], sizeof (uint64_t),
3945                     1, &value[i], tx));
3946         }
3947         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
3948                 VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==, zap_add(os, object, hc[i],
3949                     sizeof (uint64_t), 1, &value[i], tx));
3950                 VERIFY3U(0, ==,
3951                     zap_length(os, object, hc[i], &zl_intsize, &zl_ints));
3952                 ASSERT3U(zl_intsize, ==, sizeof (uint64_t));
3953                 ASSERT3U(zl_ints, ==, 1);
3954         }
3955         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
3956                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_remove(os, object, hc[i], tx));
3957         }
3958         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
3959 
3960         /*
3961          * Generate a buch of random entries.
3962          */
3963         ints = MAX(ZTEST_ZAP_MIN_INTS, object % ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_INTS);
3964 
3965         prop = ztest_random(ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_PROPS);
3966         (void) sprintf(propname, "prop_%llu", (u_longlong_t)prop);
3967         (void) sprintf(txgname, "txg_%llu", (u_longlong_t)prop);
3968         bzero(value, sizeof (value));
3969         last_txg = 0;
3970 
3971         /*
3972          * If these zap entries already exist, validate their contents.
3973          */
3974         error = zap_length(os, object, txgname, &zl_intsize, &zl_ints);
3975         if (error == 0) {
3976                 ASSERT3U(zl_intsize, ==, sizeof (uint64_t));
3977                 ASSERT3U(zl_ints, ==, 1);
3978 
3979                 VERIFY(zap_lookup(os, object, txgname, zl_intsize,
3980                     zl_ints, &last_txg) == 0);
3981 
3982                 VERIFY(zap_length(os, object, propname, &zl_intsize,
3983                     &zl_ints) == 0);
3984 
3985                 ASSERT3U(zl_intsize, ==, sizeof (uint64_t));
3986                 ASSERT3U(zl_ints, ==, ints);
3987 
3988                 VERIFY(zap_lookup(os, object, propname, zl_intsize,
3989                     zl_ints, value) == 0);
3990 
3991                 for (i = 0; i < ints; i++) {
3992                         ASSERT3U(value[i], ==, last_txg + object + i);
3993                 }
3994         } else {
3995                 ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOENT);
3996         }
3997 
3998         /*
3999          * Atomically update two entries in our zap object.
4000          * The first is named txg_%llu, and contains the txg
4001          * in which the property was last updated.  The second
4002          * is named prop_%llu, and the nth element of its value
4003          * should be txg + object + n.
4004          */
4005         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4006         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, NULL);
4007         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
4008         if (txg == 0)
4009                 return;
4010 
4011         if (last_txg > txg)
4012                 fatal(0, "zap future leak: old %llu new %llu", last_txg, txg);
4013 
4014         for (i = 0; i < ints; i++)
4015                 value[i] = txg + object + i;
4016 
4017         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_update(os, object, txgname, sizeof (uint64_t),
4018             1, &txg, tx));
4019         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_update(os, object, propname, sizeof (uint64_t),
4020             ints, value, tx));
4021 
4022         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4023 
4024         /*
4025          * Remove a random pair of entries.
4026          */
4027         prop = ztest_random(ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_PROPS);
4028         (void) sprintf(propname, "prop_%llu", (u_longlong_t)prop);
4029         (void) sprintf(txgname, "txg_%llu", (u_longlong_t)prop);
4030 
4031         error = zap_length(os, object, txgname, &zl_intsize, &zl_ints);
4032 
4033         if (error == ENOENT)
4034                 return;
4035 
4036         ASSERT3U(error, ==, 0);
4037 
4038         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4039         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, NULL);
4040         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
4041         if (txg == 0)
4042                 return;
4043         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_remove(os, object, txgname, tx));
4044         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_remove(os, object, propname, tx));
4045         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4046 }
4047 
4048 /*
4049  * Testcase to test the upgrading of a microzap to fatzap.
4050  */
4051 void
4052 ztest_fzap(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4053 {
4054         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4055         ztest_od_t od[1];
4056         uint64_t object, txg;
4057 
4058         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER, 0, 0);
4059 
4060         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), !ztest_random(2)) != 0)
4061                 return;
4062 
4063         object = od[0].od_object;
4064 
4065         /*
4066          * Add entries to this ZAP and make sure it spills over
4067          * and gets upgraded to a fatzap. Also, since we are adding
4068          * 2050 entries we should see ptrtbl growth and leaf-block split.
4069          */
4070         for (int i = 0; i < 2050; i++) {
4071                 char name[MAXNAMELEN];
4072                 uint64_t value = i;
4073                 dmu_tx_t *tx;
4074                 int error;
4075 
4076                 (void) snprintf(name, sizeof (name), "fzap-%llu-%llu",
4077                     id, value);
4078 
4079                 tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4080                 dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, name);
4081                 txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
4082                 if (txg == 0)
4083                         return;
4084                 error = zap_add(os, object, name, sizeof (uint64_t), 1,
4085                     &value, tx);
4086                 ASSERT(error == 0 || error == EEXIST);
4087                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4088         }
4089 }
4090 
4091 /* ARGSUSED */
4092 void
4093 ztest_zap_parallel(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4094 {
4095         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4096         ztest_od_t od[1];
4097         uint64_t txg, object, count, wsize, wc, zl_wsize, zl_wc;
4098         dmu_tx_t *tx;
4099         int i, namelen, error;
4100         int micro = ztest_random(2);
4101         char name[20], string_value[20];
4102         void *data;
4103 
4104         ztest_od_init(&od[0], ID_PARALLEL, FTAG, micro, DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER, 0, 0);
4105 
4106         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
4107                 return;
4108 
4109         object = od[0].od_object;
4110 
4111         /*
4112          * Generate a random name of the form 'xxx.....' where each
4113          * x is a random printable character and the dots are dots.
4114          * There are 94 such characters, and the name length goes from
4115          * 6 to 20, so there are 94^3 * 15 = 12,458,760 possible names.
4116          */
4117         namelen = ztest_random(sizeof (name) - 5) + 5 + 1;
4118 
4119         for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
4120                 name[i] = '!' + ztest_random('~' - '!' + 1);
4121         for (; i < namelen - 1; i++)
4122                 name[i] = '.';
4123         name[i] = '\0';
4124 
4125         if ((namelen & 1) || micro) {
4126                 wsize = sizeof (txg);
4127                 wc = 1;
4128                 data = &txg;
4129         } else {
4130                 wsize = 1;
4131                 wc = namelen;
4132                 data = string_value;
4133         }
4134 
4135         count = -1ULL;
4136         VERIFY(zap_count(os, object, &count) == 0);
4137         ASSERT(count != -1ULL);
4138 
4139         /*
4140          * Select an operation: length, lookup, add, update, remove.
4141          */
4142         i = ztest_random(5);
4143 
4144         if (i >= 2) {
4145                 tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4146                 dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, NULL);
4147                 txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
4148                 if (txg == 0)
4149                         return;
4150                 bcopy(name, string_value, namelen);
4151         } else {
4152                 tx = NULL;
4153                 txg = 0;
4154                 bzero(string_value, namelen);
4155         }
4156 
4157         switch (i) {
4158 
4159         case 0:
4160                 error = zap_length(os, object, name, &zl_wsize, &zl_wc);
4161                 if (error == 0) {
4162                         ASSERT3U(wsize, ==, zl_wsize);
4163                         ASSERT3U(wc, ==, zl_wc);
4164                 } else {
4165                         ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOENT);
4166                 }
4167                 break;
4168 
4169         case 1:
4170                 error = zap_lookup(os, object, name, wsize, wc, data);
4171                 if (error == 0) {
4172                         if (data == string_value &&
4173                             bcmp(name, data, namelen) != 0)
4174                                 fatal(0, "name '%s' != val '%s' len %d",
4175                                     name, data, namelen);
4176                 } else {
4177                         ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOENT);
4178                 }
4179                 break;
4180 
4181         case 2:
4182                 error = zap_add(os, object, name, wsize, wc, data, tx);
4183                 ASSERT(error == 0 || error == EEXIST);
4184                 break;
4185 
4186         case 3:
4187                 VERIFY(zap_update(os, object, name, wsize, wc, data, tx) == 0);
4188                 break;
4189 
4190         case 4:
4191                 error = zap_remove(os, object, name, tx);
4192                 ASSERT(error == 0 || error == ENOENT);
4193                 break;
4194         }
4195 
4196         if (tx != NULL)
4197                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4198 }
4199 
4200 /*
4201  * Commit callback data.
4202  */
4203 typedef struct ztest_cb_data {
4204         list_node_t             zcd_node;
4205         uint64_t                zcd_txg;
4206         int                     zcd_expected_err;
4207         boolean_t               zcd_added;
4208         boolean_t               zcd_called;
4209         spa_t                   *zcd_spa;
4210 } ztest_cb_data_t;
4211 
4212 /* This is the actual commit callback function */
4213 static void
4214 ztest_commit_callback(void *arg, int error)
4215 {
4216         ztest_cb_data_t *data = arg;
4217         uint64_t synced_txg;
4218 
4219         VERIFY(data != NULL);
4220         VERIFY3S(data->zcd_expected_err, ==, error);
4221         VERIFY(!data->zcd_called);
4222 
4223         synced_txg = spa_last_synced_txg(data->zcd_spa);
4224         if (data->zcd_txg > synced_txg)
4225                 fatal(0, "commit callback of txg %" PRIu64 " called prematurely"
4226                     ", last synced txg = %" PRIu64 "\n", data->zcd_txg,
4227                     synced_txg);
4228 
4229         data->zcd_called = B_TRUE;
4230 
4231         if (error == ECANCELED) {
4232                 ASSERT3U(data->zcd_txg, ==, 0);
4233                 ASSERT(!data->zcd_added);
4234 
4235                 /*
4236                  * The private callback data should be destroyed here, but
4237                  * since we are going to check the zcd_called field after
4238                  * dmu_tx_abort(), we will destroy it there.
4239                  */
4240                 return;
4241         }
4242 
4243         /* Was this callback added to the global callback list? */
4244         if (!data->zcd_added)
4245                 goto out;
4246 
4247         ASSERT3U(data->zcd_txg, !=, 0);
4248 
4249         /* Remove our callback from the list */
4250         (void) mutex_lock(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
4251         list_remove(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, data);
4252         (void) mutex_unlock(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
4253 
4254 out:
4255         umem_free(data, sizeof (ztest_cb_data_t));
4256 }
4257 
4258 /* Allocate and initialize callback data structure */
4259 static ztest_cb_data_t *
4260 ztest_create_cb_data(objset_t *os, uint64_t txg)
4261 {
4262         ztest_cb_data_t *cb_data;
4263 
4264         cb_data = umem_zalloc(sizeof (ztest_cb_data_t), UMEM_NOFAIL);
4265 
4266         cb_data->zcd_txg = txg;
4267         cb_data->zcd_spa = dmu_objset_spa(os);
4268 
4269         return (cb_data);
4270 }
4271 
4272 /*
4273  * If a number of txgs equal to this threshold have been created after a commit
4274  * callback has been registered but not called, then we assume there is an
4275  * implementation bug.
4276  */
4277 #define ZTEST_COMMIT_CALLBACK_THRESH    (TXG_CONCURRENT_STATES + 2)
4278 
4279 /*
4280  * Commit callback test.
4281  */
4282 void
4283 ztest_dmu_commit_callbacks(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4284 {
4285         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4286         ztest_od_t od[1];
4287         dmu_tx_t *tx;
4288         ztest_cb_data_t *cb_data[3], *tmp_cb;
4289         uint64_t old_txg, txg;
4290         int i, error;
4291 
4292         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, 0);
4293 
4294         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
4295                 return;
4296 
4297         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4298 
4299         cb_data[0] = ztest_create_cb_data(os, 0);
4300         dmu_tx_callback_register(tx, ztest_commit_callback, cb_data[0]);
4301 
4302         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, od[0].od_object, 0, sizeof (uint64_t));
4303 
4304         /* Every once in a while, abort the transaction on purpose */
4305         if (ztest_random(100) == 0)
4306                 error = -1;
4307 
4308         if (!error)
4309                 error = dmu_tx_assign(tx, TXG_NOWAIT);
4310 
4311         txg = error ? 0 : dmu_tx_get_txg(tx);
4312 
4313         cb_data[0]->zcd_txg = txg;
4314         cb_data[1] = ztest_create_cb_data(os, txg);
4315         dmu_tx_callback_register(tx, ztest_commit_callback, cb_data[1]);
4316 
4317         if (error) {
4318                 /*
4319                  * It's not a strict requirement to call the registered
4320                  * callbacks from inside dmu_tx_abort(), but that's what
4321                  * it's supposed to happen in the current implementation
4322                  * so we will check for that.
4323                  */
4324                 for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
4325                         cb_data[i]->zcd_expected_err = ECANCELED;
4326                         VERIFY(!cb_data[i]->zcd_called);
4327                 }
4328 
4329                 dmu_tx_abort(tx);
4330 
4331                 for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
4332                         VERIFY(cb_data[i]->zcd_called);
4333                         umem_free(cb_data[i], sizeof (ztest_cb_data_t));
4334                 }
4335 
4336                 return;
4337         }
4338 
4339         cb_data[2] = ztest_create_cb_data(os, txg);
4340         dmu_tx_callback_register(tx, ztest_commit_callback, cb_data[2]);
4341 
4342         /*
4343          * Read existing data to make sure there isn't a future leak.
4344          */
4345         VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, od[0].od_object, 0, sizeof (uint64_t),
4346             &old_txg, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
4347 
4348         if (old_txg > txg)
4349                 fatal(0, "future leak: got %" PRIu64 ", open txg is %" PRIu64,
4350                     old_txg, txg);
4351 
4352         dmu_write(os, od[0].od_object, 0, sizeof (uint64_t), &txg, tx);
4353 
4354         (void) mutex_lock(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
4355 
4356         /*
4357          * Since commit callbacks don't have any ordering requirement and since
4358          * it is theoretically possible for a commit callback to be called
4359          * after an arbitrary amount of time has elapsed since its txg has been
4360          * synced, it is difficult to reliably determine whether a commit
4361          * callback hasn't been called due to high load or due to a flawed
4362          * implementation.
4363          *
4364          * In practice, we will assume that if after a certain number of txgs a
4365          * commit callback hasn't been called, then most likely there's an
4366          * implementation bug..
4367          */
4368         tmp_cb = list_head(&zcl.zcl_callbacks);
4369         if (tmp_cb != NULL &&
4370             tmp_cb->zcd_txg > txg - ZTEST_COMMIT_CALLBACK_THRESH) {
4371                 fatal(0, "Commit callback threshold exceeded, oldest txg: %"
4372                     PRIu64 ", open txg: %" PRIu64 "\n", tmp_cb->zcd_txg, txg);
4373         }
4374 
4375         /*
4376          * Let's find the place to insert our callbacks.
4377          *
4378          * Even though the list is ordered by txg, it is possible for the
4379          * insertion point to not be the end because our txg may already be
4380          * quiescing at this point and other callbacks in the open txg
4381          * (from other objsets) may have sneaked in.
4382          */
4383         tmp_cb = list_tail(&zcl.zcl_callbacks);
4384         while (tmp_cb != NULL && tmp_cb->zcd_txg > txg)
4385                 tmp_cb = list_prev(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, tmp_cb);
4386 
4387         /* Add the 3 callbacks to the list */
4388         for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
4389                 if (tmp_cb == NULL)
4390                         list_insert_head(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, cb_data[i]);
4391                 else
4392                         list_insert_after(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, tmp_cb,
4393                             cb_data[i]);
4394 
4395                 cb_data[i]->zcd_added = B_TRUE;
4396                 VERIFY(!cb_data[i]->zcd_called);
4397 
4398                 tmp_cb = cb_data[i];
4399         }
4400 
4401         (void) mutex_unlock(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
4402 
4403         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4404 }
4405 
4406 /* ARGSUSED */
4407 void
4408 ztest_dsl_prop_get_set(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4409 {
4410         zfs_prop_t proplist[] = {
4411                 ZFS_PROP_CHECKSUM,
4412                 ZFS_PROP_COMPRESSION,
4413                 ZFS_PROP_COPIES,
4414                 ZFS_PROP_DEDUP
4415         };
4416 
4417         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4418 
4419         for (int p = 0; p < sizeof (proplist) / sizeof (proplist[0]); p++)
4420                 (void) ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(zd->zd_name, proplist[p],
4421                     ztest_random_dsl_prop(proplist[p]), (int)ztest_random(2));
4422 
4423         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4424 }
4425 
4426 /* ARGSUSED */
4427 void
4428 ztest_spa_prop_get_set(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4429 {
4430         nvlist_t *props = NULL;
4431 
4432         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4433 
4434         (void) ztest_spa_prop_set_uint64(ZPOOL_PROP_DEDUPDITTO,
4435             ZIO_DEDUPDITTO_MIN + ztest_random(ZIO_DEDUPDITTO_MIN));
4436 
4437         VERIFY3U(spa_prop_get(ztest_spa, &props), ==, 0);
4438 
4439         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
4440                 dump_nvlist(props, 4);
4441 
4442         nvlist_free(props);
4443 
4444         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4445 }
4446 
4447 /*
4448  * Test snapshot hold/release and deferred destroy.
4449  */
4450 void
4451 ztest_dmu_snapshot_hold(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4452 {
4453         int error;
4454         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4455         objset_t *origin;
4456         char snapname[100];
4457         char fullname[100];
4458         char clonename[100];
4459         char tag[100];
4460         char osname[MAXNAMELEN];
4461 
4462         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4463 
4464         dmu_objset_name(os, osname);
4465 
4466         (void) snprintf(snapname, 100, "sh1_%llu", id);
4467         (void) snprintf(fullname, 100, "%s@%s", osname, snapname);
4468         (void) snprintf(clonename, 100, "%s/ch1_%llu", osname, id);
4469         (void) snprintf(tag, 100, "%tag_%llu", id);
4470 
4471         /*
4472          * Clean up from any previous run.
4473          */
4474         (void) dmu_objset_destroy(clonename, B_FALSE);
4475         (void) dsl_dataset_user_release(osname, snapname, tag, B_FALSE);
4476         (void) dmu_objset_destroy(fullname, B_FALSE);
4477 
4478         /*
4479          * Create snapshot, clone it, mark snap for deferred destroy,
4480          * destroy clone, verify snap was also destroyed.
4481          */
4482         error = dmu_objset_snapshot(osname, snapname, NULL, NULL, FALSE,
4483             FALSE, -1);
4484         if (error) {
4485                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
4486                         ztest_record_enospc("dmu_objset_snapshot");
4487                         goto out;
4488                 }
4489                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_snapshot(%s) = %d", fullname, error);
4490         }
4491 
4492         error = dmu_objset_hold(fullname, FTAG, &origin);
4493         if (error)
4494                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_hold(%s) = %d", fullname, error);
4495 
4496         error = dmu_objset_clone(clonename, dmu_objset_ds(origin), 0);
4497         dmu_objset_rele(origin, FTAG);
4498         if (error) {
4499                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
4500                         ztest_record_enospc("dmu_objset_clone");
4501                         goto out;
4502                 }
4503                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_clone(%s) = %d", clonename, error);
4504         }
4505 
4506         error = dmu_objset_destroy(fullname, B_TRUE);
4507         if (error) {
4508                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_destroy(%s, B_TRUE) = %d",
4509                     fullname, error);
4510         }
4511 
4512         error = dmu_objset_destroy(clonename, B_FALSE);
4513         if (error)
4514                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_destroy(%s) = %d", clonename, error);
4515 
4516         error = dmu_objset_hold(fullname, FTAG, &origin);
4517         if (error != ENOENT)
4518                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_hold(%s) = %d", fullname, error);
4519 
4520         /*
4521          * Create snapshot, add temporary hold, verify that we can't
4522          * destroy a held snapshot, mark for deferred destroy,
4523          * release hold, verify snapshot was destroyed.
4524          */
4525         error = dmu_objset_snapshot(osname, snapname, NULL, NULL, FALSE,
4526             FALSE, -1);
4527         if (error) {
4528                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
4529                         ztest_record_enospc("dmu_objset_snapshot");
4530                         goto out;
4531                 }
4532                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_snapshot(%s) = %d", fullname, error);
4533         }
4534 
4535         error = dsl_dataset_user_hold(osname, snapname, tag, B_FALSE,
4536             B_TRUE, -1);
4537         if (error)
4538                 fatal(0, "dsl_dataset_user_hold(%s)", fullname, tag);
4539 
4540         error = dmu_objset_destroy(fullname, B_FALSE);
4541         if (error != EBUSY) {
4542                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_destroy(%s, B_FALSE) = %d",
4543                     fullname, error);
4544         }
4545 
4546         error = dmu_objset_destroy(fullname, B_TRUE);
4547         if (error) {
4548                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_destroy(%s, B_TRUE) = %d",
4549                     fullname, error);
4550         }
4551 
4552         error = dsl_dataset_user_release(osname, snapname, tag, B_FALSE);
4553         if (error)
4554                 fatal(0, "dsl_dataset_user_release(%s)", fullname, tag);
4555 
4556         VERIFY(dmu_objset_hold(fullname, FTAG, &origin) == ENOENT);
4557 
4558 out:
4559         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4560 }
4561 
4562 /*
4563  * Inject random faults into the on-disk data.
4564  */
4565 /* ARGSUSED */
4566 void
4567 ztest_fault_inject(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4568 {
4569         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
4570         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
4571         int fd;
4572         uint64_t offset;
4573         uint64_t leaves;
4574         uint64_t bad = 0x1990c0ffeedecade;
4575         uint64_t top, leaf;
4576         char path0[MAXPATHLEN];
4577         char pathrand[MAXPATHLEN];
4578         size_t fsize;
4579         int bshift = SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT + 2;     /* don't scrog all labels */
4580         int iters = 1000;
4581         int maxfaults;
4582         int mirror_save;
4583         vdev_t *vd0 = NULL;
4584         uint64_t guid0 = 0;
4585         boolean_t islog = B_FALSE;
4586 
4587         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4588         maxfaults = MAXFAULTS();
4589         leaves = MAX(zs->zs_mirrors, 1) * ztest_opts.zo_raidz;
4590         mirror_save = zs->zs_mirrors;
4591         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4592 
4593         ASSERT(leaves >= 1);
4594 
4595         /*
4596          * We need SCL_STATE here because we're going to look at vd0->vdev_tsd.
4597          */
4598         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG, RW_READER);
4599 
4600         if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
4601                 /*
4602                  * Inject errors on a normal data device or slog device.
4603                  */
4604                 top = ztest_random_vdev_top(spa, B_TRUE);
4605                 leaf = ztest_random(leaves) + zs->zs_splits;
4606 
4607                 /*
4608                  * Generate paths to the first leaf in this top-level vdev,
4609                  * and to the random leaf we selected.  We'll induce transient
4610                  * write failures and random online/offline activity on leaf 0,
4611                  * and we'll write random garbage to the randomly chosen leaf.
4612                  */
4613                 (void) snprintf(path0, sizeof (path0), ztest_dev_template,
4614                     ztest_opts.zo_dir, ztest_opts.zo_pool,
4615                     top * leaves + zs->zs_splits);
4616                 (void) snprintf(pathrand, sizeof (pathrand), ztest_dev_template,
4617                     ztest_opts.zo_dir, ztest_opts.zo_pool,
4618                     top * leaves + leaf);
4619 
4620                 vd0 = vdev_lookup_by_path(spa->spa_root_vdev, path0);
4621                 if (vd0 != NULL && vd0->vdev_top->vdev_islog)
4622                         islog = B_TRUE;
4623 
4624                 if (vd0 != NULL && maxfaults != 1) {
4625                         /*
4626                          * Make vd0 explicitly claim to be unreadable,
4627                          * or unwriteable, or reach behind its back
4628                          * and close the underlying fd.  We can do this if
4629                          * maxfaults == 0 because we'll fail and reexecute,
4630                          * and we can do it if maxfaults >= 2 because we'll
4631                          * have enough redundancy.  If maxfaults == 1, the
4632                          * combination of this with injection of random data
4633                          * corruption below exceeds the pool's fault tolerance.
4634                          */
4635                         vdev_file_t *vf = vd0->vdev_tsd;
4636 
4637                         if (vf != NULL && ztest_random(3) == 0) {
4638                                 (void) close(vf->vf_vnode->v_fd);
4639                                 vf->vf_vnode->v_fd = -1;
4640                         } else if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
4641                                 vd0->vdev_cant_read = B_TRUE;
4642                         } else {
4643                                 vd0->vdev_cant_write = B_TRUE;
4644                         }
4645                         guid0 = vd0->vdev_guid;
4646                 }
4647         } else {
4648                 /*
4649                  * Inject errors on an l2cache device.
4650                  */
4651                 spa_aux_vdev_t *sav = &spa->spa_l2cache;
4652 
4653                 if (sav->sav_count == 0) {
4654                         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG);
4655                         return;
4656                 }
4657                 vd0 = sav->sav_vdevs[ztest_random(sav->sav_count)];
4658                 guid0 = vd0->vdev_guid;
4659                 (void) strcpy(path0, vd0->vdev_path);
4660                 (void) strcpy(pathrand, vd0->vdev_path);
4661 
4662                 leaf = 0;
4663                 leaves = 1;
4664                 maxfaults = INT_MAX;    /* no limit on cache devices */
4665         }
4666 
4667         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG);
4668 
4669         /*
4670          * If we can tolerate two or more faults, or we're dealing
4671          * with a slog, randomly online/offline vd0.
4672          */
4673         if ((maxfaults >= 2 || islog) && guid0 != 0) {
4674                 if (ztest_random(10) < 6) {
4675                         int flags = (ztest_random(2) == 0 ?
4676                             ZFS_OFFLINE_TEMPORARY : 0);
4677 
4678                         /*
4679                          * We have to grab the zs_name_lock as writer to
4680                          * prevent a race between offlining a slog and
4681                          * destroying a dataset. Offlining the slog will
4682                          * grab a reference on the dataset which may cause
4683                          * dmu_objset_destroy() to fail with EBUSY thus
4684                          * leaving the dataset in an inconsistent state.
4685                          */
4686                         if (islog)
4687                                 (void) rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4688 
4689                         VERIFY(vdev_offline(spa, guid0, flags) != EBUSY);
4690 
4691                         if (islog)
4692                                 (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4693                 } else {
4694                         (void) vdev_online(spa, guid0, 0, NULL);
4695                 }
4696         }
4697 
4698         if (maxfaults == 0)
4699                 return;
4700 
4701         /*
4702          * We have at least single-fault tolerance, so inject data corruption.
4703          */
4704         fd = open(pathrand, O_RDWR);
4705 
4706         if (fd == -1)   /* we hit a gap in the device namespace */
4707                 return;
4708 
4709         fsize = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
4710 
4711         while (--iters != 0) {
4712                 offset = ztest_random(fsize / (leaves << bshift)) *
4713                     (leaves << bshift) + (leaf << bshift) +
4714                     (ztest_random(1ULL << (bshift - 1)) & -8ULL);
4715 
4716                 if (offset >= fsize)
4717                         continue;
4718 
4719                 VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4720                 if (mirror_save != zs->zs_mirrors) {
4721                         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4722                         (void) close(fd);
4723                         return;
4724                 }
4725 
4726                 if (pwrite(fd, &bad, sizeof (bad), offset) != sizeof (bad))
4727                         fatal(1, "can't inject bad word at 0x%llx in %s",
4728                             offset, pathrand);
4729 
4730                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4731 
4732                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 7)
4733                         (void) printf("injected bad word into %s,"
4734                             " offset 0x%llx\n", pathrand, (u_longlong_t)offset);
4735         }
4736 
4737         (void) close(fd);
4738 }
4739 
4740 /*
4741  * Verify that DDT repair works as expected.
4742  */
4743 void
4744 ztest_ddt_repair(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4745 {
4746         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
4747         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
4748         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4749         ztest_od_t od[1];
4750         uint64_t object, blocksize, txg, pattern, psize;
4751         enum zio_checksum checksum = spa_dedup_checksum(spa);
4752         dmu_buf_t *db;
4753         dmu_tx_t *tx;
4754         void *buf;
4755         blkptr_t blk;
4756         int copies = 2 * ZIO_DEDUPDITTO_MIN;
4757 
4758         blocksize = ztest_random_blocksize();
4759         blocksize = MIN(blocksize, 2048);       /* because we write so many */
4760 
4761         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, blocksize, 0);
4762 
4763         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
4764                 return;
4765 
4766         /*
4767          * Take the name lock as writer to prevent anyone else from changing
4768          * the pool and dataset properies we need to maintain during this test.
4769          */
4770         (void) rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4771 
4772         if (ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(zd->zd_name, ZFS_PROP_DEDUP, checksum,
4773             B_FALSE) != 0 ||
4774             ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(zd->zd_name, ZFS_PROP_COPIES, 1,
4775             B_FALSE) != 0) {
4776                 (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4777                 return;
4778         }
4779 
4780         object = od[0].od_object;
4781         blocksize = od[0].od_blocksize;
4782         pattern = zs->zs_guid ^ dmu_objset_fsid_guid(os);
4783 
4784         ASSERT(object != 0);
4785 
4786         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4787         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, object, 0, copies * blocksize);
4788         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
4789         if (txg == 0) {
4790                 (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4791                 return;
4792         }
4793 
4794         /*
4795          * Write all the copies of our block.
4796          */
4797         for (int i = 0; i < copies; i++) {
4798                 uint64_t offset = i * blocksize;
4799                 VERIFY(dmu_buf_hold(os, object, offset, FTAG, &db,
4800                     DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH) == 0);
4801                 ASSERT(db->db_offset == offset);
4802                 ASSERT(db->db_size == blocksize);
4803                 ASSERT(ztest_pattern_match(db->db_data, db->db_size, pattern) ||
4804                     ztest_pattern_match(db->db_data, db->db_size, 0ULL));
4805                 dmu_buf_will_fill(db, tx);
4806                 ztest_pattern_set(db->db_data, db->db_size, pattern);
4807                 dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
4808         }
4809 
4810         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4811         txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), txg);
4812 
4813         /*
4814          * Find out what block we got.
4815          */
4816         VERIFY(dmu_buf_hold(os, object, 0, FTAG, &db,
4817             DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH) == 0);
4818         blk = *((dmu_buf_impl_t *)db)->db_blkptr;
4819         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
4820 
4821         /*
4822          * Damage the block.  Dedup-ditto will save us when we read it later.
4823          */
4824         psize = BP_GET_PSIZE(&blk);
4825         buf = zio_buf_alloc(psize);
4826         ztest_pattern_set(buf, psize, ~pattern);
4827 
4828         (void) zio_wait(zio_rewrite(NULL, spa, 0, &blk,
4829             buf, psize, NULL, NULL, ZIO_PRIORITY_SYNC_WRITE,
4830             ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_INDUCE_DAMAGE, NULL));
4831 
4832         zio_buf_free(buf, psize);
4833 
4834         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4835 }
4836 
4837 /*
4838  * Scrub the pool.
4839  */
4840 /* ARGSUSED */
4841 void
4842 ztest_scrub(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4843 {
4844         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
4845 
4846         (void) spa_scan(spa, POOL_SCAN_SCRUB);
4847         (void) poll(NULL, 0, 100); /* wait a moment, then force a restart */
4848         (void) spa_scan(spa, POOL_SCAN_SCRUB);
4849 }
4850 
4851 /*
4852  * Change the guid for the pool.
4853  */
4854 /* ARGSUSED */
4855 void
4856 ztest_reguid(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4857 {
4858         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
4859         uint64_t orig, load;
4860 
4861         orig = spa_guid(spa);
4862         load = spa_load_guid(spa);
4863         if (spa_change_guid(spa) != 0)
4864                 return;
4865 
4866         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3) {
4867                 (void) printf("Changed guid old %llu -> %llu\n",
4868                     (u_longlong_t)orig, (u_longlong_t)spa_guid(spa));
4869         }
4870 
4871         VERIFY3U(orig, !=, spa_guid(spa));
4872         VERIFY3U(load, ==, spa_load_guid(spa));
4873 }
4874 
4875 /*
4876  * Rename the pool to a different name and then rename it back.
4877  */
4878 /* ARGSUSED */
4879 void
4880 ztest_spa_rename(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4881 {
4882         char *oldname, *newname;
4883         spa_t *spa;
4884 
4885         (void) rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4886 
4887         oldname = ztest_opts.zo_pool;
4888         newname = umem_alloc(strlen(oldname) + 5, UMEM_NOFAIL);
4889         (void) strcpy(newname, oldname);
4890         (void) strcat(newname, "_tmp");
4891 
4892         /*
4893          * Do the rename
4894          */
4895         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_rename(oldname, newname));
4896 
4897         /*
4898          * Try to open it under the old name, which shouldn't exist
4899          */
4900         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==, spa_open(oldname, &spa, FTAG));
4901 
4902         /*
4903          * Open it under the new name and make sure it's still the same spa_t.
4904          */
4905         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(newname, &spa, FTAG));
4906 
4907         ASSERT(spa == ztest_spa);
4908         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
4909 
4910         /*
4911          * Rename it back to the original
4912          */
4913         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_rename(newname, oldname));
4914 
4915         /*
4916          * Make sure it can still be opened
4917          */
4918         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(oldname, &spa, FTAG));
4919 
4920         ASSERT(spa == ztest_spa);
4921         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
4922 
4923         umem_free(newname, strlen(newname) + 1);
4924 
4925         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4926 }
4927 
4928 /*
4929  * Verify pool integrity by running zdb.
4930  */
4931 static void
4932 ztest_run_zdb(char *pool)
4933 {
4934         int status;
4935         char zdb[MAXPATHLEN + MAXNAMELEN + 20];
4936         char zbuf[1024];
4937         char *bin;
4938         char *ztest;
4939         char *isa;
4940         int isalen;
4941         FILE *fp;
4942 
4943         (void) realpath(getexecname(), zdb);
4944 
4945         /* zdb lives in /usr/sbin, while ztest lives in /usr/bin */
4946         bin = strstr(zdb, "/usr/bin/");
4947         ztest = strstr(bin, "/ztest");
4948         isa = bin + 8;
4949         isalen = ztest - isa;
4950         isa = strdup(isa);
4951         /* LINTED */
4952         (void) sprintf(bin,
4953             "/usr/sbin%.*s/zdb -bcc%s%s -U %s %s",
4954             isalen,
4955             isa,
4956             ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3 ? "s" : "",
4957             ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4 ? "v" : "",
4958             spa_config_path,
4959             pool);
4960         free(isa);
4961 
4962         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5)
4963                 (void) printf("Executing %s\n", strstr(zdb, "zdb "));
4964 
4965         fp = popen(zdb, "r");
4966 
4967         while (fgets(zbuf, sizeof (zbuf), fp) != NULL)
4968                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3)
4969                         (void) printf("%s", zbuf);
4970 
4971         status = pclose(fp);
4972 
4973         if (status == 0)
4974                 return;
4975 
4976         ztest_dump_core = 0;
4977         if (WIFEXITED(status))
4978                 fatal(0, "'%s' exit code %d", zdb, WEXITSTATUS(status));
4979         else
4980                 fatal(0, "'%s' died with signal %d", zdb, WTERMSIG(status));
4981 }
4982 
4983 static void
4984 ztest_walk_pool_directory(char *header)
4985 {
4986         spa_t *spa = NULL;
4987 
4988         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
4989                 (void) printf("%s\n", header);
4990 
4991         mutex_enter(&spa_namespace_lock);
4992         while ((spa = spa_next(spa)) != NULL)
4993                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
4994                         (void) printf("\t%s\n", spa_name(spa));
4995         mutex_exit(&spa_namespace_lock);
4996 }
4997 
4998 static void
4999 ztest_spa_import_export(char *oldname, char *newname)
5000 {
5001         nvlist_t *config, *newconfig;
5002         uint64_t pool_guid;
5003         spa_t *spa;
5004 
5005         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4) {
5006                 (void) printf("import/export: old = %s, new = %s\n",
5007                     oldname, newname);
5008         }
5009 
5010         /*
5011          * Clean up from previous runs.
5012          */
5013         (void) spa_destroy(newname);
5014 
5015         /*
5016          * Get the pool's configuration and guid.
5017          */
5018         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(oldname, &spa, FTAG));
5019 
5020         /*
5021          * Kick off a scrub to tickle scrub/export races.
5022          */
5023         if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
5024                 (void) spa_scan(spa, POOL_SCAN_SCRUB);
5025 
5026         pool_guid = spa_guid(spa);
5027         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5028 
5029         ztest_walk_pool_directory("pools before export");
5030 
5031         /*
5032          * Export it.
5033          */
5034         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_export(oldname, &config, B_FALSE, B_FALSE));
5035 
5036         ztest_walk_pool_directory("pools after export");
5037 
5038         /*
5039          * Try to import it.
5040          */
5041         newconfig = spa_tryimport(config);
5042         ASSERT(newconfig != NULL);
5043         nvlist_free(newconfig);
5044 
5045         /*
5046          * Import it under the new name.
5047          */
5048         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_import(newname, config, NULL, 0));
5049 
5050         ztest_walk_pool_directory("pools after import");
5051 
5052         /*
5053          * Try to import it again -- should fail with EEXIST.
5054          */
5055         VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==, spa_import(newname, config, NULL, 0));
5056 
5057         /*
5058          * Try to import it under a different name -- should fail with EEXIST.
5059          */
5060         VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==, spa_import(oldname, config, NULL, 0));
5061 
5062         /*
5063          * Verify that the pool is no longer visible under the old name.
5064          */
5065         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==, spa_open(oldname, &spa, FTAG));
5066 
5067         /*
5068          * Verify that we can open and close the pool using the new name.
5069          */
5070         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(newname, &spa, FTAG));
5071         ASSERT(pool_guid == spa_guid(spa));
5072         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5073 
5074         nvlist_free(config);
5075 }
5076 
5077 static void
5078 ztest_resume(spa_t *spa)
5079 {
5080         if (spa_suspended(spa) && ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
5081                 (void) printf("resuming from suspended state\n");
5082         spa_vdev_state_enter(spa, SCL_NONE);
5083         vdev_clear(spa, NULL);
5084         (void) spa_vdev_state_exit(spa, NULL, 0);
5085         (void) zio_resume(spa);
5086 }
5087 
5088 static void *
5089 ztest_resume_thread(void *arg)
5090 {
5091         spa_t *spa = arg;
5092 
5093         while (!ztest_exiting) {
5094                 if (spa_suspended(spa))
5095                         ztest_resume(spa);
5096                 (void) poll(NULL, 0, 100);
5097         }
5098         return (NULL);
5099 }
5100 
5101 static void *
5102 ztest_deadman_thread(void *arg)
5103 {
5104         ztest_shared_t *zs = arg;
5105         int grace = 300;
5106         hrtime_t delta;
5107 
5108         delta = (zs->zs_thread_stop - zs->zs_thread_start) / NANOSEC + grace;
5109 
5110         (void) poll(NULL, 0, (int)(1000 * delta));
5111 
5112         fatal(0, "failed to complete within %d seconds of deadline", grace);
5113 
5114         return (NULL);
5115 }
5116 
5117 static void
5118 ztest_execute(int test, ztest_info_t *zi, uint64_t id)
5119 {
5120         ztest_ds_t *zd = &ztest_ds[id % ztest_opts.zo_datasets];
5121         ztest_shared_callstate_t *zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(test);
5122         hrtime_t functime = gethrtime();
5123 
5124         for (int i = 0; i < zi->zi_iters; i++)
5125                 zi->zi_func(zd, id);
5126 
5127         functime = gethrtime() - functime;
5128 
5129         atomic_add_64(&zc->zc_count, 1);
5130         atomic_add_64(&zc->zc_time, functime);
5131 
5132         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4) {
5133                 Dl_info dli;
5134                 (void) dladdr((void *)zi->zi_func, &dli);
5135                 (void) printf("%6.2f sec in %s\n",
5136                     (double)functime / NANOSEC, dli.dli_sname);
5137         }
5138 }
5139 
5140 static void *
5141 ztest_thread(void *arg)
5142 {
5143         int rand;
5144         uint64_t id = (uintptr_t)arg;
5145         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
5146         uint64_t call_next;
5147         hrtime_t now;
5148         ztest_info_t *zi;
5149         ztest_shared_callstate_t *zc;
5150 
5151         while ((now = gethrtime()) < zs->zs_thread_stop) {
5152                 /*
5153                  * See if it's time to force a crash.
5154                  */
5155                 if (now > zs->zs_thread_kill)
5156                         ztest_kill(zs);
5157 
5158                 /*
5159                  * If we're getting ENOSPC with some regularity, stop.
5160                  */
5161                 if (zs->zs_enospc_count > 10)
5162                         break;
5163 
5164                 /*
5165                  * Pick a random function to execute.
5166                  */
5167                 rand = ztest_random(ZTEST_FUNCS);
5168                 zi = &ztest_info[rand];
5169                 zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(rand);
5170                 call_next = zc->zc_next;
5171 
5172                 if (now >= call_next &&
5173                     atomic_cas_64(&zc->zc_next, call_next, call_next +
5174                     ztest_random(2 * zi->zi_interval[0] + 1)) == call_next) {
5175                         ztest_execute(rand, zi, id);
5176                 }
5177         }
5178 
5179         return (NULL);
5180 }
5181 
5182 static void
5183 ztest_dataset_name(char *dsname, char *pool, int d)
5184 {
5185         (void) snprintf(dsname, MAXNAMELEN, "%s/ds_%d", pool, d);
5186 }
5187 
5188 static void
5189 ztest_dataset_destroy(int d)
5190 {
5191         char name[MAXNAMELEN];
5192 
5193         ztest_dataset_name(name, ztest_opts.zo_pool, d);
5194 
5195         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3)
5196                 (void) printf("Destroying %s to free up space\n", name);
5197 
5198         /*
5199          * Cleanup any non-standard clones and snapshots.  In general,
5200          * ztest thread t operates on dataset (t % zopt_datasets),
5201          * so there may be more than one thing to clean up.
5202          */
5203         for (int t = d; t < ztest_opts.zo_threads;
5204             t += ztest_opts.zo_datasets) {
5205                 ztest_dsl_dataset_cleanup(name, t);
5206         }
5207 
5208         (void) dmu_objset_find(name, ztest_objset_destroy_cb, NULL,
5209             DS_FIND_SNAPSHOTS | DS_FIND_CHILDREN);
5210 }
5211 
5212 static void
5213 ztest_dataset_dirobj_verify(ztest_ds_t *zd)
5214 {
5215         uint64_t usedobjs, dirobjs, scratch;
5216 
5217         /*
5218          * ZTEST_DIROBJ is the object directory for the entire dataset.
5219          * Therefore, the number of objects in use should equal the
5220          * number of ZTEST_DIROBJ entries, +1 for ZTEST_DIROBJ itself.
5221          * If not, we have an object leak.
5222          *
5223          * Note that we can only check this in ztest_dataset_open(),
5224          * when the open-context and syncing-context values agree.
5225          * That's because zap_count() returns the open-context value,
5226          * while dmu_objset_space() returns the rootbp fill count.
5227          */
5228         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_count(zd->zd_os, ZTEST_DIROBJ, &dirobjs));
5229         dmu_objset_space(zd->zd_os, &scratch, &scratch, &usedobjs, &scratch);
5230         ASSERT3U(dirobjs + 1, ==, usedobjs);
5231 }
5232 
5233 static int
5234 ztest_dataset_open(int d)
5235 {
5236         ztest_ds_t *zd = &ztest_ds[d];
5237         uint64_t committed_seq = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_DS(d)->zd_seq;
5238         objset_t *os;
5239         zilog_t *zilog;
5240         char name[MAXNAMELEN];
5241         int error;
5242 
5243         ztest_dataset_name(name, ztest_opts.zo_pool, d);
5244 
5245         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5246 
5247         error = ztest_dataset_create(name);
5248         if (error == ENOSPC) {
5249                 (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5250                 ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
5251                 return (error);
5252         }
5253         ASSERT(error == 0 || error == EEXIST);
5254 
5255         VERIFY3U(dmu_objset_hold(name, zd, &os), ==, 0);
5256         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5257 
5258         ztest_zd_init(zd, ZTEST_GET_SHARED_DS(d), os);
5259 
5260         zilog = zd->zd_zilog;
5261 
5262         if (zilog->zl_header->zh_claim_lr_seq != 0 &&
5263             zilog->zl_header->zh_claim_lr_seq < committed_seq)
5264                 fatal(0, "missing log records: claimed %llu < committed %llu",
5265                     zilog->zl_header->zh_claim_lr_seq, committed_seq);
5266 
5267         ztest_dataset_dirobj_verify(zd);
5268 
5269         zil_replay(os, zd, ztest_replay_vector);
5270 
5271         ztest_dataset_dirobj_verify(zd);
5272 
5273         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
5274                 (void) printf("%s replay %llu blocks, %llu records, seq %llu\n",
5275                     zd->zd_name,
5276                     (u_longlong_t)zilog->zl_parse_blk_count,
5277                     (u_longlong_t)zilog->zl_parse_lr_count,
5278                     (u_longlong_t)zilog->zl_replaying_seq);
5279 
5280         zilog = zil_open(os, ztest_get_data);
5281 
5282         if (zilog->zl_replaying_seq != 0 &&
5283             zilog->zl_replaying_seq < committed_seq)
5284                 fatal(0, "missing log records: replayed %llu < committed %llu",
5285                     zilog->zl_replaying_seq, committed_seq);
5286 
5287         return (0);
5288 }
5289 
5290 static void
5291 ztest_dataset_close(int d)
5292 {
5293         ztest_ds_t *zd = &ztest_ds[d];
5294 
5295         zil_close(zd->zd_zilog);
5296         dmu_objset_rele(zd->zd_os, zd);
5297 
5298         ztest_zd_fini(zd);
5299 }
5300 
5301 /*
5302  * Kick off threads to run tests on all datasets in parallel.
5303  */
5304 static void
5305 ztest_run(ztest_shared_t *zs)
5306 {
5307         thread_t *tid;
5308         spa_t *spa;
5309         objset_t *os;
5310         thread_t resume_tid;
5311         int error;
5312 
5313         ztest_exiting = B_FALSE;
5314 
5315         /*
5316          * Initialize parent/child shared state.
5317          */
5318         VERIFY(_mutex_init(&ztest_vdev_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
5319         VERIFY(rwlock_init(&ztest_name_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
5320 
5321         zs->zs_thread_start = gethrtime();
5322         zs->zs_thread_stop =
5323             zs->zs_thread_start + ztest_opts.zo_passtime * NANOSEC;
5324         zs->zs_thread_stop = MIN(zs->zs_thread_stop, zs->zs_proc_stop);
5325         zs->zs_thread_kill = zs->zs_thread_stop;
5326         if (ztest_random(100) < ztest_opts.zo_killrate) {
5327                 zs->zs_thread_kill -=
5328                     ztest_random(ztest_opts.zo_passtime * NANOSEC);
5329         }
5330 
5331         (void) _mutex_init(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL);
5332 
5333         list_create(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, sizeof (ztest_cb_data_t),
5334             offsetof(ztest_cb_data_t, zcd_node));
5335 
5336         /*
5337          * Open our pool.
5338          */
5339         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
5340         VERIFY(spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG) == 0);
5341         spa->spa_debug = B_TRUE;
5342         ztest_spa = spa;
5343 
5344         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_objset_hold(ztest_opts.zo_pool, FTAG, &os));
5345         zs->zs_guid = dmu_objset_fsid_guid(os);
5346         dmu_objset_rele(os, FTAG);
5347 
5348         spa->spa_dedup_ditto = 2 * ZIO_DEDUPDITTO_MIN;
5349 
5350         /*
5351          * We don't expect the pool to suspend unless maxfaults == 0,
5352          * in which case ztest_fault_inject() temporarily takes away
5353          * the only valid replica.
5354          */
5355         if (MAXFAULTS() == 0)
5356                 spa->spa_failmode = ZIO_FAILURE_MODE_WAIT;
5357         else
5358                 spa->spa_failmode = ZIO_FAILURE_MODE_PANIC;
5359 
5360         /*
5361          * Create a thread to periodically resume suspended I/O.
5362          */
5363         VERIFY(thr_create(0, 0, ztest_resume_thread, spa, THR_BOUND,
5364             &resume_tid) == 0);
5365 
5366         /*
5367          * Create a deadman thread to abort() if we hang.
5368          */
5369         VERIFY(thr_create(0, 0, ztest_deadman_thread, zs, THR_BOUND,
5370             NULL) == 0);
5371 
5372         /*
5373          * Verify that we can safely inquire about about any object,
5374          * whether it's allocated or not.  To make it interesting,
5375          * we probe a 5-wide window around each power of two.
5376          * This hits all edge cases, including zero and the max.
5377          */
5378         for (int t = 0; t < 64; t++) {
5379                 for (int d = -5; d <= 5; d++) {
5380                         error = dmu_object_info(spa->spa_meta_objset,
5381                             (1ULL << t) + d, NULL);
5382                         ASSERT(error == 0 || error == ENOENT ||
5383                             error == EINVAL);
5384                 }
5385         }
5386 
5387         /*
5388          * If we got any ENOSPC errors on the previous run, destroy something.
5389          */
5390         if (zs->zs_enospc_count != 0) {
5391                 int d = ztest_random(ztest_opts.zo_datasets);
5392                 ztest_dataset_destroy(d);
5393         }
5394         zs->zs_enospc_count = 0;
5395 
5396         tid = umem_zalloc(ztest_opts.zo_threads * sizeof (thread_t),
5397             UMEM_NOFAIL);
5398 
5399         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4)
5400                 (void) printf("starting main threads...\n");
5401 
5402         /*
5403          * Kick off all the tests that run in parallel.
5404          */
5405         for (int t = 0; t < ztest_opts.zo_threads; t++) {
5406                 if (t < ztest_opts.zo_datasets &&
5407                     ztest_dataset_open(t) != 0)
5408                         return;
5409                 VERIFY(thr_create(0, 0, ztest_thread, (void *)(uintptr_t)t,
5410                     THR_BOUND, &tid[t]) == 0);
5411         }
5412 
5413         /*
5414          * Wait for all of the tests to complete.  We go in reverse order
5415          * so we don't close datasets while threads are still using them.
5416          */
5417         for (int t = ztest_opts.zo_threads - 1; t >= 0; t--) {
5418                 VERIFY(thr_join(tid[t], NULL, NULL) == 0);
5419                 if (t < ztest_opts.zo_datasets)
5420                         ztest_dataset_close(t);
5421         }
5422 
5423         txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
5424 
5425         zs->zs_alloc = metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_normal_class(spa));
5426         zs->zs_space = metaslab_class_get_space(spa_normal_class(spa));
5427 
5428         umem_free(tid, ztest_opts.zo_threads * sizeof (thread_t));
5429 
5430         /* Kill the resume thread */
5431         ztest_exiting = B_TRUE;
5432         VERIFY(thr_join(resume_tid, NULL, NULL) == 0);
5433         ztest_resume(spa);
5434 
5435         /*
5436          * Right before closing the pool, kick off a bunch of async I/O;
5437          * spa_close() should wait for it to complete.
5438          */
5439         for (uint64_t object = 1; object < 50; object++)
5440                 dmu_prefetch(spa->spa_meta_objset, object, 0, 1ULL << 20);
5441 
5442         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5443 
5444         /*
5445          * Verify that we can loop over all pools.
5446          */
5447         mutex_enter(&spa_namespace_lock);
5448         for (spa = spa_next(NULL); spa != NULL; spa = spa_next(spa))
5449                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose > 3)
5450                         (void) printf("spa_next: found %s\n", spa_name(spa));
5451         mutex_exit(&spa_namespace_lock);
5452 
5453         /*
5454          * Verify that we can export the pool and reimport it under a
5455          * different name.
5456          */
5457         if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
5458                 char name[MAXNAMELEN];
5459                 (void) snprintf(name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s_import",
5460                     ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5461                 ztest_spa_import_export(ztest_opts.zo_pool, name);
5462                 ztest_spa_import_export(name, ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5463         }
5464 
5465         kernel_fini();
5466 
5467         list_destroy(&zcl.zcl_callbacks);
5468 
5469         (void) _mutex_destroy(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
5470 
5471         (void) rwlock_destroy(&ztest_name_lock);
5472         (void) _mutex_destroy(&ztest_vdev_lock);
5473 }
5474 
5475 static void
5476 ztest_freeze(void)
5477 {
5478         ztest_ds_t *zd = &ztest_ds[0];
5479         spa_t *spa;
5480         int numloops = 0;
5481 
5482         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3)
5483                 (void) printf("testing spa_freeze()...\n");
5484 
5485         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
5486         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG));
5487         VERIFY3U(0, ==, ztest_dataset_open(0));
5488 
5489         /*
5490          * Force the first log block to be transactionally allocated.
5491          * We have to do this before we freeze the pool -- otherwise
5492          * the log chain won't be anchored.
5493          */
5494         while (BP_IS_HOLE(&zd->zd_zilog->zl_header->zh_log)) {
5495                 ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free(zd, 0);
5496                 zil_commit(zd->zd_zilog, 0);
5497         }
5498 
5499         txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
5500 
5501         /*
5502          * Freeze the pool.  This stops spa_sync() from doing anything,
5503          * so that the only way to record changes from now on is the ZIL.
5504          */
5505         spa_freeze(spa);
5506 
5507         /*
5508          * Run tests that generate log records but don't alter the pool config
5509          * or depend on DSL sync tasks (snapshots, objset create/destroy, etc).
5510          * We do a txg_wait_synced() after each iteration to force the txg
5511          * to increase well beyond the last synced value in the uberblock.
5512          * The ZIL should be OK with that.
5513          */
5514         while (ztest_random(10) != 0 &&
5515             numloops++ < ztest_opts.zo_maxloops) {
5516                 ztest_dmu_write_parallel(zd, 0);
5517                 ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free(zd, 0);
5518                 txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
5519         }
5520 
5521         /*
5522          * Commit all of the changes we just generated.
5523          */
5524         zil_commit(zd->zd_zilog, 0);
5525         txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
5526 
5527         /*
5528          * Close our dataset and close the pool.
5529          */
5530         ztest_dataset_close(0);
5531         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5532         kernel_fini();
5533 
5534         /*
5535          * Open and close the pool and dataset to induce log replay.
5536          */
5537         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
5538         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG));
5539         VERIFY3U(0, ==, ztest_dataset_open(0));
5540         ztest_dataset_close(0);
5541         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5542         kernel_fini();
5543 }
5544 
5545 void
5546 print_time(hrtime_t t, char *timebuf)
5547 {
5548         hrtime_t s = t / NANOSEC;
5549         hrtime_t m = s / 60;
5550         hrtime_t h = m / 60;
5551         hrtime_t d = h / 24;
5552 
5553         s -= m * 60;
5554         m -= h * 60;
5555         h -= d * 24;
5556 
5557         timebuf[0] = '\0';
5558 
5559         if (d)
5560                 (void) sprintf(timebuf,
5561                     "%llud%02lluh%02llum%02llus", d, h, m, s);
5562         else if (h)
5563                 (void) sprintf(timebuf, "%lluh%02llum%02llus", h, m, s);
5564         else if (m)
5565                 (void) sprintf(timebuf, "%llum%02llus", m, s);
5566         else
5567                 (void) sprintf(timebuf, "%llus", s);
5568 }
5569 
5570 static nvlist_t *
5571 make_random_props()
5572 {
5573         nvlist_t *props;
5574 
5575         if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
5576                 return (NULL);
5577 
5578         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&props, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
5579         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(props, "autoreplace", 1) == 0);
5580 
5581         return (props);
5582 }
5583 
5584 /*
5585  * Create a storage pool with the given name and initial vdev size.
5586  * Then test spa_freeze() functionality.
5587  */
5588 static void
5589 ztest_init(ztest_shared_t *zs)
5590 {
5591         spa_t *spa;
5592         nvlist_t *nvroot, *props;
5593 
5594         VERIFY(_mutex_init(&ztest_vdev_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
5595         VERIFY(rwlock_init(&ztest_name_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
5596 
5597         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
5598 
5599         /*
5600          * Create the storage pool.
5601          */
5602         (void) spa_destroy(ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5603         ztest_shared->zs_vdev_next_leaf = 0;
5604         zs->zs_splits = 0;
5605         zs->zs_mirrors = ztest_opts.zo_mirrors;
5606         nvroot = make_vdev_root(NULL, NULL, ztest_opts.zo_vdev_size, 0,
5607             0, ztest_opts.zo_raidz, zs->zs_mirrors, 1);
5608         props = make_random_props();
5609         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_create(ztest_opts.zo_pool, nvroot, props,
5610             NULL, NULL));
5611         nvlist_free(nvroot);
5612 
5613         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG));
5614         zs->zs_metaslab_sz =
5615             1ULL << spa->spa_root_vdev->vdev_child[0]->vdev_ms_shift;
5616         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5617 
5618         kernel_fini();
5619 
5620         ztest_run_zdb(ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5621 
5622         ztest_freeze();
5623 
5624         ztest_run_zdb(ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5625 
5626         (void) rwlock_destroy(&ztest_name_lock);
5627         (void) _mutex_destroy(&ztest_vdev_lock);
5628 }
5629 
5630 static void
5631 setup_fds(void)
5632 {
5633         int fd;
5634 
5635         char *tmp = tempnam(NULL, NULL);
5636         fd = open(tmp, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0700);
5637         ASSERT3U(fd, ==, ZTEST_FD_DATA);
5638         (void) unlink(tmp);
5639         free(tmp);
5640 
5641         fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
5642         ASSERT3U(fd, ==, ZTEST_FD_RAND);
5643 }
5644 
5645 static void
5646 setup_hdr(void)
5647 {
5648         ztest_shared_hdr_t *hdr;
5649 
5650         hdr = (void *)mmap(0, P2ROUNDUP(sizeof (*hdr), getpagesize()),
5651             PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, ZTEST_FD_DATA, 0);
5652         ASSERT(hdr != MAP_FAILED);
5653 
5654         hdr->zh_hdr_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_hdr_t);
5655         hdr->zh_opts_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_opts_t);
5656         hdr->zh_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_t);
5657         hdr->zh_stats_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_callstate_t);
5658         hdr->zh_stats_count = ZTEST_FUNCS;
5659         hdr->zh_ds_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_ds_t);
5660         hdr->zh_ds_count = ztest_opts.zo_datasets;
5661 
5662         (void) munmap((caddr_t)hdr, P2ROUNDUP(sizeof (*hdr), getpagesize()));
5663 }
5664 
5665 static void
5666 setup_data(void)
5667 {
5668         int size, offset;
5669         ztest_shared_hdr_t *hdr;
5670         uint8_t *buf;
5671 
5672         hdr = (void *)mmap(0, P2ROUNDUP(sizeof (*hdr), getpagesize()),
5673             PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, ZTEST_FD_DATA, 0);
5674         ASSERT(hdr != MAP_FAILED);
5675 
5676         size = hdr->zh_hdr_size;
5677         size += hdr->zh_opts_size;
5678         size += hdr->zh_size;
5679         size += hdr->zh_stats_size * hdr->zh_stats_count;
5680         size += hdr->zh_ds_size * hdr->zh_ds_count;
5681 
5682         (void) munmap((caddr_t)hdr, P2ROUNDUP(sizeof (*hdr), getpagesize()));
5683         hdr = ztest_shared_hdr = (void *)mmap(0, P2ROUNDUP(size, getpagesize()),
5684             PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, ZTEST_FD_DATA, 0);
5685         ASSERT(hdr != MAP_FAILED);
5686         buf = (uint8_t *)hdr;
5687 
5688         offset = hdr->zh_hdr_size;
5689         ztest_shared_opts = (void *)&buf[offset];
5690         offset += hdr->zh_opts_size;
5691         ztest_shared = (void *)&buf[offset];
5692         offset += hdr->zh_size;
5693         ztest_shared_callstate = (void *)&buf[offset];
5694         offset += hdr->zh_stats_size * hdr->zh_stats_count;
5695         ztest_shared_ds = (void *)&buf[offset];
5696 }
5697 
5698 static boolean_t
5699 exec_child(char *cmd, char *libpath, boolean_t ignorekill, int *statusp)
5700 {
5701         pid_t pid;
5702         int status;
5703         char cmdbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
5704 
5705         pid = fork();
5706 
5707         if (cmd == NULL) {
5708                 (void) strlcpy(cmdbuf, getexecname(), sizeof (cmdbuf));
5709                 cmd = cmdbuf;
5710         }
5711 
5712         if (pid == -1)
5713                 fatal(1, "fork failed");
5714 
5715         if (pid == 0) { /* child */
5716                 char *emptyargv[2] = { cmd, NULL };
5717 
5718                 struct rlimit rl = { 1024, 1024 };
5719                 (void) setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl);
5720                 (void) enable_extended_FILE_stdio(-1, -1);
5721                 if (libpath != NULL)
5722                         VERIFY(0 == setenv("LD_LIBRARY_PATH", libpath, 1));
5723                 (void) execv(cmd, emptyargv);
5724                 ztest_dump_core = B_FALSE;
5725                 fatal(B_TRUE, "exec failed: %s", cmd);
5726         }
5727 
5728         while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid)
5729                 continue;
5730         if (statusp != NULL)
5731                 *statusp = status;
5732 
5733         if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
5734                 if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
5735                         (void) fprintf(stderr, "child exited with code %d\n",
5736                             WEXITSTATUS(status));
5737                         exit(2);
5738                 }
5739                 return (B_FALSE);
5740         } else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
5741                 if (!ignorekill || WTERMSIG(status) != SIGKILL) {
5742                         (void) fprintf(stderr, "child died with signal %d\n",
5743                             WTERMSIG(status));
5744                         exit(3);
5745                 }
5746                 return (B_TRUE);
5747         } else {
5748                 (void) fprintf(stderr, "something strange happened to child\n");
5749                 exit(4);
5750                 /* NOTREACHED */
5751         }
5752 }
5753 
5754 static void
5755 ztest_run_init(void)
5756 {
5757         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
5758 
5759         ASSERT(ztest_opts.zo_init != 0);
5760 
5761         /*
5762          * Blow away any existing copy of zpool.cache
5763          */
5764         (void) remove(spa_config_path);
5765 
5766         /*
5767          * Create and initialize our storage pool.
5768          */
5769         for (int i = 1; i <= ztest_opts.zo_init; i++) {
5770                 bzero(zs, sizeof (ztest_shared_t));
5771                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3 &&
5772                     ztest_opts.zo_init != 1) {
5773                         (void) printf("ztest_init(), pass %d\n", i);
5774                 }
5775                 ztest_init(zs);
5776         }
5777 }
5778 
5779 int
5780 main(int argc, char **argv)
5781 {
5782         int kills = 0;
5783         int iters = 0;
5784         int older = 0;
5785         int newer = 0;
5786         ztest_shared_t *zs;
5787         ztest_info_t *zi;
5788         ztest_shared_callstate_t *zc;
5789         char timebuf[100];
5790         char numbuf[6];
5791         spa_t *spa;
5792         char cmd[MAXNAMELEN];
5793         boolean_t hasalt;
5794 
5795         boolean_t ischild = (0 == lseek(ZTEST_FD_DATA, 0, SEEK_CUR));
5796         ASSERT(ischild || errno == EBADF);
5797 
5798         (void) setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IOLBF, 0);
5799 
5800         if (!ischild) {
5801                 process_options(argc, argv);
5802 
5803                 setup_fds();
5804                 setup_hdr();
5805                 setup_data();
5806                 bcopy(&ztest_opts, ztest_shared_opts,
5807                     sizeof (*ztest_shared_opts));
5808         } else {
5809                 setup_data();
5810                 bcopy(ztest_shared_opts, &ztest_opts, sizeof (ztest_opts));
5811         }
5812         ASSERT3U(ztest_opts.zo_datasets, ==, ztest_shared_hdr->zh_ds_count);
5813 
5814         /* Override location of zpool.cache */
5815         (void) asprintf((char **)&spa_config_path, "%s/zpool.cache",
5816             ztest_opts.zo_dir);
5817 
5818         ztest_ds = umem_alloc(ztest_opts.zo_datasets * sizeof (ztest_ds_t),
5819             UMEM_NOFAIL);
5820         zs = ztest_shared;
5821 
5822         if (ischild) {
5823                 metaslab_gang_bang = ztest_opts.zo_metaslab_gang_bang;
5824                 metaslab_df_alloc_threshold =
5825                     zs->zs_metaslab_df_alloc_threshold;
5826 
5827                 if (zs->zs_do_init)
5828                         ztest_run_init();
5829                 else
5830                         ztest_run(zs);
5831                 exit(0);
5832         }
5833 
5834         hasalt = (strlen(ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest) != 0);
5835 
5836         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
5837                 (void) printf("%llu vdevs, %d datasets, %d threads,"
5838                     " %llu seconds...\n",
5839                     (u_longlong_t)ztest_opts.zo_vdevs,
5840                     ztest_opts.zo_datasets,
5841                     ztest_opts.zo_threads,
5842                     (u_longlong_t)ztest_opts.zo_time);
5843         }
5844 
5845         (void) strlcpy(cmd, getexecname(), sizeof (cmd));
5846 
5847         zs->zs_do_init = B_TRUE;
5848         if (strlen(ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest) != 0) {
5849                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
5850                         (void) printf("Executing older ztest for "
5851                             "initialization: %s\n", ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest);
5852                 }
5853                 VERIFY(!exec_child(ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest,
5854                     ztest_opts.zo_alt_libpath, B_FALSE, NULL));
5855         } else {
5856                 VERIFY(!exec_child(NULL, NULL, B_FALSE, NULL));
5857         }
5858         zs->zs_do_init = B_FALSE;
5859 
5860         zs->zs_proc_start = gethrtime();
5861         zs->zs_proc_stop = zs->zs_proc_start + ztest_opts.zo_time * NANOSEC;
5862 
5863         for (int f = 0; f < ZTEST_FUNCS; f++) {
5864                 zi = &ztest_info[f];
5865                 zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(f);
5866                 if (zs->zs_proc_start + zi->zi_interval[0] > zs->zs_proc_stop)
5867                         zc->zc_next = UINT64_MAX;
5868                 else
5869                         zc->zc_next = zs->zs_proc_start +
5870                             ztest_random(2 * zi->zi_interval[0] + 1);
5871         }
5872 
5873         /*
5874          * Run the tests in a loop.  These tests include fault injection
5875          * to verify that self-healing data works, and forced crashes
5876          * to verify that we never lose on-disk consistency.
5877          */
5878         while (gethrtime() < zs->zs_proc_stop) {
5879                 int status;
5880                 boolean_t killed;
5881 
5882                 /*
5883                  * Initialize the workload counters for each function.
5884                  */
5885                 for (int f = 0; f < ZTEST_FUNCS; f++) {
5886                         zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(f);
5887                         zc->zc_count = 0;
5888                         zc->zc_time = 0;
5889                 }
5890 
5891                 /* Set the allocation switch size */
5892                 zs->zs_metaslab_df_alloc_threshold =
5893                     ztest_random(zs->zs_metaslab_sz / 4) + 1;
5894 
5895                 if (!hasalt || ztest_random(2) == 0) {
5896                         if (hasalt && ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
5897                                 (void) printf("Executing newer ztest: %s\n",
5898                                     cmd);
5899                         }
5900                         newer++;
5901                         killed = exec_child(cmd, NULL, B_TRUE, &status);
5902                 } else {
5903                         if (hasalt && ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
5904                                 (void) printf("Executing older ztest: %s\n",
5905                                     ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest);
5906                         }
5907                         older++;
5908                         killed = exec_child(ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest,
5909                             ztest_opts.zo_alt_libpath, B_TRUE, &status);
5910                 }
5911 
5912                 if (killed)
5913                         kills++;
5914                 iters++;
5915 
5916                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
5917                         hrtime_t now = gethrtime();
5918 
5919                         now = MIN(now, zs->zs_proc_stop);
5920                         print_time(zs->zs_proc_stop - now, timebuf);
5921                         nicenum(zs->zs_space, numbuf);
5922 
5923                         (void) printf("Pass %3d, %8s, %3llu ENOSPC, "
5924                             "%4.1f%% of %5s used, %3.0f%% done, %8s to go\n",
5925                             iters,
5926                             WIFEXITED(status) ? "Complete" : "SIGKILL",
5927                             (u_longlong_t)zs->zs_enospc_count,
5928                             100.0 * zs->zs_alloc / zs->zs_space,
5929                             numbuf,
5930                             100.0 * (now - zs->zs_proc_start) /
5931                             (ztest_opts.zo_time * NANOSEC), timebuf);
5932                 }
5933 
5934                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 2) {
5935                         (void) printf("\nWorkload summary:\n\n");
5936                         (void) printf("%7s %9s   %s\n",
5937                             "Calls", "Time", "Function");
5938                         (void) printf("%7s %9s   %s\n",
5939                             "-----", "----", "--------");
5940                         for (int f = 0; f < ZTEST_FUNCS; f++) {
5941                                 Dl_info dli;
5942 
5943                                 zi = &ztest_info[f];
5944                                 zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(f);
5945                                 print_time(zc->zc_time, timebuf);
5946                                 (void) dladdr((void *)zi->zi_func, &dli);
5947                                 (void) printf("%7llu %9s   %s\n",
5948                                     (u_longlong_t)zc->zc_count, timebuf,
5949                                     dli.dli_sname);
5950                         }
5951                         (void) printf("\n");
5952                 }
5953 
5954                 /*
5955                  * It's possible that we killed a child during a rename test,
5956                  * in which case we'll have a 'ztest_tmp' pool lying around
5957                  * instead of 'ztest'.  Do a blind rename in case this happened.
5958                  */
5959                 kernel_init(FREAD);
5960                 if (spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG) == 0) {
5961                         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5962                 } else {
5963                         char tmpname[MAXNAMELEN];
5964                         kernel_fini();
5965                         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
5966                         (void) snprintf(tmpname, sizeof (tmpname), "%s_tmp",
5967                             ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5968                         (void) spa_rename(tmpname, ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5969                 }
5970                 kernel_fini();
5971 
5972                 ztest_run_zdb(ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5973         }
5974 
5975         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
5976                 if (hasalt) {
5977                         (void) printf("%d runs of older ztest: %s\n", older,
5978                             ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest);
5979                         (void) printf("%d runs of newer ztest: %s\n", newer,
5980                             cmd);
5981                 }
5982                 (void) printf("%d killed, %d completed, %.0f%% kill rate\n",
5983                     kills, iters - kills, (100.0 * kills) / MAX(1, iters));
5984         }
5985 
5986         return (0);
5987 }