1 DLADM(1M)                    Maintenance Commands                    DLADM(1M)
   2 
   3 
   4 
   5 NAME
   6        dladm - administer data links
   7 
   8 SYNOPSIS
   9        dladm show-link [-P] [-s [-i interval]] [[-p] -o field[,...]] [link]
  10        dladm rename-link [-R root-dir] [-z zonename] link new-link
  11 
  12 
  13        dladm delete-phys phys-link
  14        dladm show-phys [-m | -H | -P] [[-p] -o field[,...]] [phys-link]
  15 
  16 
  17        dladm create-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] [-P policy] [-L mode]
  18             [-T time] [-u address] -l ether-link1 [-l ether-link2...] aggr-link
  19        dladm modify-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] [-P policy] [-L mode]
  20             [-T time] [-u address] aggr-link
  21        dladm delete-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] aggr-link
  22        dladm add-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] -l ether-link1 [-l ether-link2...]
  23             aggr-link
  24        dladm remove-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] -l ether-link1 [-l ether-link2...]
  25             aggr-link
  26        dladm show-aggr [-PLx] [-s [-i interval]] [[-p] -o field[,...]]
  27             [aggr-link]
  28 
  29 
  30        dladm create-bridge [-P protect] [-R root-dir] [-p priority]
  31             [-m max-age] [-h hello-time] [-d forward-delay] [-f force-protocol]
  32             [-l link...] bridge-name
  33 
  34 
  35        dladm modify-bridge [-P protect] [-R root-dir] [-p priority]
  36             [-m max-age] [-h hello-time] [-d forward-delay] [-f force-protocol]
  37             bridge-name
  38 
  39 
  40        dladm delete-bridge [-R root-dir] bridge-name
  41 
  42 
  43        dladm add-bridge [-R root-dir] -l link [-l link...]bridge-name
  44 
  45 
  46        dladm remove-bridge [-R root-dir] -l link [-l link...] bridge-name
  47 
  48 
  49        dladm show-bridge [-flt] [-s [-i interval]] [[-p] -o field,...]
  50             [bridge-name]
  51 
  52 
  53        dladm create-vlan [-ft] [-R root-dir] -l ether-link -v vid [vlan-link]
  54        dladm delete-vlan [-t] [-R root-dir] vlan-link
  55        dladm show-vlan [-P] [[-p] -o field[,...]] [vlan-link]
  56 
  57 
  58        dladm scan-wifi [[-p] -o field[,...]] [wifi-link]
  59        dladm connect-wifi [-e essid] [-i bssid] [-k key,...]
  60             [-s none | wep | wpa ] [-a open | shared] [-b bss | ibss] [-c]
  61             [-m a | b | g] [-T time] [wifi-link]
  62        dladm disconnect-wifi [-a] [wifi-link]
  63        dladm show-wifi [[-p] -o field[,...]] [wifi-link]
  64 
  65 
  66        dladm show-ether [-x] [[-p] -o field[,...]] [ether-link]
  67 
  68 
  69        dladm set-linkprop [-t] [-R root-dir] [-z zonename] -p prop=value[,...]
  70             link
  71        dladm reset-linkprop [-t] [-R root-dir] [-z zonename] [-p prop[,...]] link
  72        dladm show-linkprop [-P] [-z zonename] [[-c] -o field[,...]]
  73             [-p prop[,...]] [link]
  74 
  75 
  76        dladm create-secobj [-t] [-R root-dir] [-f file] -c class secobj
  77        dladm delete-secobj [-t] [-R root-dir] secobj[,...]
  78        dladm show-secobj [-P] [[-p] -o field[,...]] [secobj,...]
  79 
  80 
  81        dladm create-vnic [-t] -l link [-R root-dir] [-m value | auto |
  82             {factory -n slot-identifier]} | {random [-r prefix]}]
  83             [-v vlan-id] [-p prop=value[,...]] vnic-link
  84        dladm delete-vnic [-t] [-R root-dir] [-z zonename] vnic-link
  85        dladm show-vnic [-pP] [-s [-i interval]] [-o field[,...]]
  86             [-l link] [-z zonename] [vnic-link]
  87 
  88 
  89        dladm create-etherstub [-t] [-R root-dir] etherstub
  90        dladm delete-etherstub [-t] [-R root-dir] etherstub
  91        dladm show-etherstub [etherstub]
  92 
  93 
  94        dladm create-iptun [-t] [-R root-dir] -T type [-s tsrc] [-d tdst]
  95             iptun-link
  96        dladm modify-iptun [-t] [-R root-dir] [-s tsrc] [-d tdst] iptun-link
  97        dladm delete-iptun [-t] [-R root-dir] iptun-link
  98        dladm show-iptun [-P] [[-p] -o field[,...]] [iptun-link]
  99 
 100 
 101        dladm show-usage [-a] -f filename [-p plotfile -F format] [-s time]
 102             [-e time] [link]
 103 
 104 
 105 DESCRIPTION
 106        The dladm command is used to administer data-links. A data-link is
 107        represented in the system as a STREAMS DLPI (v2) interface which can be
 108        plumbed under protocol stacks such as TCP/IP. Each data-link relies on
 109        either a single network device or an aggregation of devices to send
 110        packets to or receive packets from a network.
 111 
 112 
 113        Each dladm subcommand operates on one of the following objects:
 114 
 115        link
 116            A datalink, identified by a name. In general, the name can use any
 117            alphanumeric characters (or the underscore, _), but must start with
 118            an alphabetic character and end with a number. A datalink name can
 119            be at most 31 characters, and the ending number must be between 0
 120            and 4294967294 (inclusive). The ending number must not begin with a
 121            zero. Datalink names between 3 and 8 characters are recommended.
 122 
 123            Some subcommands operate only on certain types or classes of
 124            datalinks. For those cases, the following object names are used:
 125 
 126            phys-link
 127                A physical datalink.
 128 
 129 
 130            vlan-link
 131                A VLAN datalink.
 132 
 133 
 134            aggr-link
 135                An aggregation datalink (or a key; see NOTES).
 136 
 137 
 138            ether-link
 139                A physical Ethernet datalink.
 140 
 141 
 142            wifi-link
 143                A WiFi datalink.
 144 
 145 
 146            vnic-link
 147                A virtual network interface created on a link or an etherstub.
 148                It is a pseudo device that can be treated as if it were an
 149                network interface card on a machine.
 150 
 151 
 152            iptun-link
 153                An IP tunnel link.
 154 
 155 
 156 
 157        dev
 158            A network device, identified by concatenation of a driver name and
 159            an instance number.
 160 
 161 
 162        etherstub
 163            An Ethernet stub can be used instead of a physical NIC to create
 164            VNICs. VNICs created on an etherstub will appear to be connected
 165            through a virtual switch, allowing complete virtual networks to be
 166            built without physical hardware.
 167 
 168 
 169        bridge
 170            A bridge instance, identified by an administratively-chosen name.
 171            The name may use any alphanumeric characters or the underscore, _,
 172            but must start and end with an alphabetic character. A bridge name
 173            can be at most 31 characters.  The name default is reserved, as are
 174            all names starting with SUNW.
 175 
 176            Note that appending a zero (0) to a bridge name produces a valid
 177            link name, used for observability.
 178 
 179 
 180        secobj
 181            A secure object, identified by an administratively-chosen name. The
 182            name can use any alphanumeric characters, as well as underscore
 183            (_), period (.), and hyphen (-). A secure object name can be at
 184            most 32 characters.
 185 
 186 
 187    Options
 188        Each dladm subcommand has its own set of options. However, many of the
 189        subcommands have the following as a common option:
 190 
 191        -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
 192            Specifies an alternate root directory where the operation-such as
 193            creation, deletion, or renaming-should apply.
 194 
 195 
 196    SUBCOMMANDS
 197        The following subcommands are supported:
 198 
 199        dladm show-link [-P] [-s [-i interval]] [[-p] -o field[,...]][link]
 200            Show link configuration information (the default) or statistics,
 201            either for all datalinks or for the specified link link. By
 202            default, the system is configured with one datalink for each known
 203            network device.
 204 
 205            -o field[,...], --output=field[,...]
 206                A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output fields to
 207                display. When not modified by the -s option (described below),
 208                the field name must be one of the fields listed below, or the
 209                special value all to display all fields. By default (without
 210                -o), show-link displays all fields.
 211 
 212                LINK
 213                    The name of the datalink.
 214 
 215 
 216                CLASS
 217                    The class of the datalink. dladm distinguishes between the
 218                    following classes:
 219 
 220                    phys
 221                        A physical datalink. The show-phys subcommand displays
 222                        more detail for this class of datalink.
 223 
 224 
 225                    aggr
 226                        An IEEE 802.3ad link aggregation. The show-aggr
 227                        subcommand displays more detail for this class of
 228                        datalink.
 229 
 230 
 231                    vlan
 232                        A VLAN datalink. The show-vlan subcommand displays more
 233                        detail for this class of datalink.
 234 
 235 
 236                    vnic
 237                        A virtual network interface. The show-vnic subcommand
 238                        displays more detail for this class of datalink.
 239 
 240 
 241 
 242                MTU
 243                    The maximum transmission unit size for the datalink being
 244                    displayed.
 245 
 246 
 247                STATE
 248                    The link state of the datalink. The state can be up, down,
 249                    or unknown.
 250 
 251 
 252                BRIDGE
 253                    The name of the bridge to which this link is assigned, if
 254                    any.
 255 
 256 
 257                OVER
 258                    The physical datalink(s) over which the datalink is
 259                    operating. This applies to aggr, bridge, and vlan classes
 260                    of datalinks. A VLAN is created over a single physical
 261                    datalink, a bridge has multiple attached links, and an
 262                    aggregation is comprised of one or more physical datalinks.
 263 
 264                When the -o option is used in conjunction with the -s option,
 265                used to display link statistics, the field name must be one of
 266                the fields listed below, or the special value all to display
 267                all fields
 268 
 269                LINK
 270                    The name of the datalink.
 271 
 272 
 273                IPACKETS
 274                    Number of packets received on this link.
 275 
 276 
 277                RBYTES
 278                    Number of bytes received on this link.
 279 
 280 
 281                IERRORS
 282                    Number of input errors.
 283 
 284 
 285                OPACKETS
 286                    Number of packets sent on this link.
 287 
 288 
 289                OBYTES
 290                    Number of bytes received on this link.
 291 
 292 
 293                OERRORS
 294                    Number of output errors.
 295 
 296 
 297 
 298            -p, --parseable
 299                Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The -o option is
 300                required with -p. See "Parseable Output Format", below.
 301 
 302 
 303            -P, --persistent
 304                Display the persistent link configuration.
 305 
 306 
 307            -s, --statistics
 308                Display link statistics.
 309 
 310 
 311            -i interval, --interval=interval
 312                Used with the -s option to specify an interval, in seconds, at
 313                which statistics should be displayed. If this option is not
 314                specified, statistics will be displayed only once.
 315 
 316 
 317 
 318        dladm rename-link [-R root-dir] [-z zonename] link new-link
 319            Rename link to new-link. This is used to give a link a meaningful
 320            name, or to associate existing link configuration such as link
 321            properties of a removed device with a new device. See the EXAMPLES
 322            section for specific examples of how this subcommand is used.
 323 
 324            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
 325                See "Options," above.
 326 
 327 
 328            -z zonename
 329                A link assigned to a zone can only be renamed while the zone is
 330                in the ready state.
 331 
 332 
 333 
 334        dladm delete-phys phys-link
 335            This command is used to delete the persistent configuration of a
 336            link associated with physical hardware which has been removed from
 337            the system. See the EXAMPLES section.
 338 
 339 
 340        dladm show-phys [-m | -H | -P] [[-p] -o field[,...]] [phys-link]
 341            Show the physical device and attributes of all physical links, or
 342            of the named physical link. Without -P, only physical links that are
 343            available on the running system are displayed.
 344 
 345            -H
 346                Show hardware resource usage, as returned by the NIC driver.
 347                Output from -H displays the following elements:
 348 
 349                LINK
 350                    A physical device corresponding to a NIC driver.
 351 
 352 
 353                GROUP
 354                    A collection of rings.
 355 
 356 
 357                GROUPTYPE
 358                    RX or TX. All rings in a group are of the same group type.
 359 
 360 
 361                RINGS
 362                    A hardware resource used by a data link, subject to
 363                    assignment by a driver to different groups.
 364 
 365 
 366                CLIENTS
 367                    MAC clients that are using the rings within a group.
 368 
 369 
 370 
 371            -m
 372                Show MAC addresses and related information. Output from -m
 373                displays the following elements:
 374 
 375                LINK
 376                    A physical device corresponding to a NIC driver.
 377 
 378                SLOT
 379                    When a given physical device has multiple factory MAC
 380                    addresses, this indicates the slot of the corresponding MAC
 381                    address which can be used as part of a call to create-vnic.
 382 
 383                ADDRESS
 384                    Displays the MAC address of the device.
 385 
 386                INUSE
 387                    Displays whether or not a MAC Address is actively being
 388                    used.
 389 
 390                CLIENT
 391                    MAC clients that are using the address.
 392 
 393            -o field, --output=field
 394                A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output fields to
 395                display. The field name must be one of the fields listed below,
 396                or the special value all, to display all fields. Note that if
 397                either -H or -m are specified, then the valid options are those
 398                described in their respective sections. For each link, the
 399                following fields can be displayed:
 400 
 401                LINK
 402                    The name of the datalink.
 403 
 404 
 405                MEDIA
 406                    The media type provided by the physical datalink.
 407 
 408 
 409                STATE
 410                    The state of the link. This can be up, down, or unknown.
 411 
 412 
 413                SPEED
 414                    The current speed of the link, in megabits per second.
 415 
 416 
 417                DUPLEX
 418                    For Ethernet links, the full/half duplex status of the link
 419                    is displayed if the link state is up. The duplex is
 420                    displayed as unknown in all other cases.
 421 
 422 
 423                DEVICE
 424                    The name of the physical device under this link.
 425 
 426 
 427 
 428            -p, --parseable
 429                Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The -o option is
 430                required with -p. See "Parseable Output Format", below.
 431 
 432 
 433            -P, --persistent
 434                This option displays persistent configuration for all links,
 435                including those that have been removed from the system. The
 436                output provides a FLAGS column in which the r flag indicates
 437                that the physical device associated with a physical link has
 438                been removed. For such links, delete-phys can be used to purge
 439                the link's configuration from the system.
 440 
 441 
 442 
 443        dladm create-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] [-P policy] [-L mode] [-T time] [-u
 444        address] -l ether-link1 [-l ether-link2...]  aggr-link
 445            Combine a set of links into a single IEEE 802.3ad link aggregation
 446            named aggr-link. The use of an integer key to generate a link name
 447            for the aggregation is also supported for backward compatibility.
 448            Many of the *-aggr subcommands below also support the use of a key
 449            to refer to a given aggregation, but use of the aggregation link
 450            name is preferred. See the NOTES section for more information on
 451            keys.
 452 
 453            dladm supports a number of port selection policies for an
 454            aggregation of ports. (See the description of the -P option, below.)
 455            If you do not specify a policy, create-aggr uses the default, the L4
 456            policy, described under the -P option.
 457 
 458            -l ether-link, --link=ether-link
 459                Each Ethernet link (or port) in the aggregation is specified
 460                using an -l option followed by the name of the link to be
 461                included in the aggregation.  Multiple links are included in
 462                the aggregation by specifying multiple -l options. For backward
 463                compatibility with previous versions of Solaris, the dladm
 464                command also supports the using the -d option (or --dev) with a
 465                device name to specify links by their underlying device name.
 466                The other *-aggr subcommands that take -loptions also accept -d.
 467 
 468 
 469            -t, --temporary
 470                Specifies that the aggregation is temporary. Temporary
 471                aggregations last until the next reboot.
 472 
 473 
 474            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
 475                See "Options," above.
 476 
 477 
 478            -P policy, --policy=policy
 479                Specifies the port selection policy to use for load spreading
 480                of outbound traffic. The policy specifies which dev object is
 481                used to send packets. A policy is a list of one or more layers
 482                specifiers separated by commas. A layer specifier is one of the
 483                following:
 484 
 485                L2
 486                    Select outbound device according to source and destination
 487                    MAC addresses of the packet.
 488 
 489 
 490                L3
 491                    Select outbound device according to source and destination
 492                    IP addresses of the packet.
 493 
 494 
 495                L4
 496                    Select outbound device according to the upper layer
 497                    protocol information contained in the packet. For TCP and
 498                    UDP, this includes source and destination ports. For IPsec,
 499                    this includes the SPI (Security Parameters Index).
 500 
 501                For example, to use upper layer protocol information, the
 502                following policy can be used:
 503 
 504                  -P L4
 505 
 506 
 507                Note that policy L4 is the default.
 508 
 509                To use the source and destination MAC addresses as well as the
 510                source and destination IP addresses, the following policy can
 511                be used:
 512 
 513                  -P L2,L3
 514 
 515 
 516 
 517 
 518            -L mode, --lacp-mode=mode
 519                Specifies whether LACP should be used and, if used, the mode in
 520                which it should operate. Supported values are off, active or
 521                passive.
 522 
 523 
 524            -T time, --lacp-timer=time
 525                Specifies the LACP timer value. The supported values are short
 526                or longjjj.
 527 
 528 
 529            -u address, --unicast=address
 530                Specifies a fixed unicast hardware address to be used for the
 531                aggregation. If this option is not specified, then an address
 532                is automatically chosen from the set of addresses of the
 533                component devices.
 534 
 535 
 536 
 537        dladm modify-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] [-P policy] [-L mode] [-T time] [-u
 538        address] aggr-link
 539            Modify the parameters of the specified aggregation.
 540 
 541            -t, --temporary
 542                Specifies that the modification is temporary. Temporary
 543                aggregations last until the next reboot.
 544 
 545 
 546            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
 547                See "Options," above.
 548 
 549 
 550            -P policy, --policy=policy
 551                Specifies the port selection policy to use for load spreading
 552                of outbound traffic. See dladm create-aggr for a description of
 553                valid policy values.
 554 
 555 
 556            -L mode, --lacp-mode=mode
 557                Specifies whether LACP should be used and, if used, the mode in
 558                which it should operate. Supported values are off, active, or
 559                passive.
 560 
 561 
 562            -T time, --lacp-timer=time
 563                Specifies the LACP timer value. The supported values are short
 564                or long.
 565 
 566 
 567            -u address, --unicast=address
 568                Specifies a fixed unicast hardware address to be used for the
 569                aggregation. If this option is not specified, then an address
 570                is automatically chosen from the set of addresses of the
 571                component devices.
 572 
 573 
 574 
 575        dladm delete-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] aggr-link
 576            Deletes the specified aggregation.
 577 
 578            -t, --temporary
 579                Specifies that the deletion is temporary. Temporary deletions
 580                last until the next reboot.
 581 
 582 
 583            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
 584                See "Options," above.
 585 
 586 
 587 
 588        dladm add-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] -l ether-link1 [--link=ether-link2...] aggr-
 589        link
 590            Adds links to the specified aggregation.
 591 
 592            -l ether-link, --link=ether-link
 593                Specifies an Ethernet link to add to the aggregation. Multiple
 594                links can be added by supplying multiple -l options.
 595 
 596 
 597            -t, --temporary
 598                Specifies that the additions are temporary. Temporary additions
 599                last until the next reboot.
 600 
 601 
 602            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
 603                See "Options," above.
 604 
 605 
 606 
 607        dladm remove-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] -l ether-link1 [--l=ether-link2...] aggr-
 608        link
 609            Removes links from the specified aggregation.
 610 
 611            -l ether-link, --link=ether-link
 612                Specifies an Ethernet link to remove from the aggregation.
 613                Multiple links can be added by supplying multiple -l options.
 614 
 615 
 616            -t, --temporary
 617                Specifies that the removals are temporary. Temporary removal
 618                last until the next reboot.
 619 
 620 
 621            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
 622                See "Options," above.
 623 
 624 
 625 
 626        dladm show-aggr [-PLx] [-s [-i interval]] [[-p] -o field[,...]] [aggr-link]
 627            Show aggregation configuration (the default), LACP information, or
 628            statistics, either for all aggregations or for the specified
 629            aggregation.
 630 
 631            By default (with no options), the following fields can be
 632            displayed:
 633 
 634            LINK
 635                The name of the aggregation link.
 636 
 637 
 638            POLICY
 639                The LACP policy of the aggregation. See the create-aggr -P option
 640                for a description of the possible values.
 641 
 642 
 643            ADDRPOLICY
 644                Either auto, if the aggregation is configured to automatically
 645                configure its unicast MAC address (the default if the -u option
 646                was not used to create or modify the aggregation), or fixed, if
 647                -u was used to set a fixed MAC address.
 648 
 649 
 650            LACPACTIVITY
 651                The LACP mode of the aggregation. Possible values are off,
 652                active, or passive, as set by the -l option to create-aggr or
 653                modify-aggr.
 654 
 655 
 656            LACPTIMER
 657                The LACP timer value of the aggregation as set by the -T option
 658                of create-aggr or modify-aggr.
 659 
 660 
 661            FLAGS
 662                A set of state flags associated with the aggregation. The only
 663                possible flag is f, which is displayed if the administrator
 664                forced the creation the aggregation using the -f option to
 665                create-aggr. Other flags might be defined in the future.
 666 
 667            The show-aggr command accepts the following options:
 668 
 669            -L, --lacp
 670                Displays detailed LACP information for the aggregation link and
 671                each underlying port. Most of the state information displayed
 672                by this option is defined by IEEE 802.3. With this option, the
 673                following fields can be displayed:
 674 
 675                LINK
 676                    The name of the aggregation link.
 677 
 678 
 679                PORT
 680                    The name of one of the underlying aggregation ports.
 681 
 682 
 683                AGGREGATABLE
 684                    Whether the port can be added to the aggregation.
 685 
 686 
 687                SYNC
 688                    If yes, the system considers the port to be synchronized
 689                    and part of the aggregation.
 690 
 691 
 692                COLL
 693                    If yes, collection of incoming frames is enabled on the
 694                    associated port.
 695 
 696 
 697                DIST
 698                    If yes, distribution of outgoing frames is enabled on the
 699                    associated port.
 700 
 701 
 702                DEFAULTED
 703                    If yes, the port is using defaulted partner information
 704                    (that is, has not received LACP data from the LACP
 705                    partner).
 706 
 707 
 708                EXPIRED
 709                    If yes, the receive state of the port is in the EXPIRED
 710                    state.
 711 
 712 
 713 
 714            -x, --extended
 715                Display additional aggregation information including detailed
 716                information on each underlying port. With -x, the following
 717                fields can be displayed:
 718 
 719                LINK
 720                    The name of the aggregation link.
 721 
 722 
 723                PORT
 724                    The name of one of the underlying aggregation ports.
 725 
 726 
 727                SPEED
 728                    The speed of the link or port in megabits per second.
 729 
 730 
 731                DUPLEX
 732                    The full/half duplex status of the link or port is
 733                    displayed if the link state is up. The duplex status is
 734                    displayed as unknown in all other cases.
 735 
 736 
 737                STATE
 738                    The link state. This can be up, down, or unknown.
 739 
 740 
 741                ADDRESS
 742                    The MAC address of the link or port.
 743 
 744 
 745                PORTSTATE
 746                    This indicates whether the individual aggregation port is
 747                    in the standby or attached state.
 748 
 749 
 750 
 751            -o field[,...], --output=field[,...]
 752                A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output fields to
 753                display. The field name must be one of the fields listed above,
 754                or the special value all, to display all fields. The fields
 755                applicable to the -o option are limited to those listed under
 756                each output mode. For example, if using -L, only the fields
 757                listed under -L, above, can be used with -o.
 758 
 759 
 760            -p, --parseable
 761                Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The -o option is
 762                required with -p. See "Parseable Output Format", below.
 763 
 764 
 765            -P, --persistent
 766                Display the persistent aggregation configuration rather than
 767                the state of the running system.
 768 
 769 
 770            -s, --statistics
 771                Displays aggregation statistics.
 772 
 773 
 774            -i interval, --interval=interval
 775                Used with the -s option to specify an interval, in seconds, at
 776                which statistics should be displayed. If this option is not
 777                specified, statistics will be displayed only once.
 778 
 779 
 780 
 781        dladm create-bridge [ -P protect] [-R root-dir] [ -p priority] [ -m max-age] [
 782        -h hello-time] [ -d forward-delay] [ -f force-protocol] [-l link...] bridge-
 783        name
 784            Create an 802.1D bridge instance and optionally assign one or more
 785            network links to the new bridge. By default, no bridge instances
 786            are present on the system.
 787 
 788            In order to bridge between links, you must create at least one
 789            bridge instance.  Each bridge instance is separate, and there is no
 790            forwarding connection between bridges.
 791 
 792            -P protect, --protect=protect
 793                Specifies a protection method. The defined protection methods
 794                are stp for the Spanning Tree Protocol and trill for TRILL,
 795                which is used on RBridges. The default value is stp.
 796 
 797 
 798            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
 799                See "Options," above.
 800 
 801 
 802            -p priority, --priority=priority
 803                Specifies the Bridge Priority. This sets the IEEE STP priority
 804                value for determining the root bridge node in the network. The
 805                default value is 32768. Valid values are 0 (highest priority)
 806                to 61440 (lowest priority), in increments of 4096.
 807 
 808                If a value not evenly divisible by 4096 is used, the system
 809                silently rounds downward to the next lower value that is
 810                divisible by 4096.
 811 
 812 
 813            -m max-age, --max-age=max-age
 814                Specifies the maximum age for configuration information in
 815                seconds. This sets the STP Bridge Max Age parameter. This value
 816                is used for all nodes in the network if this node is the root
 817                bridge. Bridge link information older than this time is
 818                discarded. It defaults to 20 seconds. Valid values are from 6
 819                to 40 seconds. See the -d forward-delay parameter for additional
 820                constraints.
 821 
 822 
 823            -h hello-time, --hello-time=hello-time
 824                Specifies the STP Bridge Hello Time parameter. When this node
 825                is the root node, it sends Configuration BPDUs at this interval
 826                throughout the network. The default value is 2 seconds. Valid
 827                values are from 1 to 10 seconds. See the -d forward-delay
 828                parameter for additional constraints.
 829 
 830 
 831            -d forward-delay, --forward-delay=forward-delay
 832                Specifies the STP Bridge Forward Delay parameter. When this
 833                node is the root node, then all bridges in the network use this
 834                timer to sequence the link states when a port is enabled. The
 835                default value is 15 seconds. Valid values are from 4 to 30
 836                seconds.
 837 
 838                Bridges must obey the following two constraints:
 839 
 840                  2 * (forward-delay - 1.0) >= max-age
 841 
 842                  max-age >= 2 *      (hello-time + 1.0)
 843 
 844 
 845                Any parameter setting that would violate those constraints is
 846                treated as an error and causes the command to fail with a
 847                diagnostic message. The message provides valid alternatives to
 848                the supplied values.
 849 
 850 
 851            -f force-protocol, --force-protocol=force-protocol
 852                Specifies the MSTP forced maximum supported protocol. The
 853                default value is 3.  Valid values are non-negative integers. The
 854                current implementation does not support RSTP or MSTP, so this
 855                currently has no effect. However, to prevent MSTP from being
 856                used in the future, the parameter may be set to 0 for STP only
 857                or 2 for STP and RSTP.
 858 
 859 
 860            -l link, --link=link
 861                Specifies one or more links to add to the newly-created bridge.
 862                This is similar to creating the bridge and then adding one or
 863                more links, as with the add-bridge subcommand. However, if any
 864                of the links cannot be added, the entire command fails, and the
 865                new bridge itself is not created. To add multiple links on the
 866                same command line, repeat this option for each link. You are
 867                permitted to create bridges without links. For more information
 868                about link assignments, see the add-bridge subcommand.
 869 
 870            Bridge creation and link assignment require the PRIV_SYS_DL_CONFIG
 871            privilege. Bridge creation might fail if the optional bridging
 872            feature is not installed on the system.
 873 
 874 
 875        dladm modify-bridge [ -P protect] [-R root-dir] [ -p priority] [ -m max-age] [
 876        -h hello-time] [ -d forward-delay] [ -f force-protocol] [-l link...] bridge-
 877        name
 878            Modify the operational parameters of an existing bridge. The
 879            options are the same as for the create-bridge subcommand, except
 880            that the -l option is not permitted. To add links to an existing
 881            bridge, use the add-bridge subcommand.
 882 
 883            Bridge parameter modification requires the PRIV_SYS_DL_CONFIG
 884            privilege.
 885 
 886 
 887        dladm delete-bridge [-R root-dir] bridge-name
 888            Delete a bridge instance. The bridge being deleted must not have
 889            any attached links. Use the remove-bridge subcommand to deactivate
 890            links before deleting a bridge.
 891 
 892            Bridge deletion requires the PRIV_SYS_DL_CONFIG privilege.
 893 
 894            The -R (--root-dir) option is the same as for the create-bridge
 895            subcommand.
 896 
 897 
 898        dladm add-bridge [-R root-dir] -l link [-l link...] bridge-name
 899            Add one or more links to an existing bridge. If multiple links are
 900            specified, and adding any one of them results in an error, the
 901            command fails and no changes are made to the system.
 902 
 903            Link addition to a bridge requires the PRIV_SYS_DL_CONFIG
 904            privilege.
 905 
 906            A link may be a member of at most one bridge. An error occurs when
 907            you attempt to add a link that already belongs to another bridge.
 908            To move a link from one bridge instance to another, remove it from
 909            the current bridge before adding it to a new one.
 910 
 911            The links assigned to a bridge must not also be VLANs, VNICs, or
 912            tunnels. Only physical Ethernet datalinks, aggregation datalinks,
 913            wireless links, and Ethernet stubs are permitted to be assigned to
 914            a bridge.
 915 
 916            Links assigned to a bridge must all have the same MTU. This is
 917            checked when the link is assigned. The link is added to the bridge
 918            in a deactivated form if it is not the first link on the bridge and
 919            it has a differing MTU.
 920 
 921            Note that systems using bridging should not set the eeprom(1M)
 922            local-mac-address? variable to false.
 923 
 924            The options are the same as for the create-bridge subcommand.
 925 
 926 
 927        dladm remove-bridge [-R root-dir] -l link [-l link...] bridge-name
 928            Remove one or more links from a bridge instance. If multiple links
 929            are specified, and removing any one of them would result in an
 930            error, the command fails and none are removed.
 931 
 932            Link removal from a bridge requires the PRIV_SYS_DL_CONFIG
 933            privilege.
 934 
 935            The options are the same as for the create-bridge subcommand.
 936 
 937 
 938        dladm show-bridge [-flt] [-s [-i interval]] [[-p] -o field,...] [bridge-name]
 939            Show the running status and configuration of bridges, their
 940            attached links, learned forwarding entries, and TRILL nickname
 941            databases. When showing overall bridge status and configuration,
 942            the bridge name can be omitted to show all bridges. The other forms
 943            require a specified bridge.
 944 
 945            The show-bridge subcommand accepts the following options:
 946 
 947            -i interval, --interval=interval
 948                Used with the -s option to specify an interval, in seconds, at
 949                which statistics should be displayed. If this option is not
 950                specified, statistics will be displayed only once.
 951 
 952 
 953            -s, --statistics
 954                Display statistics for the specified bridges or for a given
 955                bridge's attached links. This option cannot be used with the -f
 956                and -t options.
 957 
 958 
 959            -p, --parseable
 960                Display using a stable machine-parsable format. See "Parsable
 961                Output Format," below.
 962 
 963 
 964            -o field[,...], --output=field[,...]
 965                A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output fields to
 966                display. The field names are described below. The special value
 967                all displays all fields. Each set of fields has its own default
 968                set to display when -o is not specified.
 969 
 970            By default, the show-bridge subcommand shows bridge configuration.
 971            The following fields can be shown:
 972 
 973            BRIDGE
 974                The name of the bridge.
 975 
 976 
 977            ADDRESS
 978                The Bridge Unique Identifier value (MAC address).
 979 
 980 
 981            PRIORITY
 982                Configured priority value; set by -p with create-bridge and
 983                modify-bridge.
 984 
 985 
 986            BMAXAGE
 987                Configured bridge maximum age; set by -m with create-bridge and
 988                modify-bridge.
 989 
 990 
 991            BHELLOTIME
 992                Configured bridge hello time; set by -h with create-bridge and
 993                modify-bridge.
 994 
 995 
 996            BFWDDELAY
 997                Configured forwarding delay; set by -d with create-bridge and
 998                modify-bridge.
 999 
1000 
1001            FORCEPROTO
1002                Configured forced maximum protocol; set by -f with create-bridge
1003                and modify-bridge.
1004 
1005 
1006            TCTIME
1007                Time, in seconds, since last topology change.
1008 
1009 
1010            TCCOUNT
1011                Count of the number of topology changes.
1012 
1013 
1014            TCHANGE
1015                This indicates that a topology change was detected.
1016 
1017 
1018            DESROOT
1019                Bridge Identifier of the root node.
1020 
1021 
1022            ROOTCOST
1023                Cost of the path to the root node.
1024 
1025 
1026            ROOTPORT
1027                Port number used to reach the root node.
1028 
1029 
1030            MAXAGE
1031                Maximum age value from the root node.
1032 
1033 
1034            HELLOTIME
1035                Hello time value from the root node.
1036 
1037 
1038            FWDDELAY
1039                Forward delay value from the root node.
1040 
1041 
1042            HOLDTIME
1043                Minimum BPDU interval.
1044 
1045            By default, when the -o option is not specified, only the BRIDGE,
1046            ADDRESS, PRIORITY, and DESROOT fields are shown.
1047 
1048            When the -s option is specified, the show-bridge subcommand shows
1049            bridge statistics. The following fields can be shown:
1050 
1051            BRIDGE
1052                Bridge name.
1053 
1054 
1055            DROPS
1056                Number of packets dropped due to resource problems.
1057 
1058 
1059            FORWARDS
1060                Number of packets forwarded from one link to another.
1061 
1062 
1063            MBCAST
1064                Number of multicast and broadcast packets handled by the
1065                bridge.
1066 
1067 
1068            RECV
1069                Number of packets received on all attached links.
1070 
1071 
1072            SENT
1073                Number of packets sent on all attached links.
1074 
1075 
1076            UNKNOWN
1077                Number of packets handled that have an unknown destination.
1078                Such packets are sent to all links.
1079 
1080            By default, when the -o option is not specified, only the BRIDGE,
1081            DROPS, and FORWARDS fields are shown.
1082 
1083            The show-bridge subcommand also accepts the following options:
1084 
1085            -l, --link
1086                Displays link-related status and statistics information for all
1087                links attached to a single bridge instance. By using this
1088                option and without the -s option, the following fields can be
1089                displayed for each link:
1090 
1091                LINK
1092                    The link name.
1093 
1094 
1095                INDEX
1096                    Port (link) index number on the bridge.
1097 
1098 
1099                STATE
1100                    State of the link. The state can be disabled, discarding,
1101                    learning, forwarding, non-stp, or bad-mtu.
1102 
1103 
1104                UPTIME
1105                    Number of seconds since the last reset or initialization.
1106 
1107 
1108                OPERCOST
1109                    Actual cost in use (1-65535).
1110 
1111 
1112                OPERP2P
1113                    This indicates whether point-to-point (P2P) mode been
1114                    detected.
1115 
1116 
1117                OPEREDGE
1118                    This indicates whether edge mode has been detected.
1119 
1120 
1121                DESROOT
1122                    The Root Bridge Identifier that has been seen on this port.
1123 
1124 
1125                DESCOST
1126                    Path cost to the network root node through the designated
1127                    port.
1128 
1129 
1130                DESBRIDGE
1131                    Bridge Identifier for this port.
1132 
1133 
1134                DESPORT
1135                    The ID and priority of the port used to transmit
1136                    configuration messages for this port.
1137 
1138 
1139                TCACK
1140                    This indicates whether Topology Change Acknowledge has been
1141                    seen.
1142 
1143                When the -l option is specified without the -o option, only the
1144                LINK, STATE, UPTIME, and DESROOT fields are shown.
1145 
1146                When the -l option is specified, the -s option can be used to
1147                display the following fields for each link:
1148 
1149                LINK
1150                    Link name.
1151 
1152 
1153                CFGBPDU
1154                    Number of configuration BPDUs received.
1155 
1156 
1157                TCNBPDU
1158                    Number of topology change BPDUs received.
1159 
1160 
1161                RSTPBPDU
1162                    Number of Rapid Spanning Tree BPDUs received.
1163 
1164 
1165                TXBPDU
1166                    Number of BPDUs transmitted.
1167 
1168 
1169                DROPS
1170                    Number of packets dropped due to resource problems.
1171 
1172 
1173                RECV
1174                    Number of packets received by the bridge.
1175 
1176 
1177                XMIT
1178                    Number of packets sent by the bridge.
1179 
1180                When the -o option is not specified, only the LINK, DROPS, RECV,
1181                and XMIT fields are shown.
1182 
1183 
1184            -f, --forwarding
1185                Displays forwarding entries for a single bridge instance. With
1186                this option, the following fields can be shown for each
1187                forwarding entry:
1188 
1189                DEST
1190                    Destination MAC address.
1191 
1192 
1193                AGE
1194                    Age of entry in seconds and milliseconds. Omitted for local
1195                    entries.
1196 
1197 
1198                FLAGS
1199                    The L (local) flag is shown if the MAC address belongs to
1200                    an attached link or to a VNIC on one of the attached links.
1201 
1202 
1203                OUTPUT
1204                    For local entries, this is the name of the attached link
1205                    that has the MAC address. Otherwise, for bridges that use
1206                    Spanning Tree Protocol, this is the output interface name.
1207                    For RBridges, this is the output TRILL nickname.
1208 
1209                When the -o option is not specified, the DEST, AGE, FLAGS, and
1210                OUTPUT fields are shown.
1211 
1212 
1213            -t, --trill
1214                Displays TRILL nickname entries for a single bridge instance.
1215                With this option, the following fields can be shown for each
1216                TRILL nickname entry:
1217 
1218                NICK
1219                    TRILL nickname for this RBridge, which is a number from 1
1220                    to 65535.
1221 
1222 
1223                FLAGS
1224                    The L flag is shown if the nickname identifies the local
1225                    system.
1226 
1227 
1228                LINK
1229                    Link name for output when sending messages to this RBridge.
1230 
1231 
1232                NEXTHOP
1233                    MAC address of the next hop RBridge that is used to reach
1234                    the RBridge with this nickname.
1235 
1236                When the -o option is not specified, the NICK, FLAGS, LINK, and
1237                NEXTHOP fields are shown.
1238 
1239 
1240 
1241        dladm create-vlan [-ft] [-R root-dir] -l ether-link -v vid [vlan-link]
1242            Create a tagged VLAN link with an ID of vid over Ethernet link
1243            ether-link. The name of the VLAN link can be specified as vlan-link.
1244            If the name is not specified, a name will be automatically
1245            generated (assuming that ether-link is namePPA) as:
1246 
1247              <name><1000 * vlan-tag + PPA>
1248 
1249 
1250            For example, if ether-link is bge1 and vid is 2, the name generated
1251            is bge2001.
1252 
1253            -f, --force
1254                Force the creation of the VLAN link. Some devices do not allow
1255                frame sizes large enough to include a VLAN header. When
1256                creating a VLAN link over such a device, the -f option is
1257                needed, and the MTU of the IP interfaces on the resulting VLAN
1258                must be set to 1496 instead of 1500.
1259 
1260 
1261            -l ether-link
1262                Specifies Ethernet link over which VLAN is created.
1263 
1264 
1265            -t, --temporary
1266                Specifies that the VLAN link is temporary. Temporary VLAN links
1267                last until the next reboot.
1268 
1269 
1270            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
1271                See "Options," above.
1272 
1273 
1274 
1275        dladm delete-vlan [-t] [-R root-dir] vlan-link
1276            Delete the VLAN link specified.
1277 
1278            The delete-vlansubcommand accepts the following options:
1279 
1280            -t, --temporary
1281                Specifies that the deletion is temporary. Temporary deletions
1282                last until the next reboot.
1283 
1284 
1285            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
1286                See "Options," above.
1287 
1288 
1289 
1290        dladm show-vlan [-P] [[-p] -o field[,...]] [vlan-link]
1291            Display VLAN configuration for all VLAN links or for the specified
1292            VLAN link.
1293 
1294            The show-vlansubcommand accepts the following options:
1295 
1296            -o field[,...], --output=field[,...]
1297                A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output fields to
1298                display. The field name must be one of the fields listed below,
1299                or the special value all, to display all fields. For each VLAN
1300                link, the following fields can be displayed:
1301 
1302                LINK
1303                    The name of the VLAN link.
1304 
1305 
1306                VID
1307                    The ID associated with the VLAN.
1308 
1309 
1310                OVER
1311                    The name of the physical link over which this VLAN is
1312                    configured.
1313 
1314 
1315                FLAGS
1316                    A set of flags associated with the VLAN link. Possible
1317                    flags are:
1318 
1319                    f
1320                        The VLAN was created using the -f option to create-vlan.
1321 
1322 
1323                    i
1324                        The VLAN was implicitly created when the DLPI link was
1325                        opened. These VLAN links are automatically deleted on
1326                        last close of the DLPI link (for example, when the IP
1327                        interface associated with the VLAN link is unplumbed).
1328 
1329                    Additional flags might be defined in the future.
1330 
1331 
1332 
1333            -p, --parseable
1334                Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The -o option is
1335                required with -p. See "Parseable Output Format", below.
1336 
1337 
1338            -P, --persistent
1339                Display the persistent VLAN configuration rather than the state
1340                of the running system.
1341 
1342 
1343 
1344        dladm scan-wifi [[-p] -o field[,...]] [wifi-link]
1345            Scans for WiFi networks, either on all WiFi links, or just on the
1346            specified wifi-link.
1347 
1348            By default, currently all fields but BSSTYPE are displayed.
1349 
1350            -o field[,...], --output=field[,...]
1351                A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output fields to
1352                display. The field name must be one of the fields listed below,
1353                or the special value all to display all fields. For each WiFi
1354                network found, the following fields can be displayed:
1355 
1356                LINK
1357                    The name of the link the WiFi network is on.
1358 
1359 
1360                ESSID
1361                    The ESSID (name) of the WiFi network.
1362 
1363 
1364                BSSID
1365                    Either the hardware address of the WiFi network's Access
1366                    Point (for BSS networks), or the WiFi network's randomly
1367                    generated unique token (for IBSS networks).
1368 
1369 
1370                SEC
1371                    Either none for a WiFi network that uses no security, wep
1372                    for a WiFi network that requires WEP (Wired Equivalent
1373                    Privacy), or wpa for a WiFi network that requires WPA (Wi-Fi
1374                    Protected Access).
1375 
1376 
1377                MODE
1378                    The supported connection modes: one or more of a, b, or g.
1379 
1380 
1381                STRENGTH
1382                    The strength of the signal: one of excellent, very good,
1383                    good, weak, or very weak.
1384 
1385 
1386                SPEED
1387                    The maximum speed of the WiFi network, in megabits per
1388                    second.
1389 
1390 
1391                BSSTYPE
1392                    Either bss for BSS (infrastructure) networks, or ibss for
1393                    IBSS (ad-hoc) networks.
1394 
1395 
1396 
1397            -p, --parseable
1398                Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The -o option is
1399                required with -p. See "Parseable Output Format", below.
1400 
1401 
1402 
1403        dladm connect-wifi [-e essid] [-i bssid] [-k key,...] [-s none | wep | wpa]
1404        [-a open|shared] [-b bss|ibss] [-c] [-m a|b|g] [-T time] [wifi-link]
1405            Connects to a WiFi network. This consists of four steps: discovery,
1406            filtration, prioritization, and association. However, to enable
1407            connections to non-broadcast WiFi networks and to improve
1408            performance, if a BSSID or ESSID is specified using the -e or -i
1409            options, then the first three steps are skipped and connect-wifi
1410            immediately attempts to associate with a BSSID or ESSID that
1411            matches the rest of the provided parameters. If this association
1412            fails, but there is a possibility that other networks matching the
1413            specified criteria exist, then the traditional discovery process
1414            begins as specified below.
1415 
1416            The discovery step finds all available WiFi networks on the
1417            specified WiFi link, which must not yet be connected. For
1418            administrative convenience, if there is only one WiFi link on the
1419            system, wifi-link can be omitted.
1420 
1421            Once discovery is complete, the list of networks is filtered
1422            according to the value of the following options:
1423 
1424            -e essid, --essid=essid
1425                Networks that do not have the same essid are filtered out.
1426 
1427 
1428            -b bss|ibss, --bsstype=bss|ibss
1429                Networks that do not have the same bsstype are filtered out.
1430 
1431 
1432            -m a|b|g, --mode=a|b|g
1433                Networks not appropriate for the specified 802.11 mode are
1434                filtered out.
1435 
1436 
1437            -k key,..., --key=key, ...
1438                Use the specified secobj named by the key to connect to the
1439                network.  Networks not appropriate for the specified keys are
1440                filtered out.
1441 
1442 
1443            -s none|wep|wpa, --sec=none|wep|wpa
1444                Networks not appropriate for the specified security mode are
1445                filtered out.
1446 
1447            Next, the remaining networks are prioritized, first by signal
1448            strength, and then by maximum speed. Finally, an attempt is made to
1449            associate with each network in the list, in order, until one
1450            succeeds or no networks remain.
1451 
1452            In addition to the options described above, the following options
1453            also control the behavior of connect-wifi:
1454 
1455            -a open|shared, --auth=open|shared
1456                Connect using the specified authentication mode. By default,
1457                open and shared are tried in order.
1458 
1459 
1460            -c, --create-ibss
1461                Used with -b ibss to create a new ad-hoc network if one matching
1462                the specified ESSID cannot be found. If no ESSID is specified,
1463                then -c -b ibss always triggers the creation of a new ad-hoc
1464                network.
1465 
1466 
1467            -T time, --timeout=time
1468                Specifies the number of seconds to wait for association to
1469                succeed. If time is forever, then the associate will wait
1470                indefinitely. The current default is ten seconds, but this
1471                might change in the future. Timeouts shorter than the default
1472                might not succeed reliably.
1473 
1474 
1475            -k key,..., --key=key,...
1476                In addition to the filtering previously described, the
1477                specified keys will be used to secure the association. The
1478                security mode to use will be based on the key class; if a
1479                security mode was explicitly specified, it must be compatible
1480                with the key class. All keys must be of the same class.
1481 
1482                For security modes that support multiple key slots, the slot to
1483                place the key will be specified by a colon followed by an
1484                index. Therefore, -k mykey:3 places mykey in slot 3. By default,
1485                slot 1 is assumed. For security modes that support multiple
1486                keys, a comma-separated list can be specified, with the first
1487                key being the active key.
1488 
1489 
1490 
1491        dladm disconnect-wifi [-a] [wifi-link]
1492            Disconnect from one or more WiFi networks. If wifi-link specifies a
1493            connected WiFi link, then it is disconnected. For administrative
1494            convenience, if only one WiFi link is connected, wifi-link can be
1495            omitted.
1496 
1497            -a, --all-links
1498                Disconnects from all connected links. This is primarily
1499                intended for use by scripts.
1500 
1501 
1502 
1503        dladm show-wifi [[-p] -o field,...] [wifi-link]
1504            Shows WiFi configuration information either for all WiFi links or
1505            for the specified link wifi-link.
1506 
1507            -o field,..., --output=field
1508                A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output fields to
1509                display. The field name must be one of the fields listed below,
1510                or the special value all, to display all fields. For each WiFi
1511                link, the following fields can be displayed:
1512 
1513                LINK
1514                    The name of the link being displayed.
1515 
1516 
1517                STATUS
1518                    Either connected if the link is connected, or disconnected
1519                    if it is not connected. If the link is disconnected, all
1520                    remaining fields have the value --.
1521 
1522 
1523                ESSID
1524                    The ESSID (name) of the connected WiFi network.
1525 
1526 
1527                BSSID
1528                    Either the hardware address of the WiFi network's Access
1529                    Point (for BSS networks), or the WiFi network's randomly
1530                    generated unique token (for IBSS networks).
1531 
1532 
1533                SEC
1534                    Either none for a WiFi network that uses no security, wep
1535                    for a WiFi network that requires WEP, or wpa for a WiFi
1536                    network that requires WPA.
1537 
1538 
1539                MODE
1540                    The supported connection modes: one or more of a, b, or g.
1541 
1542 
1543                STRENGTH
1544                    The connection strength: one of excellent, very good, good,
1545                    weak, or very weak.
1546 
1547 
1548                SPEED
1549                    The connection speed, in megabits per second.
1550 
1551 
1552                AUTH
1553                    Either open or shared (see connect-wifi).
1554 
1555 
1556                BSSTYPE
1557                    Either bss for BSS (infrastructure) networks, or ibss for
1558                    IBSS (ad-hoc) networks.
1559 
1560                By default, currently all fields but AUTH, BSSID, BSSTYPE are
1561                displayed.
1562 
1563 
1564            -p, --parseable
1565                Displays using a stable machine-parseable format. The -o option
1566                is required with -p. See "Parseable Output Format", below.
1567 
1568 
1569 
1570        dladm show-ether [-x] [[-p] -o field,...] [ether-link]
1571            Shows state information either for all physical Ethernet links or
1572            for a specified physical Ethernet link.
1573 
1574            The show-ether subcommand accepts the following options:
1575 
1576            -o field,..., --output=field
1577                A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output fields to
1578                display. The field name must be one of the fields listed below,
1579                or the special value all to display all fields. For each link,
1580                the following fields can be displayed:
1581 
1582                LINK
1583                    The name of the link being displayed.
1584 
1585 
1586                PTYPE
1587                    Parameter type, where current indicates the negotiated
1588                    state of the link, capable indicates capabilities supported
1589                    by the device, adv indicates the advertised capabilities,
1590                    and peeradv indicates the capabilities advertised by the
1591                    link-partner.
1592 
1593 
1594                STATE
1595                    The state of the link.
1596 
1597 
1598                AUTO
1599                    A yes/no value indicating whether auto-negotiation is
1600                    advertised.
1601 
1602 
1603                SPEED-DUPLEX
1604                    Combinations of speed and duplex values available. The
1605                    units of speed are encoded with a trailing suffix of G
1606                    (Gigabits/s) or M (Mb/s).  Duplex values are encoded as f
1607                    (full-duplex) or h (half-duplex).
1608 
1609 
1610                PAUSE
1611                    Flow control information. Can be no, indicating no flow
1612                    control is available; tx, indicating that the end-point can
1613                    transmit pause frames, but ignores any received pause
1614                    frames; rx, indicating that the end-point receives and acts
1615                    upon received pause frames; or bi, indicating bi-directional
1616                    flow-control.
1617 
1618 
1619                REM_FAULT
1620                    Fault detection information. Valid values are none or
1621                    fault.
1622 
1623                By default, all fields except REM_FAULT are displayed for the
1624                "current" PTYPE.
1625 
1626 
1627            -p, --parseable
1628                Displays using a stable machine-parseable format. The -o option
1629                is required with -p. See "Parseable Output Format", below.
1630 
1631 
1632            -x, --extended
1633                Extended output is displayed for PTYPE values of current,
1634                capable, adv and peeradv.
1635 
1636 
1637 
1638        dladm set-linkprop [-t] [-R root-dir] [-z zonename] -p prop=value[,...] link
1639            Sets the values of one or more properties on the link specified.
1640            The list of properties and their possible values depend on the link
1641            type, the network device driver, and networking hardware. These
1642            properties can be retrieved using show-linkprop.
1643 
1644            -t, --temporary
1645                Specifies that the changes are temporary. Temporary changes
1646                last until the next reboot.
1647 
1648 
1649            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
1650                See "Options," above.
1651 
1652 
1653            -z zonenme
1654                Operate on a link that has been delegated to the specified
1655                zone.
1656 
1657 
1658            -p prop=value[,...], --prop prop=value[,...]
1659                A comma-separated list of properties to set to the specified
1660                values.
1661 
1662            Note that when the persistent value is set, the temporary value
1663            changes to the same value.
1664 
1665 
1666        dladm reset-linkprop [-t] [-R root-dir] [-z zonename] [-p prop,...] link
1667            Resets one or more properties to their values on the link
1668            specified. Properties are reset to the values they had at startup.
1669            If no properties are specified, all properties are reset. See show-
1670            linkprop for a description of properties.
1671 
1672            -t, --temporary
1673                Specifies that the resets are temporary. Values are reset to
1674                default values.  Temporary resets last until the next reboot.
1675 
1676 
1677            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
1678                See "Options," above.
1679 
1680 
1681            -z zonenme
1682                Operate on a link that has been delegated to the specified
1683                zone.
1684 
1685 
1686            -p prop, ..., --prop=prop, ...
1687                A comma-separated list of properties to reset.
1688 
1689            Note that when the persistent value is reset, the temporary value
1690            changes to the same value.
1691 
1692 
1693        dladm show-linkprop [-P] [-z zonename] [[-c] -o field[,...]][-p prop[,...]]
1694        [link]
1695            Show the current or persistent values of one or more properties,
1696            either for all datalinks or for the specified link. By default,
1697            current values are shown. If no properties are specified, all
1698            available link properties are displayed. For each property, the
1699            following fields are displayed:
1700 
1701            -o field[,...], --output=field
1702                A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output fields to
1703                display. The field name must be one of the fields listed below,
1704                or the special value all to display all fields. For each link,
1705                the following fields can be displayed:
1706 
1707                LINK
1708                    The name of the datalink.
1709 
1710 
1711                PROPERTY
1712                    The name of the property.
1713 
1714 
1715                PERM
1716                    The read/write permissions of the property. The value shown
1717                    is one of ro or rw.
1718 
1719 
1720                VALUE
1721                    The current (or persistent) property value. If the value is
1722                    not set, it is shown as --. If it is unknown, the value is
1723                    shown as ?. Persistent values that are not set or have been
1724                    reset will be shown as -- and will use the system DEFAULT
1725                    value (if any).
1726 
1727 
1728                DEFAULT
1729                    The default value of the property. If the property has no
1730                    default value, -- is shown.
1731 
1732 
1733                POSSIBLE
1734                    A comma-separated list of the values the property can have.
1735                    If the values span a numeric range, min - max might be
1736                    shown as shorthand. If the possible values are unknown or
1737                    unbounded, -- is shown.
1738 
1739                The list of properties depends on the link type and network
1740                device driver, and the available values for a given property
1741                further depends on the underlying network hardware and its
1742                state. General link properties are documented in the LINK
1743                PROPERTIES section. However, link properties that begin with
1744                "_" (underbar) are specific to a given link or its underlying
1745                network device and subject to change or removal. See the
1746                appropriate network device driver man page for details.
1747 
1748 
1749            -c, --parseable
1750                Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The -o option is
1751                required with this option. See "Parseable Output Format",
1752                below.
1753 
1754 
1755            -P, --persistent
1756                Display persistent link property information
1757 
1758 
1759            -z zonenme
1760                Operate on a link that has been delegated to the specified
1761                zone.
1762 
1763 
1764            -p prop, ..., --prop=prop, ...
1765                A comma-separated list of properties to show. See the sections
1766                on link properties following subcommand descriptions.
1767 
1768 
1769 
1770        dladm create-secobj [-t] [-R root-dir] [-f file] -c class secobj
1771            Create a secure object named secobj in the specified class to be
1772            later used as a WEP or WPA key in connecting to an encrypted
1773            network. The value of the secure object can either be provided
1774            interactively or read from a file.  The sequence of interactive
1775            prompts and the file format depends on the class of the secure
1776            object.
1777 
1778            Currently, the classes wep and wpa are supported. The WEP (Wired
1779            Equivalent Privacy) key can be either 5 or 13 bytes long. It can be
1780            provided either as an ASCII or hexadecimal string -- thus, 12345
1781            and 0x3132333435 are equivalent 5-byte keys (the 0x prefix can be
1782            omitted). A file containing a WEP key must consist of a single line
1783            using either WEP key format. The WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) key
1784            must be provided as an ASCII string with a length between 8 and 63
1785            bytes.
1786 
1787            This subcommand is only usable by users or roles that belong to the
1788            "Network Link Security" RBAC profile.
1789 
1790            -c class, --class=class
1791                class can be wep or wpa. See preceding discussion.
1792 
1793 
1794            -t, --temporary
1795                Specifies that the creation is temporary. Temporary creation
1796                last until the next reboot.
1797 
1798 
1799            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
1800                See "Options," above.
1801 
1802 
1803            -f file, --file=file
1804                Specifies a file that should be used to obtain the secure
1805                object's value. The format of this file depends on the secure
1806                object class. See the EXAMPLES section for an example of using
1807                this option to set a WEP key.
1808 
1809 
1810 
1811        dladm delete-secobj [-t] [-R root-dir] secobj[,...]
1812            Delete one or more specified secure objects. This subcommand is
1813            only usable by users or roles that belong to the "Network Link
1814            Security" RBAC profile.
1815 
1816            -t, --temporary
1817                Specifies that the deletions are temporary. Temporary deletions
1818                last until the next reboot.
1819 
1820 
1821            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
1822                See "Options," above.
1823 
1824 
1825 
1826        dladm show-secobj [-P] [[-p] -o field[,...]] [secobj,...]
1827            Show current or persistent secure object information. If one or
1828            more secure objects are specified, then information for each is
1829            displayed. Otherwise, all current or persistent secure objects are
1830            displayed.
1831 
1832            By default, current secure objects are displayed, which are all
1833            secure objects that have either been persistently created and not
1834            temporarily deleted, or temporarily created.
1835 
1836            For security reasons, it is not possible to show the value of a
1837            secure object.
1838 
1839            -o field[,...] , --output=field[,...]
1840                A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output fields to
1841                display. The field name must be one of the fields listed below.
1842                For displayed secure object, the following fields can be shown:
1843 
1844                OBJECT
1845                    The name of the secure object.
1846 
1847 
1848                CLASS
1849                    The class of the secure object.
1850 
1851 
1852 
1853            -p, --parseable
1854                Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The -o option is
1855                required with -p. See "Parseable Output Format", below.
1856 
1857 
1858            -P, --persistent
1859                Display persistent secure object information
1860 
1861 
1862 
1863        dladm create-vnic [-t] -l link [-R root-dir] [-m value | auto | {factory [-n
1864        slot-identifier]} | {random [-r prefix]}] [-v vlan-id] [-p prop=value[,...]]
1865        vnic-link
1866            Create a VNIC with name vnic-link over the specified link.
1867 
1868            -t, --temporary
1869                Specifies that the VNIC is temporary. Temporary VNICs last
1870                until the next reboot.
1871 
1872 
1873            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
1874                See "Options," above.
1875 
1876 
1877            -l link, --link=link
1878                link can be a physical link or an etherstub.
1879 
1880 
1881            -m value | keyword, --mac-address=value | keyword
1882                Sets the VNIC's MAC address based on the specified value or
1883                keyword. If value is not a keyword, it is interpreted as a
1884                unicast MAC address, which must be valid for the underlying
1885                NIC. The following special keywords can be used:
1886 
1887                factory [-n slot-identifier],
1888                factory [--slot=slot-identifier]
1889                    Assign a factory MAC address to the VNIC. When a factory
1890                    MAC address is requested, -m can be combined with the -n
1891                    option to specify a MAC address slot to be used. If -n is
1892                    not specified, the system will choose the next available
1893                    factory MAC address. The -m option of the show-phys
1894                    subcommand can be used to display the list of factory MAC
1895                    addresses, their slot identifiers, and their availability.
1896 
1897 
1898                random [-r prefix],
1899                random [--mac-prefix=prefix]
1900                    Assign a random MAC address to the VNIC. A default prefix
1901                    consisting of a valid IEEE OUI with the local bit set will
1902                    be used. That prefix can be overridden with the -r option.
1903 
1904 
1905                auto
1906                    Try and use a factory MAC address first. If none is
1907                    available, assign a random MAC address. auto is the default
1908                    action if the -m option is not specified.
1909 
1910 
1911                -v vlan-id
1912                    Enable VLAN tagging for this VNIC. The VLAN tag will have
1913                    id vlan-id.
1914 
1915 
1916 
1917            -p prop=value,..., --prop prop=value,...
1918                A comma-separated list of properties to set to the specified
1919                values.
1920 
1921 
1922 
1923        dladm delete-vnic [-t] [-R root-dir] [-z zonename] vnic-link
1924            Deletes the specified VNIC.
1925 
1926            -t, --temporary
1927                Specifies that the deletion is temporary. Temporary deletions
1928                last until the next reboot.
1929 
1930 
1931            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
1932                See "Options," above.
1933 
1934 
1935            -z zonenme
1936                Operate on a link that has been delegated to the specified
1937                zone.
1938 
1939 
1940 
1941        dladm show-vnic [-pP] [-s [-i interval]] [-o field[,...]] [-l link] [-z
1942        zonename] [vnic-link]
1943            Show VNIC configuration information (the default) or statistics,
1944            for all VNICs, all VNICs on a link, or only the specified vnic-link.
1945 
1946            -o field[,...] , --output=field[,...]
1947                A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output fields to
1948                display. The field name must be one of the fields listed below.
1949                The field name must be one of the fields listed below, or the
1950                special value all to display all fields. By default (without
1951                -o), show-vnic displays all fields.
1952 
1953                LINK
1954                    The name of the VNIC.
1955 
1956 
1957                OVER
1958                    The name of the physical link over which this VNIC is
1959                    configured.
1960 
1961 
1962                SPEED
1963                    The maximum speed of the VNIC, in megabits per second.
1964 
1965 
1966                MACADDRESS
1967                    MAC address of the VNIC.
1968 
1969 
1970                MACADDRTYPE
1971                    MAC address type of the VNIC. dladm distinguishes among the
1972                    following MAC address types:
1973 
1974                    random
1975                        A random address assigned to the VNIC.
1976 
1977 
1978                    factory
1979                        A factory MAC address used by the VNIC.
1980 
1981 
1982 
1983 
1984            -p, --parseable
1985                Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The -o option is
1986                required with -p. See "Parseable Output Format", below.
1987 
1988 
1989            -P, --persistent
1990                Display the persistent VNIC configuration.
1991 
1992 
1993            -s, --statistics
1994                Displays VNIC statistics.
1995 
1996 
1997            -i interval, --interval=interval
1998                Used with the -s option to specify an interval, in seconds, at
1999                which statistics should be displayed. If this option is not
2000                specified, statistics will be displayed only once.
2001 
2002 
2003            -l link, --link=link
2004                Display information for all VNICs on the named link.
2005 
2006 
2007            -z zonenme
2008                Operate on a link that has been delegated to the specified
2009                zone.
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013        dladm create-etherstub [-t] [-R root-dir] etherstub
2014            Create an etherstub with the specified name.
2015 
2016            -t, --temporary
2017                Specifies that the etherstub is temporary. Temporary etherstubs
2018                do not persist across reboots.
2019 
2020 
2021            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
2022                See "Options," above.
2023 
2024            VNICs can be created on top of etherstubs instead of physical NICs.
2025            As with physical NICs, such a creation causes the stack to
2026            implicitly create a virtual switch between the VNICs created on top
2027            of the same etherstub.
2028 
2029 
2030        dladm delete-etherstub [-t] [-R root-dir] etherstub
2031            Delete the specified etherstub.
2032 
2033            -t, --temporary
2034                Specifies that the deletion is temporary. Temporary deletions
2035                last until the next reboot.
2036 
2037 
2038            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
2039                See "Options," above.
2040 
2041 
2042 
2043        dladm show-etherstub [etherstub]
2044            Show all configured etherstubs by default, or the specified
2045            etherstub if etherstub is specified.
2046 
2047 
2048        dladm create-iptun [-t] [-R root-dir] -T type [-s tsrc] [-d tdst] iptun-link
2049            Create an IP tunnel link named iptun-link. Such links can
2050            additionally be protected with IPsec using ipsecconf(1M).
2051 
2052            An IP tunnel is conceptually comprised of two parts: a virtual link
2053            between two or more IP nodes, and an IP interface above this link
2054            that allows the system to transmit and receive IP packets
2055            encapsulated by the underlying link. This subcommand creates a
2056            virtual link. The ifconfig(1M) command is used to configure IP
2057            interfaces above the link.
2058 
2059            -t, --temporary
2060                Specifies that the IP tunnel link is temporary. Temporary
2061                tunnels last until the next reboot.
2062 
2063 
2064            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
2065                See "Options," above.
2066 
2067 
2068            -T type, --tunnel-type=type
2069                Specifies the type of tunnel to be created. The type must be
2070                one of the following:
2071 
2072                ipv4
2073                    A point-to-point, IP-over-IP tunnel between two IPv4 nodes.
2074                    This type of tunnel requires IPv4 source and destination
2075                    addresses to function. IPv4 and IPv6 interfaces can be
2076                    plumbed above such a tunnel to create IPv4-over-IPv4 and
2077                    IPv6-over-IPv4 tunneling configurations.
2078 
2079 
2080                ipv6
2081                    A point-to-point, IP-over-IP tunnel between two IPv6 nodes as
2082                    defined in IETF RFC 2473. This type of tunnel requires IPv6
2083                    source and destination addresses to function. IPv4 and IPv6
2084                    interfaces can be plumbed above such a tunnel to create
2085                    IPv4-over-IPv6 and IPv6-over-IPv6 tunneling configurations.
2086 
2087 
2088                6to4
2089                    A 6to4, point-to-multipoint tunnel as defined in IETF RFC
2090                    3056. This type of tunnel requires an IPv4 source address
2091                    to function. An IPv6 interface is plumbed on such a tunnel
2092                    link to configure a 6to4 router.
2093 
2094 
2095 
2096            -s tsrc, --tunnel-src=tsrc
2097                Literal IP address or hostname corresponding to the tunnel
2098                source. If a hostname is specified, it will be resolved to IP
2099                addresses, and one of those IP addresses will be used as the
2100                tunnel source. Because IP tunnels are created before naming
2101                services have been brought online during the boot process, it
2102                is important that any hostname used be included in /etc/hosts.
2103 
2104 
2105            -d tdst, --tunnel-dst=tdst
2106                Literal IP address or hostname corresponding to the tunnel
2107                destination.
2108 
2109 
2110 
2111        dladm modify-iptun [-t] [-R root-dir] [-s tsrc] [-d tdst] iptun-link
2112            Modify the parameters of the specified IP tunnel.
2113 
2114            -t, --temporary
2115                Specifies that the modification is temporary. Temporary
2116                modifications last until the next reboot.
2117 
2118 
2119            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
2120                See "Options," above.
2121 
2122 
2123            -s tsrc, --tunnel-src=tsrc
2124                Specifies a new tunnel source address. See create-iptun for a
2125                description.
2126 
2127 
2128            -d tdst, --tunnel-dst=tdst
2129                Specifies a new tunnel destination address. See create-iptun for
2130                a description.
2131 
2132 
2133 
2134        dladm delete-iptun [-t] [-R root-dir] iptun-link
2135            Delete the specified IP tunnel link.
2136 
2137            -t, --temporary
2138                Specifies that the deletion is temporary. Temporary deletions
2139                last until the next reboot.
2140 
2141 
2142            -R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
2143                See "Options," above.
2144 
2145 
2146 
2147        dladm show-iptun [-P] [[-p] -o field[,...]] [iptun-link]
2148            Show IP tunnel link configuration for a single IP tunnel or all IP
2149            tunnels.
2150 
2151            -P, --persistent
2152                Display the persistent IP tunnel configuration.
2153 
2154 
2155            -p, --parseable
2156                Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The -o option
2157                is required with -p. See "Parseable Output Format", below.
2158 
2159 
2160            -o field[,...], --output=field[,...]
2161                A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output fields to
2162                display. The field name must be one of the fields listed below,
2163                or the special value all, to display all fields. By default
2164                (without -o), show-iptun displays all fields.
2165 
2166                LINK
2167                    The name of the IP tunnel link.
2168 
2169 
2170                TYPE
2171                    Type of tunnel as specified by the -T option of create-iptun.
2172 
2173 
2174                FLAGS
2175                    A set of flags associated with the IP tunnel link. Possible
2176                    flags are:
2177 
2178                    s
2179                        The IP tunnel link is protected by IPsec policy. To
2180                        display the IPsec policy associated with the tunnel
2181                        link, enter:
2182 
2183                          # ipsecconf -ln -i tunnel-link
2184 
2185 
2186                        See ipsecconf(1M) for more details on how to configure
2187                        IPsec policy.
2188 
2189 
2190                    i
2191                        The IP tunnel link was implicitly created with
2192                        ifconfig(1M), and will be automatically deleted when it
2193                        is no longer referenced (that is, when the last IP
2194                        interface over the tunnel is unplumbed). See
2195                        ifconfig(1M) for details on implicit tunnel creation.
2196 
2197 
2198 
2199                SOURCE
2200                    The tunnel source address.
2201 
2202 
2203                DESTINATION
2204                    The tunnel destination address.
2205 
2206 
2207 
2208 
2209        dladm show-usage [-a] -f filename [-p plotfile -F format] [-s time] [-e time]
2210        [link]
2211            Show the historical network usage from a stored extended accounting
2212            file.  Configuration and enabling of network accounting through
2213            acctadm(1M) is required. The default output will be the summary of
2214            network usage for the entire period of time in which extended
2215            accounting was enabled.
2216 
2217            -a
2218                Display all historical network usage for the specified period
2219                of time during which extended accounting is enabled. This
2220                includes the usage information for the links that have already
2221                been deleted.
2222 
2223 
2224            -f filename, --file=filename
2225                Read extended accounting records of network usage from
2226                filename.
2227 
2228 
2229            -F format, --format=format
2230                Specifies the format of plotfile that is specified by the -p
2231                option. As of this release, gnuplot is the only supported
2232                format.
2233 
2234 
2235            -p plotfile, --plot=plotfile
2236                Write network usage data to a file of the format specified by
2237                the -F option, which is required.
2238 
2239 
2240            -s time, --start=time
2241            -e time, --stop=time
2242                Start and stop times for data display. Time is in the format
2243                MM/DD/YYYY,hh:mm:ss.
2244 
2245 
2246            link
2247                If specified, display the network usage only for the named
2248                link. Otherwise, display network usage for all links.
2249 
2250 
2251 
2252    Parseable Output Format
2253        Many dladm subcommands have an option that displays output in a
2254        machine-parseable format. The output format is one or more lines of
2255        colon (:) delimited fields. The fields displayed are specific to the
2256        subcommand used and are listed under the entry for the -o option for a
2257        given subcommand. Output includes only those fields requested by means
2258        of the -o option, in the order requested.
2259 
2260 
2261        When you request multiple fields, any literal colon characters are
2262        escaped by a backslash (\) before being output. Similarly, literal
2263        backslash characters will also be escaped (\\). This escape format is
2264        parseable by using shell read(1) functions with the environment
2265        variable IFS=: (see EXAMPLES, below). Note that escaping is not done
2266        when you request only a single field.
2267 
2268    General Link Properties
2269        The following general link properties are supported:
2270 
2271        allowed-ips
2272            A comma-seperated list of IP addresses that are allowed on the
2273            interface.
2274 
2275            An address in CIDR format with no host address specified is used to
2276            indicate that any address on that subnet is allowed (e.g.
2277            192.168.10.0/24 means any address in the range 192.168.10.0 -
2278            192.168.10.255 is allowed).
2279 
2280 
2281        autopush
2282            Specifies the set of STREAMS modules to push on the stream
2283            associated with a link when its DLPI device is opened. It is a
2284            space-delimited list of modules.
2285 
2286            The optional special character sequence [anchor] indicates that a
2287            STREAMS anchor should be placed on the stream at the module
2288            previously specified in the list. It is an error to specify more
2289            than one anchor or to have an anchor first in the list.
2290 
2291            The autopush property is preferred over the more general
2292            autopush(1M) command.
2293 
2294 
2295        cpus
2296            Bind the processing of packets for a given data link to a processor
2297            or a set of processors. The value can be a comma-separated list of
2298            one or more processor ids. If the list consists of more than one
2299            processor, the processing will spread out to all the processors.
2300            Connection to processor affinity and packet ordering for any
2301            individual connection will be maintained.
2302 
2303            The processor or set of processors are not exclusively reserved for
2304            the link.  Only the kernel threads and interrupts associated with
2305            processing of the link are bound to the processor or the set of
2306            processors specified. In case it is desired that processors be
2307            dedicated to the link, psrset(1M) can be used to create a processor
2308            set and then specifying the processors from the processor set to
2309            bind the link to.
2310 
2311            If the link was already bound to processor or set of processors due
2312            to a previous operation, the binding will be removed and the new
2313            set of processors will be used instead.
2314 
2315            The default is no CPU binding, which is to say that the processing
2316            of packets is not bound to any specific processor or processor set.
2317 
2318 
2319        learn_limit
2320            Limits the number of new or changed MAC sources to be learned over
2321            a bridge link. When the number exceeds this value, learning on that
2322            link is temporarily disabled. Only non-VLAN, non-VNIC type links have
2323            this property.
2324 
2325            The default value is 1000. Valid values are greater or equal to 0.
2326 
2327 
2328        learn_decay
2329            Specifies the decay rate for source changes limited by learn_limit.
2330            This number is subtracted from the counter for a bridge link every
2331            5 seconds. Only non-VLAN, non-VNIC type links have this property.
2332 
2333            The default value is 200. Valid values are greater or equal to 0.
2334 
2335 
2336        maxbw
2337            Sets the full duplex bandwidth for the link. The bandwidth is
2338            specified as an integer with one of the scale suffixes (K, M, or G
2339            for Kbps, Mbps, and Gbps). If no units are specified, the input
2340            value will be read as Mbps. The default is no bandwidth limit.
2341 
2342 
2343        priority
2344            Sets the relative priority for the link. The value can be given as
2345            one of the tokens high, medium, or low. The default is high.
2346 
2347 
2348        stp
2349            Enables or disables Spanning Tree Protocol on a bridge link.
2350            Setting this value to 0 disables Spanning Tree, and puts the link
2351            into forwarding mode with BPDU guarding enabled. This mode is
2352            appropriate for point-to-point links connected only to end nodes.
2353            Only non-VLAN, non-VNIC type links have this property. The default
2354            value is 1, to enable STP.
2355 
2356 
2357        forward
2358            Enables or disables forwarding for a VLAN. Setting this value to 0
2359            disables bridge forwarding for a VLAN link. Disabling bridge
2360            forwarding removes that VLAN from the "allowed set" for the bridge.
2361            The default value is 1, to enable bridge forwarding for configured
2362            VLANs.
2363 
2364 
2365        default_tag
2366            Sets the default VLAN ID that is assumed for untagged packets sent
2367            to and received from this link. Only non-VLAN, non-VNIC type links
2368            have this property.  Setting this value to 0 disables the bridge
2369            forwarding of untagged packets to and from the port. The default
2370            value is VLAN ID 1. Valid values values are from 0 to 4094.
2371 
2372 
2373        stp_priority
2374            Sets the STP and RSTP Port Priority value, which is used to
2375            determine the preferred root port on a bridge. Lower numerical
2376            values are higher priority.  The default value is 128. Valid values
2377            range from 0 to 255.
2378 
2379 
2380        stp_cost
2381            Sets the STP and RSTP cost for using the link. The default value is
2382            auto, which sets the cost based on link speed, using 100 for
2383            10Mbps, 19 for 100Mbps, 4 for 1Gbps, and 2 for 10Gbps. Valid values
2384            range from 1 to 65535.
2385 
2386 
2387        stp_edge
2388            Enables or disables bridge edge port detection. If set to 0
2389            (false), the system assumes that the port is connected to other
2390            bridges even if no bridge PDUs of any type are seen. The default
2391            value is 1, which detects edge ports automatically.
2392 
2393 
2394        stp_p2p
2395            Sets bridge point-to-point operation mode. Possible values are true,
2396            false, and auto. When set to auto, point-to-point connections are
2397            automatically discovered. When set to true, the port mode is forced
2398            to use point-to-point. When set to false, the port mode is forced to
2399            use normal multipoint mode. The default value is auto.
2400 
2401 
2402        stp_mcheck
2403            Triggers the system to run the RSTP Force BPDU Migration Check
2404            procedure on this link. The procedure is triggered by setting the
2405            property value to 1. The property is automatically reset back to 0.
2406            This value cannot be set unless the following are true:
2407 
2408                o      The link is bridged
2409 
2410                o      The bridge is protected by Spanning Tree
2411 
2412                o      The bridge force-protocol value is at least 2 (RSTP)
2413            The default value is 0.
2414 
2415 
2416        zone
2417            Specifies the zone to which the link belongs. This property can be
2418            modified only temporarily through dladm, and thus the -t option must
2419            be specified. To modify the zone assignment such that it persists
2420            across reboots, please use zonecfg(1M). Possible values consist of
2421            any exclusive-IP zone currently running on the system. By default,
2422            the zone binding is as per zonecfg(1M).
2423 
2424 
2425    Wifi Link Properties
2426        The following WiFi link properties are supported. Note that the ability
2427        to set a given property to a given value depends on the driver and
2428        hardware.
2429 
2430        channel
2431            Specifies the channel to use. This property can be modified only by
2432            certain WiFi links when in IBSS mode. The default value and allowed
2433            range of values varies by regulatory domain.
2434 
2435 
2436        powermode
2437            Specifies the power management mode of the WiFi link. Possible
2438            values are off (disable power management), max (maximum power
2439            savings), and fast (performance-sensitive power management). Default
2440            is off.
2441 
2442 
2443        radio
2444            Specifies the radio mode of the WiFi link. Possible values are on
2445            or off. Default is on.
2446 
2447 
2448        speed
2449            Specifies a fixed speed for the WiFi link, in megabits per second.
2450            The set of possible values depends on the driver and hardware (but
2451            is shown by show-linkprop); common speeds include 1, 2, 11, and 54.
2452            By default, there is no fixed speed.
2453 
2454 
2455    Ethernet Link Properties
2456        The following MII Properties, as documented in ieee802.3(5), are
2457        supported in read-only mode:
2458 
2459            o      duplex
2460 
2461            o      state
2462 
2463            o      adv_autoneg_cap
2464 
2465            o      adv_10gfdx_cap
2466 
2467            o      adv_1000fdx_cap
2468 
2469            o      adv_1000hdx_cap
2470 
2471            o      adv_100fdx_cap
2472 
2473            o      adv_100hdx_cap
2474 
2475            o      adv_10fdx_cap
2476 
2477            o      adv_10hdx_cap
2478 
2479 
2480        Each adv_ property (for example, adv_10fdx_cap) also has a read/write
2481        counterpart en_ property (for example, en_10fdx_cap) controlling
2482        parameters used at auto-negotiation. In the absence of Power Management,
2483        the adv* speed/duplex parameters provide the values that are both
2484        negotiated and currently effective in hardware. However, with Power
2485        Management enabled, the speed/duplex capabilities currently exposed in
2486        hardware might be a subset of the set of bits that were used in initial
2487        link parameter negotiation. Thus the MII adv_* parameters are marked
2488        read-only, with an additional set of en_* parameters for configuring
2489        speed and duplex properties at initial negotiation.
2490 
2491 
2492        Note that the adv_autoneg_cap does not have an en_autoneg_cap
2493        counterpart: the adv_autoneg_cap is a 0/1 switch that turns off/on
2494        autonegotiation itself, and therefore cannot be impacted by Power
2495        Management.
2496 
2497 
2498        In addition, the following Ethernet properties are reported:
2499 
2500        speed
2501            (read-only) The operating speed of the device, in Mbps.
2502 
2503 
2504        mtu
2505            The maximum client SDU (Send Data Unit) supported by the device.
2506            Valid range is 68-65536.
2507 
2508 
2509        flowctrl
2510            Establishes flow-control modes that will be advertised by the
2511            device. Valid input is one of:
2512 
2513            no
2514                No flow control enabled.
2515 
2516 
2517            rx
2518                Receive, and act upon incoming pause frames.
2519 
2520 
2521            tx
2522                Transmit pause frames to the peer when congestion occurs, but
2523                ignore received pause frames.
2524 
2525 
2526            bi
2527                Bidirectional flow control.
2528 
2529            Note that the actual settings for this value are constrained by the
2530            capabilities allowed by the device and the link partner.
2531 
2532 
2533        secondary-macs
2534            A comma-seperated list of additional MAC addresses that are allowed
2535            on the interface.
2536 
2537 
2538        tagmode
2539            This link property controls the conditions in which 802.1Q VLAN
2540            tags will be inserted in packets being transmitted on the link. Two
2541            mode values can be assigned to this property:
2542 
2543            normal
2544                        Insert a VLAN tag in outgoing packets under the
2545                        following conditions:
2546 
2547                            o      The packet belongs to a VLAN.
2548 
2549                            o      The user requested priority tagging.
2550 
2551 
2552            vlanonly
2553                        Insert a VLAN tag only when the outgoing packet belongs
2554                        to a VLAN. If a tag is being inserted in this mode and
2555                        the user has also requested a non-zero priority, the
2556                        priority is honored and included in the VLAN tag.
2557 
2558            The default value is vlanonly.
2559 
2560 
2561    IP Tunnel Link Properties
2562        The following IP tunnel link properties are supported.
2563 
2564        hoplimit
2565            Specifies the IPv4 TTL or IPv6 hop limit for the encapsulating
2566            outer IP header of a tunnel link. This property exists for all
2567            tunnel types. The default value is 64.
2568 
2569 
2570        encaplimit
2571            Specifies the IPv6 encapsulation limit for an IPv6 tunnel as
2572            defined in RFC 2473. This value is the tunnel nesting limit for a
2573            given tunneled packet. The default value is 4. A value of 0
2574            disables the encapsulation limit.
2575 
2576 
2577 EXAMPLES
2578        Example 1 Configuring an Aggregation
2579 
2580 
2581        To configure a data-link over an aggregation of devices bge0 and bge1
2582        with key 1, enter the following command:
2583 
2584 
2585          # dladm create-aggr -d bge0 -d bge1 1
2586 
2587 
2588 
2589        Example 2 Connecting to a WiFi Link
2590 
2591 
2592        To connect to the most optimal available unsecured network on a system
2593        with a single WiFi link (as per the prioritization rules specified for
2594        connect-wifi), enter the following command:
2595 
2596 
2597          # dladm connect-wifi
2598 
2599 
2600 
2601        Example 3 Creating a WiFi Key
2602 
2603 
2604        To interactively create the WEP key mykey, enter the following command:
2605 
2606 
2607          # dladm create-secobj -c wep mykey
2608 
2609 
2610 
2611 
2612        Alternatively, to non-interactively create the WEP key mykey using the
2613        contents of a file:
2614 
2615 
2616          # umask 077
2617           # cat >/tmp/mykey.$$ <<EOF
2618           12345
2619           EOF
2620           # dladm create-secobj -c wep -f /tmp/mykey.$$ mykey
2621           # rm /tmp/mykey.$$
2622 
2623 
2624 
2625        Example 4 Connecting to a Specified Encrypted WiFi Link
2626 
2627 
2628        To use key mykey to connect to ESSID wlan on link ath0, enter the
2629        following command:
2630 
2631 
2632          # dladm connect-wifi -k mykey -e wlan ath0
2633 
2634 
2635 
2636        Example 5 Changing a Link Property
2637 
2638 
2639        To set powermode to the value fast on link pcwl0, enter the following
2640        command:
2641 
2642 
2643          # dladm set-linkprop -p powermode=fast pcwl0
2644 
2645 
2646 
2647        Example 6 Connecting to a WPA-Protected WiFi Link
2648 
2649 
2650        Create a WPA key psk and enter the following command:
2651 
2652 
2653          # dladm create-secobj -c wpa psk
2654 
2655 
2656 
2657 
2658        To then use key psk to connect to ESSID wlan on link ath0, enter the
2659        following command:
2660 
2661 
2662          # dladm connect-wifi -k psk -e wlan ath0
2663 
2664 
2665 
2666        Example 7 Renaming a Link
2667 
2668 
2669        To rename the bge0 link to mgmt0, enter the following command:
2670 
2671 
2672          # dladm rename-link bge0 mgmt0
2673 
2674 
2675 
2676        Example 8 Replacing a Network Card
2677 
2678 
2679        Consider that the bge0 device, whose link was named mgmt0 as shown in
2680        the previous example, needs to be replaced with a ce0 device because of
2681        a hardware failure. The bge0 NIC is physically removed, and replaced
2682        with a new ce0 NIC. To associate the newly added ce0 device with the
2683        mgmt0 configuration previously associated with bge0, enter the
2684        following command:
2685 
2686 
2687          # dladm rename-link ce0 mgmt0
2688 
2689 
2690 
2691        Example 9 Removing a Network Card
2692 
2693 
2694        Suppose that in the previous example, the intent is not to replace the
2695        bge0 NIC with another NIC, but rather to remove and not replace the
2696        hardware. In that case, the mgmt0 datalink configuration is not slated
2697        to be associated with a different physical device as shown in the
2698        previous example, but needs to be deleted. Enter the following command
2699        to delete the datalink configuration associated with the mgmt0
2700        datalink, whose physical hardware (bge0 in this case) has been removed:
2701 
2702 
2703          # dladm delete-phys mgmt0
2704 
2705 
2706 
2707        Example 10 Using Parseable Output to Capture a Single Field
2708 
2709 
2710        The following assignment saves the MTU of link net0 to a variable named
2711        mtu.
2712 
2713 
2714          # mtu=`dladm show-link -p -o mtu net0`
2715 
2716 
2717 
2718        Example 11 Using Parseable Output to Iterate over Links
2719 
2720 
2721        The following script displays the state of each link on the system.
2722 
2723 
2724          # dladm show-link -p -o link,state | while IFS=: read link state; do
2725                      print "Link $link is in state $state"
2726                  done
2727 
2728 
2729 
2730        Example 12 Configuring VNICs
2731 
2732 
2733        Create two VNICs with names hello0 and test1 over a single physical
2734        link bge0:
2735 
2736 
2737          # dladm create-vnic -l bge0 hello0
2738          # dladm create-vnic -l bge0 test1
2739 
2740 
2741 
2742        Example 13 Configuring VNICs and Allocating Bandwidth and Priority
2743 
2744 
2745        Create two VNICs with names hello0 and test1 over a single physical
2746        link bge0 and make hello0 a high priority VNIC with a factory-assigned
2747        MAC address with a maximum bandwidth of 50 Mbps. Make test1 a low
2748        priority VNIC with a random MAC address and a maximum bandwidth of
2749        100Mbps.
2750 
2751 
2752          # dladm create-vnic -l bge0 -m factory -p maxbw=50,priority=high hello0
2753          # dladm create-vnic -l bge0 -m random -p maxbw=100M,priority=low test1
2754 
2755 
2756 
2757        Example 14 Configuring a VNIC with a Factory MAC Address
2758 
2759 
2760        First, list the available factory MAC addresses and choose one of them:
2761 
2762 
2763          # dladm show-phys -m bge0
2764          LINK            SLOT         ADDRESS              INUSE    CLIENT
2765          bge0            primary      0:e0:81:27:d4:47     yes      bge0
2766          bge0            1            8:0:20:fe:4e:a5      no
2767          bge0            2            8:0:20:fe:4e:a6      no
2768          bge0            3            8:0:20:fe:4e:a7      no
2769 
2770 
2771 
2772 
2773        Create a VNIC named hello0 and use slot 1's address:
2774 
2775 
2776          # dladm create-vnic -l bge0 -m factory -n 1 hello0
2777          # dladm show-phys -m bge0
2778          LINK            SLOT         ADDRESS              INUSE    CLIENT
2779          bge0            primary      0:e0:81:27:d4:47     yes      bge0
2780          bge0            1            8:0:20:fe:4e:a5      yes      hello0
2781          bge0            2            8:0:20:fe:4e:a6      no
2782          bge0            3            8:0:20:fe:4e:a7      no
2783 
2784 
2785 
2786        Example 15 Creating a VNIC with User-Specified MAC Address, Binding it
2787        to Set of Processors
2788 
2789 
2790        Create a VNIC with name hello0, with a user specified MAC address, and
2791        a processor binding 0, 1, 2, 3.
2792 
2793 
2794          # dladm create-vnic -l bge0 -m 8:0:20:fe:4e:b8 -p cpus=0,1,2,3 hello0
2795 
2796 
2797 
2798        Example 16 Creating a Virtual Network Without a Physical NIC
2799 
2800 
2801        First, create an etherstub with name stub1:
2802 
2803 
2804          # dladm create-etherstub stub1
2805 
2806 
2807 
2808 
2809        Create two VNICs with names hello0 and test1 on the etherstub. This
2810        operation implicitly creates a virtual switch connecting hello0 and
2811        test1.
2812 
2813 
2814          # dladm create-vnic -l stub1 hello0
2815          # dladm create-vnic -l stub1 test1
2816 
2817 
2818 
2819        Example 17 Showing Network Usage
2820 
2821 
2822        Network usage statistics can be stored using the extended accounting
2823        facility, acctadm(1M).
2824 
2825 
2826          # acctadm -e basic -f /var/log/net.log net
2827          # acctadm net
2828                    Network accounting: active
2829               Network accounting file: /var/log/net.log
2830             Tracked Network resources: basic
2831           Untracked Network resources: src_ip,dst_ip,src_port,dst_port,protocol,
2832                                        dsfield
2833 
2834 
2835 
2836 
2837        The saved historical data can be retrieved in summary form using the
2838        show-usage subcommand:
2839 
2840 
2841          # dladm show-usage -f /var/log/net.log
2842          LINK      DURATION  IPACKETS RBYTES      OPACKETS OBYTES      BANDWIDTH
2843          e1000g0   80        1031     546908      0        0           2.44 Kbps
2844 
2845 
2846 
2847        Example 18 Displaying Bridge Information
2848 
2849 
2850        The following commands use the show-bridge subcommand with no and
2851        various options.
2852 
2853 
2854          # dladm show-bridge
2855          BRIDGE       PROTECT ADDRESS           PRIORITY DESROOT
2856          foo          stp     32768/8:0:20:bf:f 32768    8192/0:d0:0:76:14:38
2857          bar          stp     32768/8:0:20:e5:8 32768    8192/0:d0:0:76:14:38
2858 
2859          # dladm show-bridge -l foo
2860          LINK         STATE        UPTIME   DESROOT
2861          hme0         forwarding   117      8192/0:d0:0:76:14:38
2862          qfe1         forwarding   117      8192/0:d0:0:76:14:38
2863 
2864          # dladm show-bridge -s foo
2865          BRIDGE       DROPS        FORWARDS
2866          foo          0            302
2867 
2868          # dladm show-bridge -ls foo
2869          LINK         DROPS     RECV      XMIT
2870          hme0         0         360832    31797
2871          qfe1         0         322311    356852
2872 
2873          # dladm show-bridge -f foo
2874          DEST              AGE     FLAGS  OUTPUT
2875          8:0:20:bc:a7:dc   10.860  --     hme0
2876          8:0:20:bf:f9:69   --      L      hme0
2877          8:0:20:c0:20:26   17.420  --     hme0
2878          8:0:20:e5:86:11   --      L      qfe1
2879 
2880 
2881 
2882        Example 19 Creating an IPv4 Tunnel
2883 
2884 
2885        The following sequence of commands creates and then displays a
2886        persistent IPv4 tunnel link named mytunnel0 between 66.1.2.3 and
2887        192.4.5.6:
2888 
2889 
2890          # dladm create-iptun -T ipv4 -s 66.1.2.3 -d 192.4.5.6 mytunnel0
2891          # dladm show-iptun mytunnel0
2892          LINK            TYPE  FLAGS  SOURCE              DESTINATION
2893          mytunnel0       ipv4  --     66.1.2.3            192.4.5.6
2894 
2895 
2896 
2897 
2898        A point-to-point IP interface can then be created over this tunnel link:
2899 
2900 
2901          # ifconfig mytunnel0 plumb 10.1.0.1 10.1.0.2 up
2902 
2903 
2904 
2905 
2906        As with any other IP interface, configuration persistence for this IP
2907        interface is achieved by placing the desired ifconfig commands (in this
2908        case, the command for "10.1.0.1 10.1.0.2") into
2909        /etc/hostname.mytunnel0.
2910 
2911 
2912        Example 20 Creating a 6to4 Tunnel
2913 
2914 
2915        The following command creates a 6to4 tunnel link. The IPv4 address of
2916        the 6to4 router is 75.10.11.12.
2917 
2918 
2919          # dladm create-iptun -T 6to4 -s 75.10.11.12 sitetunnel0
2920          # dladm show-iptun sitetunnel0
2921          LINK            TYPE  FLAGS  SOURCE              DESTINATION
2922          sitetunnel0     6to4  --     75.10.11.12         --
2923 
2924 
2925 
2926 
2927        The following command plumbs an IPv6 interface on this tunnel:
2928 
2929 
2930          # ifconfig sitetunnel0 inet6 plumb up
2931          # ifconfig sitetunnel0 inet6
2932          sitetunnel0: flags=2200041 <UP,RUNNING,NONUD,IPv6> mtu   65515 index 3
2933                  inet tunnel src 75.10.11.12
2934                  tunnel hop limit 64
2935                  inet6 2002:4b0a:b0c::1/16
2936 
2937 
2938 
2939 
2940        Note that the system automatically configures the IPv6 address on the
2941        6to4 IP interface. See ifconfig(1M) for a description of how IPv6
2942        addresses are configured on 6to4 tunnel links.
2943 
2944 
2945 ATTRIBUTES
2946        See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
2947 
2948 
2949        /usr/sbin
2950 
2951 
2952 
2953 
2954        +--------------------+-----------------+
2955        |  ATTRIBUTE TYPE    | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
2956        +--------------------+-----------------+
2957        |Interface Stability | Committed       |
2958        +--------------------+-----------------+
2959 
2960 
2961        /sbin
2962 
2963 
2964 
2965 
2966        +--------------------+-----------------+
2967        |  ATTRIBUTE TYPE    | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
2968        +--------------------+-----------------+
2969        |Interface Stability | Committed       |
2970        +--------------------+-----------------+
2971 
2972 SEE ALSO
2973        acctadm(1M), autopush(1M), ifconfig(1M), ipsecconf(1M), ndd(1M),
2974        psrset(1M), wpad(1M), zonecfg(1M), attributes(5), ieee802.3(5),
2975        dlpi(7P)
2976 
2977 NOTES
2978        The preferred method of referring to an aggregation in the aggregation
2979        subcommands is by its link name. Referring to an aggregation by its
2980        integer key is supported for backward compatibility, but is not
2981        necessary. When creating an aggregation, if a key is specified instead
2982        of a link name, the aggregation's link name will be automatically
2983        generated by dladm as aggrkey.
2984 
2985 
2986 
2987                                December 3, 2014                      DLADM(1M)