251                       If the sync conversion is specified, the missing input
 252                       is replaced with null bytes and processed normally.
 253                       Otherwise, the input block will be omitted from the
 254                       output.
 255 
 256 
 257            notrunc
 258                       Does not truncate the output file. Preserves blocks in
 259                       the output file not explicitly written by this
 260                       invocation of dd. (See also the preceding of=file
 261                       operand.)
 262 
 263 
 264            sync
 265                       Pads every input block to the size of the ibs= buffer,
 266                       appending null bytes. (If either block or unblock is
 267                       also specified, appends SPACE characters, rather than
 268                       null bytes.)
 269 
 270 
 271 
 272        oflag=value[,value...]
 273 
 274        Where values are comma-separated symbols from the following list which
 275        affect the behavior of writing the output file:
 276 
 277        dsync
 278                   The output file is opened with the O_DSYNC flag set. All
 279                   data writes will be synchronous. For more information on
 280                   O_DSYNC see fcntl.h(3HEAD).
 281 
 282 
 283        sync
 284                   The output file is opened with the O_SYNC flag set. All data
 285                   and metadata writes will be synchronous. For more
 286                   information on O_SYNC see fcntl.h(3HEAD).
 287 
 288 
 289 
 290        If operands other than conv= and oflag= are specified more than once,
 291        the last specified operand=value is used.
 292 
 293 
 294        For the bs=, cbs=, ibs=, and obs= operands, the application must supply
 295        an expression specifying a size in bytes. The expression, expr, can be:
 296 
 297            1.     a positive decimal number
 298 
 299            2.     a positive decimal number followed by k, specifying
 300                   multiplication by 1024
 301 
 302            3.     a positive decimal number followed by M, specifying
 303                   multiplication by 1024*1024
 304 
 305            4.     a positive decimal number followed by G, specifying
 306                   multiplication by 1024*1024*1024
 307 
 308            5.     a positive decimal number followed by T, specifying
 309                   multiplication by 1024*1024*1024*1024
 310 
 311            6.     a positive decimal number followed by P, specifying
 312                   multiplication by 1024*1024*1024*1024*1024
 313 
 314            7.     a positive decimal number followed by E, specifying
 315                   multiplication by 1024*1024*1024*1024*1024*1024
 316 
 317            8.     a positive decimal number followed by Z, specifying
 318                   multiplication by 1024*1024*1024*1024*1024*1024*1024
 319 
 320            9.     a positive decimal number followed by b, specifying
 321                   multiplication by 512
 322 
 323            10.    two or more positive decimal numbers (with or without k or
 324                   b) separated by x, specifying the product of the indicated
 325                   values.
 326 
 327 
 328        All of the operands will be processed before any input is read.
 329 
 330 SIGNALS
 331        When dd receives either SIGINFO or SIGUSR1, dd will emit the current
 332        input and output block counts, total bytes written, total time elapsed,
 333        and the number of bytes per second to standard error. This is the same
 334        information format that dd emits when it successfully completes. Users
 335        may send SIGINFO via their terminal. The default character is ^T, see
 336        stty(1) for more information.
 337 
 338 
 339        For SIGINT, dd writes status information to standard error before
 340        exiting. dd takes the standard action for all other signals.
 341 
 342 
 343 USAGE
 344        See largefile(5) for the description of the behavior of dd when
 345        encountering files greater than or equal to 2 Gbyte ( 2^31 bytes).
  
 | 
 
 
 251                       If the sync conversion is specified, the missing input
 252                       is replaced with null bytes and processed normally.
 253                       Otherwise, the input block will be omitted from the
 254                       output.
 255 
 256 
 257            notrunc
 258                       Does not truncate the output file. Preserves blocks in
 259                       the output file not explicitly written by this
 260                       invocation of dd. (See also the preceding of=file
 261                       operand.)
 262 
 263 
 264            sync
 265                       Pads every input block to the size of the ibs= buffer,
 266                       appending null bytes. (If either block or unblock is
 267                       also specified, appends SPACE characters, rather than
 268                       null bytes.)
 269 
 270 
 271            oflag=value[,value...]
 272 
 273            Where values are comma-separated symbols from the following list
 274            which affect the behavior of writing the output file:
 275 
 276            dsync
 277                       The output file is opened with the O_DSYNC flag set. All
 278                       data writes will be synchronous. For more information on
 279                       O_DSYNC see fcntl.h(3HEAD).
 280 
 281 
 282            sync
 283                       The output file is opened with the O_SYNC flag set. All
 284                       data and metadata writes will be synchronous. For more
 285                       information on O_SYNC see fcntl.h(3HEAD).
 286 
 287 
 288 
 289            If operands other than conv= and oflag= are specified more than
 290            once, the last specified operand=value is used.
 291 
 292 
 293            For the bs=, cbs=, ibs=, and obs= operands, the application must
 294            supply an expression specifying a size in bytes. The expression,
 295            expr, can be:
 296 
 297                1.     a positive decimal number
 298 
 299                2.     a positive decimal number followed by k, specifying
 300                       multiplication by 1024
 301 
 302                3.     a positive decimal number followed by M, specifying
 303                       multiplication by 1024*1024
 304 
 305                4.     a positive decimal number followed by G, specifying
 306                       multiplication by 1024*1024*1024
 307 
 308                5.     a positive decimal number followed by T, specifying
 309                       multiplication by 1024*1024*1024*1024
 310 
 311                6.     a positive decimal number followed by P, specifying
 312                       multiplication by 1024*1024*1024*1024*1024
 313 
 314                7.     a positive decimal number followed by E, specifying
 315                       multiplication by 1024*1024*1024*1024*1024*1024
 316 
 317                8.     a positive decimal number followed by Z, specifying
 318                       multiplication by 1024*1024*1024*1024*1024*1024*1024
 319 
 320                9.     a positive decimal number followed by b, specifying
 321                       multiplication by 512
 322 
 323                10.    two or more positive decimal numbers (with or without k
 324                       or b) separated by x, specifying the product of the
 325                       indicated values.
 326 
 327 
 328            All of the operands will be processed before any input is read.
 329 
 330 SIGNALS
 331        When dd receives either SIGINFO or SIGUSR1, dd will emit the current
 332        input and output block counts, total bytes written, total time elapsed,
 333        and the number of bytes per second to standard error. This is the same
 334        information format that dd emits when it successfully completes. Users
 335        may send SIGINFO via their terminal. The default character is ^T, see
 336        stty(1) for more information.
 337 
 338 
 339        For SIGINT, dd writes status information to standard error before
 340        exiting. dd takes the standard action for all other signals.
 341 
 342 
 343 USAGE
 344        See largefile(5) for the description of the behavior of dd when
 345        encountering files greater than or equal to 2 Gbyte ( 2^31 bytes).
  
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