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NEX-17697 update tzdata to 2018e
Reviewed by: Dan Fields <dan.fields@nexenta.com>
Reviewed by: Roman Strashkin <roman.strashkin@nexenta.com>
8968 update tzdata to 2018a
Reviewed by: Toomas Soome <tsoome@me.com>
Reviewed by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
Approved by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>
NEX-15458 update zoneinfo to 2017c
Reviewed by: Roman Strashkin <roman.strashkin@nexenta.com>
NEX-15458 update zoneinfo to 2017c
Reviewed by: Roman Strashkin <roman.strashkin@nexenta.com>


  30 # invented and did not reflect common practice.
  31 
  32 ###############################################################################
  33 
  34 ###############################################################################
  35 
  36 # Argentina
  37 
  38 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
  39 # Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
  40 # Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974.  Switches at midnight.
  41 
  42 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-19):
  43 # ARGENTINA           3 H BEHIND   UTC
  44 
  45 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
  46 # I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
  47 # AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
  48 
  49 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
  50 Rule    Arg     1930    only    -       Dec      1      0:00    1:00    S
  51 Rule    Arg     1931    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
  52 Rule    Arg     1931    only    -       Oct     15      0:00    1:00    S
  53 Rule    Arg     1932    1940    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
  54 Rule    Arg     1932    1939    -       Nov      1      0:00    1:00    S
  55 Rule    Arg     1940    only    -       Jul      1      0:00    1:00    S
  56 Rule    Arg     1941    only    -       Jun     15      0:00    0       -
  57 Rule    Arg     1941    only    -       Oct     15      0:00    1:00    S
  58 Rule    Arg     1943    only    -       Aug      1      0:00    0       -
  59 Rule    Arg     1943    only    -       Oct     15      0:00    1:00    S
  60 Rule    Arg     1946    only    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
  61 Rule    Arg     1946    only    -       Oct      1      0:00    1:00    S
  62 Rule    Arg     1963    only    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       -
  63 Rule    Arg     1963    only    -       Dec     15      0:00    1:00    S
  64 Rule    Arg     1964    1966    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
  65 Rule    Arg     1964    1966    -       Oct     15      0:00    1:00    S
  66 Rule    Arg     1967    only    -       Apr      2      0:00    0       -
  67 Rule    Arg     1967    1968    -       Oct     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    S
  68 Rule    Arg     1968    1969    -       Apr     Sun>=1       0:00    0       -
  69 Rule    Arg     1974    only    -       Jan     23      0:00    1:00    S
  70 Rule    Arg     1974    only    -       May      1      0:00    0       -
  71 Rule    Arg     1988    only    -       Dec      1      0:00    1:00    S
  72 #
  73 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
  74 # These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
  75 # obtaining the data from the:
  76 # Talleres de Hidrografía Naval Argentina
  77 # (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
  78 Rule    Arg     1989    1993    -       Mar     Sun>=1       0:00    0       -
  79 Rule    Arg     1989    1992    -       Oct     Sun>=15      0:00    1:00    S
  80 #
  81 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
  82 # From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
  83 # time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
  84 # to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
  85 #
  86 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
  87 # On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
  88 # which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
  89 # from the International Date Line.
  90 Rule    Arg     1999    only    -       Oct     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    S
  91 # From Paul Eggert (2007-12-28):
  92 # DST was set to expire on March 5, not March 3, but since it was converted
  93 # to standard time on March 3 it's more convenient for us to pretend that
  94 # it ended on March 3.
  95 Rule    Arg     2000    only    -       Mar     3       0:00    0       -
  96 #
  97 # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
  98 # We just checked with our São Paulo office and they say the government of
  99 # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
 100 # So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
 101 #
 102 # From Fabián L. Arce Jofré (2000-04-04):
 103 # The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
 104 # de la Rúa on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
 105 # in the winter time, rather than less.  The change took effect on March 3.
 106 #
 107 # From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06):
 108 # one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999
 109 # Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be
 110 # in effect.... The article is at


 173 # http://www.boletinoficial.gov.ar/Bora.Portal/CustomControls/PdfContent.aspx?fp=17102008&pi=1&pf=1&s=0&sec=01
 174 #
 175 # Press release 235 dated Saturday October 18th, from the Government of the
 176 # Province of Jujuy saying it will not apply DST either (even when it was not
 177 # included in Decree 1705/2008).
 178 # http://www.jujuy.gov.ar/index2/partes_prensa/18_10_08/235-181008.doc
 179 
 180 # From fullinet (2009-10-18):
 181 # As announced in
 182 # http://www.argentina.gob.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=356
 183 # (an official .gob.ar) under title: "Sin Cambio de Hora"
 184 # (English: "No hour change").
 185 #
 186 # "Por el momento, el Gobierno Nacional resolvió no modificar la hora
 187 # oficial, decisión que estaba en estudio para su implementación el
 188 # domingo 18 de octubre. Desde el Ministerio de Planificación se anunció
 189 # que la Argentina hoy, en estas condiciones meteorológicas, no necesita
 190 # la modificación del huso horario, ya que 2009 nos encuentra con
 191 # crecimiento en la producción y distribución energética."
 192 
 193 Rule    Arg     2007    only    -       Dec     30      0:00    1:00    S
 194 Rule    Arg     2008    2009    -       Mar     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 195 Rule    Arg     2008    only    -       Oct     Sun>=15      0:00    1:00    S
 196 
 197 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-05-21):
 198 # Today it was officially published that the Province of Mendoza is changing
 199 # its timezone this winter... starting tomorrow night....
 200 # http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040521-27158-normas.pdf
 201 # From Paul Eggert (2004-05-24):
 202 # It's Law No. 7,210.  This change is due to a public power emergency, so for
 203 # now we'll assume it's for this year only.
 204 #
 205 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-09):
 206 # Hora de verano para la República Argentina
 207 # http://buenasiembra.com.ar/esoterismo/astrologia/hora-de-verano-de-la-republica-argentina-27.html
 208 # says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
 209 # to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25.  Go with this more-precise value
 210 # over Shanks & Pottenger.


 211 #
 212 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05):
 213 # These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state:
 214 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/27/de_604825.asp
 215 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/28/de_605203.asp
 216 #
 217 # The following eight (8) provinces pulled clocks back to UTC-04:00 at
 218 # midnight Monday May 31st. (that is, the night between 05/31 and 06/01).
 219 # Apparently, all nine provinces would go back to UTC-03:00 at the same
 220 # time in October 17th.
 221 #
 222 # Catamarca, Chubut, La Rioja, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz,
 223 # Tierra del Fuego, Tucumán.
 224 #
 225 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-14):
 226 # ... this weekend, the Province of Tucumán decided it'd go back to UTC-03:00
 227 # yesterday midnight (that is, at 24:00 Saturday 12th), since the people's
 228 # annoyance with the change is much higher than the power savings obtained....
 229 #
 230 # From Gwillim Law (2004-06-14):


 364 # America/Argentina/San_Luis entries should change to use these...
 365 # ...
 366 
 367 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-09):
 368 # According to news reports from El Diario de la República Province San
 369 # Luis, Argentina (standard time UTC-04) will keep Daylight Saving Time
 370 # after April 11, 2010 - will continue to have same time as rest of
 371 # Argentina (UTC-3) (no DST).
 372 #
 373 # Confirmaron la prórroga del huso horario de verano (Spanish)
 374 # http://www.eldiariodelarepublica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=29383&Itemid=9
 375 # or (some English translation):
 376 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina08.html
 377 
 378 # From Mariano Absatz (2010-04-12):
 379 # yes...I can confirm this...and given that San Luis keeps calling
 380 # UTC-03:00 "summer time", we should't just let San Luis go back to "Arg"
 381 # rules...San Luis is still using "Western ARgentina Time" and it got
 382 # stuck on Summer daylight savings time even though the summer is over.
 383 
 384 # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-05):
 385 # Perhaps San Luis operates on the legal fiction that it is at -04
 386 # with perpetual summer time, but ordinary usage typically seems to
 387 # just say it's at -03; see, for example,
 388 # https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hora_oficial_argentina
 389 # We've documented similar situations as being plain changes to
 390 # standard time, so let's do that here too.  This does not change UTC
 391 # offsets, only tm_isdst and the time zone abbreviations.  One minor
 392 # plus is that this silences a zic complaint that there's no POSIX TZ
 393 # setting for time stamps past 2038.
 394 
 395 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
 396 # Milne says Córdoba time was -4:16:48.2.  Round to the nearest second.
 397 
 398 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 399 #
 400 # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
 401 Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT      1894 Oct 31
 402                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May    # Córdoba Mean Time
 403                         -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
 404                         -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
 405                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
 406                         -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
 407                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02
 408 #
 409 # Córdoba (CB), Santa Fe (SF), Entre Ríos (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN),
 410 # Chaco (CC), Formosa (FM), Santiago del Estero (SE)
 411 #
 412 # Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified:
 413 # - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
 414 # - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
 415 # - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
 416 # - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
 417 #   then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.


 512 Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT   1894 Oct 31
 513                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 514                         -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
 515                         -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
 516                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1990 Mar  4
 517                         -4:00   -       -04     1990 Oct 15
 518                         -4:00   1:00    -03     1991 Mar  1
 519                         -4:00   -       -04     1991 Oct 15
 520                         -4:00   1:00    -03     1992 Mar  1
 521                         -4:00   -       -04     1992 Oct 18
 522                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
 523                         -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
 524                         -3:00   -       -03     2004 May 23
 525                         -4:00   -       -04     2004 Sep 26
 526                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
 527                         -3:00   -       -03
 528 #
 529 # San Luis (SL)
 530 
 531 Rule    SanLuis 2008    2009    -       Mar     Sun>=8       0:00    0       -
 532 Rule    SanLuis 2007    2008    -       Oct     Sun>=8       0:00    1:00    S
 533 
 534 Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT  1894 Oct 31
 535                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 536                         -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
 537                         -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
 538                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1990
 539                         -3:00   1:00    -02     1990 Mar 14
 540                         -4:00   -       -04     1990 Oct 15
 541                         -4:00   1:00    -03     1991 Mar  1
 542                         -4:00   -       -04     1991 Jun  1
 543                         -3:00   -       -03     1999 Oct  3
 544                         -4:00   1:00    -03     2000 Mar  3
 545                         -3:00   -       -03     2004 May 31
 546                         -4:00   -       -04     2004 Jul 25
 547                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 2008 Jan 21
 548                         -4:00   SanLuis -04/-03 2009 Oct 11
 549                         -3:00   -       -03
 550 #
 551 # Santa Cruz (SC)
 552 Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT      1894 Oct 31


 754 # https://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI6232536-EI306.html
 755 
 756 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-20):
 757 # Tocantins in Brazil is very likely not to observe DST from October....
 758 # http://conexaoto.com.br/2013/09/18/ministerio-confirma-que-tocantins-esta-fora-do-horario-de-verao-em-2013-mas-falta-publicacao-de-decreto
 759 # We will keep this article updated when this is confirmed:
 760 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-starts-dst-2013.html
 761 
 762 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-10-17):
 763 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/acre-amazonas-change-time-zone.html
 764 # Senator Jorge Viana announced that Acre will change time zone on November 10.
 765 # He did not specify the time of the change, nor if western parts of Amazonas
 766 # will change as well.
 767 #
 768 # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-17):
 769 # For now, assume western Amazonas will change as well.
 770 
 771 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 772 # Decree 20,466 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm> (1931-10-01)
 773 # Decree 21,896 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm> (1932-01-10)
 774 Rule    Brazil  1931    only    -       Oct      3      11:00   1:00    S
 775 Rule    Brazil  1932    1933    -       Apr      1       0:00   0       -
 776 Rule    Brazil  1932    only    -       Oct      3       0:00   1:00    S
 777 # Decree 23,195 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm> (1933-10-10)
 778 # revoked DST.
 779 # Decree 27,496 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm> (1949-11-24)
 780 # Decree 27,998 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm> (1950-04-13)
 781 Rule    Brazil  1949    1952    -       Dec      1       0:00   1:00    S
 782 Rule    Brazil  1950    only    -       Apr     16       1:00   0       -
 783 Rule    Brazil  1951    1952    -       Apr      1       0:00   0       -
 784 # Decree 32,308 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm> (1953-02-24)
 785 Rule    Brazil  1953    only    -       Mar      1       0:00   0       -
 786 # Decree 34,724 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm> (1953-11-30)
 787 # revoked DST.
 788 # Decree 52,700 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm> (1963-10-18)
 789 # established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
 790 # in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
 791 # Decree 53,071 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm> (1963-12-03)
 792 # extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
 793 Rule    Brazil  1963    only    -       Dec      9       0:00   1:00    S
 794 # Decree 53,604 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm> (1964-02-25)
 795 # extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
 796 Rule    Brazil  1964    only    -       Mar      1       0:00   0       -
 797 # Decree 55,639 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm> (1965-01-27)
 798 Rule    Brazil  1965    only    -       Jan     31       0:00   1:00    S
 799 Rule    Brazil  1965    only    -       Mar     31       0:00   0       -
 800 # Decree 57,303 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm> (1965-11-22)
 801 Rule    Brazil  1965    only    -       Dec      1       0:00   1:00    S
 802 # Decree 57,843 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm> (1966-02-18)
 803 Rule    Brazil  1966    1968    -       Mar      1       0:00   0       -
 804 Rule    Brazil  1966    1967    -       Nov      1       0:00   1:00    S
 805 # Decree 63,429 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm> (1968-10-15)
 806 # revoked DST.
 807 # Decree 91,698 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm> (1985-09-27)
 808 Rule    Brazil  1985    only    -       Nov      2       0:00   1:00    S
 809 # Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
 810 # Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
 811 Rule    Brazil  1986    only    -       Mar     15       0:00   0       -
 812 # Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
 813 Rule    Brazil  1986    only    -       Oct     25       0:00   1:00    S
 814 Rule    Brazil  1987    only    -       Feb     14       0:00   0       -
 815 # Decree 94,922 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm> (1987-09-22)
 816 Rule    Brazil  1987    only    -       Oct     25       0:00   1:00    S
 817 Rule    Brazil  1988    only    -       Feb      7       0:00   0       -
 818 # Decree 96,676 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm> (1988-09-12)
 819 # except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
 820 Rule    Brazil  1988    only    -       Oct     16       0:00   1:00    S
 821 Rule    Brazil  1989    only    -       Jan     29       0:00   0       -
 822 # Decree 98,077 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm> (1989-08-21)
 823 # with the same exceptions
 824 Rule    Brazil  1989    only    -       Oct     15       0:00   1:00    S
 825 Rule    Brazil  1990    only    -       Feb     11       0:00   0       -
 826 # Decree 99,530 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm> (1990-09-17)
 827 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
 828 # Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
 829 Rule    Brazil  1990    only    -       Oct     21       0:00   1:00    S
 830 Rule    Brazil  1991    only    -       Feb     17       0:00   0       -
 831 # Unnumbered decree <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm> (1991-09-25)
 832 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
 833 Rule    Brazil  1991    only    -       Oct     20       0:00   1:00    S
 834 Rule    Brazil  1992    only    -       Feb      9       0:00   0       -
 835 # Unnumbered decree <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm> (1992-10-16)
 836 # adopted by same states.
 837 Rule    Brazil  1992    only    -       Oct     25       0:00   1:00    S
 838 Rule    Brazil  1993    only    -       Jan     31       0:00   0       -
 839 # Decree 942 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm> (1993-09-28)
 840 # adopted by same states, plus AM.
 841 # Decree 1,252 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm> (1994-09-22;
 842 # web page corrected 2004-01-07) adopted by same states, minus AM.
 843 # Decree 1,636 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm> (1995-09-14)
 844 # adopted by same states, plus MT and TO.
 845 # Decree 1,674 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm> (1995-10-13)
 846 # adds AL, SE.
 847 Rule    Brazil  1993    1995    -       Oct     Sun>=11       0:00   1:00    S
 848 Rule    Brazil  1994    1995    -       Feb     Sun>=15       0:00   0       -
 849 Rule    Brazil  1996    only    -       Feb     11       0:00   0       -
 850 # Decree 2,000 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm> (1996-09-04)
 851 # adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
 852 Rule    Brazil  1996    only    -       Oct      6       0:00   1:00    S
 853 Rule    Brazil  1997    only    -       Feb     16       0:00   0       -
 854 # From Daniel C. Sobral (1998-02-12):
 855 # In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
 856 # because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
 857 # they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
 858 # This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
 859 # to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
 860 #
 861 # Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
 862 Rule    Brazil  1997    only    -       Oct      6       0:00   1:00    S
 863 # Decree 2,495 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG>
 864 # (1998-02-10)
 865 Rule    Brazil  1998    only    -       Mar      1       0:00   0       -
 866 # Decree 2,780 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg> (1998-09-11)
 867 # adopted by the same states as before.
 868 Rule    Brazil  1998    only    -       Oct     11       0:00   1:00    S
 869 Rule    Brazil  1999    only    -       Feb     21       0:00   0       -
 870 # Decree 3,150 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif>
 871 # (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
 872 # Decree 3,188 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif> (1999-09-30)
 873 # adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
 874 Rule    Brazil  1999    only    -       Oct      3       0:00   1:00    S
 875 Rule    Brazil  2000    only    -       Feb     27       0:00   0       -
 876 # Decree 3,592 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm> (2000-09-06)
 877 # adopted by the same states as before.
 878 # Decree 3,630 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg> (2000-10-13)
 879 # repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
 880 # Decree 3,632 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg> (2000-10-17)
 881 # repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
 882 # Decree 3,916 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif>
 883 # (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
 884 Rule    Brazil  2000    2001    -       Oct     Sun>=8        0:00   1:00    S
 885 Rule    Brazil  2001    2006    -       Feb     Sun>=15       0:00   0       -
 886 # Decree 4,399 (2002-10-01) repeals DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
 887 # 4,399 <http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2002/D4399.htm>
 888 Rule    Brazil  2002    only    -       Nov      3       0:00   1:00    S
 889 # Decree 4,844 (2003-09-24; corrected 2003-09-26) repeals DST in BA, MT, TO.
 890 # 4,844 <http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2003/D4844.htm>
 891 Rule    Brazil  2003    only    -       Oct     19       0:00   1:00    S
 892 # Decree 5,223 (2004-10-01) reestablishes DST in MT.
 893 # 5,223 <http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5223.htm>
 894 Rule    Brazil  2004    only    -       Nov      2       0:00   1:00    S
 895 # Decree 5,539 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5539.gif> (2005-09-19),
 896 # adopted by the same states as before.
 897 Rule    Brazil  2005    only    -       Oct     16       0:00   1:00    S
 898 # Decree 5,920 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5920.gif> (2006-10-03),
 899 # adopted by the same states as before.
 900 Rule    Brazil  2006    only    -       Nov      5       0:00   1:00    S
 901 Rule    Brazil  2007    only    -       Feb     25       0:00   0       -
 902 # Decree 6,212 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV6212.gif> (2007-09-26),
 903 # adopted by the same states as before.
 904 Rule    Brazil  2007    only    -       Oct     Sun>=8        0:00   1:00    S
 905 # From Frederico A. C. Neves (2008-09-10):
 906 # According to this decree
 907 # http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2007-2010/2008/Decreto/D6558.htm
 908 # [t]he DST period in Brazil now on will be from the 3rd Oct Sunday to the
 909 # 3rd Feb Sunday. There is an exception on the return date when this is
 910 # the Carnival Sunday then the return date will be the next Sunday...
 911 Rule    Brazil  2008    2017    -       Oct     Sun>=15      0:00    1:00    S
 912 Rule    Brazil  2008    2011    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 913 # Decree 7,584 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HVdecreto7584_20111013.jpg> (2011-10-13)
 914 # added Bahia.
 915 Rule    Brazil  2012    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
 916 # Decree 7,826 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HVdecreto7826_20121015.jpg> (2012-10-15)
 917 # removed Bahia and added Tocantins.
 918 # Decree 8,112 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HVdecreto8112_20130930.JPG> (2013-09-30)
 919 # removed Tocantins.
 920 Rule    Brazil  2013    2014    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 921 Rule    Brazil  2015    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
 922 Rule    Brazil  2016    2022    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 923 # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-12-18):
 924 # According to many media sources, next year's DST start in Brazil will move to
 925 # the first Sunday of November, and it will stay like that for the years after.
 926 # ... https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-delays-dst-2018.html
 927 # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-12-20):
 928 # http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2015-2018/2017/decreto/D9242.htm
 929 Rule    Brazil  2018    max     -       Nov     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    S
 930 Rule    Brazil  2023    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
 931 Rule    Brazil  2024    2025    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 932 Rule    Brazil  2026    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
 933 Rule    Brazil  2027    2033    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 934 Rule    Brazil  2034    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
 935 Rule    Brazil  2035    2036    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 936 Rule    Brazil  2037    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
 937 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-09-29):
 938 # The next is wrong in some years but is better than nothing.
 939 Rule    Brazil  2038    max     -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 940 
 941 # The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST:
 942 # DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP.
 943 
 944 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 945 #
 946 # Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE)
 947 Zone America/Noronha    -2:09:40 -      LMT     1914
 948                         -2:00   Brazil  -02/-01 1990 Sep 17
 949                         -2:00   -       -02     1999 Sep 30


1216 #
1217 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
1218 # For now, assume the pattern holds for the indefinite future.
1219 # The decree says transitions occur at 24:00; in practice this appears
1220 # to mean 24:00 mainland time, not 24:00 local time, so that Easter
1221 # Island is always two hours behind the mainland.
1222 
1223 # From Juan Correa (2016-12-04):
1224 # Magallanes region ... will keep DST (UTC -3) all year round....
1225 # http://www.soychile.cl/Santiago/Sociedad/2016/12/04/433428/Bachelet-firmo-el-decreto-para-establecer-un-horario-unico-para-la-Region-de-Magallanes.aspx
1226 #
1227 # From Deborah Goldsmith (2017-01-19):
1228 # http://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2017/01/17/41660/01/1169626.pdf
1229 # From Paul Eggert (2017-01-19):
1230 # The above says the Magallanes change expires 2019-05-11 at 24:00,
1231 # so in theory, they will revert to -04/-03 after that, which means
1232 # they will switch from -03 to -04 one hour after Santiago does that day.
1233 # For now, assume that they will not revert.
1234 
1235 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1236 Rule    Chile   1927    1931    -       Sep      1      0:00    1:00    S
1237 Rule    Chile   1928    1932    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1238 Rule    Chile   1968    only    -       Nov      3      4:00u   1:00    S
1239 Rule    Chile   1969    only    -       Mar     30      3:00u   0       -
1240 Rule    Chile   1969    only    -       Nov     23      4:00u   1:00    S
1241 Rule    Chile   1970    only    -       Mar     29      3:00u   0       -
1242 Rule    Chile   1971    only    -       Mar     14      3:00u   0       -
1243 Rule    Chile   1970    1972    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    S
1244 Rule    Chile   1972    1986    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1245 Rule    Chile   1973    only    -       Sep     30      4:00u   1:00    S
1246 Rule    Chile   1974    1987    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    S
1247 Rule    Chile   1987    only    -       Apr     12      3:00u   0       -
1248 Rule    Chile   1988    1990    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1249 Rule    Chile   1988    1989    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    S
1250 Rule    Chile   1990    only    -       Sep     16      4:00u   1:00    S
1251 Rule    Chile   1991    1996    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1252 Rule    Chile   1991    1997    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    S
1253 Rule    Chile   1997    only    -       Mar     30      3:00u   0       -
1254 Rule    Chile   1998    only    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1255 Rule    Chile   1998    only    -       Sep     27      4:00u   1:00    S
1256 Rule    Chile   1999    only    -       Apr      4      3:00u   0       -
1257 Rule    Chile   1999    2010    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    S
1258 Rule    Chile   2000    2007    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1259 # N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time,
1260 # which is used below in specifying the transition.
1261 Rule    Chile   2008    only    -       Mar     30      3:00u   0       -
1262 Rule    Chile   2009    only    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1263 Rule    Chile   2010    only    -       Apr     Sun>=1       3:00u   0       -
1264 Rule    Chile   2011    only    -       May     Sun>=2       3:00u   0       -
1265 Rule    Chile   2011    only    -       Aug     Sun>=16      4:00u   1:00    S
1266 Rule    Chile   2012    2014    -       Apr     Sun>=23      3:00u   0       -
1267 Rule    Chile   2012    2014    -       Sep     Sun>=2       4:00u   1:00    S
1268 Rule    Chile   2016    max     -       May     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1269 Rule    Chile   2016    max     -       Aug     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    S
1270 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
1271 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08.  Ignore these.
1272 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1273 Zone America/Santiago   -4:42:46 -      LMT     1890
1274                         -4:42:46 -      SMT     1910 Jan 10 # Santiago Mean Time
1275                         -5:00   -       -05     1916 Jul  1
1276                         -4:42:46 -      SMT     1918 Sep 10
1277                         -4:00   -       -04     1919 Jul  1
1278                         -4:42:46 -      SMT     1927 Sep  1
1279                         -5:00   Chile   -05/-04 1932 Sep  1
1280                         -4:00   -       -04     1942 Jun  1
1281                         -5:00   -       -05     1942 Aug  1
1282                         -4:00   -       -04     1946 Jul 15
1283                         -4:00   1:00    -03     1946 Sep  1 # central Chile
1284                         -4:00   -       -04     1947 Apr  1
1285                         -5:00   -       -05     1947 May 21 23:00
1286                         -4:00   Chile   -04/-03
1287 Zone America/Punta_Arenas -4:43:40 -    LMT     1890
1288                         -4:42:46 -      SMT     1910 Jan 10
1289                         -5:00   -       -05     1916 Jul  1


1314 # From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06):
1315 # It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us
1316 # and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line....
1317 # I verified with someone who was there that since 1980,
1318 # Palmer has followed Chile.  Prior to that, before the Falklands War,
1319 # Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.
1320 #
1321 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1322 Zone Antarctica/Palmer  0       -       -00     1965
1323                         -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
1324                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1982 May
1325                         -4:00   Chile   -04/-03 2016 Dec  4
1326                         -3:00   -       -03
1327 
1328 # Colombia
1329 
1330 # Milne gives 4:56:16.4 for Bogotá time in 1899; round to nearest.  He writes,
1331 # "A variation of fifteen minutes in the public clocks of Bogota is not rare."
1332 
1333 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1334 Rule    CO      1992    only    -       May      3      0:00    1:00    S
1335 Rule    CO      1993    only    -       Apr      4      0:00    0       -
1336 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1337 Zone    America/Bogota  -4:56:16 -      LMT     1884 Mar 13
1338                         -4:56:16 -      BMT     1914 Nov 23 # Bogotá Mean Time
1339                         -5:00   CO      -05/-04
1340 # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
1341 # no information; probably like America/Bogota
1342 
1343 # Curaçao
1344 
1345 # Milne gives 4:35:46.9 for Curaçao mean time; round to nearest.
1346 #
1347 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1348 # Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at
1349 # -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that
1350 # Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from
1351 # 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.  The former is dubious, since S&P also say
1352 # Saba Island has been like Curaçao.
1353 # This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
1354 #


1374 # Ecuador
1375 #
1376 # Milne says the Central and South American Telegraph Company used -5:24:15.
1377 #
1378 # From Alois Treindl (2016-12-15):
1379 # https://www.elcomercio.com/actualidad/hora-sixto-1993.html
1380 # ... Whether the law applied also to Galápagos, I do not know.
1381 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-15):
1382 # https://www.elcomercio.com/afull/modificacion-husohorario-ecuador-presidentes-decreto.html
1383 # This says President Sixto Durán Ballén signed decree No. 285, which
1384 # established DST from 1992-11-28 to 1993-02-05; it does not give transition
1385 # times.  The people called it "hora de Sixto" ("Sixto hour").  The change did
1386 # not go over well; a popular song "Qué hora es" by Jaime Guevara had lyrics
1387 # that included "Amanecía en mitad de la noche, los guaguas iban a clase sin
1388 # sol" ("It was dawning in the middle of the night, the buses went to class
1389 # without sun").  Although Ballén's campaign slogan was "Ni un paso atrás"
1390 # (Not one step back), the clocks went back in 1993 and the experiment was not
1391 # repeated.  For now, assume transitions were at 00:00 local time country-wide.
1392 #
1393 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1394 Rule    Ecuador 1992    only    -       Nov     28      0:00    1:00    S
1395 Rule    Ecuador 1993    only    -       Feb      5      0:00    0       -
1396 #
1397 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1398 Zone America/Guayaquil  -5:19:20 -      LMT     1890
1399                         -5:14:00 -      QMT     1931 # Quito Mean Time
1400                         -5:00   Ecuador -05/-04
1401 Zone Pacific/Galapagos  -5:58:24 -      LMT     1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
1402                         -5:00   -       -05     1986
1403                         -6:00   Ecuador -06/-05
1404 
1405 # Falklands
1406 
1407 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1408 # Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks & Pottenger and the IATA agree except
1409 # the IATA gives 1996-09-08.  Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1410 
1411 # From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
1412 # via Jesper Nørgaard:
1413 # ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
1414 # April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2


1464 # Normally the clocks revert to Local Mean Time (UTC/GMT -4 hours) on the
1465 # third Sunday of April at 0200hrs and advance to Summer Time (UTC/GMT -3
1466 # hours) on the first Sunday of September at 0200hrs.
1467 #
1468 # IMPORTANT NOTE: During 2011, on a trial basis, the Falkland Islands
1469 # will not revert to local mean time, but clocks will remain on Summer
1470 # time (UTC/GMT - 3 hours) throughout the whole of 2011.  Any long term
1471 # change to local time following the trial period will be notified.
1472 #
1473 # From Andrew Newman (2012-02-24)
1474 # A letter from Justin McPhee, Chief Executive,
1475 # Cable & Wireless Falkland Islands (dated 2012-02-22)
1476 # states...
1477 #   The current Atlantic/Stanley entry under South America expects the
1478 #   clocks to go back to standard Falklands Time (FKT) on the 15th April.
1479 #   The database entry states that in 2011 Stanley was staying on fixed
1480 #   summer time on a trial basis only.  FIG need to contact IANA and/or
1481 #   the maintainers of the database to inform them we're adopting
1482 #   the same policy this year and suggest recommendations for future years.
1483 #
1484 # For now we will assume permanent summer time for the Falklands
1485 # until advised differently (to apply for 2012 and beyond, after the 2011
1486 # experiment was apparently successful.)
1487 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1488 Rule    Falk    1937    1938    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1:00    S
1489 Rule    Falk    1938    1942    -       Mar     Sun>=19      0:00    0       -
1490 Rule    Falk    1939    only    -       Oct     1       0:00    1:00    S
1491 Rule    Falk    1940    1942    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1:00    S
1492 Rule    Falk    1943    only    -       Jan     1       0:00    0       -
1493 Rule    Falk    1983    only    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1:00    S
1494 Rule    Falk    1984    1985    -       Apr     lastSun 0:00    0       -
1495 Rule    Falk    1984    only    -       Sep     16      0:00    1:00    S
1496 Rule    Falk    1985    2000    -       Sep     Sun>=9       0:00    1:00    S
1497 Rule    Falk    1986    2000    -       Apr     Sun>=16      0:00    0       -
1498 Rule    Falk    2001    2010    -       Apr     Sun>=15      2:00    0       -
1499 Rule    Falk    2001    2010    -       Sep     Sun>=1       2:00    1:00    S
1500 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1501 Zone Atlantic/Stanley   -3:51:24 -      LMT     1890
1502                         -3:51:24 -      SMT     1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
1503                         -4:00   Falk    -04/-03 1983 May
1504                         -3:00   Falk    -03/-02 1985 Sep 15
1505                         -4:00   Falk    -04/-03 2010 Sep  5  2:00
1506                         -3:00   -       -03
1507 
1508 # French Guiana
1509 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1510 Zone America/Cayenne    -3:29:20 -      LMT     1911 Jul
1511                         -4:00   -       -04     1967 Oct
1512                         -3:00   -       -03
1513 
1514 # Guyana
1515 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1516 Zone    America/Guyana  -3:52:40 -      LMT     1915 Mar    # Georgetown
1517                         -3:45   -       -0345   1975 Jul 31
1518                         -3:00   -       -03     1991
1519 # IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00.  Assume a 1991 switch.
1520                         -4:00   -       -04
1521 
1522 # Paraguay
1523 #
1524 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1525 # Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are 01:00 -> 02:00,
1526 # and autumn transitions are 00:00 -> 23:00.  Go with pre-1999
1527 # editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
1528 #
1529 # From Waldemar Villamayor-Venialbo (2013-09-20):
1530 # No time of the day is established for the adjustment, so people normally
1531 # adjust their clocks at 0 hour of the given dates.
1532 #
1533 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1534 Rule    Para    1975    1988    -       Oct      1      0:00    1:00    S
1535 Rule    Para    1975    1978    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
1536 Rule    Para    1979    1991    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1537 Rule    Para    1989    only    -       Oct     22      0:00    1:00    S
1538 Rule    Para    1990    only    -       Oct      1      0:00    1:00    S
1539 Rule    Para    1991    only    -       Oct      6      0:00    1:00    S
1540 Rule    Para    1992    only    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
1541 Rule    Para    1992    only    -       Oct      5      0:00    1:00    S
1542 Rule    Para    1993    only    -       Mar     31      0:00    0       -
1543 Rule    Para    1993    1995    -       Oct      1      0:00    1:00    S
1544 Rule    Para    1994    1995    -       Feb     lastSun 0:00    0       -
1545 Rule    Para    1996    only    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
1546 # IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
1547 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
1548 # I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
1549 # (10-01).
1550 #
1551 # Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
1552 # Noticias, a daily paper in Asunción, Paraguay (2000-10-01):
1553 # http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm
1554 # Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
1555 # fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power....  The time change
1556 # system has been operating for several years.  Formerly there was a separate
1557 # decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently.  Every
1558 # year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
1559 # clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
1560 #
1561 Rule    Para    1996    2001    -       Oct     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    S
1562 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1563 Rule    Para    1997    only    -       Feb     lastSun 0:00    0       -
1564 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
1565 # (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
1566 Rule    Para    1998    2001    -       Mar     Sun>=1       0:00    0       -
1567 # From Rives McDow (2002-02-28):
1568 # A decree was issued in Paraguay (No. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that changed the
1569 # dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in
1570 # April.
1571 Rule    Para    2002    2004    -       Apr     Sun>=1       0:00    0       -
1572 Rule    Para    2002    2003    -       Sep     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    S
1573 #
1574 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-01-02):
1575 # There are several sources that claim that Paraguay made
1576 # a timezone rule change in autumn 2004.
1577 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-01-05):
1578 # Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05)
1579 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso via Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-13)
1580 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/decretos/D1867.pdf
1581 Rule    Para    2004    2009    -       Oct     Sun>=15      0:00    1:00    S
1582 Rule    Para    2005    2009    -       Mar     Sun>=8       0:00    0       -
1583 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2010-02-18):
1584 # By decree number 3958 issued yesterday
1585 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/v1/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/decreto3958.pdf
1586 # Paraguay changes its DST schedule, postponing the March rule to April and
1587 # modifying the October date. The decree reads:
1588 # ...
1589 # Art. 1. It is hereby established that from the second Sunday of the month of
1590 # April of this year (2010), the official time is to be set back 60 minutes,
1591 # and that on the first Sunday of the month of October, it is to be set
1592 # forward 60 minutes, in all the territory of the Paraguayan Republic.
1593 # ...
1594 Rule    Para    2010    max     -       Oct     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    S
1595 Rule    Para    2010    2012    -       Apr     Sun>=8       0:00    0       -
1596 #
1597 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-07):
1598 # Paraguay will end DST on 2013-03-24 00:00....
1599 # http://www.ande.gov.py/interna.php?id=1075
1600 #
1601 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2013-03-15):
1602 # The change in Paraguay is now final.  Decree number 10780
1603 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/uploads/pdf/presidencia-3b86ff4b691c79d4f5927ca964922ec74772ce857c02ca054a52a37b49afc7fb.pdf
1604 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2014-02-28):
1605 # Decree 1264 can be found at:
1606 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/archivos/documentos/DECRETO1264_ey9r8zai.pdf
1607 Rule    Para    2013    max     -       Mar     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
1608 
1609 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1610 Zone America/Asuncion   -3:50:40 -      LMT     1890
1611                         -3:50:40 -      AMT     1931 Oct 10 # Asunción Mean Time
1612                         -4:00   -       -04     1972 Oct
1613                         -3:00   -       -03     1974 Apr
1614                         -4:00   Para    -04/-03
1615 
1616 # Peru
1617 #
1618 # From Evelyn C. Leeper via Mark Brader (2003-10-26)
1619 # <news:xrGmb.39935$gA1.13896113@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net>:
1620 # When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over
1621 # sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon.
1622 #
1623 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1624 # Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition.  Assume 1986 was like 1987.
1625 
1626 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1627 Rule    Peru    1938    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    S
1628 Rule    Peru    1938    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1629 Rule    Peru    1938    1939    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1:00    S
1630 Rule    Peru    1939    1940    -       Mar     Sun>=24      0:00    0       -
1631 Rule    Peru    1986    1987    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    S
1632 Rule    Peru    1986    1987    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1633 Rule    Peru    1990    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    S
1634 Rule    Peru    1990    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1635 # IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1636 Rule    Peru    1994    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    S
1637 Rule    Peru    1994    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1638 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1639 Zone    America/Lima    -5:08:12 -      LMT     1890
1640                         -5:08:36 -      LMT     1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
1641                         -5:00   Peru    -05/-04
1642 
1643 # South Georgia
1644 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1645 Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 -  LMT     1890 # Grytviken
1646                         -2:00   -       -02
1647 
1648 # South Sandwich Is
1649 # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
1650 
1651 # Suriname
1652 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1653 Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 -      LMT     1911
1654                         -3:40:52 -      PMT     1935     # Paramaribo Mean Time
1655                         -3:40:36 -      PMT     1945 Oct    # The capital moved?
1656                         -3:30   -       -0330   1984 Oct


1662                         -4:00   -       AST
1663 
1664 # These all agree with Trinidad and Tobago since 1970.
1665 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Anguilla
1666 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Antigua
1667 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Dominica
1668 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Grenada
1669 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Guadeloupe
1670 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Marigot      # St Martin (French part)
1671 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Montserrat
1672 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Barthelemy # St Barthélemy
1673 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Kitts     # St Kitts & Nevis
1674 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Lucia
1675 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Thomas    # Virgin Islands (US)
1676 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Vincent
1677 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Tortola      # Virgin Islands (UK)
1678 
1679 # Uruguay
1680 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
1681 # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
1682 # From Shanks & Pottenger:







































1683 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1684 # Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1685 Rule    Uruguay 1923    only    -       Oct      2       0:00   0:30    HS
1686 Rule    Uruguay 1924    1926    -       Apr      1       0:00   0       -
1687 Rule    Uruguay 1924    1925    -       Oct      1       0:00   0:30    HS
1688 Rule    Uruguay 1933    1935    -       Oct     lastSun  0:00   0:30    HS
1689 # Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 1 0:00 & 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
1690 Rule    Uruguay 1934    1936    -       Mar     Sat>=25      23:30s  0       -
1691 Rule    Uruguay 1936    only    -       Nov      1       0:00   0:30    HS
1692 Rule    Uruguay 1937    1941    -       Mar     lastSun  0:00   0       -
1693 # Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1694 Rule    Uruguay 1937    1940    -       Oct     lastSun  0:00   0:30    HS
1695 # Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
1696 # and 1943 Apr 13 "to present time"; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1697 Rule    Uruguay 1941    only    -       Aug      1       0:00   0:30    HS
1698 Rule    Uruguay 1942    only    -       Jan      1       0:00   0       -
1699 Rule    Uruguay 1942    only    -       Dec     14       0:00   1:00    S
















































1700 Rule    Uruguay 1943    only    -       Mar     14       0:00   0       -
1701 Rule    Uruguay 1959    only    -       May     24       0:00   1:00    S
1702 Rule    Uruguay 1959    only    -       Nov     15       0:00   0       -
1703 Rule    Uruguay 1960    only    -       Jan     17       0:00   1:00    S
1704 Rule    Uruguay 1960    only    -       Mar      6       0:00   0       -
1705 Rule    Uruguay 1965    1967    -       Apr     Sun>=1        0:00   1:00    S
1706 Rule    Uruguay 1965    only    -       Sep     26       0:00   0       -
1707 Rule    Uruguay 1966    1967    -       Oct     31       0:00   0       -
1708 Rule    Uruguay 1968    1970    -       May     27       0:00   0:30    HS
1709 Rule    Uruguay 1968    1970    -       Dec      2       0:00   0       -
1710 Rule    Uruguay 1972    only    -       Apr     24       0:00   1:00    S
1711 Rule    Uruguay 1972    only    -       Aug     15       0:00   0       -
1712 Rule    Uruguay 1974    only    -       Mar     10       0:00   0:30    HS
1713 Rule    Uruguay 1974    only    -       Dec     22       0:00   1:00    S
1714 Rule    Uruguay 1976    only    -       Oct      1       0:00   0       -
1715 Rule    Uruguay 1977    only    -       Dec      4       0:00   1:00    S
1716 Rule    Uruguay 1978    only    -       Apr      1       0:00   0       -
1717 Rule    Uruguay 1979    only    -       Oct      1       0:00   1:00    S
1718 Rule    Uruguay 1980    only    -       May      1       0:00   0       -
1719 Rule    Uruguay 1987    only    -       Dec     14       0:00   1:00    S
1720 Rule    Uruguay 1988    only    -       Mar     14       0:00   0       -
1721 Rule    Uruguay 1988    only    -       Dec     11       0:00   1:00    S
1722 Rule    Uruguay 1989    only    -       Mar     12       0:00   0       -
1723 Rule    Uruguay 1989    only    -       Oct     29       0:00   1:00    S
1724 # Shanks & Pottenger say no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
1725 # and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01.  Go with IATA.
1726 Rule    Uruguay 1990    1992    -       Mar     Sun>=1        0:00   0       -
1727 Rule    Uruguay 1990    1991    -       Oct     Sun>=21       0:00   1:00    S
1728 Rule    Uruguay 1992    only    -       Oct     18       0:00   1:00    S






























1729 Rule    Uruguay 1993    only    -       Feb     28       0:00   0       -
1730 # From Eduardo Cota (2004-09-20):
1731 # The Uruguayan government has decreed a change in the local time....
1732 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/decretos/2004091502.htm
1733 Rule    Uruguay 2004    only    -       Sep     19       0:00   1:00    S


1734 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-03-11):
1735 # Uruguay's DST was scheduled to end on Sunday, 2005-03-13, but in order to
1736 # save energy ... it was postponed two weeks....
1737 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/noticias/2005/03/2005031005.htm






1738 Rule    Uruguay 2005    only    -       Mar     27       2:00   0       -
1739 # From Eduardo Cota (2005-09-27):
1740 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/decretos/2005/09/CM%20119_09%2009%202005_00001.PDF
1741 # This means that from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at
1742 # 02:00 local time, official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2.
1743 Rule    Uruguay 2005    only    -       Oct      9       2:00   1:00    S
1744 Rule    Uruguay 2006    only    -       Mar     12       2:00   0       -
1745 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-06):
1746 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2006/09/CM%20210_08%2006%202006_00001.PDF
1747 #





1748 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-06-30):
1749 # ... it looks like they will not be using DST the coming summer:
1750 # http://www.elobservador.com.uy/gobierno-resolvio-que-no-habra-cambio-horario-verano-n656787
1751 # http://www.republica.com.uy/este-ano-no-se-modificara-el-huso-horario-en-uruguay/523760/
1752 # From Paul Eggert (2015-06-30):
1753 # Apparently restaurateurs complained that DST caused people to go to the beach
1754 # instead of out to dinner.
1755 # From Pablo Camargo (2015-07-13):
1756 # http://archivo.presidencia.gub.uy/sci/decretos/2015/06/cons_min_201.pdf
1757 # [dated 2015-06-29; repeals Decree 311/006 dated 2006-09-04]
1758 Rule    Uruguay 2006    2014    -       Oct     Sun>=1        2:00   1:00    S
1759 Rule    Uruguay 2007    2015    -       Mar     Sun>=8        2:00   0       -
1760 
1761 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z.
1762 Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 -      LMT     1898 Jun 28
1763                         -3:44:44 -      MMT     1920 May  1 # Montevideo MT

1764                         -3:30   Uruguay -0330/-03 1942 Dec 14

1765                         -3:00   Uruguay -03/-02 1968
1766                         -3:00   Uruguay -03/-0230 1971
1767                         -3:00   Uruguay -03/-02 1974

1768                         -3:00   Uruguay -03/-0230 1974 Dec 22
1769                         -3:00   Uruguay -03/-02
1770 
1771 # Venezuela
1772 #
1773 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-28):
1774 # For the 1965 transition see Gaceta Oficial No. 27.619 (1964-12-15), p 205.533
1775 # http://www.pgr.gob.ve/dmdocuments/1964/27619.pdf
1776 #
1777 # From John Stainforth (2007-11-28):
1778 # ... the change for Venezuela originally expected for 2007-12-31 has
1779 # been brought forward to 2007-12-09.  The official announcement was
1780 # published today in the "Gaceta Oficial de la República Bolivariana
1781 # de Venezuela, número 38.819" (official document for all laws or
1782 # resolution publication)
1783 # http://www.globovision.com/news.php?nid=72208
1784 
1785 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-04-15):
1786 # https://actualidad.rt.com/actualidad/204758-venezuela-modificar-huso-horario-sequia-elnino
1787 #


  30 # invented and did not reflect common practice.
  31 
  32 ###############################################################################
  33 
  34 ###############################################################################
  35 
  36 # Argentina
  37 
  38 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
  39 # Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
  40 # Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974.  Switches at midnight.
  41 
  42 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-19):
  43 # ARGENTINA           3 H BEHIND   UTC
  44 
  45 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
  46 # I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
  47 # AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
  48 
  49 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
  50 Rule    Arg     1930    only    -       Dec      1      0:00    1:00    -
  51 Rule    Arg     1931    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
  52 Rule    Arg     1931    only    -       Oct     15      0:00    1:00    -
  53 Rule    Arg     1932    1940    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
  54 Rule    Arg     1932    1939    -       Nov      1      0:00    1:00    -
  55 Rule    Arg     1940    only    -       Jul      1      0:00    1:00    -
  56 Rule    Arg     1941    only    -       Jun     15      0:00    0       -
  57 Rule    Arg     1941    only    -       Oct     15      0:00    1:00    -
  58 Rule    Arg     1943    only    -       Aug      1      0:00    0       -
  59 Rule    Arg     1943    only    -       Oct     15      0:00    1:00    -
  60 Rule    Arg     1946    only    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
  61 Rule    Arg     1946    only    -       Oct      1      0:00    1:00    -
  62 Rule    Arg     1963    only    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       -
  63 Rule    Arg     1963    only    -       Dec     15      0:00    1:00    -
  64 Rule    Arg     1964    1966    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
  65 Rule    Arg     1964    1966    -       Oct     15      0:00    1:00    -
  66 Rule    Arg     1967    only    -       Apr      2      0:00    0       -
  67 Rule    Arg     1967    1968    -       Oct     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    -
  68 Rule    Arg     1968    1969    -       Apr     Sun>=1       0:00    0       -
  69 Rule    Arg     1974    only    -       Jan     23      0:00    1:00    -
  70 Rule    Arg     1974    only    -       May      1      0:00    0       -
  71 Rule    Arg     1988    only    -       Dec      1      0:00    1:00    -
  72 #
  73 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
  74 # These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
  75 # obtaining the data from the:
  76 # Talleres de Hidrografía Naval Argentina
  77 # (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
  78 Rule    Arg     1989    1993    -       Mar     Sun>=1       0:00    0       -
  79 Rule    Arg     1989    1992    -       Oct     Sun>=15      0:00    1:00    -
  80 #
  81 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
  82 # From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
  83 # time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
  84 # to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
  85 #
  86 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
  87 # On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
  88 # which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
  89 # from the International Date Line.
  90 Rule    Arg     1999    only    -       Oct     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    -
  91 # From Paul Eggert (2007-12-28):
  92 # DST was set to expire on March 5, not March 3, but since it was converted
  93 # to standard time on March 3 it's more convenient for us to pretend that
  94 # it ended on March 3.
  95 Rule    Arg     2000    only    -       Mar     3       0:00    0       -
  96 #
  97 # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
  98 # We just checked with our São Paulo office and they say the government of
  99 # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
 100 # So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
 101 #
 102 # From Fabián L. Arce Jofré (2000-04-04):
 103 # The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
 104 # de la Rúa on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
 105 # in the winter time, rather than less.  The change took effect on March 3.
 106 #
 107 # From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06):
 108 # one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999
 109 # Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be
 110 # in effect.... The article is at


 173 # http://www.boletinoficial.gov.ar/Bora.Portal/CustomControls/PdfContent.aspx?fp=17102008&pi=1&pf=1&s=0&sec=01
 174 #
 175 # Press release 235 dated Saturday October 18th, from the Government of the
 176 # Province of Jujuy saying it will not apply DST either (even when it was not
 177 # included in Decree 1705/2008).
 178 # http://www.jujuy.gov.ar/index2/partes_prensa/18_10_08/235-181008.doc
 179 
 180 # From fullinet (2009-10-18):
 181 # As announced in
 182 # http://www.argentina.gob.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=356
 183 # (an official .gob.ar) under title: "Sin Cambio de Hora"
 184 # (English: "No hour change").
 185 #
 186 # "Por el momento, el Gobierno Nacional resolvió no modificar la hora
 187 # oficial, decisión que estaba en estudio para su implementación el
 188 # domingo 18 de octubre. Desde el Ministerio de Planificación se anunció
 189 # que la Argentina hoy, en estas condiciones meteorológicas, no necesita
 190 # la modificación del huso horario, ya que 2009 nos encuentra con
 191 # crecimiento en la producción y distribución energética."
 192 
 193 Rule    Arg     2007    only    -       Dec     30      0:00    1:00    -
 194 Rule    Arg     2008    2009    -       Mar     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 195 Rule    Arg     2008    only    -       Oct     Sun>=15      0:00    1:00    -
 196 
 197 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-05-21):
 198 # Today it was officially published that the Province of Mendoza is changing
 199 # its timezone this winter... starting tomorrow night....
 200 # http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040521-27158-normas.pdf
 201 # From Paul Eggert (2004-05-24):
 202 # It's Law No. 7,210.  This change is due to a public power emergency, so for
 203 # now we'll assume it's for this year only.
 204 #
 205 # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-31):
 206 # Hora de verano para la República Argentina
 207 # http://buenasiembra.com.ar/esoterismo/astrologia/hora-de-verano-de-la-republica-argentina-27.html
 208 # says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
 209 # to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25.  Go with this more-precise value
 210 # over Shanks & Pottenger.  It is upward compatible with Milne, who
 211 # says Córdoba time was -4:16:48.2.
 212 
 213 #
 214 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05):
 215 # These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state:
 216 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/27/de_604825.asp
 217 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/28/de_605203.asp
 218 #
 219 # The following eight (8) provinces pulled clocks back to UTC-04:00 at
 220 # midnight Monday May 31st. (that is, the night between 05/31 and 06/01).
 221 # Apparently, all nine provinces would go back to UTC-03:00 at the same
 222 # time in October 17th.
 223 #
 224 # Catamarca, Chubut, La Rioja, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz,
 225 # Tierra del Fuego, Tucumán.
 226 #
 227 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-14):
 228 # ... this weekend, the Province of Tucumán decided it'd go back to UTC-03:00
 229 # yesterday midnight (that is, at 24:00 Saturday 12th), since the people's
 230 # annoyance with the change is much higher than the power savings obtained....
 231 #
 232 # From Gwillim Law (2004-06-14):


 366 # America/Argentina/San_Luis entries should change to use these...
 367 # ...
 368 
 369 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-09):
 370 # According to news reports from El Diario de la República Province San
 371 # Luis, Argentina (standard time UTC-04) will keep Daylight Saving Time
 372 # after April 11, 2010 - will continue to have same time as rest of
 373 # Argentina (UTC-3) (no DST).
 374 #
 375 # Confirmaron la prórroga del huso horario de verano (Spanish)
 376 # http://www.eldiariodelarepublica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=29383&Itemid=9
 377 # or (some English translation):
 378 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina08.html
 379 
 380 # From Mariano Absatz (2010-04-12):
 381 # yes...I can confirm this...and given that San Luis keeps calling
 382 # UTC-03:00 "summer time", we should't just let San Luis go back to "Arg"
 383 # rules...San Luis is still using "Western ARgentina Time" and it got
 384 # stuck on Summer daylight savings time even though the summer is over.
 385 
 386 # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-23):
 387 # Perhaps San Luis operates on the legal fiction that it is at -04
 388 # with perpetual daylight saving time, but ordinary usage typically seems to
 389 # just say it's at -03; see, for example,
 390 # https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hora_oficial_argentina
 391 # We've documented similar situations as being plain changes to
 392 # standard time, so let's do that here too.  This does not change UTC
 393 # offsets, only tm_isdst and the time zone abbreviations.  One minor
 394 # plus is that this silences a zic complaint that there's no POSIX TZ
 395 # setting for time stamps past 2038.
 396 



 397 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 398 #
 399 # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
 400 Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT      1894 Oct 31
 401                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May    # Córdoba Mean Time
 402                         -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
 403                         -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
 404                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
 405                         -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
 406                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02
 407 #
 408 # Córdoba (CB), Santa Fe (SF), Entre Ríos (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN),
 409 # Chaco (CC), Formosa (FM), Santiago del Estero (SE)
 410 #
 411 # Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified:
 412 # - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
 413 # - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
 414 # - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
 415 # - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
 416 #   then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.


 511 Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT   1894 Oct 31
 512                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 513                         -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
 514                         -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
 515                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1990 Mar  4
 516                         -4:00   -       -04     1990 Oct 15
 517                         -4:00   1:00    -03     1991 Mar  1
 518                         -4:00   -       -04     1991 Oct 15
 519                         -4:00   1:00    -03     1992 Mar  1
 520                         -4:00   -       -04     1992 Oct 18
 521                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1999 Oct  3
 522                         -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 2000 Mar  3
 523                         -3:00   -       -03     2004 May 23
 524                         -4:00   -       -04     2004 Sep 26
 525                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
 526                         -3:00   -       -03
 527 #
 528 # San Luis (SL)
 529 
 530 Rule    SanLuis 2008    2009    -       Mar     Sun>=8       0:00    0       -
 531 Rule    SanLuis 2007    2008    -       Oct     Sun>=8       0:00    1:00    -
 532 
 533 Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT  1894 Oct 31
 534                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 535                         -4:00   -       -04     1930 Dec
 536                         -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
 537                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1990
 538                         -3:00   1:00    -02     1990 Mar 14
 539                         -4:00   -       -04     1990 Oct 15
 540                         -4:00   1:00    -03     1991 Mar  1
 541                         -4:00   -       -04     1991 Jun  1
 542                         -3:00   -       -03     1999 Oct  3
 543                         -4:00   1:00    -03     2000 Mar  3
 544                         -3:00   -       -03     2004 May 31
 545                         -4:00   -       -04     2004 Jul 25
 546                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 2008 Jan 21
 547                         -4:00   SanLuis -04/-03 2009 Oct 11
 548                         -3:00   -       -03
 549 #
 550 # Santa Cruz (SC)
 551 Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT      1894 Oct 31


 753 # https://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI6232536-EI306.html
 754 
 755 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-20):
 756 # Tocantins in Brazil is very likely not to observe DST from October....
 757 # http://conexaoto.com.br/2013/09/18/ministerio-confirma-que-tocantins-esta-fora-do-horario-de-verao-em-2013-mas-falta-publicacao-de-decreto
 758 # We will keep this article updated when this is confirmed:
 759 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-starts-dst-2013.html
 760 
 761 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-10-17):
 762 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/acre-amazonas-change-time-zone.html
 763 # Senator Jorge Viana announced that Acre will change time zone on November 10.
 764 # He did not specify the time of the change, nor if western parts of Amazonas
 765 # will change as well.
 766 #
 767 # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-17):
 768 # For now, assume western Amazonas will change as well.
 769 
 770 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 771 # Decree 20,466 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm> (1931-10-01)
 772 # Decree 21,896 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm> (1932-01-10)
 773 Rule    Brazil  1931    only    -       Oct      3      11:00   1:00    -
 774 Rule    Brazil  1932    1933    -       Apr      1       0:00   0       -
 775 Rule    Brazil  1932    only    -       Oct      3       0:00   1:00    -
 776 # Decree 23,195 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm> (1933-10-10)
 777 # revoked DST.
 778 # Decree 27,496 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm> (1949-11-24)
 779 # Decree 27,998 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm> (1950-04-13)
 780 Rule    Brazil  1949    1952    -       Dec      1       0:00   1:00    -
 781 Rule    Brazil  1950    only    -       Apr     16       1:00   0       -
 782 Rule    Brazil  1951    1952    -       Apr      1       0:00   0       -
 783 # Decree 32,308 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm> (1953-02-24)
 784 Rule    Brazil  1953    only    -       Mar      1       0:00   0       -
 785 # Decree 34,724 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm> (1953-11-30)
 786 # revoked DST.
 787 # Decree 52,700 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm> (1963-10-18)
 788 # established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
 789 # in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
 790 # Decree 53,071 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm> (1963-12-03)
 791 # extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
 792 Rule    Brazil  1963    only    -       Dec      9       0:00   1:00    -
 793 # Decree 53,604 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm> (1964-02-25)
 794 # extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
 795 Rule    Brazil  1964    only    -       Mar      1       0:00   0       -
 796 # Decree 55,639 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm> (1965-01-27)
 797 Rule    Brazil  1965    only    -       Jan     31       0:00   1:00    -
 798 Rule    Brazil  1965    only    -       Mar     31       0:00   0       -
 799 # Decree 57,303 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm> (1965-11-22)
 800 Rule    Brazil  1965    only    -       Dec      1       0:00   1:00    -
 801 # Decree 57,843 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm> (1966-02-18)
 802 Rule    Brazil  1966    1968    -       Mar      1       0:00   0       -
 803 Rule    Brazil  1966    1967    -       Nov      1       0:00   1:00    -
 804 # Decree 63,429 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm> (1968-10-15)
 805 # revoked DST.
 806 # Decree 91,698 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm> (1985-09-27)
 807 Rule    Brazil  1985    only    -       Nov      2       0:00   1:00    -
 808 # Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
 809 # Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
 810 Rule    Brazil  1986    only    -       Mar     15       0:00   0       -
 811 # Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
 812 Rule    Brazil  1986    only    -       Oct     25       0:00   1:00    -
 813 Rule    Brazil  1987    only    -       Feb     14       0:00   0       -
 814 # Decree 94,922 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm> (1987-09-22)
 815 Rule    Brazil  1987    only    -       Oct     25       0:00   1:00    -
 816 Rule    Brazil  1988    only    -       Feb      7       0:00   0       -
 817 # Decree 96,676 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm> (1988-09-12)
 818 # except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
 819 Rule    Brazil  1988    only    -       Oct     16       0:00   1:00    -
 820 Rule    Brazil  1989    only    -       Jan     29       0:00   0       -
 821 # Decree 98,077 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm> (1989-08-21)
 822 # with the same exceptions
 823 Rule    Brazil  1989    only    -       Oct     15       0:00   1:00    -
 824 Rule    Brazil  1990    only    -       Feb     11       0:00   0       -
 825 # Decree 99,530 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm> (1990-09-17)
 826 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
 827 # Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
 828 Rule    Brazil  1990    only    -       Oct     21       0:00   1:00    -
 829 Rule    Brazil  1991    only    -       Feb     17       0:00   0       -
 830 # Unnumbered decree <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm> (1991-09-25)
 831 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
 832 Rule    Brazil  1991    only    -       Oct     20       0:00   1:00    -
 833 Rule    Brazil  1992    only    -       Feb      9       0:00   0       -
 834 # Unnumbered decree <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm> (1992-10-16)
 835 # adopted by same states.
 836 Rule    Brazil  1992    only    -       Oct     25       0:00   1:00    -
 837 Rule    Brazil  1993    only    -       Jan     31       0:00   0       -
 838 # Decree 942 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm> (1993-09-28)
 839 # adopted by same states, plus AM.
 840 # Decree 1,252 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm> (1994-09-22;
 841 # web page corrected 2004-01-07) adopted by same states, minus AM.
 842 # Decree 1,636 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm> (1995-09-14)
 843 # adopted by same states, plus MT and TO.
 844 # Decree 1,674 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm> (1995-10-13)
 845 # adds AL, SE.
 846 Rule    Brazil  1993    1995    -       Oct     Sun>=11       0:00   1:00    -
 847 Rule    Brazil  1994    1995    -       Feb     Sun>=15       0:00   0       -
 848 Rule    Brazil  1996    only    -       Feb     11       0:00   0       -
 849 # Decree 2,000 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm> (1996-09-04)
 850 # adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
 851 Rule    Brazil  1996    only    -       Oct      6       0:00   1:00    -
 852 Rule    Brazil  1997    only    -       Feb     16       0:00   0       -
 853 # From Daniel C. Sobral (1998-02-12):
 854 # In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
 855 # because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
 856 # they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
 857 # This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
 858 # to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
 859 #
 860 # Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
 861 Rule    Brazil  1997    only    -       Oct      6       0:00   1:00    -
 862 # Decree 2,495 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG>
 863 # (1998-02-10)
 864 Rule    Brazil  1998    only    -       Mar      1       0:00   0       -
 865 # Decree 2,780 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg> (1998-09-11)
 866 # adopted by the same states as before.
 867 Rule    Brazil  1998    only    -       Oct     11       0:00   1:00    -
 868 Rule    Brazil  1999    only    -       Feb     21       0:00   0       -
 869 # Decree 3,150 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif>
 870 # (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
 871 # Decree 3,188 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif> (1999-09-30)
 872 # adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
 873 Rule    Brazil  1999    only    -       Oct      3       0:00   1:00    -
 874 Rule    Brazil  2000    only    -       Feb     27       0:00   0       -
 875 # Decree 3,592 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm> (2000-09-06)
 876 # adopted by the same states as before.
 877 # Decree 3,630 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg> (2000-10-13)
 878 # repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
 879 # Decree 3,632 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg> (2000-10-17)
 880 # repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
 881 # Decree 3,916 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif>
 882 # (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
 883 Rule    Brazil  2000    2001    -       Oct     Sun>=8        0:00   1:00    -
 884 Rule    Brazil  2001    2006    -       Feb     Sun>=15       0:00   0       -
 885 # Decree 4,399 (2002-10-01) repeals DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
 886 # 4,399 <http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2002/D4399.htm>
 887 Rule    Brazil  2002    only    -       Nov      3       0:00   1:00    -
 888 # Decree 4,844 (2003-09-24; corrected 2003-09-26) repeals DST in BA, MT, TO.
 889 # 4,844 <http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2003/D4844.htm>
 890 Rule    Brazil  2003    only    -       Oct     19       0:00   1:00    -
 891 # Decree 5,223 (2004-10-01) reestablishes DST in MT.
 892 # 5,223 <http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5223.htm>
 893 Rule    Brazil  2004    only    -       Nov      2       0:00   1:00    -
 894 # Decree 5,539 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5539.gif> (2005-09-19),
 895 # adopted by the same states as before.
 896 Rule    Brazil  2005    only    -       Oct     16       0:00   1:00    -
 897 # Decree 5,920 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5920.gif> (2006-10-03),
 898 # adopted by the same states as before.
 899 Rule    Brazil  2006    only    -       Nov      5       0:00   1:00    -
 900 Rule    Brazil  2007    only    -       Feb     25       0:00   0       -
 901 # Decree 6,212 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV6212.gif> (2007-09-26),
 902 # adopted by the same states as before.
 903 Rule    Brazil  2007    only    -       Oct     Sun>=8        0:00   1:00    -
 904 # From Frederico A. C. Neves (2008-09-10):
 905 # According to this decree
 906 # http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2007-2010/2008/Decreto/D6558.htm
 907 # [t]he DST period in Brazil now on will be from the 3rd Oct Sunday to the
 908 # 3rd Feb Sunday. There is an exception on the return date when this is
 909 # the Carnival Sunday then the return date will be the next Sunday...
 910 Rule    Brazil  2008    2017    -       Oct     Sun>=15      0:00    1:00    -
 911 Rule    Brazil  2008    2011    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 912 # Decree 7,584 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HVdecreto7584_20111013.jpg> (2011-10-13)
 913 # added Bahia.
 914 Rule    Brazil  2012    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
 915 # Decree 7,826 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HVdecreto7826_20121015.jpg> (2012-10-15)
 916 # removed Bahia and added Tocantins.
 917 # Decree 8,112 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HVdecreto8112_20130930.JPG> (2013-09-30)
 918 # removed Tocantins.
 919 Rule    Brazil  2013    2014    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 920 Rule    Brazil  2015    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
 921 Rule    Brazil  2016    2022    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 922 # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-12-18):
 923 # According to many media sources, next year's DST start in Brazil will move to
 924 # the first Sunday of November, and it will stay like that for the years after.
 925 # ... https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-delays-dst-2018.html
 926 # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-12-20):
 927 # http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2015-2018/2017/decreto/D9242.htm
 928 Rule    Brazil  2018    max     -       Nov     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    -
 929 Rule    Brazil  2023    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
 930 Rule    Brazil  2024    2025    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 931 Rule    Brazil  2026    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
 932 Rule    Brazil  2027    2033    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 933 Rule    Brazil  2034    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
 934 Rule    Brazil  2035    2036    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 935 Rule    Brazil  2037    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
 936 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-09-29):
 937 # The next is wrong in some years but is better than nothing.
 938 Rule    Brazil  2038    max     -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 939 
 940 # The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST:
 941 # DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP.
 942 
 943 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 944 #
 945 # Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE)
 946 Zone America/Noronha    -2:09:40 -      LMT     1914
 947                         -2:00   Brazil  -02/-01 1990 Sep 17
 948                         -2:00   -       -02     1999 Sep 30


1215 #
1216 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
1217 # For now, assume the pattern holds for the indefinite future.
1218 # The decree says transitions occur at 24:00; in practice this appears
1219 # to mean 24:00 mainland time, not 24:00 local time, so that Easter
1220 # Island is always two hours behind the mainland.
1221 
1222 # From Juan Correa (2016-12-04):
1223 # Magallanes region ... will keep DST (UTC -3) all year round....
1224 # http://www.soychile.cl/Santiago/Sociedad/2016/12/04/433428/Bachelet-firmo-el-decreto-para-establecer-un-horario-unico-para-la-Region-de-Magallanes.aspx
1225 #
1226 # From Deborah Goldsmith (2017-01-19):
1227 # http://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2017/01/17/41660/01/1169626.pdf
1228 # From Paul Eggert (2017-01-19):
1229 # The above says the Magallanes change expires 2019-05-11 at 24:00,
1230 # so in theory, they will revert to -04/-03 after that, which means
1231 # they will switch from -03 to -04 one hour after Santiago does that day.
1232 # For now, assume that they will not revert.
1233 
1234 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1235 Rule    Chile   1927    1931    -       Sep      1      0:00    1:00    -
1236 Rule    Chile   1928    1932    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1237 Rule    Chile   1968    only    -       Nov      3      4:00u   1:00    -
1238 Rule    Chile   1969    only    -       Mar     30      3:00u   0       -
1239 Rule    Chile   1969    only    -       Nov     23      4:00u   1:00    -
1240 Rule    Chile   1970    only    -       Mar     29      3:00u   0       -
1241 Rule    Chile   1971    only    -       Mar     14      3:00u   0       -
1242 Rule    Chile   1970    1972    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    -
1243 Rule    Chile   1972    1986    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1244 Rule    Chile   1973    only    -       Sep     30      4:00u   1:00    -
1245 Rule    Chile   1974    1987    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    -
1246 Rule    Chile   1987    only    -       Apr     12      3:00u   0       -
1247 Rule    Chile   1988    1990    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1248 Rule    Chile   1988    1989    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    -
1249 Rule    Chile   1990    only    -       Sep     16      4:00u   1:00    -
1250 Rule    Chile   1991    1996    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1251 Rule    Chile   1991    1997    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    -
1252 Rule    Chile   1997    only    -       Mar     30      3:00u   0       -
1253 Rule    Chile   1998    only    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1254 Rule    Chile   1998    only    -       Sep     27      4:00u   1:00    -
1255 Rule    Chile   1999    only    -       Apr      4      3:00u   0       -
1256 Rule    Chile   1999    2010    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    -
1257 Rule    Chile   2000    2007    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1258 # N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time,
1259 # which is used below in specifying the transition.
1260 Rule    Chile   2008    only    -       Mar     30      3:00u   0       -
1261 Rule    Chile   2009    only    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1262 Rule    Chile   2010    only    -       Apr     Sun>=1       3:00u   0       -
1263 Rule    Chile   2011    only    -       May     Sun>=2       3:00u   0       -
1264 Rule    Chile   2011    only    -       Aug     Sun>=16      4:00u   1:00    -
1265 Rule    Chile   2012    2014    -       Apr     Sun>=23      3:00u   0       -
1266 Rule    Chile   2012    2014    -       Sep     Sun>=2       4:00u   1:00    -
1267 Rule    Chile   2016    max     -       May     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1268 Rule    Chile   2016    max     -       Aug     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    -
1269 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
1270 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08.  Ignore these.
1271 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1272 Zone America/Santiago   -4:42:46 -      LMT     1890
1273                         -4:42:46 -      SMT     1910 Jan 10 # Santiago Mean Time
1274                         -5:00   -       -05     1916 Jul  1
1275                         -4:42:46 -      SMT     1918 Sep 10
1276                         -4:00   -       -04     1919 Jul  1
1277                         -4:42:46 -      SMT     1927 Sep  1
1278                         -5:00   Chile   -05/-04 1932 Sep  1
1279                         -4:00   -       -04     1942 Jun  1
1280                         -5:00   -       -05     1942 Aug  1
1281                         -4:00   -       -04     1946 Jul 15
1282                         -4:00   1:00    -03     1946 Sep  1 # central Chile
1283                         -4:00   -       -04     1947 Apr  1
1284                         -5:00   -       -05     1947 May 21 23:00
1285                         -4:00   Chile   -04/-03
1286 Zone America/Punta_Arenas -4:43:40 -    LMT     1890
1287                         -4:42:46 -      SMT     1910 Jan 10
1288                         -5:00   -       -05     1916 Jul  1


1313 # From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06):
1314 # It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us
1315 # and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line....
1316 # I verified with someone who was there that since 1980,
1317 # Palmer has followed Chile.  Prior to that, before the Falklands War,
1318 # Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.
1319 #
1320 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1321 Zone Antarctica/Palmer  0       -       -00     1965
1322                         -4:00   Arg     -04/-03 1969 Oct  5
1323                         -3:00   Arg     -03/-02 1982 May
1324                         -4:00   Chile   -04/-03 2016 Dec  4
1325                         -3:00   -       -03
1326 
1327 # Colombia
1328 
1329 # Milne gives 4:56:16.4 for Bogotá time in 1899; round to nearest.  He writes,
1330 # "A variation of fifteen minutes in the public clocks of Bogota is not rare."
1331 
1332 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1333 Rule    CO      1992    only    -       May      3      0:00    1:00    -
1334 Rule    CO      1993    only    -       Apr      4      0:00    0       -
1335 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1336 Zone    America/Bogota  -4:56:16 -      LMT     1884 Mar 13
1337                         -4:56:16 -      BMT     1914 Nov 23 # Bogotá Mean Time
1338                         -5:00   CO      -05/-04
1339 # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
1340 # no information; probably like America/Bogota
1341 
1342 # Curaçao
1343 
1344 # Milne gives 4:35:46.9 for Curaçao mean time; round to nearest.
1345 #
1346 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1347 # Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at
1348 # -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that
1349 # Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from
1350 # 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.  The former is dubious, since S&P also say
1351 # Saba Island has been like Curaçao.
1352 # This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
1353 #


1373 # Ecuador
1374 #
1375 # Milne says the Central and South American Telegraph Company used -5:24:15.
1376 #
1377 # From Alois Treindl (2016-12-15):
1378 # https://www.elcomercio.com/actualidad/hora-sixto-1993.html
1379 # ... Whether the law applied also to Galápagos, I do not know.
1380 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-15):
1381 # https://www.elcomercio.com/afull/modificacion-husohorario-ecuador-presidentes-decreto.html
1382 # This says President Sixto Durán Ballén signed decree No. 285, which
1383 # established DST from 1992-11-28 to 1993-02-05; it does not give transition
1384 # times.  The people called it "hora de Sixto" ("Sixto hour").  The change did
1385 # not go over well; a popular song "Qué hora es" by Jaime Guevara had lyrics
1386 # that included "Amanecía en mitad de la noche, los guaguas iban a clase sin
1387 # sol" ("It was dawning in the middle of the night, the buses went to class
1388 # without sun").  Although Ballén's campaign slogan was "Ni un paso atrás"
1389 # (Not one step back), the clocks went back in 1993 and the experiment was not
1390 # repeated.  For now, assume transitions were at 00:00 local time country-wide.
1391 #
1392 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1393 Rule    Ecuador 1992    only    -       Nov     28      0:00    1:00    -
1394 Rule    Ecuador 1993    only    -       Feb      5      0:00    0       -
1395 #
1396 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1397 Zone America/Guayaquil  -5:19:20 -      LMT     1890
1398                         -5:14:00 -      QMT     1931 # Quito Mean Time
1399                         -5:00   Ecuador -05/-04
1400 Zone Pacific/Galapagos  -5:58:24 -      LMT     1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
1401                         -5:00   -       -05     1986
1402                         -6:00   Ecuador -06/-05
1403 
1404 # Falklands
1405 
1406 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1407 # Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks & Pottenger and the IATA agree except
1408 # the IATA gives 1996-09-08.  Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1409 
1410 # From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
1411 # via Jesper Nørgaard:
1412 # ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
1413 # April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2


1463 # Normally the clocks revert to Local Mean Time (UTC/GMT -4 hours) on the
1464 # third Sunday of April at 0200hrs and advance to Summer Time (UTC/GMT -3
1465 # hours) on the first Sunday of September at 0200hrs.
1466 #
1467 # IMPORTANT NOTE: During 2011, on a trial basis, the Falkland Islands
1468 # will not revert to local mean time, but clocks will remain on Summer
1469 # time (UTC/GMT - 3 hours) throughout the whole of 2011.  Any long term
1470 # change to local time following the trial period will be notified.
1471 #
1472 # From Andrew Newman (2012-02-24)
1473 # A letter from Justin McPhee, Chief Executive,
1474 # Cable & Wireless Falkland Islands (dated 2012-02-22)
1475 # states...
1476 #   The current Atlantic/Stanley entry under South America expects the
1477 #   clocks to go back to standard Falklands Time (FKT) on the 15th April.
1478 #   The database entry states that in 2011 Stanley was staying on fixed
1479 #   summer time on a trial basis only.  FIG need to contact IANA and/or
1480 #   the maintainers of the database to inform them we're adopting
1481 #   the same policy this year and suggest recommendations for future years.
1482 #
1483 # For now we will assume permanent -03 for the Falklands
1484 # until advised differently (to apply for 2012 and beyond, after the 2011
1485 # experiment was apparently successful.)
1486 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1487 Rule    Falk    1937    1938    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1:00    -
1488 Rule    Falk    1938    1942    -       Mar     Sun>=19      0:00    0       -
1489 Rule    Falk    1939    only    -       Oct     1       0:00    1:00    -
1490 Rule    Falk    1940    1942    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1:00    -
1491 Rule    Falk    1943    only    -       Jan     1       0:00    0       -
1492 Rule    Falk    1983    only    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1:00    -
1493 Rule    Falk    1984    1985    -       Apr     lastSun 0:00    0       -
1494 Rule    Falk    1984    only    -       Sep     16      0:00    1:00    -
1495 Rule    Falk    1985    2000    -       Sep     Sun>=9       0:00    1:00    -
1496 Rule    Falk    1986    2000    -       Apr     Sun>=16      0:00    0       -
1497 Rule    Falk    2001    2010    -       Apr     Sun>=15      2:00    0       -
1498 Rule    Falk    2001    2010    -       Sep     Sun>=1       2:00    1:00    -
1499 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1500 Zone Atlantic/Stanley   -3:51:24 -      LMT     1890
1501                         -3:51:24 -      SMT     1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
1502                         -4:00   Falk    -04/-03 1983 May
1503                         -3:00   Falk    -03/-02 1985 Sep 15
1504                         -4:00   Falk    -04/-03 2010 Sep  5  2:00
1505                         -3:00   -       -03
1506 
1507 # French Guiana
1508 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1509 Zone America/Cayenne    -3:29:20 -      LMT     1911 Jul
1510                         -4:00   -       -04     1967 Oct
1511                         -3:00   -       -03
1512 
1513 # Guyana
1514 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1515 Zone    America/Guyana  -3:52:40 -      LMT     1915 Mar    # Georgetown
1516                         -3:45   -       -0345   1975 Jul 31
1517                         -3:00   -       -03     1991
1518 # IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00.  Assume a 1991 switch.
1519                         -4:00   -       -04
1520 
1521 # Paraguay
1522 #
1523 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1524 # Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are 01:00 -> 02:00,
1525 # and autumn transitions are 00:00 -> 23:00.  Go with pre-1999
1526 # editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
1527 #
1528 # From Waldemar Villamayor-Venialbo (2013-09-20):
1529 # No time of the day is established for the adjustment, so people normally
1530 # adjust their clocks at 0 hour of the given dates.
1531 #
1532 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1533 Rule    Para    1975    1988    -       Oct      1      0:00    1:00    -
1534 Rule    Para    1975    1978    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
1535 Rule    Para    1979    1991    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1536 Rule    Para    1989    only    -       Oct     22      0:00    1:00    -
1537 Rule    Para    1990    only    -       Oct      1      0:00    1:00    -
1538 Rule    Para    1991    only    -       Oct      6      0:00    1:00    -
1539 Rule    Para    1992    only    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
1540 Rule    Para    1992    only    -       Oct      5      0:00    1:00    -
1541 Rule    Para    1993    only    -       Mar     31      0:00    0       -
1542 Rule    Para    1993    1995    -       Oct      1      0:00    1:00    -
1543 Rule    Para    1994    1995    -       Feb     lastSun 0:00    0       -
1544 Rule    Para    1996    only    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
1545 # IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
1546 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
1547 # I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
1548 # (10-01).
1549 #
1550 # Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
1551 # Noticias, a daily paper in Asunción, Paraguay (2000-10-01):
1552 # http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm
1553 # Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
1554 # fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power....  The time change
1555 # system has been operating for several years.  Formerly there was a separate
1556 # decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently.  Every
1557 # year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
1558 # clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
1559 #
1560 Rule    Para    1996    2001    -       Oct     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    -
1561 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1562 Rule    Para    1997    only    -       Feb     lastSun 0:00    0       -
1563 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
1564 # (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
1565 Rule    Para    1998    2001    -       Mar     Sun>=1       0:00    0       -
1566 # From Rives McDow (2002-02-28):
1567 # A decree was issued in Paraguay (No. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that changed the
1568 # dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in
1569 # April.
1570 Rule    Para    2002    2004    -       Apr     Sun>=1       0:00    0       -
1571 Rule    Para    2002    2003    -       Sep     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    -
1572 #
1573 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-01-02):
1574 # There are several sources that claim that Paraguay made
1575 # a timezone rule change in autumn 2004.
1576 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-01-05):
1577 # Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05)
1578 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso via Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-13)
1579 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/decretos/D1867.pdf
1580 Rule    Para    2004    2009    -       Oct     Sun>=15      0:00    1:00    -
1581 Rule    Para    2005    2009    -       Mar     Sun>=8       0:00    0       -
1582 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2010-02-18):
1583 # By decree number 3958 issued yesterday
1584 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/v1/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/decreto3958.pdf
1585 # Paraguay changes its DST schedule, postponing the March rule to April and
1586 # modifying the October date. The decree reads:
1587 # ...
1588 # Art. 1. It is hereby established that from the second Sunday of the month of
1589 # April of this year (2010), the official time is to be set back 60 minutes,
1590 # and that on the first Sunday of the month of October, it is to be set
1591 # forward 60 minutes, in all the territory of the Paraguayan Republic.
1592 # ...
1593 Rule    Para    2010    max     -       Oct     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    -
1594 Rule    Para    2010    2012    -       Apr     Sun>=8       0:00    0       -
1595 #
1596 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-07):
1597 # Paraguay will end DST on 2013-03-24 00:00....
1598 # http://www.ande.gov.py/interna.php?id=1075
1599 #
1600 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2013-03-15):
1601 # The change in Paraguay is now final.  Decree number 10780
1602 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/uploads/pdf/presidencia-3b86ff4b691c79d4f5927ca964922ec74772ce857c02ca054a52a37b49afc7fb.pdf
1603 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2014-02-28):
1604 # Decree 1264 can be found at:
1605 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/archivos/documentos/DECRETO1264_ey9r8zai.pdf
1606 Rule    Para    2013    max     -       Mar     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
1607 
1608 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1609 Zone America/Asuncion   -3:50:40 -      LMT     1890
1610                         -3:50:40 -      AMT     1931 Oct 10 # Asunción Mean Time
1611                         -4:00   -       -04     1972 Oct
1612                         -3:00   -       -03     1974 Apr
1613                         -4:00   Para    -04/-03
1614 
1615 # Peru
1616 #
1617 # From Evelyn C. Leeper via Mark Brader (2003-10-26)
1618 # <news:xrGmb.39935$gA1.13896113@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net>:
1619 # When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over
1620 # sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon.
1621 #
1622 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1623 # Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition.  Assume 1986 was like 1987.
1624 
1625 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1626 Rule    Peru    1938    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    -
1627 Rule    Peru    1938    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1628 Rule    Peru    1938    1939    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1:00    -
1629 Rule    Peru    1939    1940    -       Mar     Sun>=24      0:00    0       -
1630 Rule    Peru    1986    1987    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    -
1631 Rule    Peru    1986    1987    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1632 Rule    Peru    1990    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    -
1633 Rule    Peru    1990    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1634 # IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1635 Rule    Peru    1994    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    -
1636 Rule    Peru    1994    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1637 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1638 Zone    America/Lima    -5:08:12 -      LMT     1890
1639                         -5:08:36 -      LMT     1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
1640                         -5:00   Peru    -05/-04
1641 
1642 # South Georgia
1643 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1644 Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 -  LMT     1890 # Grytviken
1645                         -2:00   -       -02
1646 
1647 # South Sandwich Is
1648 # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
1649 
1650 # Suriname
1651 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1652 Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 -      LMT     1911
1653                         -3:40:52 -      PMT     1935     # Paramaribo Mean Time
1654                         -3:40:36 -      PMT     1945 Oct    # The capital moved?
1655                         -3:30   -       -0330   1984 Oct


1661                         -4:00   -       AST
1662 
1663 # These all agree with Trinidad and Tobago since 1970.
1664 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Anguilla
1665 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Antigua
1666 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Dominica
1667 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Grenada
1668 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Guadeloupe
1669 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Marigot      # St Martin (French part)
1670 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Montserrat
1671 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Barthelemy # St Barthélemy
1672 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Kitts     # St Kitts & Nevis
1673 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Lucia
1674 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Thomas    # Virgin Islands (US)
1675 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Vincent
1676 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Tortola      # Virgin Islands (UK)
1677 
1678 # Uruguay
1679 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
1680 # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
1681 #
1682 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-20), per Jeremie Bonjour (2018-01-31) and Michael
1683 # Deckers (2018-02-20):
1684 # ... At least they kept good records...
1685 #
1686 # http://www.armada.mil.uy/ContenidosPDFs/sohma/web/almanaque/almanaque_2018.pdf#page=36
1687 # Page 36 of Almanaque 2018, published by the Oceanography, Hydrography, and
1688 # Meteorology Service of the Uruguayan Navy, seems to give many transitions
1689 # with greater clarity than we've had before.  It directly references many laws
1690 # and decrees which are, in turn, referenced below.  They can be viewed in the
1691 # public archives of the Diario Oficial (in Spanish) at
1692 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/
1693 #
1694 # Ley No. 3920 of 1908-06-10 placed the determination of legal time under the
1695 # auspices of the National Institute for the Prediction of Time.  It is unclear
1696 # exactly what offset was used during this period, though Ley No. 7200 of
1697 # 1920-04-23 used the Observatory of the National Meteorological Institute in
1698 # Montevideo (34° 54' 33" S, 56° 12' 45" W) as its reference meridian,
1699 # retarding legal time by 15 minutes 9 seconds from 1920-04-30 24:00,
1700 # resulting in UT-04.  Assume the corresponding LMT of UT-03:44:51 (given on
1701 # page 725 of the Proceedings of the Second Pan-American Scientific Congress,
1702 # 1915-1916) was in use, and merely became official from 1908-06-10.
1703 # https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1908/06/18/12
1704 # https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1920/04/27/9
1705 #
1706 # Ley No. 7594 of 1923-06-28 specified legal time as Observatory time advanced
1707 # by 44 minutes 51 seconds (UT-03) "from 30 September to 31 March", and by 14
1708 # minutes 51 seconds (UT-03:30) "the rest of the year"; a message from the
1709 # National Council of Administration the same day, published directly below the
1710 # law in the Diario Oficial, specified the first transition to be 1923-09-30
1711 # 24:00.  This effectively established standard time at UT-03:30 with 30
1712 # minutes DST.  Assume transitions at 24:00 on the specified days until Ley No.
1713 # 7919 of 1926-03-05 ended this arrangement, repealing all "laws and other
1714 # provisions which oppose" it, resulting in year-round UT-03:30; a Resolución
1715 # of 1926-03-11 puts the final transition at 1926-03-31 24:00, the same as it
1716 # would have been under the previous law.
1717 # https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1923/07/02/2
1718 # https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1926/03/10/2
1719 # https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1926/03/18/2
1720 #
1721 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1722 Rule    Uruguay 1923    1925    -       Oct      1       0:00   0:30    -

1723 Rule    Uruguay 1924    1926    -       Apr      1       0:00   0       -
1724 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1725 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1933/10/27/6
1726 #
1727 # It appears Ley No. 9122 of 1933 was never published as such in the Diario
1728 # Oficial, but instead appeared as Document 26 in the Diario on Friday
1729 # 1933-10-27 as a decree made Monday 1933-10-23 and filed under the Ministry of
1730 # National Defense.  It reinstituted a DST of 30 minutes (to UT-03) "from the
1731 # last Sunday of October...until the last Saturday of March."  In accordance
1732 # with this provision, the first transition was explicitly specified in Article
1733 # 2 of the decree as Saturday 1933-10-28 at 24:00; that is, Sunday 1933-10-29
1734 # at 00:00.  Assume transitions at 00:00 Sunday throughout.
1735 #
1736 # Departing from the matter-of-fact nature of previous timekeeping laws, the
1737 # 1933 decree "consider[s] the advantages of...the advance of legal time":
1738 #
1739 #   "Whereas: The measure adopted by almost all nations at the time of the last
1740 #    World War still persists in North America and Europe, precisely because of
1741 #    the economic, hygienic, and social advantages derived from such an
1742 #    emergency measure...
1743 #
1744 #    Whereas: The advance of the legal time during the summer seasons, by
1745 #    displacing social activity near sunrise, favors the citizen populations
1746 #    and especially the society that creates and works..."
1747 #
1748 # It further specified that "necessary measures" be taken to ensure that
1749 # "public spectacles finish, in general, before [01:00]."
1750 Rule    Uruguay 1933    1938    -       Oct     lastSun  0:00   0:30    -
1751 Rule    Uruguay 1934    1941    -       Mar     lastSat 24:00   0       -
1752 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1753 # Most of the Rules below, and their contemporaneous Zone lines, have been
1754 # updated simply to match the Almanaque 2018.  Although the document does not
1755 # list exact transition times, midnight transitions were already present in our
1756 # data here for all transitions through 2004-09, and this is both consistent
1757 # with prior transitions and verified in several decrees marked below between
1758 # 1939-09 and 2004-09, wherein the relevant text was typically of the form:
1759 #
1760 #   "From 0 hours on [date], the legal time of the entire Republic will be...
1761 #
1762 #    In accordance with [the preceding], on [previous date] at 24 hours, all
1763 #    clocks throughout the Republic will be [advanced/retarded] by..."
1764 #
1765 # It is possible that there is greater specificity to be found for the Rules
1766 # below, but it is buried in no fewer than 40 different decrees individually
1767 # referenced by the Almanaque for the period from 1939-09 to 2014-09.
1768 # Four-fifths of these were promulgated less than two weeks before taking
1769 # effect; more than half within a week and none more than 5 weeks.  Only the
1770 # handful with comments below have been checked with any thoroughness.
1771 Rule    Uruguay 1939    only    -       Oct      1       0:00   0:30    -
1772 Rule    Uruguay 1940    only    -       Oct     27       0:00   0:30    -
1773 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1774 # Decreto 1145 of the Ministry of National Defense, dated 1941-07-26, specified
1775 # UT-03 from Friday 1941-08-01 00:00, citing an "urgent...need to save fuel".
1776 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1941/08/04/1
1777 Rule    Uruguay 1941    only    -       Aug      1       0:00   0:30    -
1778 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1779 # Decreto 1866 of the Ministry of National Defense, dated 1942-12-09, specified
1780 # further advancement (to UT-02:30) from Sunday 1942-12-13 24:00.  Since clocks
1781 # never went back to UT-03:30 thereafter, this is modeled as advancing standard
1782 # time by 30 minutes to UT-03, while retaining 30 minutes of DST.
1783 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1942/12/16/3
1784 Rule    Uruguay 1942    only    -       Dec     14       0:00   0:30    -
1785 Rule    Uruguay 1943    only    -       Mar     14       0:00   0       -
1786 Rule    Uruguay 1959    only    -       May     24       0:00   0:30    -
1787 Rule    Uruguay 1959    only    -       Nov     15       0:00   0       -
1788 Rule    Uruguay 1960    only    -       Jan     17       0:00   1:00    -
1789 Rule    Uruguay 1960    only    -       Mar      6       0:00   0       -
1790 Rule    Uruguay 1965    only    -       Apr      4       0:00   1:00    -
1791 Rule    Uruguay 1965    only    -       Sep     26       0:00   0       -
1792 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1793 # Decreto 321/968 of 1968-05-25, citing emergency drought measures decreed the
1794 # day before, brought clocks forward 30 minutes from Monday 1968-05-27 00:00.
1795 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1968/05/30/5
1796 Rule    Uruguay 1968    only    -       May     27       0:00   0:30    -
1797 Rule    Uruguay 1968    only    -       Dec      1       0:00   0       -
1798 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1799 # Decreto 188/970 of 1970-04-23 instituted restrictions on electricity
1800 # consumption "as a consequence of the current rainfall regime in the country".
1801 # Articles 13 and 14 advanced clocks by an hour from Saturday 1970-04-25 00:00.
1802 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1970/04/29/4
1803 Rule    Uruguay 1970    only    -       Apr     25       0:00   1:00    -
1804 Rule    Uruguay 1970    only    -       Jun     14       0:00   0       -
1805 Rule    Uruguay 1972    only    -       Apr     23       0:00   1:00    -
1806 Rule    Uruguay 1972    only    -       Jul     16       0:00   0       -
1807 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1808 # Decreto 29/974 of 1974-01-11, citing "the international rise in the price of
1809 # oil", advanced clocks by 90 minutes (to UT-01:30).  Decreto 163/974 of
1810 # 1974-03-04 returned 60 of those minutes (to UT-02:30), and the remaining 30
1811 # minutes followed in Decreto 679/974 of 1974-08-29.
1812 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1974/01/22/11
1813 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1974/03/14/3
1814 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1974/09/04/6
1815 Rule    Uruguay 1974    only    -       Jan     13       0:00   1:30    -
1816 Rule    Uruguay 1974    only    -       Mar     10       0:00   0:30    -
1817 Rule    Uruguay 1974    only    -       Sep      1       0:00   0       -
1818 Rule    Uruguay 1974    only    -       Dec     22       0:00   1:00    -
1819 Rule    Uruguay 1975    only    -       Mar     30       0:00   0       -
1820 Rule    Uruguay 1976    only    -       Dec     19       0:00   1:00    -
1821 Rule    Uruguay 1977    only    -       Mar      6       0:00   0       -
1822 Rule    Uruguay 1977    only    -       Dec      4       0:00   1:00    -
1823 Rule    Uruguay 1978    1979    -       Mar     Sun>=1        0:00   0       -
1824 Rule    Uruguay 1978    only    -       Dec     17       0:00   1:00    -
1825 Rule    Uruguay 1979    only    -       Apr     29       0:00   1:00    -
1826 Rule    Uruguay 1980    only    -       Mar     16       0:00   0       -
1827 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1828 # Decreto 725/987 of 1987-12-04 cited "better use of national tourist
1829 # attractions" to advance clocks one hour from Monday 1987-12-14 00:00.
1830 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1988/01/25/1
1831 Rule    Uruguay 1987    only    -       Dec     14       0:00   1:00    -
1832 Rule    Uruguay 1988    only    -       Feb     28       0:00   0       -
1833 Rule    Uruguay 1988    only    -       Dec     11       0:00   1:00    -
1834 Rule    Uruguay 1989    only    -       Mar      5       0:00   0       -
1835 Rule    Uruguay 1989    only    -       Oct     29       0:00   1:00    -
1836 Rule    Uruguay 1990    only    -       Feb     25       0:00   0       -
1837 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15), per Paul Eggert (1999-11-04):
1838 # IATA agrees as below for 1990-10 through 1993-02.  Per Almanaque 2018, the
1839 # 1992/1993 season appears to be the first in over half a century where DST
1840 # both began and ended pursuant to the same decree.
1841 Rule    Uruguay 1990    1991    -       Oct     Sun>=21       0:00   1:00    -
1842 Rule    Uruguay 1991    1992    -       Mar     Sun>=1        0:00   0       -
1843 Rule    Uruguay 1992    only    -       Oct     18       0:00   1:00    -
1844 Rule    Uruguay 1993    only    -       Feb     28       0:00   0       -
1845 # From Eduardo Cota (2004-09-20):
1846 # The Uruguayan government has decreed a change in the local time....
1847 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1848 # Decreto 328/004 of 2004-09-15.
1849 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/2004/09/23/documentos.pdf#page=1
1850 Rule    Uruguay 2004    only    -       Sep     19       0:00   1:00    -
1851 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-03-11):
1852 # Uruguay's DST was scheduled to end on Sunday, 2005-03-13, but in order to
1853 # save energy ... it was postponed two weeks....
1854 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1855 # This 2005 postponement is not in Almanaque 2018.  Go with the contemporaneous
1856 # reporting, which is confirmed by Decreto 107/005 of 2005-03-10 amending
1857 # Decreto 328/004:
1858 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/2005/03/15/documentos.pdf#page=1
1859 # The original decree specified a transition of 2005-03-12 24:00, but the new
1860 # one specified 2005-03-27 02:00.
1861 Rule    Uruguay 2005    only    -       Mar     27       2:00   0       -
1862 # From Eduardo Cota (2005-09-27):
1863 # ...from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at 02:00 local time,
1864 # official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2.
1865 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1866 # Decreto 318/005 of 2005-09-19.
1867 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/2005/09/23/documentos.pdf#page=1
1868 Rule    Uruguay 2005    only    -       Oct      9       2:00   1:00    -
1869 Rule    Uruguay 2006    2015    -       Mar     Sun>=8        2:00   0       -
1870 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15), per Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-06):
1871 # Decreto 311/006 of 2006-09-04 established regular DST from the first Sunday
1872 # of October at 02:00 through the second Sunday of March at 02:00.  Almanaque
1873 # 2018 appears to have a few typoed dates through this period; ignore them.
1874 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/2006/09/08/documentos.pdf#page=1
1875 Rule    Uruguay 2006    2014    -       Oct     Sun>=1        2:00   1:00    -
1876 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-06-30):
1877 # ... it looks like they will not be using DST the coming summer:
1878 # http://www.elobservador.com.uy/gobierno-resolvio-que-no-habra-cambio-horario-verano-n656787
1879 # http://www.republica.com.uy/este-ano-no-se-modificara-el-huso-horario-en-uruguay/523760/
1880 # From Paul Eggert (2015-06-30):
1881 # Apparently restaurateurs complained that DST caused people to go to the beach
1882 # instead of out to dinner.
1883 # From Pablo Camargo (2015-07-13):
1884 # http://archivo.presidencia.gub.uy/sci/decretos/2015/06/cons_min_201.pdf
1885 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1886 # Decreto 178/015 of 2015-06-29; repeals Decreto 311/006.

1887 
1888 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z.
1889 Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:51 -      LMT     1908 Jun 10
1890                         -3:44:51 -      MMT     1920 May  1 # Montevideo MT
1891                         -4:00   -       -04     1923 Oct  1
1892                         -3:30   Uruguay -0330/-03 1942 Dec 14
1893                         -3:00   Uruguay -03/-0230 1960
1894                         -3:00   Uruguay -03/-02 1968
1895                         -3:00   Uruguay -03/-0230 1970
1896                         -3:00   Uruguay -03/-02 1974
1897                         -3:00   Uruguay -03/-0130 1974 Mar 10
1898                         -3:00   Uruguay -03/-0230 1974 Dec 22
1899                         -3:00   Uruguay -03/-02
1900 
1901 # Venezuela
1902 #
1903 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-28):
1904 # For the 1965 transition see Gaceta Oficial No. 27.619 (1964-12-15), p 205.533
1905 # http://www.pgr.gob.ve/dmdocuments/1964/27619.pdf
1906 #
1907 # From John Stainforth (2007-11-28):
1908 # ... the change for Venezuela originally expected for 2007-12-31 has
1909 # been brought forward to 2007-12-09.  The official announcement was
1910 # published today in the "Gaceta Oficial de la República Bolivariana
1911 # de Venezuela, número 38.819" (official document for all laws or
1912 # resolution publication)
1913 # http://www.globovision.com/news.php?nid=72208
1914 
1915 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-04-15):
1916 # https://actualidad.rt.com/actualidad/204758-venezuela-modificar-huso-horario-sequia-elnino
1917 #