1 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 2 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 3 4 # From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15): 5 # To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see 6 # COMNAP - Stations and Bases 7 # http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/ 8 # and 9 # Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23) 10 # http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm 11 # for information. 12 # Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information. 13 14 # FORMAT is '-00' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited. 15 16 # Argentina - year-round bases 17 # Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05 18 # Carlini, Potter Cove, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01 19 # Esperanza, Hope Bay, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17 20 # Marambio, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29 21 # Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22 22 # San Martín, Barry I, -6808-06706, since 1951-03-21 23 # (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21) 24 25 # Australia - territories 26 # Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited) 27 # previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered 28 # Margaret Turner reports 29 # https://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html 30 # (1999-09-30) that they're UT +05, with no DST; 31 # presumably this is when they have visitors. 32 # 33 # year-round bases 34 # Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969 35 # Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13 36 # (except 1964-11 - 1969-02) 37 # Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13 38 39 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11): 40 # Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone: 41 # Casey moved from UTC+8 to UTC+11 42 # Davis moved from UTC+7 to UTC+5 43 # Mawson moved from UTC+6 to UTC+5 44 # The changes occurred on 2009-10-18 at 02:00 (local times). 45 # 46 # Government source: (Australian Antarctic Division) 47 # http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079 48 # 49 # We have more background information here: 50 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html 51 52 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10): 53 # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: ... 54 # 55 # - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010. 56 # The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but 57 # has not been decided yet. 58 # 59 # - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010 60 # 20:00 UTC. 61 # 62 # - Mawson station stays on UTC+5. 63 # 64 # Background: 65 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html 66 67 # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-10-28): 68 # Australian Antarctica Division informed us that Casey changed time 69 # zone to UTC+11 in "the morning of 22nd October 2016". 70 71 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 72 Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - -00 1969 73 8:00 - +08 2009 Oct 18 2:00 74 11:00 - +11 2010 Mar 5 2:00 75 8:00 - +08 2011 Oct 28 2:00 76 11:00 - +11 2012 Feb 21 17:00u 77 8:00 - +08 2016 Oct 22 78 11:00 - +11 79 Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - -00 1957 Jan 13 80 7:00 - +07 1964 Nov 81 0 - -00 1969 Feb 82 7:00 - +07 2009 Oct 18 2:00 83 5:00 - +05 2010 Mar 10 20:00u 84 7:00 - +07 2011 Oct 28 2:00 85 5:00 - +05 2012 Feb 21 20:00u 86 7:00 - +07 87 Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - -00 1954 Feb 13 88 6:00 - +06 2009 Oct 18 2:00 89 5:00 - +05 90 # References: 91 # Casey Weather (1998-02-26) 92 # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html 93 # Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26) 94 # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html 95 # Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25) 96 # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html 97 98 # Belgium - year-round base 99 # Princess Elisabeth, Queen Maud Land, -713412+0231200, since 2007 100 101 # Brazil - year-round base 102 # Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4 103 104 # Bulgaria - year-round base 105 # St. Kliment Ohridski, Livingston Island, -623829-0602153, since 1988 106 107 # Chile - year-round bases and towns 108 # Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994 109 # Frei Montalva, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07 110 # O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02 111 # Prat, -6230-05941 112 # Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09 113 # These locations employ Region of Magallanes time; use 114 # TZ='America/Punta_Arenas'. 115 116 # China - year-round bases 117 # Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20 118 # Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26 119 120 # France - year-round bases (also see "France & Italy") 121 # 122 # From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20): 123 # Time data entries are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP 124 # (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology). 125 # She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adélie bases 126 # don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adélie supplies came 127 # from Tasmania. 128 # 129 # French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants 130 # 131 # Alfred Faure, Possession Island, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964; 132 # sealing & whaling stations operated variously 1802/1911+; 133 # see Indian/Reunion. 134 # 135 # Martin-de-Viviès, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950 136 # Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951; 137 # whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956 138 # 139 # St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited 140 # fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931 141 # 142 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 143 Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - -00 1950 # Port-aux-Français 144 5:00 - +05 145 # 146 # year-round base in the main continent 147 # Dumont d'Urville, Île des Pétrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11 148 # <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station> (2005-12-05) 149 # 150 # Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947. 151 # It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14. 152 # 153 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 154 Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - -00 1947 155 10:00 - +10 1952 Jan 14 156 0 - -00 1956 Nov 157 10:00 - +10 158 159 # France & Italy - year-round base 160 # Concordia, -750600+1232000, since 2005 161 162 # Germany - year-round base 163 # Neumayer III, -704080-0081602, since 2009 164 165 # India - year-round bases 166 # Bharati, -692428+0761114, since 2012 167 # Maitri, -704558+0114356, since 1989 168 169 # Italy - year-round base (also see "France & Italy") 170 # Zuchelli, Terra Nova Bay, -744140+1640647, since 1986 171 172 # Japan - year-round bases 173 # Syowa (also known as Showa), -690022+0393524, since 1957 174 # 175 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06): 176 # In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time. 177 # 178 # Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan, 179 # was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main 180 # station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location. 181 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 182 Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - -00 1957 Jan 29 183 3:00 - +03 184 # See: 185 # NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17) 186 # http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html 187 188 # S Korea - year-round base 189 # Jang Bogo, Terra Nova Bay, -743700+1641205 since 2014 190 # King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988 191 192 # New Zealand - claims 193 # Balleny Islands (never inhabited) 194 # Scott Island (never inhabited) 195 # 196 # year-round base 197 # Scott Base, Ross Island, since 1957-01. 198 # See Pacific/Auckland. 199 200 # Norway - territories 201 # Bouvet (never inhabited) 202 # 203 # claims 204 # Peter I Island (never inhabited) 205 # 206 # year-round base 207 # Troll, Queen Maud Land, -720041+0023206, since 2005-02-12 208 # 209 # From Paul-Inge Flakstad (2014-03-10): 210 # I recently had a long dialog about this with the developer of timegenie.com. 211 # In the absence of specific dates, he decided to choose some likely ones: 212 # GMT +1 - From March 1 to the last Sunday in March 213 # GMT +2 - From the last Sunday in March until the last Sunday in October 214 # GMT +1 - From the last Sunday in October until November 7 215 # GMT +0 - From November 7 until March 1 216 # The dates for switching to and from UTC+0 will probably not be absolutely 217 # correct, but they should be quite close to the actual dates. 218 # 219 # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-21): 220 # The CET-switching Troll rules require zic from tz 2014b or later, so as 221 # suggested by Bengt-Inge Larsson comment them out for now, and approximate 222 # with only UTC and CEST. Uncomment them when 2014b is more prevalent. 223 # 224 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 225 #Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar 1 1:00u 1:00 +01 226 Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 2:00 +02 227 #Rule Troll 2005 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 1:00 +01 228 #Rule Troll 2004 max - Nov 7 1:00u 0:00 +00 229 # Remove the following line when uncommenting the above '#Rule' lines. 230 Rule Troll 2004 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0:00 +00 231 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 232 Zone Antarctica/Troll 0 - -00 2005 Feb 12 233 0:00 Troll %s 234 235 # Poland - year-round base 236 # Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977 237 238 # Romania - year-bound base 239 # Law-Racoviță, Larsemann Hills, -692319+0762251, since 1986 240 241 # Russia - year-round bases 242 # Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22 243 # Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02 244 # Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551, 245 # year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01 246 # Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150, 247 # year-round from 1960/61 to 1992 248 249 # Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11 250 # From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15): 251 # http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP 252 # Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same 253 # time as Moscow, Russia. 254 # 255 # From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08): 256 # I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is 257 # what they had to say about time there: 258 # "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo) 259 # time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was 260 # 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead 261 # of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The 262 # natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT." 263 # 264 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04): 265 # This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it 266 # in person. He said that some Antarctic locations set their local 267 # time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this 268 # changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean 269 # solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks 270 # happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time 271 # it is at Vostok. But we'll guess +06. 272 # 273 Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - -00 1957 Dec 16 274 6:00 - +06 275 276 # S Africa - year-round bases 277 # Marion Island, -4653+03752 278 # SANAE IV, Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land, -714022-0025026, since 1997 279 280 # Ukraine - year-round base 281 # Vernadsky (formerly Faraday), Galindez Island, -651445-0641526, since 1954 282 283 # United Kingdom 284 # 285 # British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims 286 # South Orkney Islands 287 # scientific station from 1903 288 # whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926 289 # South Shetland Islands 290 # 291 # year-round bases 292 # Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983 293 # Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931, 294 # scientific station 1943/1967, 295 # previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident, 296 # and a garrison was deployed briefly 297 # Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06 298 # Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated 299 # so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location. 300 # Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01 301 # 302 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22) 303 # <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year. 304 # 305 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 306 Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - -00 1976 Dec 1 307 -3:00 - -03 308 309 # Uruguay - year round base 310 # Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107 311 312 # USA - year-round bases 313 # 314 # Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968) 315 # See 'southamerica' for Antarctica/Palmer, since it uses South American DST. 316 # 317 # McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12 318 # Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20 319 # 320 # From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27): 321 # Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station, 322 # stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station, 323 # but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12 324 # as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound, 325 # which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year 326 # at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 Degrees South.) 327 # 328 # From Susan Smith 329 # http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html 330 # (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available): 331 # We use the same time as McMurdo does. 332 # And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does.... 333 # One last quirk about South Pole time. 334 # All the electric clocks are usually wrong. 335 # Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something 336 # makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days, 337 # we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so. 338 # Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!! 339 # 340 # See 'australasia' for Antarctica/McMurdo.